Voltage transmission circuit, chip, electronic equipment and voltage transmission method

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a voltage transmission circuit, a chip, electronic equipment and a voltage transmission method, and the circuit comprises at least two voltage transmission branches which are used for obtaining a second power supply voltage based on a first power supply voltage outputted by a battery module, and outputting the second power supply voltage to a load; the different voltage transmission branches correspond to different voltage proportions, and the switch module is used for conducting the first voltage transmission branch and conducting the second voltage transmission branch when the first power supply voltage is smaller than a first voltage threshold. And under the condition that the first power supply voltage and the second power supply voltage meet the voltage proportion corresponding to the second voltage transmission branch, the first voltage transmission branch is disconnected, so that before the first power supply voltage and the second power supply voltage meet the voltage proportion corresponding to the second voltage transmission branch, it can be ensured that the first voltage transmission branch is always conducted, and the reliability of the power supply is improved. The problem of insufficient loading capacity is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present application relate to electronic circuit technology, and relate to but are not limited to a voltage transmission circuit, a chip, an electronic device, and a voltage transmission method. Background Art

[0002] To achieve portable operation, electronic devices are often equipped with battery modules to power them. However, the power supply voltage output by the battery module is usually unable to directly power the electronic device's load. Instead, a target voltage transmission branch must be used to output a supply voltage that matches the load. However, the target voltage transmission branch typically has insufficient load capacity when switching between different modes. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the voltage transmission circuit, chip, electronic device and voltage transmission method provided in the embodiments of the present application can solve the problem of insufficient load capacity of the voltage transmission branch during switching between different modes.

[0004] In a first aspect, the voltage transmission circuit provided by the embodiments of the present application includes:

[0005] a battery module, configured to output a first supply voltage;

[0006] at least two voltage transmission branches, the at least two voltage transmission branches being connected in parallel, and each voltage transmission branch being connected to the battery module and the load, respectively. When the voltage transmission branch is conductive, the voltage transmission branch is configured to obtain a second supply voltage based on the first supply voltage and output the second supply voltage to the load. Different voltage transmission branches correspond to different voltage ratios, where the voltage ratio is the ratio between the first supply voltage received by the voltage transmission branch and the second supply voltage output by the voltage transmission branch.

[0007] A switch module is connected in series with the at least two voltage transmission branches, the switch module is used to turn on the first voltage transmission branch, and turn on the second voltage transmission branch when the first supply voltage is less than a first voltage threshold, and disconnect the first voltage transmission branch when the first supply voltage and the second supply voltage meet the voltage ratio corresponding to the second voltage transmission branch; the first voltage transmission branch and the second voltage transmission branch are two of the at least two voltage transmission branches.

[0008] In a second aspect, the chip provided in an embodiment of the present application includes the voltage transmission circuit as described in the first aspect.

[0009] In a third aspect, an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application includes the voltage transmission circuit as described in the first aspect, or includes the chip as described in the second aspect.

[0010] In a fourth aspect, the voltage transmission method provided by the embodiments of the present application includes:

[0011] Controlling the switch module to turn on the first voltage transmission branch to obtain a second power supply voltage based on the first power supply voltage output by the battery module through the first voltage transmission branch, and outputting the second power supply voltage to the load;

[0012] When the first supply voltage is less than a first voltage threshold, controlling the switch module to turn on a second voltage transmission branch, where the first voltage transmission branch and the second voltage transmission branch are two of at least two voltage transmission branches, the at least two voltage transmission branches are connected in parallel, and different voltage transmission branches correspond to different voltage ratios, where the voltage ratio is a ratio between the first supply voltage received by the voltage transmission branch and the second supply voltage output by the voltage transmission branch;

[0013] When the first supply voltage and the second supply voltage satisfy a voltage ratio corresponding to the second voltage transmission branch, the switch module is controlled to disconnect the first voltage transmission branch.

[0014] The voltage transmission circuit, chip, electronic device, and voltage transmission method provided by the embodiments of the present application include a battery module, at least two voltage transmission branches, and a switch module. The at least two voltage transmission branches are connected in parallel, and each voltage transmission branch is respectively connected to the battery module and the load. The switch module is connected in series with the at least two voltage transmission branches. When the voltage transmission branch is turned on, the voltage transmission branch is used to obtain a second supply voltage based on the first supply voltage output by the battery module and output the second supply voltage to the load. Different voltage transmission branches correspond to different voltage ratios, and the voltage ratio is the ratio between the first supply voltage received by the voltage transmission branch and the second supply voltage output. The switch module is used to turn on the first voltage transmission branch, and to turn on the second voltage transmission branch when the first supply voltage is less than the first voltage threshold, and to disconnect the first voltage transmission branch when the first supply voltage and the second supply voltage meet the voltage ratio corresponding to the second voltage transmission branch. Therefore, before the first supply voltage and the second supply voltage meet the voltage ratio corresponding to the second voltage transmission branch, it can ensure that the first voltage transmission branch is always turned on, and the first voltage transmission branch and the second voltage transmission branch jointly support the load capacity of the voltage transmission circuit, thereby solving the problem of insufficient load capacity caused by the mismatch between the supply voltage output by the voltage transmission branch at the start of operation and the required voltage of the load. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The drawings herein are incorporated into and constitute a part of the specification. These drawings illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the specification, are used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application.

[0016] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a voltage transmission circuit in related art;

[0017] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of another voltage transmission circuit in the related art;

[0018] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a voltage transmission circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the switch module provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the implementation structure of the voltage transmission circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the voltage transmission branch provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the implementation structure of the voltage transmission branch provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of a charge pump circuit with adjustable voltage ratio provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the implementation structure of a charge pump circuit with adjustable voltage ratio provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 10A An equivalent circuit diagram of the (n+1):n charge pump circuit in the first sub-period provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 10B An equivalent circuit diagram of the (n+1):n charge pump circuit in the second sub-period provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 11A An equivalent circuit diagram of the (n+1):1 charge pump circuit in the first sub-period provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 11B An equivalent circuit diagram of the (n+1):1 charge pump circuit in the second sub-period provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 12 A schematic diagram of a voltage transmission branch switching process provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 13 A voltage variation diagram of the first power supply voltage and the second power supply voltage during the charging process and the discharging process provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 14 A schematic diagram of a voltage transmission branch switching process with adjustable voltage ratio provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 15 A schematic structural diagram of a dual-phase voltage transmission circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 16 A schematic diagram of the structure of the chip provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 17 A schematic flow chart of a voltage transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] To make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the specific technical solutions of the present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present application but are not intended to limit the scope of the present application.

[0036] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application pertains. The terms used herein are for the purpose of describing the embodiments of this application only and are not intended to limit this application.

[0037] In the following description, reference is made to “some embodiments”, which describes a subset of all possible embodiments, but it will be understood that “some embodiments” may be the same subset or different subsets of all possible embodiments and may be combined with each other without conflict.

[0038] It is understood that the terms "first," "second," and the like used herein may be used to describe various elements herein, but these elements are not limited by these terms. These terms are used solely to distinguish a first element from another element. For example, a first switch may be referred to as a second switch, and similarly, a second switch may be referred to as a first switch, without departing from the scope of this application. The first switch and the second switch are both switches, but they are not the same switch. The term "plurality" used herein refers to two or more. The term "and / or" used herein refers to one or more of the options, or any combination of multiple options. The term "connected" used herein should be understood broadly, for example, to mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; a direct connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or internal communication between two elements or an interaction between two elements. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0039] A charge pump (CP) is a DC converter that uses capacitors to increase or decrease voltage. This type of converter typically occupies a small area but has high efficiency.

[0040] At present, due to the limitation of device working voltage, the current battery voltage can only be discharged to 3.3V, and the effective remaining capacity of the battery below 3.3V cannot be fully utilized. In order to fully utilize the effective remaining capacity of the battery below 3.3V, the related technology uses a Boost-Bypass boost circuit to power the load, such as Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the discharge architecture includes a charge pump with a voltage ratio of 2:1 and a Boost-Bypass boost circuit. For conventional loads with low voltage requirements, the 2:1 charge pump is used to step down the voltage and then directly supply power. For high-voltage loads with high voltage requirements, when the voltage is higher than 6.4V, the charge pump is used to step down the voltage and then the Bypass circuit is used to directly supply power to the load. When the voltage is lower than 6.4V, the charge pump is used to step down the voltage and then the Boost circuit is used to step up the voltage before supplying power to the high-voltage load.

[0041] Therefore, a charge pump and a Boost-Bypass circuit are required for voltage conversion, resulting in low conversion efficiency. Furthermore, the Boost-Bypass circuit contains a large number of capacitors and inductors, resulting in high power consumption. Consequently, the Boost-Bypass circuit is inefficient when boosting voltage, which results in insufficient utilization of the remaining battery capacity at low charge. Furthermore, the inductor required by the Boost-Bypass circuit cannot be integrated on the chip. Due to space constraints on mobile phone motherboards, the inductor height is limited to less than 1mm. Current inductor technology cannot achieve a 20A current rating at a 1mm height. Consequently, the Boost-Bypass circuit occupies a relatively large area, increasing the cost of the power supply circuit and the area of ​​the electronic device.

