Cylinder wall high-temperature kerosene heating and dynamic temperature control system for rotor engine and temperature control method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a cylinder wall high-temperature kerosene heating and dynamic temperature control system for a rotor engine and a temperature control method thereof. One end of the oil supply pipeline is connected with the oil tank, the other end of the oil supply pipeline is connected with the oil pump, the output end of the oil pump is connected to the oil injector, and after being pressurized, the kerosene is output to the oil injector through the first output end and sent to a rotor engine combustion chamber; the second output end of the oil pump is connected to one end of the heat exchange channel of the rotor engine through the heat exchange oil return pipeline, the heat exchange oil return pipeline is connected to the oil tank, and the heat exchange oil return channel electromagnetic valve is arranged on the heat exchange oil return pipeline; the second output end of the oil pump is connected to the oil tank through the non-heat-exchange oil return pipeline, and the non-heat-exchange oil return channel electromagnetic valve is arranged on the non-heat-exchange oil return pipeline. And the ECU controls the opening and closing states of the heat exchange oil return channel electromagnetic valve and the non-heat exchange oil return channel electromagnetic valve according to the kerosene temperature. The fuel oil temperature is dynamically controlled by adjusting the oil return path and the flow proportion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of triangular rotor engines and relates to a fuel heating system for small and medium-sized triangular rotor engines, and in particular to a high-temperature heating kerosene and dynamic temperature control system for a cylinder wall of a rotary engine and a temperature control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The triangular rotor engine is an internal combustion engine with a unique geometry and motion mechanism. Compared to traditional reciprocating piston engines, it is structurally simpler, smaller, and lighter, and boasts excellent high-speed operation. Furthermore, it operates with low noise and vibration, and boasts a high power-to-weight ratio. These advantages have led to its widespread application in various fields. Due to its high power-to-weight ratio, compact size, and lightweight, the triangular rotor engine is widely used in equipment such as drones, increasing payload capacity while significantly reducing overall weight and volume, thereby improving concealment and enhancing the effectiveness of military reconnaissance.

[0003] With the promotion of a single fuel strategy, specialized vehicles will need to adopt a unified fuel with low volatility to meet the needs of various vehicles and equipment. This strategy aims to maximize the fuel's compatibility with various engines, improve safety, and reduce the pressure of logistical supply. Currently, diesel is the most common fuel, mainly suitable for land engines, but not for aircraft engines. In contrast, aviation kerosene has a higher calorific value and better stability, making it easier to store and carry, and safer. Therefore, aviation kerosene shows great application potential in the field of unmanned aerial vehicles, especially in aviation equipment that requires efficient and reliable fuel, showing its irreplaceable advantages.

[0004] Jet fuel has a higher viscosity than gasoline and poor low-temperature fluidity, resulting in poorer atomization than gasoline, which impacts engine combustion and can even cause engine starting difficulties. Furthermore, kerosene's low octane rating and auto-ignition temperature result in slow flame propagation, rough combustion, and a tendency toward detonation. Therefore, achieving optimal atomization of kerosene while minimizing detonation has become a pressing challenge. Kerosene's high viscosity at low temperatures makes it difficult to form fine atomized droplets during injection, which in turn impacts combustion efficiency and engine performance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem that the existing small and medium-sized kerosene triangular rotary engines have poor low-temperature fluidity of kerosene, resulting in poor atomization, difficult evaporation, low combustion efficiency, and cannot meet the use requirements. A high-temperature heating kerosene and dynamic temperature control system for the cylinder wall of the rotary engine and a temperature control method thereof are provided.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is: a high-temperature heating kerosene and dynamic temperature control system for the cylinder wall of a rotary engine, characterized in that it includes: an ECU, an oil pump, an oil supply pipeline, a heat exchange oil return pipeline, a heat exchange oil return channel solenoid valve, a non-heat exchange oil return pipeline, a heat exchange channel, and a fuel tank temperature sensor;

[0007] One end of the oil supply pipe is connected to the oil outlet of the oil tank and the other end is connected to the inlet of the oil pump. The first output end of the oil pump is connected to the injector. The oil pump pressurizes the kerosene, and part of the kerosene is output to the injector through the first output end. The injector delivers the pressurized kerosene to the combustion chamber of the rotary engine.

