Blowout preventer for submarine oil and gas exploitation

Abstract

The invention discloses a blowout preventer for submarine oil and gas exploitation, and relates to the technical field of oil and gas exploitation, the blowout preventer comprises a bottom pipe, one end of the bottom pipe extends into a submarine oil and gas exploitation well, the top end of the bottom pipe is fixedly connected with a shunting box, and the top end of the bottom pipe extends into the shunting box. Firstly, oil gas flows into the flow dividing box through the bottom pipe, the oil gas flows through different paths under the action of the flow dividing mechanism according to different oil gas dynamic pressures, when the oil gas pressure is large, the oil gas is divided into the flow dividing pipe under the action of the flow dividing mechanism, the oil gas flow speed is reduced, and the dynamic pressure is reduced; when the flow dividing pipes are sealed through the sealing mechanisms arranged on the flow dividing pipes, the acting force borne by the flashboard is weakened, and therefore the abrasion condition of the flashboard is relieved, and the sealing effect of the flashboard is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas exploitation, and in particular to a blowout preventer for submarine oil and gas exploitation. Background Art

[0002] A blowout preventer (BOP) is a key device installed on a submarine wellhead. It is primarily used to close the wellhead during drilling, workover, or completion operations to prevent high-pressure oil and gas blowouts. Its core function is to drive sealing components (such as gates and rubber cores) through a hydraulic system to quickly seal the wellhead when the wellbore pressure is abnormal. It is mainly divided into annular BOPs and ram BOPs. Ram BOPs mainly include full-seal gates (completely sealing the well), semi-seal gates (sealing the gap between the tubing and the wellbore wall), and shear gates (cutting the drill pipe and sealing the well).

[0003] In actual use, the fully sealed gate mainly relies on hydraulic pressure to drive the gate to move in opposite directions until the wellhead is sealed. However, when a blowout occurs, the dynamic pressure of the liquid in the well is very strong. During the gate's movement in opposite directions, the liquid from the blowout will have a strong impact on the gate, causing the gate to be subjected to a strong upward force. At this time, the upper surface of the gate and the top wall of the gate groove will produce a strong friction force. As the use time increases, more wear may occur between the top of the gate and the top wall of the gate groove. Especially in extremely high or low temperature conditions, the properties of the metal materials of the gate and the gate groove will change to a certain extent, making the wear caused by the above friction more serious, resulting in the sealing effect of the gate being affected. Therefore, the present application proposes a blowout preventer for submarine oil and gas development to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a blowout preventer for submarine oil and gas development to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A blowout preventer for submarine oil and gas production comprises a bottom pipe, one end of which extends into a submarine oil and gas production well, a top end of which is fixedly connected to a diverter box, and the top end of which extends into the interior of the diverter box.

[0007] A diversion mechanism for diverting flow according to the difference in oil and gas dynamic pressure is provided inside one end of the bottom pipe located inside the diversion box.

[0008] The oil and gas separated by the flow dividing mechanism are gathered and connected to a collection box, and a top pipe is fixedly connected to the collection box.

[0009] The diversion box is fixedly connected to a plurality of diversion tubes, the inner diameter of each diversion tube is larger than the inner diameter of the bottom tube. When the oil and gas pressure is high, the oil and gas are diverted to the diversion tubes through the action of the diversion mechanism. Each diversion tube is provided with a sealing mechanism.

[0010] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: the diversion mechanism includes a fixing frame fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bottom tube, a sliding rod is fixedly connected to the fixing frame, one end of the sliding rod is fixedly connected to the top of the inner cavity of the diversion box, a sealing plug is movably connected to the outer surface of the sliding rod, and the sealing plug is movably connected to the inner wall of the bottom tube, and a plurality of diversion grooves are opened at one end of the bottom tube located inside the diversion box, and a square tube is fixedly connected to the outer surface of each bottom tube at the diversion groove, and the end of the square tube extending to the outside of the diversion box is connected to the interior of the collection box.

[0011] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that a spring is sleeved on the outer surface of the sliding rod. When the dynamic pressure generated by the oil and gas pushes the sealing plug to slide up along the sliding rod to the diversion groove, the oil and gas flow into the square tube through the diversion groove. When the dynamic pressure generated by the oil and gas is large, it will push the sealing plug to move up to the outside of the bottom tube, and the oil and gas will flow out through the top of the bottom tube and be diverted to the diversion tube.

[0012] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that a pressure sensor is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sealing plug.

[0013] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that a gate plate 1 is movably connected to the inner wall of the square tube, and the gate plate 1 can move up and down along the square tube. When the dynamic pressure of the oil and gas is large, the gate plate moves down to block the square tube. When the dynamic pressure of the oil and gas is small, the gate plate keeps moving up and the oil and gas flows out through the square tube.