[0042] In order to solve the limitation of inductance, a battery discharge circuit is also provided in the related art, such as Figure 2 As shown, the battery discharge circuit includes a battery, a voltage transmission circuit and a load, wherein the voltage transmission circuit includes a first charge pump circuit with a voltage ratio of 2:1 and a second charge pump circuit with a voltage ratio of 3:2, and the load includes a screen display power IC, a RF 2 / 3 / 4 / 5G PA, an audio / motor PA, etc.

[0043] Taking a battery including two cells connected in series as an example, usually when the battery voltage is less than a certain threshold voltage (for example, 6.8V), the 2:1 conversion ratio cannot support the voltage transmission circuit to continue to output a voltage greater than 3.4V. In order to allow the output voltage of the voltage transmission circuit to continue to meet the working requirements of the load, the output voltage of the voltage transmission circuit needs to be increased. That is, the voltage transmission circuit needs to switch from the first charge pump circuit with a voltage ratio of 2:1 to the second charge pump circuit with a voltage ratio of 3:2. At this time, the switch in the first charge pump circuit with a voltage ratio of 2:1 is disabled, and the switch in the second charge pump circuit is enabled, so that the first charge pump circuit does not work and the second charge pump circuit works. However, since the voltage ratio changes from 2:1 to 3:2 after the first charge pump circuit is disconnected and the second charge pump circuit is turned on, the voltage at the output end needs to be increased (for example, from 3.4V to 4.5V). However, the insufficient load capacity of the second charge pump circuit may cause the output end voltage to be unable to increase, resulting in the inability of the two charge pump circuits to complete the switching.

[0044] In order to solve the problems existing in the related technology, the embodiment of the present application provides a voltage transmission circuit, which can solve the problem of insufficient load capacity when switching between different voltage transmission branches, and at the same time avoid the energy loss caused by using the Boost-Bypass circuit, thereby improving the utilization rate of the remaining capacity when the power supply voltage is low, and further increasing the battery life.

[0045] The voltage transmission circuit provided in the embodiment of the present application is applied to the electronic device provided in the embodiment of the present application. The electronic device provided in the embodiment of the present application may include a mobile phone, a mobile power supply, an electric car, a laptop computer, a drone, a tablet computer, an e-book, an e-cigarette, a wearable device (such as a watch, a bracelet, smart glasses, etc.), a robot (such as a sweeping robot, a floor scrubber, etc.), a wireless headset, a Bluetooth speaker, a radio mouse, etc., and the embodiment of the present application does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0046] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

[0047] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, an embodiment of the present application provides a voltage transmission circuit 300, which may include a battery module 310, at least two voltage transmission branches 311, and a switch module 312. The at least two voltage transmission branches 311 are connected in parallel, and each voltage transmission branch 311 is respectively connected to the battery module 310 and the load 400. The switch module 312 is connected in series with the at least two voltage transmission branches 311. The switch module 312 can be used to turn on or off each voltage transmission branch 311.

[0048] When the voltage transmission branch 311 is turned on, the voltage transmission branch 311 is used to obtain a second supply voltage based on the first supply voltage output by the battery module 310, and output the second supply voltage to the load 400; different voltage transmission branches 311 correspond to different voltage ratios, and the voltage ratio is the ratio between the first supply voltage received by the voltage transmission branch 311 and the second supply voltage output.

[0049] The switch module 312 is used to turn on the first voltage transmission branch, and to turn on the second voltage transmission branch when the first supply voltage is less than the first voltage threshold, and to disconnect the first voltage transmission branch when the first supply voltage and the second supply voltage satisfy the voltage ratio corresponding to the second voltage transmission branch; the first voltage transmission branch and the second voltage transmission branch are two of the at least two voltage transmission branches 311.

[0050] In this embodiment, the battery module 310 may include at least one battery cell or at least one battery pack. When there are two or more batteries or battery packs, at least two of the batteries or battery packs may be connected in series or in parallel. A single battery pack may include multiple interconnected batteries, and the multiple batteries may be connected in series or in parallel. Alternatively, the first portion of batteries and the second portion of batteries may be connected in parallel, with the batteries in the first and second portions of batteries connected in series. If the battery module 310 includes multiple batteries connected in series, the first supply voltage output by the battery module 310 may be the sum of the battery voltages of the multiple batteries.

[0051] In some embodiments, the switch module 312 may include any switch with adjustable on-resistance. By adjusting the drive signal applied to the driver terminal of the switch, the on-resistance of the switch can be reduced, thereby increasing the current flowing through the switch. The switch with adjustable on-resistance can be a semiconductor switch, such as a field-effect transistor, a bipolar transistor, or an insulated gate bipolar transistor. The switch module 312 can be a single semiconductor switch or a combination of multiple semiconductor switches connected in series and parallel. By configuring the switch module 312 as a switch with adjustable on-resistance, the adjustable on-resistance can be used to achieve a transition from a saturation region to a fully conductive state.

[0052] In some embodiments, the above-mentioned switch module 312 can be a coaxial switch, which includes multiple first ports and second ports. The multiple first ports are respectively connected to at least two voltage transmission branches 311, and the second port is connected to the battery module 310 or the load 400. When the switch module 312 turns on one of the voltage transmission branches 311, the first port corresponding to the voltage transmission branch 311 is connected to the second port; when the switch module 312 turns on two or more voltage transmission branches 311, the multiple first ports corresponding to the two or more voltage transmission branches 311 are all connected to the second port.

[0053] It is understandable that by providing a coaxial switch, it can be ensured that when two of the voltage transmission branches 311 are turned on, the other voltage transmission branches 311 are in a disconnected state, thereby avoiding switch failure.

[0054] In some embodiments, the switch module 312 may include multiple independent switches, that is, the switch module 312 may include at least two switch units 3121, such as Figure 4 As shown, at least two switch units 3121 are connected in series with at least two voltage transmission branches 311 , and each switch unit 3121 is used to turn on or off the corresponding voltage transmission branch 311 .

[0055] For example, Figure 5As shown, taking the first voltage transmission branch as a 2:1 charge pump circuit, the second voltage transmission branch as a 3:2 charge pump circuit, and the switch module 312 including a first switch tube Q1 connected to the first voltage transmission branch and a second switch tube Q2 connected to the second voltage transmission branch as an example, one end of the 2:1 charge pump circuit is connected to the battery module 310, one end of the 3:2 charge pump circuit is connected to the battery module 310, the other end of the 2:1 charge pump circuit is connected to the load 400 through the first switch tube Q1, and the other end of the 3:2 charge pump circuit is connected to the load 400 through the second switch tube Q2.

[0056] In the initial state, the first switch tube Q1 is turned on and the second switch tube Q2 is turned off. At this time, the second supply voltage (i.e., Vout) and the first supply voltage (i.e., Vin) meet a voltage ratio of 2:1. When it is detected that the first supply voltage is less than the first voltage threshold, the 3:2 charge pump circuit is enabled, and the second switch tube Q2 is turned on at the same time, so that the second switch tube Q2 operates in the saturation region, and the first switch tube Q1 is kept turned on. At this time, the second supply voltage will rise. When the second supply voltage rises to 2 / 3 times the first supply voltage, the first switch tube Q1 is turned off and the 2:1 charge pump circuit is disabled.

[0057] It is understandable that by providing a plurality of independent switches, the on / off state of each voltage transmission branch 311 can be controlled separately, thereby achieving precise control.

[0058] It should be noted that Figure 3 This is only one of the connection modes of the switch module 312. The switch module 312 can be connected between the battery module 310 and at least two voltage transmission branches 311; or it can be connected between at least two voltage transmission branches 311 and the load 400. Alternatively, a first part of the switch module can be connected between the battery module 310 and at least two voltage transmission branches 311, and a second part of the switch module can be connected between at least two voltage transmission branches 311 and the load 400. The specific configuration is made by those skilled in the art according to actual conditions. Figure 3 The connection method shown should not be regarded as a limitation to the embodiments of the present application.

[0059] In some embodiments, the above-mentioned voltage transmission branch 311 can be a voltage conversion branch 3111 or a straight-through branch 3112, that is, at least two voltage transmission branches 311 can include at least two voltage conversion branches 3111, or at least two voltage transmission branches 311 can include at least one voltage conversion branch 3111 and a straight-through branch 3112.

[0060] When the voltage conversion branch 3111 is turned on, the voltage conversion branch 3111 can perform voltage conversion processing on the first supply voltage output by the battery module 310 to obtain a second supply voltage.

[0061] When the through branch 3112 is turned on, the through branch 3112 can output the first supply voltage output by the battery module 310 as the second supply voltage to the load 400, that is, the through branch 3112 can be regarded as a connection path that directly connects the battery module 310 and the load 400, and the corresponding voltage ratio is close to 1:1.