[0008] The first section of the heat exchange oil return pipe connects the second output end of the oil pump to one end of the heat exchange channel of the rotary engine, and the other end of the heat exchange channel is connected to the first inlet of the fuel tank through the second section of the heat exchange oil return pipe. The heat exchange oil return channel solenoid valve is provided on the first section of the heat exchange oil return pipe;

[0009] An outlet is provided between the second output end of the oil pump and the solenoid valve of the heat exchange oil return channel in the first section of the heat exchange oil return pipeline, and the non-heat exchange oil return pipeline connects the outlet and the second inlet of the oil tank in a bypass branch manner; a non-heat exchange oil return channel solenoid valve is provided on the heat exchange oil return pipeline;

[0010] Another part of the kerosene pressurized by the oil pump enters the heat exchange oil return pipe and the non-heat exchange oil return pipe;

[0011] The heat exchange channel is arranged in the cylinder wall of the rotary engine;

[0012] The fuel tank temperature sensor is arranged in the fuel tank, and is used to detect the kerosene temperature in the fuel tank and transmit the kerosene temperature data to the ECU;

[0013] The ECU controls the opening and closing degrees of the solenoid valve of the heat exchange oil return channel and the solenoid valve of the non-heat exchange oil return channel according to the kerosene temperature to control the kerosene flow in the heat exchange oil return channel and the non-heat exchange oil return channel, so that the fuel temperature in the fuel tank is within a safe range.

[0014] In one embodiment, the ECU controls the opening and closing degrees of the solenoid valve of the heat exchange oil return channel and the solenoid valve of the non-heat exchange oil return channel according to the kerosene temperature in the fuel tank, so as to control the kerosene flow in the heat exchange oil return channel and the non-heat exchange oil return channel. The specific method is as follows:

[0015] When the kerosene temperature in the fuel tank is lower than the set threshold, the ECU controls the opening degree of the solenoid valve of the heat exchange oil return pipeline to increase so that the kerosene flow rate of the heat exchange oil return pipeline increases, and controls the opening degree of the solenoid valve of the non-heat exchange oil return pipeline to decrease so that the kerosene flow rate of the non-heat exchange oil return pipeline decreases;

[0016] When the kerosene temperature in the fuel tank is greater than or equal to the set threshold, the ECU controls the opening degree of the solenoid valve of the heat exchange return oil pipeline to decrease, thereby reducing the kerosene flow in the heat exchange return oil pipeline, and controls the opening degree of the solenoid valve of the non-heat exchange return oil pipeline to increase, thereby increasing the kerosene flow in the non-heat exchange return oil pipeline.

[0017] In one embodiment, the heat exchange channel is a meander-shaped structure.

[0018] In one embodiment, it further includes a fuel filter, which is arranged on the oil supply pipeline between the oil pump outlet and the fuel injector.

[0019] In one embodiment, the oil supply pipeline is made of a material that is resistant to high temperature and oil corrosion.

[0020] In one embodiment, the heat exchange oil return channel is made of a high temperature resistant alloy material and has an anti-coking coating.

[0021] In one embodiment, the non-heat exchange oil return pipeline is made of high temperature resistant material.

[0022] In one embodiment, the installation position of the fuel tank temperature sensor is the kerosene filling inlet of the fuel tank, the return oil inlet between the heat exchange oil return pipe and the fuel tank, or the return oil inlet between the non-heat exchange oil return pipe and the fuel tank.

[0023] A temperature control method based on high-temperature heating kerosene for the cylinder wall of a rotary engine and a dynamic temperature control system, comprising:

[0024] When the kerosene temperature is lower than the threshold, the ECU controls the opening degree of the solenoid valve of the heat exchange oil return pipeline to increase so that the kerosene flow rate of the heat exchange oil return pipeline increases, and controls the opening degree of the solenoid valve of the non-heat exchange oil return pipeline to decrease so that the kerosene flow rate of the non-heat exchange oil return pipeline decreases;

[0025] When the kerosene temperature is greater than or equal to the threshold, the ECU controls the opening degree of the solenoid valve of the heat exchange return oil pipeline to decrease, thereby reducing the kerosene flow in the heat exchange return oil pipeline, and increases the opening degree of the solenoid valve of the non-heat exchange return oil pipeline to increase the kerosene flow in the non-heat exchange return oil pipeline.

[0026] The advantages of the present invention compared with the prior art are:

[0027] (1) The present invention discloses a system for heating kerosene using waste heat from the cylinder wall of a rotary engine and a dynamic temperature control system, which can improve the problem of high low-temperature viscosity of kerosene. Kerosene has high viscosity in low-temperature environments, which makes it difficult to form fine atomized droplets during injection, affecting combustion efficiency. The present invention preheats the kerosene using the high-temperature waste heat from the cylinder wall of the rotary engine, significantly reducing the viscosity of the kerosene, making it easier to form fine atomized droplets during injection, and improving the atomization effect of the fuel.

[0028] (2) The present invention discloses a cylinder wall waste heat kerosene heating and dynamic temperature control system for a rotary engine, which improves fuel atomization and vaporization efficiency. After the preheated kerosene is injected into the combustion chamber, the temperature rises, and the amount of heat required for evaporation decreases, allowing it to quickly vaporize and fully mix with air to form a uniform fuel-aerosol mixture. This optimized fuel atomization and rapid vaporization process effectively promotes the completeness and efficiency of combustion, improving the overall combustion efficiency of the engine.