[0014] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: a driving device 1 is fixedly connected to the gate plate 1, and the driving device 1 drives the gate plate 1 to move up and down. The outside of the driving device 1 is fixedly connected to a device box, and the device box covers the gate plate 1 and the driving device 1.

[0015] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that the sealing mechanism includes a sealing box fixedly connected to one end of the diversion pipe, one side of the sealing box is connected to the collecting box through a connecting pipe, a sealing cavity is opened inside the sealing box, and two gate plates 2 arranged opposite to each other are movably connected inside the sealing cavity.

[0016] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that each gate plate 2 is fixedly connected to a driving device 2, which is fixedly connected to the sealing box, and drives the gate plate 2 to move in the opposite or reverse direction through the driving device 2.

[0017] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: the collecting box is located on the top of the diversion box, and the diversion box and the collecting box are fixedly connected by a support column.

[0018] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following technical advancements compared to the prior art:

[0019] 1. The present invention provides a blowout preventer for submarine oil and gas development. First, oil and gas flow into the diversion box through the bottom pipe. According to different oil and gas dynamic pressures, the diversion mechanism causes the oil and gas to flow through different paths. When the oil and gas pressure is relatively high, the diversion mechanism diverts the oil and gas into the diversion pipe, and the oil and gas flow rate is reduced, and the dynamic pressure is reduced, that is, the oil and gas dynamic pressure in each diversion pipe is reduced. At this time, when the diversion pipe is sealed by the sealing mechanism provided on the diversion pipe, the force acting on the gate plate is weakened, thereby reducing the wear of the gate plate and ensuring the sealing effect of the gate plate.

[0020] 2. The present invention provides a blowout preventer for submarine oil and gas development. The dynamic pressure generated by the oil and gas rising along the bottom pipe exerts an upward force on the sealing plug, causing the sealing plug to move along the slide rod. When the sealing plug moves to the diversion groove, the oil and gas will flow out through the diversion groove, flow into the collection box through the square tube, and then converge and flow out again. When the dynamic pressure of the oil and gas is large, the sealing plug is displaced to the outside of the bottom pipe. At this time, the dynamic pressure of the oil and gas is large, and the oil and gas flows out through the opening of the bottom pipe into the diversion box, and then is diverted to the diversion pipe. Each diversion pipe can be sealed by the sealing mechanism. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure inside the diverter box of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the bottom tube and the square tube of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the collection box of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the shunt tube of the present invention when it is not sealed;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the gate plate sealing the diverter pipe in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0028] In the figure: 1. Bottom pipe; 2. Top pipe; 3. Diverter box; 4. Diverter pipe; 5. Sealing box; 6. Connecting pipe; 7. Collecting box; 8. Fixing frame; 9. Sliding rod; 10. Sealing plug; 11. Spring; 12. Diverter trough; 13. Pressure sensor; 14. Square pipe; 15. Equipment box; 16. Driving device 1; 17. Gate 1; 18. Support column; 19. Driving device 2; 20. Sealing chamber; 21. Gate 2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the embodiments:

[0030] Example:

[0031] like Figure 1-7 As shown, the present invention provides a blowout preventer for submarine oil and gas production, including a bottom pipe 1, one end of which extends into the submarine oil and gas production well, and the top end of the bottom pipe 1 is fixedly connected to a diverter box 3, and the top end of the bottom pipe 1 extends to the interior of the diverter box 3.

[0032] A diversion mechanism for diverting oil and gas according to the difference in dynamic pressure is provided inside the diversion box 3 at one end of the bottom pipe 1 .

[0033] The oil and gas separated by the diversion mechanism are gathered and connected to a collection box 7, and the collection box 7 is fixedly connected to the top pipe 2.

[0034] A plurality of diversion tubes 4 are fixedly connected to the diversion box 3. The inner diameter of each diversion tube 4 is larger than the inner diameter of the bottom tube 1. When the oil and gas pressure is large, the oil and gas are diverted to the diversion tube 4 through the action of the diversion mechanism. A sealing mechanism is provided on each diversion tube 4.

[0035] First, the oil and gas flow into the diversion box 3 through the bottom pipe 1. According to different oil and gas dynamic pressures, the diversion mechanism makes the oil and gas flow through different paths. When the oil and gas pressure is relatively high, the diversion mechanism diverts the oil and gas into the diversion pipe 4, and the oil and gas flow rate is reduced, and the dynamic pressure is reduced, that is, the oil and gas dynamic pressure in each diversion pipe 4 is reduced. At this time, when the diversion pipe 4 is sealed by the sealing mechanism provided on the diversion pipe 4, the force acting on the gate plate is weakened, thereby reducing the wear of the gate plate and ensuring the sealing effect of the gate plate.