[0062] For example, Figure 6 As shown, taking at least two voltage transmission circuits 300 including two voltage conversion branches 3111 and one direct-through branch 3112 as an example, the two voltage conversion branches 3111 have different voltage ratios. When the corresponding switch unit 3121 turns on one of the two voltage conversion branches 3111, the first supply voltage output by the battery module 310, after passing through the voltage conversion branch 3111, is transmitted to the load 400 as a second supply voltage. The second supply voltage is a voltage value obtained by multiplying the first supply voltage by the corresponding voltage ratio.

[0063] When the switch unit 3121 corresponding to the through branch 3112 is turned on, the first supply voltage output by the battery module 310 is directly transmitted to the load 400 .

[0064] For example, Figure 7 As shown, at least two voltage transmission branches 311 may include two voltage conversion branches 3111 and a straight-through branch 3112. The switch module includes a first switch tube Q1, a second switch tube Q2 and a third switch tube Q3. One of the two voltage conversion branches 3111 includes a 2:1 charge pump circuit, and the other voltage conversion branch 3111 includes a 3:2 charge pump circuit. The 2:1 charge pump circuit is connected to the first switch tube Q1, the 3:2 charge pump circuit is connected to the second switch tube Q2, and the straight-through branch 3112 is connected to the third switch tube Q3.

[0065] When the voltage ratio required by the voltage transmission circuit 300 is 2:1, the first switch tube Q1 is turned on, and the second switch tube Q2 and the third switch tube Q3 are turned off, so that the voltage transmission circuit 300 outputs the second supply voltage based on the voltage ratio of 2:1; when the voltage ratio required by the voltage transmission circuit 300 is 3:2, the second switch tube Q2 is turned on, and the first switch tube Q1 and the third switch tube Q3 are turned off, so that the voltage transmission circuit 300 outputs the second supply voltage based on the voltage ratio of 3:2; when the voltage ratio required by the voltage transmission circuit 300 is 1:1, the third switch tube Q3 is turned on, and the first switch tube Q1 and the second switch tube Q2 are turned off, so that the voltage transmission circuit 300 directly outputs the first supply voltage as the second supply voltage.

[0066] In the above embodiment, by providing voltage conversion branch 3111 or direct branch 3112, the voltage ratio diversity of voltage transmission branch 311 can be increased, expanding the voltage range of the second power supply voltage that can be output by voltage transmission branch 311. Furthermore, the provision of direct branch 3112 can fully utilize the battery capacity of the low-voltage section of the silicon negative electrode battery, thereby improving the overall battery life.

[0067] It can be understood that since the voltage ratios of different voltage transmission branches 311 are different, the voltage transmission circuit can turn on the corresponding voltage transmission branch 311 according to the size of the first supply voltage of the battery module 310. For example, when the first supply voltage of the battery module 310 is less than the first voltage threshold, the second voltage transmission branch needs to be turned on, and when the first supply voltage of the battery module is greater than the second voltage threshold, the first voltage transmission branch needs to be turned on, etc. The first voltage threshold is different from the second voltage threshold.

[0068] During the implementation process, in the initial state, the above-mentioned switch module 312 will turn on the first voltage transmission branch, so that the first supply voltage and the second supply voltage will present a corresponding first voltage ratio. When the first supply voltage output by the battery module 310 is less than the first voltage threshold, the second supply voltage output by the first voltage transmission branch cannot support the load 400. At this time, it is necessary to switch from turning on the first voltage transmission branch to turning on the second voltage transmission branch, so that the second supply voltage obtained through the second voltage transmission branch can continue to supply the load 400. At this time, the first supply voltage and the second supply voltage will present a corresponding second voltage ratio.

[0069] In this embodiment, when the first supply voltage is less than the first voltage threshold, the physical significance of switching from the first voltage transmission branch to the second voltage transmission branch is that: when the first supply voltage is less than the first voltage threshold, the second supply voltage output through the first voltage transmission branch is less than the required voltage of the load 400, while the second supply voltage output through the second voltage transmission branch can be greater than or equal to the required voltage of the load 400. For example, the first voltage transmission branch corresponds to a voltage ratio of 2:1, and the second voltage transmission branch corresponds to a voltage ratio of 3:2. When the first supply voltage is less than 6.8V, the voltage ratio of 2:1 cannot output a second supply voltage higher than 3.3V. In this case, it is necessary to switch to the second voltage transmission branch corresponding to the voltage ratio of 3:2 to output a second supply voltage higher than 3.3V.

[0070] The battery module 310 has a discharge state and a charge state. When the battery module 310 is in the discharge state, the first supply voltage output by the battery module 310 will gradually decrease. As the first supply voltage decreases, the second supply voltage will also gradually decrease without changing the voltage ratio of the voltage transmission circuit 300. This will cause a problem with load capacity. In order to ensure that the second supply voltage is greater than or equal to the required voltage of the load 400, as the first supply voltage decreases, the voltage ratio of the voltage transmission circuit 300 needs to be changed from large to small to increase the size of the second supply voltage, that is, the voltage ratio of the first voltage transmission branch before switching is greater than the voltage ratio of the second voltage transmission branch after switching.

[0071] For example, based on Figure 7 In the voltage transmission circuit 300 shown, when the voltage of the battery module 310 is less than the first threshold voltage, the voltage transmission circuit 300 needs to switch from a charge pump circuit with a 2:1 voltage ratio to a charge pump circuit with a 3:2 voltage ratio, that is, the first switch tube of the 2:1 charge pump circuit is disconnected and the second switch tube of the 3:2 charge pump circuit is turned on.

[0072] In the initial state, the first switch Q1 is on, while the second and third switches Q2 and Q3 are off. At this point, the second supply voltage is half the first supply voltage, i.e., Vout = 1 / 2Vin. When the first supply voltage falls below the first threshold voltage, the 3:2 charge pump circuit is enabled, turning on the second switch Q2, which operates in the saturation region. The second supply voltage begins to rise, and when it reaches 2 / 3Vin, the first switch Q1 is turned off.

[0073] In this embodiment, when the first supply voltage and the second supply voltage satisfy the voltage ratio corresponding to the second voltage transmission branch, the physical significance of disconnecting the first voltage transmission branch is that, when the switch module 312 turns on the second voltage transmission branch, the switch module 312 will first operate in the saturation region and still have a certain on-resistance, resulting in the actual output voltage of the second voltage transmission branch failing to meet the corresponding voltage ratio requirement. Therefore, until the first supply voltage and the second supply voltage satisfy the voltage ratio corresponding to the second voltage transmission branch, the switch module 312 continues to turn on the first voltage transmission branch. That is, the first voltage transmission branch and the second voltage transmission branch are both turned on, and the first voltage transmission branch and the second voltage transmission branch jointly support the load capacity of the voltage transmission circuit 300 until the voltage ratio between the first supply voltage and the second supply voltage satisfies the voltage ratio of the second voltage transmission branch.

[0074] It needs to be understood that the saturation region and full conduction are not the same working states. Taking the switching tube as a field-effect tube as an example, when the switching tube works in the saturation region, the drain-source voltage of the switching tube is high, the drain-source resistance is relatively large, the drain current no longer increases with the increase of the drain-source voltage, and the power consumption will increase; when the switching tube works in the fully-on state, the drain-source voltage of the switching tube is very low, the drain-source resistance is very small, the current can pass smoothly, and the power consumption is very low.

[0075] It can be understood that, in response to the situation where the first power supply voltage drops when the battery module is in a discharging state, the switching module is implemented to keep both the first voltage transmission branch and the second voltage transmission branch turned on before the first power supply voltage and the second power supply voltage meet the voltage ratio corresponding to the second voltage transmission branch. The first voltage transmission branch and the second voltage transmission branch jointly support the load capacity of the voltage transmission circuit 300, thereby avoiding insufficient load capacity.

[0076] In some embodiments, the voltage transmission circuit 300 may further include a control module, which is connected to the switch module 312, so that the control module can control the on and off of the switch module 312, that is, the control module can control the second switch unit to turn on when the first supply voltage is less than the first voltage threshold, so as to turn on the second voltage transmission branch.

[0077] In some embodiments, the control module may be further configured to control the first switch unit to disconnect so as to disconnect the first voltage transmission branch when the first power supply voltage and the second power supply voltage satisfy a voltage ratio corresponding to the second voltage transmission branch.

[0078] In some embodiments, the control module may also be configured to control the first switch unit to be turned on, so as to turn on the first voltage transmission branch.

[0079] It is understandable that by controlling the on and off of the switch module 312 through the control module, the reliability of the switch module 312 when performing on and off can be improved, and flexible control of different voltage ratios can be achieved.

[0080] In some embodiments, the voltage conversion branch 3111 may include a charge pump circuit. When the voltage conversion branch 3111 is turned on, the charge pump circuit can perform voltage conversion processing on the first supply voltage to obtain a second supply voltage. At this time, the voltage ratio of the voltage conversion circuit is determined according to the voltage ratio of the charge pump circuit.