[0029] (3) The present invention discloses a system for heating kerosene with residual heat from the cylinder wall and a dynamic temperature control system for a rotary engine, which can enhance the cold start performance of the engine. In low-temperature environments, conventional fuel systems are prone to cold start difficulties and carbon deposits due to the high viscosity of kerosene. The fuel preheating system of the present invention can quickly increase the temperature of the fuel in the fuel tank before the engine is started, reduce viscosity, and reduce fuel resistance and carbon deposits during cold starts, ensuring that the engine can start quickly and smoothly.

[0030] (4) The present invention discloses a system for heating kerosene with waste heat from the cylinder wall of a rotary engine and a dynamic temperature control system, which can improve the stability of high-load operation. Under high-load or high-temperature conditions, the engine's demand for fuel increases. Conventional systems may cause air lock or fuel coking due to fuel overheating. The present invention uses a dynamic temperature control mechanism to monitor and adjust the fuel temperature in real time, ensuring that the fuel is always maintained within a safe temperature range (e.g., 70°C to 100°C), avoiding overheating and ensuring the stability and reliability of the engine under high-load operation.

[0031] (5) The present invention discloses a system for heating kerosene and dynamic temperature control using residual heat from the cylinder wall of a rotary engine. This system can efficiently utilize the engine's residual heat. The auxiliary heat dissipation system directs part of the fuel to the high-temperature area of ​​the cylinder wall through the oil return pipe for waste heat exchange. This not only achieves efficient preheating of the fuel, but also partially utilizes the fuel to absorb the residual heat from the cylinder wall, thus serving as an auxiliary heat dissipation mechanism. This dual waste heat utilization design not only improves fuel efficiency, but also slightly reduces the thermal load on the engine cylinder wall, thereby extending the service life of related components.

[0032] (6) The present invention discloses a system for heating kerosene with residual heat from the cylinder wall of a rotary engine and a dynamic temperature control system, which can dynamically stabilize the fuel temperature and ensure system safety. The fuel tank temperature sensor equipped in the present invention is linked to the electronic control ECU, which can automatically adjust the oil return path and flow ratio based on real-time temperature data, dynamically maintaining the fuel temperature within a set safety range. This intelligent temperature control mechanism not only optimizes the heating effect of the fuel, but also effectively prevents the fuel from coking or vapor lock due to overheating, thereby improving the safety and durability of the system.

[0033] (7) The present invention discloses a cylinder wall waste heat kerosene heating and dynamic temperature control system for a rotary engine. The system design requires minimal modification to the main engine structure, requiring only the addition of components such as an oil return pipe and a heat exchange channel to the existing oil supply system. The overall structure is compact and easy to integrate and install. Furthermore, the various system components, such as the solenoid valve, temperature sensor, and fuel filter, are standardized, facilitating routine maintenance and replacement, thereby reducing maintenance costs and complexity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 This is a diagram showing the structure and working principle of a cylinder wall waste heat kerosene heating and dynamic temperature control system for a rotary engine disclosed in this embodiment.

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the heat exchange channel structure of a rotary engine cylinder wall waste heat heating kerosene and dynamic temperature control system disclosed in this embodiment.

[0036] Among them: 1-intake duct; 2-cylinder; 3-rotor; 4-combustion chamber; 5-injector; 6-heat exchange channel; 7-heat exchange oil return channel solenoid valve; 8-heat exchange oil return channel; 9-non-heat exchange oil return channel solenoid valve; 10-non-heat exchange oil return channel; 11-fuel tank; 12-fuel pump; 13-fuel tank temperature sensor; 14-ECU. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The present invention provides a system and method for dynamically controlling the high-temperature heating of kerosene in the cylinder wall of a rotary engine. The system provides a heat exchange channel within the high-temperature zone of the rotary engine. Kerosene is transported through three pipelines: a supply pipeline, a heat exchange return pipeline, and a non-heat exchange return pipeline. A pump draws kerosene from the fuel tank, with a portion entering the supply pipeline and then entering the rotary engine combustion chamber through an injector. When the fuel tank temperature falls below a threshold, the solenoid valve in the heat exchange return pipeline opens, while the solenoid valve in the non-heat exchange return pipeline closes. The return kerosene passes through the heat exchange return pipeline into the heat exchange channel, where it is heated and ultimately returns to the fuel tank, raising the overall kerosene temperature. When the fuel tank temperature exceeds the threshold, the solenoid valve in the heat exchange return pipeline closes, while the solenoid valve in the non-heat exchange return pipeline opens. The return kerosene returns to the fuel tank through the non-heat exchange return pipeline. A temperature sensor is installed within the fuel tank and, in conjunction with the solenoid valve, controls the transport channel through which the return kerosene passes, enabling real-time adjustment of whether return heating is performed, thereby dynamically maintaining the fuel temperature within a safe range. This system can not only significantly improve kerosene atomization and combustion efficiency, enhance the engine's cold start and high-load performance, but also partially utilize the waste heat from the cylinder wall for auxiliary heat dissipation.