[0036] Furthermore, the diversion mechanism includes a fixing frame 8 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bottom tube 1, a sliding rod 9 fixedly connected to the fixing frame 8, one end of the sliding rod 9 is fixedly connected to the top of the inner cavity of the diversion box 3, a sealing plug 10 is movably connected to the outer surface of the sliding rod 9, and the sealing plug 10 is movably connected to the inner wall of the bottom tube 1, and a plurality of diversion grooves 12 are opened at one end of the bottom tube 1 located inside the diversion box 3. A square tube 14 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of each bottom tube 1 at the diversion groove 12, and the square tube 14 extends to one end outside the diversion box 3 and is connected to the inside of the collection box 7. The dynamic pressure generated by the oil and gas rising along the bottom pipe 1 has an upward force on the sealing plug 10, causing the sealing plug 10 to move along the slide rod 9. When the sealing plug 10 moves to the diverter groove 12, the oil and gas will flow out through the diverter groove 12, flow into the collection box 7 through the square tube 14, and then converge and flow out. When the dynamic pressure of the oil and gas is large, the sealing plug 10 is displaced to the outside of the bottom pipe 1. At this time, the dynamic pressure of the oil and gas is large, and the oil and gas flows out through the opening of the bottom pipe 1 to the diverter box 3, and then diverted to the diverter pipe 4. Each diverter pipe 4 can be sealed by the sealing mechanism.

[0037] Furthermore, a spring 11 is sleeved on the outer surface of the slide rod 9. When the dynamic pressure generated by the oil and gas pushes the sealing plug 10 to slide up along the slide rod 9 to the diversion groove 12, the oil and gas flow into the square tube 14 through the diversion groove 12. When the dynamic pressure generated by the oil and gas is large, it will push the sealing plug 10 to move up to the outside of the bottom tube 1, and the oil and gas will flow out through the top of the bottom tube 1 and be diverted into the diversion pipe 4. When the sealing plug 10 moves up along the slide rod 9, the spring 11 is compressed and elastically deformed. Therefore, when the oil and gas transmission process is completed, it can rebound under the action of the compressed spring 11, pushing the sealing plug 10 to return to its original position along the slide rod 9.

[0038] Furthermore, a pressure sensor 13 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sealing plug 10 for real-time monitoring of the dynamic pressure generated by the oil and gas flowing into the bottom pipe 1 .

[0039] Furthermore, a gate plate 17 is movably connected to the inner wall of the square tube 14, and the gate plate 17 can move up and down along the square tube 14. When the dynamic pressure of the oil and gas is large, the gate plate 17 moves down, thereby blocking the square tube 14. When the dynamic pressure of the oil and gas is small, the gate plate 17 keeps moving up, and the oil and gas flow out through the square tube 14. When the dynamic pressure monitored by the pressure sensor 13 is greater than the dynamic pressure that will cause the sealing plug 10 to move up along the slide rod 9 to separate from the bottom tube 1, the gate plate 17 moves down, thereby sealing the inside of the square tube 14, thereby preventing the oil and gas from flowing out through the square tube 14.

[0040] Furthermore, a driving device 16 is fixedly connected to the gate plate 17, and the gate plate 17 is driven to move up and down by the driving device 16. The outside of the driving device 16 is fixedly connected to the equipment box 15, and the equipment box 15 covers the gate plate 17 and the driving device 16.

[0041] Furthermore, the sealing mechanism includes a sealing box 5 fixedly connected to one end of the diversion pipe 4, one side of the sealing box 5 is connected to the collecting box 7 through the connecting pipe 6, a sealing chamber 20 is opened inside the sealing box 5, and two gate plates 21 arranged opposite to each other are movably connected inside the sealing chamber 20. When the dynamic pressure of oil and gas in the bottom pipe 1 is large, the gate plate 17 closes the square tube 14, especially flows out through the top of the bottom pipe 1 to the diversion box 3, and is diverted through multiple diversion pipes 4. At this time, if the oil and gas need to be sealed, the gate plate 21 can be moved oppositely to perform sealing between the diversion pipe 4 and the connecting pipe 6.

[0042] Furthermore, each gate plate 21 is fixedly connected to a driving device 2 19 , which is fixedly connected to the sealing box 5 , and drives the gate plate 21 to move in opposite or reverse directions through the driving device 2 19 .

[0043] Furthermore, the collecting box 7 is located on the top of the diversion box 3 , and the diversion box 3 and the collecting box 7 are fixedly connected via a support column 18 .

[0044] The driving device 1 16 and the driving device 2 19 are both existing technologies and can be pneumatically driven, electrically driven, etc.

[0045] The following is a detailed description of the working principle of the blowout preventer used in submarine oil and gas development.