[0081] In some embodiments, the voltage ratio of the voltage conversion branch 3111 may be a fixed ratio, such as N:M, where N and M may be arbitrary constants and are different.

[0082] In some embodiments, the voltage ratio of the charge pump circuit can be 2:1. Accordingly, the charge pump circuit can include a first switch combination, a second switch combination, and an energy storage element. The first switch combination can include at least two switches. The energy storage element can be connected in series with the first switch combination, with a first end of the first switch combination connected to the battery module 310 and a second end of the first switch combination connected to the load 400. The energy storage element is also connected in series with the second switch combination, with a first end of the second switch combination connected to ground and a second end of the second switch combination connected to the load 400.

[0083] During the first sub-period within a single cycle, the on-off switching of the first and second switch combinations causes the energy storage element to be in a charging state, and load 400 can also be supplied with power according to the first supply voltage. During the second sub-period within a single cycle, the on-off switching of the first and second switch combinations causes the energy storage element to be in a discharging state, and the energy storage element supplies power to load 400, thereby providing the second supply voltage to load 400 within a single cycle. The first and second sub-periods have the same duration.

[0084] In some embodiments, the voltage ratio of the charge pump circuit can be 3:2. Accordingly, the charge pump circuit can include a first switch combination, a third switch combination, a fourth switch combination, a first energy storage element, and a second energy storage element. The first switch combination, the third switch combination, and the fourth switch combination can each include at least two switches. The first energy storage element can be connected in series in the first switch combination, with a first end of the first switch combination connected to the battery module 310, and a second end of the first switch combination connected to the load 400. The first end of the third switch combination is connected to the battery module 310, and a second end of the third switch combination is connected to the load 400. The first energy storage element and the second energy storage element are connected in series in the fourth switch combination, with a first end of the fourth switch combination being grounded, and a second end of the fourth switch combination being connected to the load 400.

[0085] In the first sub-period within a single cycle, the first switch combination, the third switch combination, and the fourth switch combination are turned on and off, causing the first energy storage element and the second energy storage element to be in a charging state based on the first supply voltage, and the load 400 can also be powered according to the first supply voltage; in the second sub-period within a single cycle, the first switch combination, the third switch combination, and the fourth switch combination are turned on and off, causing the first energy storage element and the second energy storage element to be in a discharging state, and the first energy storage element and the second energy storage element supply power to the load 400, thereby providing the second supply voltage to the load 400 within a single cycle.

[0086] In some embodiments, the voltage ratio of the voltage conversion branch 3111 can be adjustable, for example, ranging from a ratio of N:1 to a ratio of N:(N-1). By setting the voltage ratio of the voltage change branch to be adjustable, the voltage ratio range of the voltage change branch can be expanded, thereby improving compatibility.

[0087] In some embodiments, the voltage conversion branch 3111 may include a charge pump circuit, such as Figure 8 As shown, the charge pump circuit includes multiple charge and discharge units 31111 and multiple connecting switches 31112. The multiple charge and discharge units 31111 are connected in parallel between the battery module 310 and the load 400, and any two of the multiple charge and discharge units 31111 are also connected in series through the connecting switch 31112.

[0088] Among them, each charging and discharging unit 31111 can include at least one energy storage element and multiple switches. The connection relationship between the at least one energy storage element and the multiple switches can refer to the 2:1 charge pump circuit or the 3:2 charge pump circuit, which will not be repeated here.

[0089] Because multiple charge and discharge units 31111 are connected in parallel between the battery module 310 and the load 400, each charge and discharge unit 31111 is independent of each other, and each charge and discharge unit 31111 can be connected between the battery module 310 and the load 400, so that the second supply voltage is output to the load 400 through the energy storage process and energy release process of the energy storage element in the charge and discharge unit 31111 without affecting the operation of other charge pumps. In addition, the on and off of the multiple connection switches 31112 connected in series between the multiple charge and discharge units 31111 can also change the connection relationship between the multiple charge and discharge units 31111, that is, when the multiple connection switches 31112 are turned on, the multiple charge and discharge units 31111 are in a series relationship, and when the multiple connection switches 31112 are turned off, the multiple charge and discharge units 31111 are in a parallel relationship, thereby affecting the voltage ratio of the charge pump circuit through the on and off states of the switches in the multiple charge and discharge units 31111 and the multiple connection switches 31112.

[0090] That is, the control module can adjust the number of target energy storage elements working in the charge pump circuit and the connection states of the target energy storage elements in the energy storage stage and the energy release stage by controlling the conduction or disconnection of each switch in the charge pump circuit, thereby achieving adjustable voltage ratio.

[0091] For example, the voltage conversion branch 3111 includes a charge pump circuit, such as Figure 9As shown, taking the structure of each charge and discharge unit 31111 as a 2:1 charge pump circuit as an example, each charge and discharge unit 31111 includes a first switch S1n, a second switch S2n, a third switch S3n, a fourth switch S4n, and a second capacitor Cfn. The first capacitor Cout is an output capacitor connected in parallel with the load 400. The first switch S1n of each charge and discharge unit 31111 can be connected to the output terminal of the battery module 310 and the second capacitor Cfn, respectively. The second switch S2n can be connected to the second capacitor Cfn and the first capacitor Cout, respectively. The second capacitor Cfn is connected in series between the first switch S1n and the second switch S2n. The third switch S3n can be grounded and connected to the second capacitor Cfn. The fourth switch S4n can be connected to the second capacitor Cfn and the first capacitor Cout, respectively. The second capacitor Cfn is connected in series between the third switch S3n and the fourth switch S4n. Furthermore, the second capacitors Cfn of any two charge and discharge units 31111 are connected in series via a connecting switch S5m.

[0092] At this time, the charge pump circuit can realize free switching from the voltage ratio of (n+1):1 to the voltage ratio of (n+1):n. The following is an explanation using the voltage ratio of (n+1):1 and the voltage ratio of (n+1):n as examples.

[0093] For the voltage ratio of (n+1):n:

[0094] When the voltage conversion branch 3111 is turned on, in the first sub-period, the first switch S1n and the second switch S2n in each charge and discharge unit 31111 are in the on state, the third switch S3n and the fourth switch S4n in each charge and discharge unit 31111 are in the off state, and the connecting switch S5m is in the off state. At this time, it is equivalent to that the second capacitors Cfn in the multiple charge and discharge units 31111 are connected in parallel and then connected in series with the first capacitor Cout, as shown in FIG. Figure 10A As shown, the first supply voltage Vin output by the battery module 310 charges the first capacitor Cout and the second capacitor Cfn in each charge and discharge unit 31111 , and supplies power to the load 400 .

[0095] In the second sub-period, the fourth switch S4 of the charge-discharge unit 31111 at the first port position among the plurality of charge-discharge units 31111 connected in series is in the on state, and the third switch S3 of the charge-discharge unit 31111 at the second port position among the plurality of charge-discharge units 31111 connected in series is in the on state. Figure 12 The first charge and discharge unit 31111 or the nth charge and discharge unit 31111, the second port position is such as Figure 12The first charge and discharge unit 31111 or the nth charge and discharge unit 31111 has a first port position different from a second port position, and the connecting switch S5m is in the on state, and the other switches are in the off state. Taking the fourth switch S41 of the first charge and discharge unit 31111 and the fourth switch S3n of the nth charge and discharge unit 31111 as an example, it is equivalent to Figure 10B As shown, the second capacitors Cfn in the plurality of charge and discharge units 31111 are connected in series and in parallel with the first capacitor Cout, and the first capacitor Cout and the second capacitor Cfn discharge the load 400 .

[0096] The voltage difference across the second capacitor Cfn is denoted as Vcf. The first supply voltage input to the battery module 310 is Vin, and the second supply voltage output by the charge pump circuit is Vout. During the first sub-cycle, the first capacitor Cout and the second capacitor Cfn are connected in parallel, with Vin = Vcf + Vout. During the second sub-cycle, the first capacitor Cout and the second capacitor Cfn are connected in series. Because the voltage difference across the second capacitor Cf1 cannot change suddenly, the voltage difference across the second capacitor Cfn remains Vcf, resulting in Vout = n * Vcf. Therefore, when the charge pump circuit is in steady state, Vout = n / (n + 1) * Vin, achieving a voltage ratio of (n + 1):n.

[0097] For a voltage ratio of (n+1):1:

[0098] When the voltage conversion branch 3111 is turned on, in the first sub-period, the first switch S11 in the first charge and discharge unit 31111 of the multiple charge and discharge units 31111 connected in series is in the on state, the second switch S2n in the last charge and discharge unit 31111 of the multiple charge and discharge units 31111 connected in series is in the on state, the connecting switch S5m is in the on state, and the other switches are in the off state. At this time, it is equivalent to that the first capacitor Cout is connected in series with the second capacitor Cfn of the multiple charge and discharge units 31111. Figure 11A As shown, the first supply voltage Vin output by the battery module 310 charges the first capacitor Cout and the second capacitor Cfn in each charge and discharge unit 31111 , and supplies power to the load 400 .