[0038] See also Figure 1-2The present invention provides a high-temperature kerosene heating and dynamic temperature control system for a rotary engine cylinder wall, which includes: a rotary engine, an ECU 14, an oil pump 12, an oil supply pipeline, a heat exchange oil return pipeline 8, a non-heat exchange oil return pipeline 10, a heat exchange channel 6, and a fuel tank temperature sensor 13.

[0039] The ECU is electrically connected to the heat exchange oil return channel solenoid valve 7 , the non-heat exchange oil return channel solenoid valve 9 , and the fuel tank temperature sensor 13 , respectively.

[0040] The fuel tank temperature sensor 13 is disposed in the fuel tank 11 and is used to detect the temperature of the kerosene in the fuel tank 11 and transmit the kerosene temperature data to the ECU 14 .

[0041] One end of the oil supply pipeline is connected to the oil tank 11, and the other end is connected to the oil pump 12. The output end of the oil pump 12 is connected to the injector 5. The oil pump 12 pressurizes the kerosene and outputs it to the injector 5 through the first output end. The injector 5 delivers the pressurized kerosene to the rotary engine combustion chamber 4.

[0042] The heat exchange oil return pipe 8 connects the second output end of the oil pump 12 to one end of the heat exchange channel 6 of the rotary engine, and the other end of the heat exchange channel 6 is connected to the oil tank 11 through the heat exchange oil return pipe 8. The heat exchange oil return channel solenoid valve 7 is set on the heat exchange oil return pipe 8.

[0043] The non-heat-exchange oil return pipe 10 connects the second output end of the oil pump 12 to the oil tank 11 , and the non-heat-exchange oil return channel solenoid valve 9 is disposed on the non-heat-exchange oil return pipe 10 .

[0044] The ECU 14 controls the opening and closing states of the heat exchange oil return passage solenoid valve 7 and the non-heat exchange oil return passage solenoid valve 9 according to the kerosene temperature.

[0045] When the kerosene temperature is lower than the threshold, the ECU 14 controls the heat exchange oil return pipe solenoid valve 7 to open and the non-heat exchange oil return pipe solenoid valve 9 to close.

[0046] When the kerosene temperature is greater than or equal to the threshold, the ECU 14 controls the heat exchange oil return pipeline solenoid valve 7 to close and the non-heat exchange oil return pipeline solenoid valve 9 to open.

[0047] The ECU described is installed within the engine control module and is responsible for controlling the operation of the rotary engine. It receives temperature signals from the fuel tank temperature sensor and controls the opening and closing states of the solenoid valves in the heat exchange return and non-heat exchange return lines based on preset temperature thresholds. When the fuel tank temperature falls below a set value, the ECU signals the heat exchange return solenoid valve to open and the non-heat exchange return solenoid valve to close, allowing the kerosene to flow through the heat exchange channel for heating. When the fuel tank temperature reaches or exceeds the set value, the ECU signals the heat exchange return solenoid valve to close and the non-heat exchange return solenoid valve to open, bypassing the heat exchange channel and returning the kerosene directly to the tank. Precise control by the electronically controlled ECU achieves dynamic fuel temperature stabilization, ensuring efficient and safe system operation under various operating conditions.

[0048] The described fuel pump, controlled by the electronic control unit (ECU), draws kerosene from the fuel tank and provides the required pressurized flow. The pump distributes the kerosene to supply and return lines. A portion of the kerosene enters the injectors through the supply line, where the pressure is maintained at 3 bar. Excess kerosene flows through a heat exchange return line directly connected to the pump, or a non-heat exchange return line directly connected to the pump, through a heat exchange channel or directly back to the fuel tank. The pump's flow and pressure must be designed to meet the engine's fuel supply requirements under varying operating conditions. The pump also coordinates with the ECU to dynamically adjust the fuel flow rate to ensure stable system operation.

[0049] The fuel supply line described above connects the fuel pump output to the fuel injector, delivering pressurized kerosene directly to the engine's combustion chamber. The supply line is constructed of high-temperature and oil-corrosion-resistant materials to prevent fuel leakage and degradation under high-temperature operating conditions. The design of the supply line must ensure smooth fuel flow and minimize pressure drop. Furthermore, the interface with the fuel injector must maintain a tight seal to prevent contamination or degradation of the fuel during the supply process.

[0050] The heat exchange return oil pipeline described connects the oil pump to the heat exchange channel, directing some of the kerosene to the high-temperature heat exchange area for waste heat exchange. The pipeline's interior is constructed of high-temperature resistant alloys and an anti-coking coating, ensuring the kerosene resists coking and deposits in high-temperature environments. The flow rate and cross-sectional area of ​​the heat exchange return oil pipeline are designed to ensure effective heating of the kerosene in the high-temperature zone. A solenoid valve controls the channel's dynamic opening and closing, ensuring the fuel temperature remains within a safe range.