[0046] like Figure 1-7 As shown, first, oil and gas flow into the diversion box 3 through the bottom pipe 1. When the dynamic pressure of oil and gas is small, the sealing plug 10 will be pushed up along the slide bar 9 to the diversion groove 12. The oil and gas can flow out to the square tube 14 through the diversion groove 12, and finally converge into the collection box 7 and flow out through the top pipe 2. When the pressure sensor 13 detects that the dynamic pressure of oil and gas is large, the gate plate 17 is first driven downward by the driving device 16 to seal the square tube 14. At this time, the sealing plug 10 moves up to the outside of the bottom pipe 1. At this time, the oil and gas flow into the diversion box 3 through the bottom pipe 1 and are diverted to the diversion pipe 4. At this time, the gate plate 21 can be driven by the driving device 2 19 to seal each diversion pipe 4.

Claims

1. A blowout preventer for submarine oil and gas production, comprising a bottom pipe (1), one end of which extends into a submarine oil and gas production well, characterized in that: The top end of the bottom tube (1) is fixedly connected to a diversion box (3), and the top end of the bottom tube (1) extends to the interior of the diversion box (3); A diversion mechanism for diverting flow according to the difference in oil and gas dynamic pressure is provided inside one end of the bottom pipe (1) located inside the diversion box (3); The oil and gas separated by the flow dividing mechanism are gathered and connected to a collection box (7), and a top pipe (2) is fixedly connected to the collection box (7); A plurality of diversion tubes (4) are fixedly connected to the diversion box (3), and the inner diameter of each diversion tube (4) is larger than the inner diameter of the bottom tube (1). When the oil and gas pressure is relatively high, the oil and gas are diverted to the diversion tube (4) through the action of the diversion mechanism, and each diversion tube (4) is provided with a sealing mechanism.

2. The blowout preventer for submarine oil and gas production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diversion mechanism comprises a fixing frame (8) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bottom tube (1), a sliding rod (9) fixedly connected to the fixing frame (8), one end of the sliding rod (9) fixedly connected to the top of the inner cavity of the diversion box (3), a sealing plug (10) movably connected to the outer surface of the sliding rod (9), the sealing plug (10) movably connected to the inner wall of the bottom tube (1), a plurality of diversion grooves (12) are opened at one end of the bottom tube (1) located inside the diversion box (3), and a square tube (14) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of each bottom tube (1) at the diversion groove (12), and one end of the square tube (14) extending to the outside of the diversion box (3) is connected to the inside of the collection box (7).

3. The blowout preventer for submarine oil and gas production according to claim 2, characterized in that: A spring (11) is sleeved on the outer surface of the slide bar (9). When the dynamic pressure generated by the oil and gas pushes the sealing plug (10) to slide up along the slide bar (9) to the diversion groove (12), the oil and gas flow into the square tube (14) through the diversion groove (12). When the dynamic pressure generated by the oil and gas is large, the sealing plug (10) is pushed up to the outside of the bottom tube (1), and the oil and gas flows out through the top of the bottom tube (1) and is diverted to the diversion tube (4).

4. The blowout preventer for submarine oil and gas production according to claim 3, characterized in that: A pressure sensor (13) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sealing plug (10).

5. The blowout preventer for submarine oil and gas production according to claim 4, characterized in that: A gate plate 1 (17) is movably connected to the inner wall of the square tube (14). The gate plate 1 (17) can move up and down along the square tube (14). When the oil and gas dynamic pressure is large, the gate plate 1 (17) moves down to produce a blocking effect on the square tube (14). When the oil and gas dynamic pressure is small, the gate plate 1 (17) keeps moving up and the oil and gas flows out through the square tube (14).

6. The blowout preventer for submarine oil and gas production according to claim 5, characterized in that: The gate plate 1 (17) is fixedly connected to a driving device 1 (16), and the gate plate 1 (17) is driven by the driving device 1 (16) to move up and down. The outside of the driving device 1 (16) is fixedly connected to a device box (15), and the device box (15) covers the gate plate 1 (17) and the driving device 1 (16).

7. The blowout preventer for submarine oil and gas production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing mechanism comprises a sealing box (5) fixedly connected to one end of the diversion pipe (4); one side of the sealing box (5) is connected to the collecting box (7) via a connecting pipe (6); a sealing cavity (20) is provided inside the sealing box (5); and two gate plates (21) arranged opposite to each other are movably connected inside the sealing cavity (20).

8. The blowout preventer for submarine oil and gas production according to claim 7, characterized in that: Each gate plate 2 (21) is fixedly connected to a driving device 2 (19), which is fixedly connected to the sealing box (5) and drives the gate plate 2 (21) to move in the opposite or reverse direction through the driving device 2 (19).

9. The blowout preventer for submarine oil and gas production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collecting box (7) is located on the top of the diversion box (3), and the diversion box (3) and the collecting box (7) are fixedly connected via a support column (18).

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