[0099] In the second sub-cycle, the third switch S3n and the fourth switch S4n in each charge and discharge unit 31111 are both in the on state, and each connecting switch S5m is in the off state, and the remaining switches are all in the off state. Figure 11B As shown, the first capacitor Cout is connected in parallel with the second capacitor Cfn in each charge and discharge unit 31111 , and the first capacitor Cout and the second capacitor Cfn discharge the load 400 .

[0100] The voltage difference across the second capacitor Cfn is denoted as Vcf. The first supply voltage input to the battery module 310 is Vin, and the second supply voltage output by the charge pump circuit is Vout. During the first sub-cycle, the first capacitor Cout and the second capacitor Cfn are connected in series, with Vin = n * Vcf + Vout. During the second sub-cycle, the first capacitor Cout and the second capacitor Cfn are connected in parallel. Because the voltage difference across the second capacitor Cf1 cannot change suddenly, the voltage difference across the second capacitor Cfn remains Vcf, resulting in Vout = Vcf. Therefore, when the charge pump circuit is in steady state, Vout = 1 / (n+1) * Vin, achieving a voltage ratio of (n+1):1.

[0101] In summary, by controlling the switches of multiple charging and discharging units 31111 in the charge pump circuit and the on or off of multiple connection switches 31112, the number of target energy storage elements Cfn working in the charge pump circuit can be adjusted, as well as the connection states of the target energy storage elements Cfn corresponding to the energy storage stage and the energy release stage, respectively. This can achieve free switching from a voltage ratio of (n+1):1 to a voltage ratio of (n+1):n, thereby improving the reliability of the circuit when adjusting the voltage ratio.

[0102] In some embodiments, the on / off switching of the switches in each of the charge-discharge units 31111 and the on / off switching of the multiple connection switches 31112 can be controlled by a control module of the voltage transmission circuit 300. That is, the control module can control the on / off switching of each switch in the charge pump circuit according to the target voltage ratio to adjust the number of target energy storage elements operating in the charge pump circuit, as well as the connection states of the target energy storage elements in the energy storage phase and the energy release phase, so that the charge pump circuit converts the first supply voltage according to the target voltage ratio. The target voltage ratio is any ratio between a voltage ratio of (n+1):1 and a voltage ratio of (n+1):n, where n is the number of energy storage elements in the charge pump circuit. Thus, precise regulation of the voltage ratio of the charge pump circuit is achieved through the control module.

[0103] The battery module 310 has two application scenarios: a discharge state and a charge state. The following describes in detail the embodiments of the discharge scenario and the charging scenario respectively.

[0104] In the discharge scenario:

[0105] Because the first supply voltage of the battery module 310 will gradually decrease in the discharge scenario, and as the first supply voltage decreases, the second supply voltage will also gradually decrease without changing the voltage ratio of the voltage transmission circuit 300. This will cause load capacity problems. In order to ensure that the second supply voltage is greater than or equal to the required voltage of the load 400, as the first supply voltage decreases, the voltage ratio of the voltage transmission circuit 300 needs to be changed from large to small to increase the size of the second supply voltage, that is, the voltage ratio of the first voltage transmission branch before switching is greater than the voltage ratio of the second voltage transmission branch after switching.

[0106] In order to achieve precise control over different voltage transmission branches, the control module may control the switch module 312 to turn on the voltage transmission branch 311 corresponding to the voltage range to which the first supply voltage belongs, according to the voltage range to which the first supply voltage belongs.

[0107] For example, based on Figure 7 In the voltage transmission circuit 300 shown, when the voltage of the battery module 310 is less than a first threshold voltage (for example, 6.8V), the voltage transmission circuit 300 needs to switch from a charge pump circuit with a 2:1 voltage ratio to a charge pump circuit with a 3:2 voltage ratio, that is, the first switch tube of the 2:1 charge pump circuit is disconnected and the second switch tube of the 3:2 charge pump circuit is turned on.

[0108] refer to Figure 12 , Figure 12 Where Vin is the first supply voltage, and Vout is the second supply voltage. Initially, the first switch Q1 is on, while the second and third switches Q2 and Q3 are off. At this point, the second supply voltage is half the first supply voltage, i.e., Vout = 1 / 2 Vin. When the first supply voltage falls below the first threshold voltage, the 3:2 charge pump circuit is enabled, turning on the second switch Q2, which operates in the saturation region. The second supply voltage begins to rise, and when it reaches 2 / 3 Vin, the first switch Q1 is turned off.

[0109] Since the path of the 2:1 charge pump circuit is always on before the switching is completed, this can avoid the problem of insufficient load capacity caused by the second switch tube Q2 on the 3:2 charge pump circuit path operating in the saturation region.

[0110] Exemplarily, when the first supply voltage is less than the second threshold voltage (for example, 4.5V), it is necessary to switch from the charge pump circuit with a 3:2 voltage ratio to the direct branch 3112, that is, the second switch tube of the 3:2 charge pump circuit is disconnected, and the third switch tube of the direct branch 3112 is turned on.

[0111] In the initial state, the second switch Q2 is on, while the first and third switches Q1 and Q3 are off. At this point, the second supply voltage is 2 / 3 times the first supply voltage, i.e., Vout = 2 / 3 Vin. When the first supply voltage is less than the second threshold voltage, the third switch Q3 is turned on and operates in the saturation region. When the second supply voltage rises to Vin, the second switch Q2 is turned off.

[0112] Since the path of the 3:2 charge pump circuit is always on before the switching is completed, this can avoid the problem of insufficient load capacity caused by the third switch tube Q3 on the output path of the through branch 3112 operating in the saturation region.

[0113] During the process of turning on the switch tube, since the enabling process of the charge pump circuit mainly involves turning on the switch in the charge pump circuit so that the energy storage element in the charge pump circuit operates in the energy storage stage and the energy release stage according to the corresponding cycle, when the switch of the charge pump circuit and the switch tube corresponding to the charge pump circuit are turned on, if the required voltage of the load 400 is high, although the first voltage transmission branch and the second voltage transmission branch are turned on at the same time, the first supply voltage after voltage division by the energy storage element may not be able to support the operation of the load 400. At this time, the electricity stored in the energy storage element may be output to the load 400 in advance, resulting in the energy storage element in the charge pump circuit being unable to store electricity to the target value, resulting in the target voltage ratio between the first supply voltage and the second supply voltage being unable to be met, and the switching between the voltage transmission branches 311 cannot be completed.

[0114] Therefore, in some embodiments, if the voltage transmission circuit 300 needs to switch from conducting the first voltage transmission branch to conducting the second voltage transmission branch, then when the first switch unit corresponding to the first voltage transmission branch and the second switch unit corresponding to the second voltage transmission branch are both turned on, the on-resistance of the second switch unit can be gradually reduced.

[0115] In the process of gradually decreasing on-resistance of the second switch unit, when the on-resistance of the second switch unit is large, the second switch unit will limit the amount of electricity flowing to the load 400, thereby ensuring that the amount of electricity stored in the energy storage element of the charge pump circuit can reach the target value, and then by gradually reducing the on-resistance of the second switch unit, the restriction on the amount of electricity flowing to the load 400 is gradually released, thereby ensuring the normal output of the second power supply voltage.

[0116] Optionally, each switch unit 3121 may include any switch with adjustable on-resistance. The switch with adjustable on-resistance may be a semiconductor switch, such as a field-effect transistor, a bipolar transistor, or an insulated gate bipolar transistor. The switch unit 3121 may be a single semiconductor switch or a switch combination comprising multiple semiconductor switches connected in series and parallel. By configuring the switch unit 3121 as a switch with adjustable on-resistance, the on-resistance of the switch unit 3121 can be changed through the adjustable on-resistance.

[0117] In some embodiments, the on-resistance of the switch unit 3121 can be gradually reduced by causing the control module of the voltage transmission circuit 300 to gradually increase the drive signal output to the switch unit 3121, thereby reducing the on-resistance of the switch unit 3121.

[0118] In some embodiments, the control module gradually increases the driving signal in a periodic manner, that is, a driving signal of a first voltage is applied in a first period, and a driving signal of a second voltage is applied in a second period, and the second voltage is greater than the first voltage, until the switching unit 3121 is in a fully on state under the drive of the driving signal, reducing the on-resistance to a minimum value.

[0119] For example, when the first supply voltage is less than the first threshold voltage, after the second switch tube Q2 operates in the saturation region, the control module periodically and gradually increases the drive signal applied to the second switch tube Q2, thereby reducing the on-resistance of the second switch tube Q2, thereby gradually increasing the second supply voltage.

[0120] Illustratively, when the first supply voltage is less than the second threshold voltage, after the third switch tube Q3 operates in the saturation region, the control module periodically and gradually increases the drive signal applied to the third switch tube Q3, thereby reducing the on-resistance of the third switch tube Q3, thereby gradually increasing the second supply voltage.

[0121] It is understandable that by gradually reducing the on-resistance of the switch unit 3121 , it is possible to avoid the problem that the second power supply voltage cannot reach the target value due to load, thereby failing to complete the switching.