[0051] The non-heat exchange return line described above is a bypass branch of the heat exchange return line, connecting the oil pump to the fuel tank. It is responsible for bypassing the heat exchange channel and returning the kerosene directly to the tank when the tank temperature reaches or exceeds a set threshold. The non-heat exchange return line's design ensures that the fuel is not further heated within the heat exchange channel under high-temperature conditions, preventing overheating that could cause coking or vapor lock. This line is also constructed of high-temperature-resistant materials, ensuring system safety and reliability under various operating conditions.

[0052] The heat exchange channel described above is located in the high-temperature zone of the rotary engine. Its zigzag design increases the contact area between the fuel and the cylinder wall, improving heat exchange efficiency. The interior of the heat exchange channel is constructed of high-temperature resistant alloys or coated with an anti-coking coating to ensure stable fuel flow in high-temperature environments and reduce coking deposits. The heat exchange channel's circular cross-section optimizes fluid flow and heat transfer, achieving efficient fuel heating.

[0053] The described fuel tank is equipped with a high-precision temperature sensor to monitor the kerosene temperature in real time. The temperature sensor data is transmitted to the control module via the electronic control unit (ECU) and serves as the basis for dynamically adjusting the fuel return path and flow rate. The temperature sensor should be installed at the fuel tank inlet or at the end of the fuel return line to ensure accurate measurement of the overall fuel temperature. The temperature sensor's precise measurement enables the system to promptly respond to changes in fuel temperature, ensuring that the fuel temperature remains within a safe range.

[0054] The solenoid valve for the heat exchange oil return channel described above controls the opening and closing of the heat exchange oil return line. The solenoid valve is precisely operated by the electronic control unit (ECU) based on feedback from the fuel tank temperature sensor. When the system detects that the fuel tank temperature is below a set threshold, the solenoid valve automatically opens the heat exchange oil return line and closes the non-heat exchange oil return line. Conversely, when the fuel tank temperature reaches or exceeds the threshold, the solenoid valve closes the heat exchange oil return line and opens the non-heat exchange oil return line. This automated control ensures that the fuel temperature is always maintained within a predetermined safety range, optimizing fuel heating efficiency and preventing system overheating.

[0055] The solenoid valve for the non-heat exchange oil return channel described above controls the opening and closing of the non-heat exchange oil return line. The solenoid valve is precisely operated by the electronic control unit (ECU) based on feedback from the fuel tank temperature sensor. When the system detects that the fuel tank temperature is below a set threshold, the solenoid valve automatically opens the heat exchange oil return line and closes the non-heat exchange oil return line. Conversely, when the fuel tank temperature reaches or exceeds the threshold, the solenoid valve closes the heat exchange oil return line and opens the non-heat exchange oil return line. This automated control ensures that the fuel temperature is always maintained within a predetermined safety range, optimizing fuel heating efficiency and preventing system overheating.

[0056] The present invention discloses a method for using a cylinder wall waste heat kerosene heating and dynamic temperature control system for a rotary engine as follows: a triangular rotor with a combustion chamber recess performs complex planetary motion in the engine cylinder, and the path swept by the three vertex angles is the engine cylinder profile. The cylinder is a fixed part that does not participate in the complex rotational motion in small and medium-sized kerosene triangular rotor engines. The cylinder and the triangular rotor radially divide the internal space of the engine cylinder into three independent working chambers. Each working chamber independently completes the four strokes of intake, compression, expansion work, and exhaust. As the triangular rotor rotates, the volume of the working chamber changes continuously. When the volume of the working chamber reaches the minimum, it is said that the working chamber has reached the top dead center of compression, and the working chamber is called a combustion chamber.

[0057] The heat exchange duct is located in the high-temperature zone of the rotary engine, ensuring close contact between the heat exchange channel and the cylinder wall to maximize heat exchange efficiency. The system includes key components such as the fuel supply duct, heat exchange return duct, non-heat exchange return duct, fuel pump, fuel filter, fuel tank temperature sensor, electronic control unit (ECU), and solenoid valve. Before starting the engine, ensure that there is sufficient and qualified kerosene in the fuel tank and check that all pipe connections are secure to prevent leaks. After the engine starts, the fuel pump begins operating, drawing kerosene from the tank and distributing it to the supply and return ducts. Some kerosene is pressurized through the supply duct and delivered to the injectors for normal combustion in the combustion chamber. Other kerosene flows through the heat exchange duct located in the high-temperature zone of the cylinder wall through the heat exchange duct, absorbing excess heat from the cylinder wall before returning to the fuel tank, thereby raising the overall fuel temperature in the tank. Furthermore, the non-heat exchange return duct serves as a bypass. When the fuel tank temperature reaches or exceeds a set threshold, it bypasses the heat exchange duct and returns the fuel directly to the tank, preventing overheating. The temperature sensor installed in the fuel tank monitors the fuel temperature in real time and transmits the data to the electronic control ECU.

[0058] Based on sensor feedback, the ECU controls the opening and closing of the solenoid valves in the heat exchange return line and the non-heat exchange return line. When the fuel tank temperature falls below a set lower limit (e.g., 70°C), the ECU opens the heat exchange return line solenoid valve and closes the non-heat exchange return line solenoid valve, allowing more fuel to flow through the heat exchange channel for heating. When the fuel tank temperature reaches or exceeds a set upper limit (e.g., 100°C), the ECU closes the heat exchange return line solenoid valve and opens the non-heat exchange return line solenoid valve, bypassing the heat exchange channel and returning the fuel directly to the tank, ensuring the fuel temperature remains within a safe range. The fuel filter, located between the fuel supply line and the injector, is responsible for filtering impurities and particulates from the fuel, ensuring the fuel received by the injector is pure and preventing injector clogging or damage. Through precise control by the electronic control ECU, the entire system achieves dynamic fuel temperature stabilization, preventing fuel coking or vapor lock due to overheating, and improving fuel atomization and combustion efficiency. The preheated fuel's viscosity decreases, making it easier to form fine atomized droplets during injection. These droplets quickly vaporize and mix thoroughly with the air, promoting a more thorough and efficient combustion process, improving the engine's overall combustion efficiency and power output. Furthermore, by utilizing waste heat from the cylinder walls to heat the fuel, the system partially reduces the thermal load on the engine cylinder walls and extends the service life of related components. The system's compact design requires minimal modifications to the engine's main structure, making it easy to install and maintain. It is suitable for a variety of applications, including drone power systems and small aircraft rotary engines.

[0059] In one embodiment, a triangular rotor with a combustion chamber recess performs a complex planetary motion in the engine cylinder, and the path swept by the three vertex angles is the engine cylinder profile. The cylinder is a fixed component in a small or medium-sized kerosene triangular rotor engine that does not participate in the complex rotational motion. The cylinder and the triangular rotor radially divide the internal space of the engine cylinder into three independent working chambers. Each working chamber independently completes the four strokes of intake, compression, expansion, and exhaust. As the triangular rotor rotates, the volume of the working chamber continuously changes. When the volume of the working chamber reaches its minimum, it is said to have reached the compression top dead center, and the working chamber is called a combustion chamber.

[0060] The primary heat exchange duct is located in the high-temperature zone at top dead center (TDC) of the rotary engine, ensuring close contact between the heat exchange channel and the cylinder wall for maximum heat exchange efficiency. The system includes key components such as the fuel supply duct, heat exchange return duct, non-heat exchange return duct, fuel pump, fuel filter, fuel tank temperature sensor, electronic control unit (ECU), and solenoid valve. Before starting the engine, ensure sufficient and qualified kerosene is in the fuel tank and all pipe connections are secure to prevent leaks. After the engine starts, the fuel pump begins operating, drawing kerosene from the tank and distributing it to the supply and return ducts. Some kerosene is pressurized through the supply duct and delivered to the injectors for combustion in the combustion chamber. Other kerosene flows through the heat exchange return duct, through the heat exchange duct located in the high-temperature zone of the cylinder wall, absorbing excess heat from the cylinder wall before returning to the fuel tank, thereby raising the overall fuel temperature in the tank. Furthermore, the non-heat exchange return duct serves as a bypass. When the fuel tank temperature reaches or exceeds a set threshold, it bypasses the heat exchange duct and returns the fuel directly to the tank, preventing overheating. The temperature sensor installed in the fuel tank monitors the fuel temperature in real time and transmits the data to the electronic control ECU.

[0061] Based on sensor feedback, the ECU controls the opening and closing of the solenoid valves in the heat exchanger and non-heat exchanger return lines. When the fuel tank temperature falls below a set lower limit (e.g., 70°C), the ECU opens the heat exchanger return line solenoid valve and closes the non-heat exchanger return line solenoid valve, allowing more fuel to flow through the heat exchanger channel for heating. When the fuel tank temperature reaches or exceeds a set upper limit (e.g., 100°C), the ECU closes the heat exchanger return line solenoid valve and opens the non-heat exchanger return line solenoid valve, bypassing the heat exchanger channel and returning the fuel directly to the tank, ensuring the fuel temperature remains within a safe range. The fuel filter, located between the fuel supply line and the injector, filters impurities and particulates from the fuel, ensuring the fuel received by the injector is pure and preventing injector clogging or damage. Furthermore, the system design includes an optional auxiliary radiator. If the fuel tank temperature rises abnormally, the auxiliary radiator automatically activates to further reduce the fuel temperature through air or liquid cooling, enhancing system safety and stability. The entire system achieves dynamic stabilization of fuel temperature through precise control by the electronic control ECU, preventing fuel from coking or vapor blockage due to overheating, and improving fuel atomization and combustion efficiency. The viscosity of the preheated fuel is reduced, making it easier to form fine atomized droplets during injection, which quickly vaporize and fully mix with the air, promoting a more thorough and efficient combustion process, and improving the overall combustion efficiency and power output of the engine. At the same time, the system partially reduces the thermal load on the engine cylinder wall by utilizing the waste heat from the cylinder wall to heat the fuel, extending the service life of related components. The system has a compact structure, with minimal changes to the main engine structure, making it easy to install and maintain. It is suitable for a variety of application scenarios such as drone power systems and small aviation rotor engines.