[0122] At least two voltage transmission branches 311 are connected in parallel. When the first voltage transmission branch and the second voltage transmission branch are both turned on, since there is a charge pump circuit in the first voltage transmission branch and / or the second voltage transmission branch, and when the charge pump circuit is turned on and the circuit in the charge pump is in the energy storage stage and the energy release stage, the power output from the other voltage transmission branch 311 will be fed back into the charge pump circuit, affecting the energy storage and energy release of the energy storage element in the charge pump circuit.

[0123] To reduce mutual influence between the at least two voltage transmission branches 311 , in some embodiments, when both the first voltage transmission branch and the second voltage transmission branch are turned on, the switching frequency corresponding to the switch of the charge pump circuit may be reduced.

[0124] When the switching frequency corresponding to the switch of the charge pump circuit decreases, the time the switch is in the off state will increase. Since the off time of the switch is extended, the amount of electricity fed back into the charge pump circuit will also decrease accordingly.

[0125] For example, taking the case where a 2:1 charge pump circuit and a 3:2 charge pump circuit are turned on at the same time, since the duration of the first sub-cycle and the second sub-cycle of the 2:1 charge pump circuit and the 3:2 charge pump circuit both constitute a complete cycle, that is, the switch turn-on timing of the 2:1 charge pump circuit in the energy storage stage or the energy release stage overlaps with the switch turn-on timing of the 3:2 charge pump circuit, then after reducing the switching frequency of the 2:1 charge pump circuit or the 3:2 charge pump circuit, the overlapping part of the turn-on timing of the switches of the two can be reduced, thereby reducing the amount of power fed back from the 3:2 charge pump circuit to the 2:1 charge pump circuit, or reducing the amount of power fed back from the 2:1 charge pump circuit to the 3:2 charge pump circuit.

[0126] In some embodiments, the switching frequency corresponding to the switch of the charge pump circuit may be reduced by: the control module reducing the on-off frequency corresponding to the switch of the charge pump circuit when turning on or off the switch of the charge pump circuit.

[0127] In the charging scenario:

[0128] Because the first supply voltage of the battery module 310 will gradually increase in the charging scenario, and as the first supply voltage increases, the second supply voltage will also gradually increase without changing the voltage ratio of the voltage transmission circuit 300. In order to ensure that the magnitude of the second supply voltage does not far exceed the required voltage of the load 400, as the first supply voltage increases, the voltage ratio of the voltage transmission circuit 300 needs to be changed from small to large to reduce the magnitude of the second supply voltage, that is, the voltage ratio of the third voltage transmission branch before switching is smaller than the voltage ratio of the fourth voltage transmission branch after switching.

[0129] To achieve precise control over turning on a target voltage transmission branch among the at least two voltage transmission branches, the control module may control the switch module 312 to turn on the voltage transmission branch 311 corresponding to the voltage range to which the first supply voltage belongs, according to the voltage range.

[0130] Since the second supply voltage naturally decreases when the voltage ratio is switched during the charging process, there is no problem with load capacity. Therefore, during the charging process, the switch module 312 can turn on the third voltage transmission branch, and when the first supply voltage is greater than the second voltage threshold, turn on the fourth voltage transmission branch and disconnect the third voltage transmission branch; the third voltage transmission branch and the fourth voltage transmission branch are two of the at least two voltage transmission branches 311.

[0131] For example, based on Figure 7 In the voltage transmission circuit 300 shown, when the voltage of the battery module 310 is greater than the third threshold voltage (for example, 4.6V), the voltage transmission circuit 300 needs to switch from the direct branch 3112 to the charge pump circuit with a 3:2 voltage ratio, that is, the third switch tube of the direct branch 3112 is disconnected, and the second switch tube of the 3:2 charge pump circuit is turned on.

[0132] In the initial state, the third switch Q3 is on, the first switch Q1 and the second switch Q2 are off, and Vout = Vin. When the voltage of the battery module 310 exceeds the third threshold voltage, the second switch Q2 is turned on, operating in the saturation region, and the third switch Q3 is turned off. The second supply voltage begins to naturally decrease until it drops to 2 / 3 Vin.

[0133] Exemplarily, when the voltage of the battery module 310 is greater than a fourth threshold voltage (e.g., 6.9V), the voltage transmission circuit 300 needs to switch from a charge pump circuit with a 3:2 voltage ratio to a charge pump circuit with a 2:1 voltage ratio, that is, the second switch tube of the charge pump circuit with a 3:2 voltage ratio is disconnected, and the first switch tube of the charge pump circuit with a 2:1 voltage ratio is turned on.

[0134] Initially, the second switch Q2 is on, while the first and third switches Q1 and Q3 are off. At this point, Vout = 2 / 3 Vin. When the voltage of the battery module 310 exceeds the fourth threshold voltage, the first switch Q1 is turned on, operating in the saturation region, and the second switch Q2 is turned off. The second supply voltage then naturally decreases until it reaches 1 / 2 Vin.

[0135] During the charging process, when the required voltage of the load 400 is high, the target voltage ratio between the first supply voltage and the second supply voltage may not be satisfied, and the switching between the voltage transmission branches 311 may not be completed. Therefore, in some embodiments, after the fourth switch unit 3121 corresponding to the fourth voltage transmission branch is turned on and operates in the saturation region, the on-resistance of the fourth switch unit 3121 may also be gradually reduced until the fourth switch unit 3121 is in a fully on state and the voltage ratio corresponding to the fourth voltage transmission branch is satisfied between the first supply voltage and the second supply voltage.

[0136] Since the battery module 310 also continuously outputs the second supply voltage to the load 400 during the charging process, the first supply voltage of the battery module 310 may fluctuate. In order to switch the voltage ratio so that the second supply voltage is more in line with the actual required voltage of the load 400 and provide an anti-shake range for the charging process, the voltage range during the charging process can be set to be larger than the voltage range during the discharging process, thereby avoiding the need for repeated switching.

[0137] For example, in the discharge scenario, the voltage transmission circuit 300 switches from the charge pump circuit with a 3:2 voltage ratio to the straight-through branch 3112, which corresponds to a voltage threshold of 4.5V, while in the charging scenario, the switch from the straight-through branch 3112 to the charge pump circuit with a 3:2 voltage ratio corresponds to a voltage threshold of 4.6V, that is, it is also switching between the straight-through branch 3112 and the charge pump circuit with a 3:2 voltage ratio, but the voltage threshold of 4.5V in the discharge scenario is smaller than the voltage threshold of 4.6V in the charging scenario.

[0138] For example, the voltage transmission circuit 300 switches from a charge pump circuit with a voltage ratio of 2:1 to a charge pump circuit with a voltage ratio of 3:2 in a discharge scenario, and the corresponding voltage threshold is 6.8V. In the charging scenario, the voltage transmission circuit 300 switches from a charge pump circuit with a voltage ratio of 3:2 to a charge pump circuit with a voltage ratio of 2:1, and the corresponding voltage threshold is 6.9V. That is, it is also switching between a charge pump circuit with a voltage ratio of 2:1 and a charge pump circuit with a voltage ratio of 3:2, but the voltage threshold of 6.8V in the discharge scenario is smaller than the voltage threshold of 6.9 in the charging scenario.

[0139] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the changes of the first supply voltage and the second supply voltage during the charging process and the discharging process provided in the embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. Figure 13 As shown, during the charging process, the first supply voltage Vin will gradually increase. When the first supply voltage Vin is less than 4.6V, the through branch 3112 is turned on, and the first supply voltage Vin and the second supply voltage Vout increase synchronously; when the first supply voltage Vin is greater than or equal to 4.6V, the switch module 312 disconnects the through branch 3112, turns on the 3:2 charge pump circuit, and the second supply voltage Vout begins to decrease until the second supply voltage Vout reaches 3V. At this time, the first supply voltage Vin and the second supply voltage Vout meet the voltage ratio of 3:2; when the first supply voltage Vin is greater than or equal to 6.9V, the switch module 312 disconnects the 3:2 charge pump circuit and turns on the 2:1 charge pump circuit. The second supply voltage Vout begins to decrease until the second supply voltage Vout reaches 3.4V. At this time, the first supply voltage Vin and the second supply voltage Vout meet the voltage ratio of 2:1.

[0140] During the discharge process, the first supply voltage Vin gradually decreases. When the first supply voltage Vin is greater than 6.8V, the switch module 312 turns on the 2:1 charge pump circuit, and the second supply voltage Vout decreases as the first supply voltage Vin decreases until the second supply voltage Vout reaches 3.4V. During this process, the first supply voltage Vin and the second supply voltage Vout satisfy a voltage ratio of 2:1. When the first supply voltage Vin is less than or equal to 6.8V, the switch module 312 turns on the 3:2 charge pump circuit, and the second supply voltage starts to rise until the second supply voltage reaches 4.5V. At this time, the first supply voltage Vin and the second supply voltage Vout satisfy a voltage ratio of 3:2, and the switch module 312 disconnects the 2:1 charge pump circuit. When the first supply voltage Vin is less than or equal to 4.5V, the switch module 312 turns on the through branch 3112, and the second supply voltage starts to rise until the second supply voltage reaches 4.5V. At this time, the first supply voltage Vin and the second supply voltage Vout satisfy a voltage ratio of 1:1, and the switch module 312 disconnects the 3:2 charge pump circuit.