[0062] The disclosed dual-injection system for a small- to medium-sized kerosene triangular rotor engine is applicable to aviation kerosene rotary engines used on small aircraft platforms. The engine has a power greater than 5 kW and a maximum outer diameter of 150 mm or less. Experimental and simulation analysis have shown that compared with similarly designed small- to medium-sized kerosene triangular rotor engines, the dual-injection system can reduce the overall volume of a kerosene rotary engine by approximately 30% while maintaining the same power output. The weight of accessories is only one-fifth of that of conventional accessories. Furthermore, the system achieves excellent atomization, ensures reliable ignition, avoids detonation, improves fuel efficiency, and reduces emissions.

[0063] The present invention provides a heat exchange channel at the top dead center of the rotary engine for heating kerosene in the heat exchange oil return pipe; the oil supply system draws kerosene from the fuel tank through an oil pump, and after the kerosene is filtered by a fuel filter, a portion of the kerosene enters the oil supply pipe and enters the rotary engine combustion chamber through an injector;

[0064] When the fuel tank temperature is lower than the threshold, the solenoid valve of the heat exchange oil return pipe opens, and the solenoid valve of the non-heat exchange oil return pipe closes. The return kerosene enters the heat exchange channel through the non-heat exchange oil return pipe and is heated, and finally returns to the fuel tank to increase the overall kerosene temperature in the tank;

[0065] When the fuel tank temperature exceeds a threshold, the solenoid valve in the heat exchange return line closes, while the solenoid valve in the non-heat exchange return line opens, allowing the return kerosene to return to the tank through the non-heat exchange return line. A temperature sensor installed within the tank, in conjunction with the solenoid valve, controls the return kerosene's transport path, enabling real-time adjustments to whether to heat the return fuel, dynamically maintaining the fuel temperature within a safe range.

[0066] This system not only significantly improves kerosene atomization and combustion efficiency, enhancing engine cold start and high-load performance, but also partially utilizes waste heat from the cylinder wall for auxiliary heat dissipation. Its compact structure, minimal engine modifications, and easy installation and maintenance make it suitable for a variety of applications, including UAV propulsion and small aircraft rotary engines.

[0067] A dedicated heat exchange channel is located in the rotary engine's top dead center high-temperature zone, utilizing the high-temperature area of ​​the cylinder wall to efficiently heat the kerosene. The channel's zigzag design increases the contact area between the fuel and the cylinder wall, thereby improving heat exchange efficiency. The channel's interior is constructed of a high-temperature resistant alloy and coated with an anti-coking coating, ensuring the fuel resists coking in high-temperature environments and extending system life.

[0068] In one embodiment, the system design includes three independent fuel transport pathways: a supply line, a heat exchange return line, and a non-heat exchange return line. The supply line delivers fuel directly to the injectors for normal engine operation. The heat exchange return line directs a portion of the fuel to the high-temperature heat exchange channel, where it absorbs heat from the cylinder walls and then flows back to the fuel tank, raising the overall fuel temperature in the tank. The non-heat exchange return line activates when the fuel tank temperature reaches or exceeds a set threshold, bypassing the heat exchange channel and returning the fuel directly to the tank to prevent overheating.

[0069] In one embodiment, a solenoid valve for the heat exchange return oil pipeline and a solenoid valve for the non-heat exchange return oil pipeline are installed, and a temperature sensor monitors the fuel temperature in the fuel tank in real time. When the fuel tank temperature falls below a set threshold, the system automatically opens the solenoid valve for the heat exchange return oil pipeline and closes the solenoid valve for the non-heat exchange return oil pipeline, allowing the fuel to be heated through the heat exchange channel and then flow back to the fuel tank. When the fuel tank temperature reaches or exceeds the threshold, the system automatically closes the solenoid valve for the heat exchange return oil pipeline and opens the solenoid valve for the non-heat exchange return oil pipeline, bypassing the heat exchange channel and directly returning the fuel, ensuring that the fuel temperature remains dynamically stable within a safe range.

[0070] In one embodiment, to prevent fuel from overheating and causing coking or vapor lock during heating, the present invention utilizes high-temperature-resistant and anti-coking materials and coatings on the inner walls of the heat exchange channels, ensuring that the fuel is not easily decomposed at high temperatures. Furthermore, the system incorporates a bypass mechanism that automatically adjusts the oil return path when the fuel temperature is abnormal, preventing overheating or vaporization.