[0141] The above embodiment illustrates that when the voltage transmission branch 311 operates at a fixed voltage ratio, the battery module 310 switches the voltage ratio during the discharge process and the charging process. Figure 12 In the charge pump circuit with adjustable voltage ratio shown, the voltage transmission circuit 300 can adjust the voltage ratio of the voltage transmission branch 311 while switching between at least two voltage transmission branches 311, thereby expanding the switchable voltage ratio range of the voltage transmission circuit 300.

[0142] That is, in some embodiments, after the control module controls the disconnection of the first voltage transmission branch, the voltage ratio of the first voltage transmission branch can be adjusted to obtain a newly added voltage ratio corresponding to the first voltage transmission branch, so that the control module can control the switch module 312 to turn on the first voltage transmission branch so that the newly added voltage ratio is satisfied between the first supply voltage and the second supply voltage.

[0143] Among them, the newly added voltage ratio can be set by technical personnel in this field according to actual conditions, and this application does not impose any restrictions.

[0144] For example, Figure 14 As shown, the voltage transmission circuit 300 includes a first charge pump circuit, a second charge pump circuit and a straight-through branch 3112. In the initial state, the first charge pump circuit operates at a voltage ratio of (n+1):1, the second charge pump circuit operates at a voltage ratio of (n+1):2, the first charge pump circuit is connected in series with the first switch tube Q1, the second charge pump circuit is connected in series with the second switch tube Q2, and the straight-through branch 3112 is connected in series with the third switch tube Q3.

[0145] First, the first switch Q1 corresponding to the first charge pump circuit is turned on, while the second switch Q2 and the third switch Q3 are turned off. The first charge pump circuit converts the first supply voltage into the second supply voltage based on a voltage ratio of (n+1):1. Next, when the first supply voltage meets a first switching condition, the second charge pump circuit is turned on, and when the first supply voltage and the second supply voltage meet a voltage ratio of (n+1):2, the first charge pump circuit is turned off. Simultaneously, the control module can adjust the number of target energy storage elements in the charge pump circuit and the connection states of the target energy storage elements during the energy storage and release phases, respectively, so that the first charge pump circuit corresponds to a voltage ratio of (n+1):3. The control module can also turn on the first charge pump circuit when the first supply voltage meets a second switching condition, and turn off the second charge pump circuit when the first supply voltage and the second supply voltage meet a voltage ratio of (n+1):3.

[0146] In the above embodiment, by using a limited number of charge pump circuits, it is possible to freely switch between multiple voltage ratios, from (n+1):1 to (n+1):n, thereby reducing device costs. Furthermore, by switching between two adjacent voltage ratios during each mode switch, the voltage variation of the second supply voltage can be minimized, thereby preventing excessive voltage and current stress on the switching device during the switching process.

[0147] It should be noted that the charge pump circuit and the description of the operation of the voltage ratio switching illustrated in the above embodiments are all based on the example of the charge pump circuit in a single-phase operation mode. Optionally, the charge pump circuit can also be in a dual-phase operation mode. In the dual-phase operation mode, the charge pump circuit can be composed of two parallel sub-circuits, and the two parallel sub-circuits can be controlled by two opposite clock signals. The two sub-circuits have the same structure, and each sub-circuit can include multiple charge and discharge units 31111 and multiple connection switches 31112. The multiple charge and discharge units 31111 are connected in parallel between the battery module 310 and the load 400, and any two charge and discharge units 31111 of the multiple charge and discharge units 31111 are also connected in series through a connection switch 31112.

[0148] For example, Figure 15 As shown, each sub-circuit is Figure 12Taking the structure of the charge pump circuit shown in FIG. as an example, the charge pump circuit may include a first sub-circuit and a second sub-circuit connected in parallel. Each of the first sub-circuit and the second sub-circuit includes a first switch S1n, a second switch S2n, a third switch S3n, a fourth switch S4n, and a second capacitor Cfn. The first capacitor Cout is an output capacitor connected in parallel to the load 400. The first switch S1n of each charge-discharge unit 31111 can be connected to the output terminal of the battery module 310 and the second capacitor Cfn, respectively. The second switch S2n can be connected to the second capacitor Cfn and the first capacitor Cout, respectively. The second capacitor Cfn is connected in series between the first switch S1n and the second switch S2n. The third switch S3n can be grounded and connected to the second capacitor Cfn. The fourth switch S4n can be connected to the second capacitor Cfn and the first capacitor Cout, respectively. The second capacitor Cfn is connected in series between the third switch S3n and the fourth switch S4n. Furthermore, the second capacitors Cfn of any two charge-discharge units 31111 are connected in series via a connecting switch S5m.

[0149] At this time, the charge pump circuit can realize free switching from the voltage ratio of (n+1):1 to the voltage ratio of (n+1):n. The following is an explanation using the voltage ratio of (n+1):1 and the voltage ratio of (n+1):n as examples.

[0150] For the voltage ratio of (n+1):n:

[0151] When the voltage conversion branch 3111 is turned on, in the first sub-cycle, the first switch S1n and the second switch S2n in each charging and discharging unit 31111 of the first partial sub-circuit are in the on state, the third switch S3n and the fourth switch S4n in each charging and discharging unit 31111 are in the off state, and the connecting switch S5m is in the off state. That is, the first supply voltage Vin output by the battery module 310 charges the first capacitor Cout and the second capacitor Cfn in each charging and discharging unit 31111, and supplies power to the load 400.

[0152] At the same time, the fourth switch S41 of the first charge and discharge unit 31111 of the second sub-circuit is turned on, and the fourth switch S3n of the nth charge and discharge unit 31111 is turned on, and the remaining switches are in the off state, that is, the second capacitors Cfn in the multiple charge and discharge units 31111 are connected in series and in parallel with the first capacitor Cout, and the first capacitor Cout and the second capacitor Cfn discharge the load 400.

[0153] In the second sub-cycle, the fourth switch S41 of the first charge and discharge unit 31111 of the first sub-circuit is turned on, and the fourth switch S3n of the nth charge and discharge unit 31111 is turned on, and the remaining switches are in the off state; the first switch S1n and the second switch S2n in each charge and discharge unit 31111 of the second sub-circuit are in the on state, the third switch S3n and the fourth switch S4n in each charge and discharge unit 31111 are in the off state, and the connecting switch S5m is in the off state.

[0154] For a voltage ratio of (n+1):1:

[0155] When the voltage conversion branch 3111 is turned on, in the first sub-period, the first switch S11 in the first charge and discharge unit 31111 among the multiple charge and discharge units 31111 connected in series in the first partial sub-circuit is in the on state, the second switch S2n in the last charge and discharge unit 31111 among the multiple charge and discharge units 31111 connected in series is in the on state, the connecting switch S5m is in the on state, and the remaining switches are in the off state, that is, the first supply voltage Vin output by the battery module 310 charges the first capacitor Cout and the second capacitor Cfn in each charge and discharge unit 31111, and supplies power to the load 400.

[0156] At the same time, the third switch S3n and the fourth switch S4n in each charging and discharging unit 31111 of the second sub-circuit are in the on state, and each connecting switch S5m is in the off state, and the remaining switches are in the off state, that is, the first capacitor Cout is connected in parallel with the second capacitor Cfn in each charging and discharging unit 31111, and the first capacitor Cout and the second capacitor Cfn discharge the load 400.

[0157] In the second sub-cycle, the third switch S3n and the fourth switch S4n in each charge and discharge unit 31111 of the first part of the sub-circuit are in the on state, and each connecting switch S5m is in the off state, and the remaining switches are in the off state; the first switch S11 in the first charge and discharge unit 31111 among the multiple charge and discharge units 31111 connected in series in the second part of the sub-circuit is in the on state, the second switch S2n in the last charge and discharge unit 31111 among the multiple charge and discharge units 31111 connected in series is in the on state, the connecting switch S5m is in the on state, and the remaining switches are in the off state.

[0158] The charge pump circuit employs a dual-phase operating mode, which can reduce ripple in the output second supply voltage and improve the stability of the output second supply voltage. It should be noted that the charge pump circuit can also employ other multi-phase operating modes, such as a four-phase operating mode. The operating principles of these modes are similar to the single-phase and dual-phase operating principles described above and are not further elaborated here.

[0159] like Figure 16 As shown, in one embodiment, a chip 1600 is provided, which may include the voltage transmission circuit 300 described in the above embodiments.

[0160] In one embodiment, an electronic device is provided, which may include the power supply circuit 200 described in the above embodiments, or may include the chip described in the above embodiments.