[0071] The above specific description provides a detailed description of the purpose, technical devices and beneficial effects of the invention. It should be understood that the above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, which is used to explain the present invention and is not used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-temperature heating kerosene and dynamic temperature control system for the cylinder wall of a rotary engine, characterized in that: It includes: ECU (14), oil pump (12), oil supply pipeline, heat exchange oil return pipeline (8), heat exchange oil return channel solenoid valve (7), non-heat exchange oil return pipeline (10), heat exchange channel (6), oil tank temperature sensor (13); One end of the oil supply pipeline is connected to the oil outlet of the oil tank (11), and the other end is connected to the inlet of the oil pump (12). The first output end of the oil pump (12) is connected to the injector (5). The oil pump (12) pressurizes the kerosene, and part of the kerosene is output to the injector (5) through the first output end. The injector (5) delivers the pressurized kerosene to the combustion chamber (4) of the rotary engine. The first section of the heat exchange oil return pipe (8) connects the second output end of the oil pump (12) to one end of the heat exchange channel (6) of the rotary engine, and the other end of the heat exchange channel (6) is connected to the first inlet of the oil tank (11) through the second section of the heat exchange oil return pipe (8). The heat exchange oil return channel solenoid valve (7) is arranged on the first section of the heat exchange oil return pipe (8); An outlet is provided between the second output end of the oil pump (12) in the first section of the heat exchange oil return pipeline (8) and the heat exchange oil return channel solenoid valve (7); the non-heat exchange oil return pipeline (10) connects the outlet to the second inlet of the oil tank (11) in a bypass branch manner; and a non-heat exchange oil return channel solenoid valve (9) is provided on the heat exchange oil return pipeline (8); Another portion of the kerosene pressurized by the oil pump (12) enters the heat exchange oil return pipe (8) and the non-heat exchange oil return pipe (10); The heat exchange channel (6) is arranged in the cylinder wall of the rotary engine; The fuel tank temperature sensor (13) is arranged in the fuel tank (11) and is used to detect the kerosene temperature in the fuel tank (11) and transmit the kerosene temperature data to the ECU (14); The ECU (14) controls the opening and closing degrees of the heat exchange oil return channel solenoid valve (7) and the non-heat exchange oil return channel solenoid valve (9) according to the kerosene temperature, so as to control the kerosene flow in the heat exchange oil return channel and the non-heat exchange oil return channel, so that the fuel temperature in the fuel tank is within a safe range.

2. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The ECU (14) controls the opening and closing degree of the heat exchange oil return channel solenoid valve (7) and the non-heat exchange oil return channel solenoid valve (9) according to the kerosene temperature in the fuel tank, so as to control the kerosene flow in the heat exchange oil return channel and the non-heat exchange oil return channel, and the specific method is as follows: When the kerosene temperature in the fuel tank is lower than a set threshold, the ECU (14) controls the opening degree of the solenoid valve (7) of the heat exchange oil return pipeline to increase so that the kerosene flow rate of the heat exchange oil return pipeline increases, and controls the opening degree of the solenoid valve (9) of the non-heat exchange oil return pipeline to decrease so that the kerosene flow rate of the non-heat exchange oil return pipeline decreases; When the kerosene temperature in the fuel tank is greater than or equal to a set threshold, the ECU (14) controls the opening degree of the solenoid valve (7) of the heat exchange oil return pipeline to decrease so as to reduce the kerosene flow rate of the heat exchange oil return pipeline, and controls the opening degree of the solenoid valve (9) of the non-heat exchange oil return pipeline to increase so as to increase the kerosene flow rate of the non-heat exchange oil return pipeline.

3. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The heat exchange channel (6) is a meander-shaped structure.

4. The system according to claim 1, wherein: It also includes a fuel filter, which is arranged on the oil supply pipeline between the outlet of the oil pump (12) and the fuel injector (5).

5. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The oil supply pipeline is made of high temperature resistant and oil corrosion resistant materials.

6. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The heat exchange oil return channel (8) is made of a high-temperature resistant alloy material and has an anti-coking coating.

7. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The non-heat exchange oil return pipeline (10) is made of high-temperature resistant material.

8. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The installation position of the oil tank temperature sensor (13) is the kerosene filling port of the oil tank (11), the return oil inlet of the heat exchange oil return pipe (8) and the oil tank (11), or the return oil inlet of the non-heat exchange oil return pipe (10) and the oil tank (11).

9. A temperature control method based on the rotary engine cylinder wall high temperature heating kerosene and dynamic temperature control system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: It includes: When the kerosene temperature is lower than a threshold value, the ECU (14) controls the opening degree of the solenoid valve (7) of the heat exchange oil return pipeline to increase so that the kerosene flow rate of the heat exchange oil return pipeline increases, and controls the opening degree of the solenoid valve (9) of the non-heat exchange oil return pipeline to decrease so that the kerosene flow rate of the non-heat exchange oil return pipeline decreases; When the kerosene temperature is greater than or equal to a threshold value, the ECU (14) controls the opening degree of the solenoid valve (7) of the heat exchange oil return pipeline to decrease so that the kerosene flow rate of the heat exchange oil return pipeline decreases, and controls the opening degree of the solenoid valve (9) of the non-heat exchange oil return pipeline to increase so that the kerosene flow rate of the non-heat exchange oil return pipeline increases.

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