[0161] like Figure 17 As shown, in one embodiment, a voltage transmission method is provided, which can be applied to the above-mentioned electronic device, or can be applied to the above-mentioned voltage transmission circuit 300; the method may include the following steps:

[0162] Step S1701: Control the switch module 312 to turn on the first voltage transmission branch to obtain a second power supply voltage based on the first power supply voltage output by the battery module 310 through the first voltage transmission branch, and output the second power supply voltage to the load 400;

[0163] Step S1702: When the first supply voltage is less than a first voltage threshold, control the switch module 312 to turn on the second voltage transmission branch, where the first voltage transmission branch and the second voltage transmission branch are two of the at least two voltage transmission branches 311, and the at least two voltage transmission branches 311 are connected in parallel. Different voltage transmission branches 311 correspond to different voltage ratios, where the voltage ratio is the ratio between the first supply voltage received by the voltage transmission branch 311 and the second supply voltage output by the voltage transmission branch 311.

[0164] Step S1703 : When the first power supply voltage and the second power supply voltage satisfy the voltage ratio corresponding to the second voltage transmission branch, the switch module 312 is controlled to disconnect the first voltage transmission branch.

[0165] In some embodiments, the at least two switch units 3121 include a second switch unit, and the second switch unit is connected in series to the second voltage transmission branch. The voltage transmission method further includes:

[0166] When the first supply voltage is less than the first voltage threshold, the second switch unit is controlled to be turned on to turn on the second voltage transmission branch, and the drive signal output to the second switch unit is gradually increased to reduce the on-resistance of the second switch unit.

[0167] In some embodiments, the voltage transmission branch 311 includes a charge pump circuit, which includes a plurality of switches and a plurality of energy storage elements; and the method further includes:

[0168] According to the target voltage ratio, the conduction or disconnection of each switch in the charge pump circuit is controlled to adjust the number of target energy storage elements working in the charge pump circuit, and adjust the connection states of the target energy storage elements corresponding to the energy storage stage and the energy release stage, so that the charge pump circuit transforms the first supply voltage according to the target voltage ratio.

[0169] In some embodiments, the voltage transmission method further includes:

[0170] According to the voltage range to which the first supply voltage output by the battery module 310 belongs, the switch module 312 is controlled to turn on the voltage transmission branch 311 corresponding to the voltage range.

[0171] In the above embodiment, the first voltage transmission branch is turned on by controlling the switch module 312, and the second voltage transmission branch is turned on when the first supply voltage is less than the first voltage threshold, and the first voltage transmission branch is disconnected when the first supply voltage and the second supply voltage meet the voltage ratio corresponding to the second voltage transmission branch. Therefore, before the first supply voltage and the second supply voltage meet the voltage ratio corresponding to the second voltage transmission branch, it is possible to ensure that the first voltage transmission branch is always turned on, thereby solving the problem of insufficient load capacity when switching between different voltage transmission branches 311.

[0172] It should be noted that, for the description of the voltage transmission method provided in the embodiment of the present application, reference may be made to the relevant description of the voltage transmission circuit 300 provided in the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0173] An embodiment of the present application discloses an electronic device, including a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed by the processor, the power amplifier circuit implements the methods described in the above embodiments.

[0174] An embodiment of the present application discloses a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the methods described in the above embodiments.

[0175] The embodiments of the present application disclose a computer program product, including a computer program, and the computer program can be executed by a processor to implement the methods described in the above embodiments.

[0176] It should be understood that the references to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" throughout the specification mean that the specific features, structures, or characteristics associated with the embodiment are included in at least one embodiment of the present application. Therefore, the references to "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" throughout the specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, these specific features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. Those skilled in the art should also be aware that the embodiments described in the specification are all optional embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily required for the present application.

[0177] In the various embodiments of the present application, it should be understood that the size of the serial numbers of the above-mentioned processes does not necessarily mean the order of execution. The order of execution of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

[0178] The units described above as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, i.e., they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of these units may be selected based on actual needs to achieve the objectives of this embodiment.

[0179] In addition, the functional units in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated into a single processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into a single unit. The aforementioned integrated units may be implemented in the form of hardware or software functional units.

[0180] The technical features of the above-mentioned embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. In order to make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-mentioned embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0181] The above describes in detail a voltage transmission circuit, chip, electronic device, and voltage transmission method disclosed in the embodiments of the present application. Specific examples are used herein to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present application. The description of the above embodiments is only intended to help understand the method and core concept of the present application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, based on the concept of the present application, there may be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the contents of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present application.

Claims

1. A voltage transmission circuit, characterized in that: The voltage transmission circuit includes: a battery module, configured to output a first supply voltage; at least two voltage transmission branches, the at least two voltage transmission branches being connected in parallel, and each voltage transmission branch being connected to the battery module and the load, respectively. When the voltage transmission branch is conductive, the voltage transmission branch is configured to obtain a second supply voltage based on the first supply voltage and output the second supply voltage to the load. Different voltage transmission branches correspond to different voltage ratios, where the voltage ratio is the ratio between the first supply voltage received by the voltage transmission branch and the second supply voltage output by the voltage transmission branch. A switch module is connected in series with the at least two voltage transmission branches, the switch module is used to turn on the first voltage transmission branch, and turn on the second voltage transmission branch when the first supply voltage is less than a first voltage threshold, and disconnect the first voltage transmission branch when the first supply voltage and the second supply voltage meet the voltage ratio corresponding to the second voltage transmission branch; the first voltage transmission branch and the second voltage transmission branch are two of the at least two voltage transmission branches.

2. The voltage transmission circuit according to claim 1, wherein: The switch module includes at least two switch units, the at least two switch units correspond to the at least two voltage transmission branches one by one, and the switch units are connected in series to the corresponding voltage transmission branches; The switch unit is used to switch on or off the corresponding voltage transmission branch.

3. The voltage transmission circuit according to claim 2, wherein: The switch unit is a switch with adjustable on-resistance.

4. The voltage transmission circuit according to claim 3, wherein: The at least two switch units include a first switch unit and a second switch unit, the first switch unit is connected in series to the first voltage transmission branch, and the second switch unit is connected in series to the second voltage transmission branch; When both the first switch unit and the second switch unit are turned on, the on-resistance of the second switch unit gradually decreases.

5. The voltage transmission circuit according to claim 4, wherein: The voltage transmission circuit further includes a control module, which is connected to the switch module, wherein: The control module is used to control the second switch unit to turn on when the first supply voltage is less than the first voltage threshold, so as to turn on the second voltage transmission branch, and gradually increase the drive signal output to the second switch unit to reduce the on-resistance of the second switch unit.

6. The voltage transmission circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: The at least two voltage transmission branches include at least two voltage conversion branches; or the at least two voltage transmission branches include a through branch and at least one voltage conversion branch; When the voltage conversion branch is turned on, the voltage conversion branch is used to convert the first supply voltage output by the battery module to obtain a second supply voltage; When the through branch is conductive, the through branch is used to output the first supply voltage output by the battery module as the second supply voltage to the load.

7. The voltage transmission circuit according to claim 6, wherein: The voltage ratio corresponding to the voltage conversion branch is adjustable.

8. The voltage transmission circuit according to claim 7, wherein: The voltage conversion branch includes a charge pump circuit, which includes multiple switches and multiple energy storage elements; the voltage transmission circuit also includes a control module, which is connected to the charge pump circuit; The control module is used to control the conduction or disconnection of each switch in the charge pump circuit according to the target voltage ratio, so as to adjust the number of target energy storage elements working in the charge pump circuit, and adjust the connection states corresponding to the working target energy storage elements in the energy storage stage and the energy release stage, so that the charge pump circuit converts the first supply voltage according to the target voltage ratio.

9. The voltage transmission circuit according to claim 7, wherein: The first voltage transmission branch is a voltage conversion branch, the voltage conversion branch includes a charge pump circuit, and the charge pump circuit includes a switch and an energy storage element; When both the first voltage transmission branch and the second voltage transmission branch are turned on, the switching frequency corresponding to the switch of the charge pump circuit decreases.

10. The voltage transmission circuit according to claim 1, wherein: When the battery module is in a charging state, the switch module is also used to turn on the third voltage transmission branch, and when the first supply voltage is greater than the second voltage threshold, turn on the fourth voltage transmission branch and disconnect the third voltage transmission branch; the third voltage transmission branch and the fourth voltage transmission branch are two of the at least two voltage transmission branches.

11. The voltage transmission circuit according to claim 10, wherein: The switch module includes a third switch unit and a fourth switch unit, the third switch unit is connected in series to the third voltage transmission branch, and the fourth switch unit is connected in series to the fourth voltage transmission branch; When the first supply voltage is greater than the second voltage threshold, the fourth switch unit is turned on and operates in the saturation region, the third switch unit is turned off, and the on-resistance of the fourth switch unit gradually decreases until the fourth switch unit is in a fully on state.

12. The voltage transmission circuit according to claim 1, wherein: The voltage transmission circuit further includes a control module, wherein the control module is connected to the switch module; The control module is configured to control the switch module to conduct a voltage transmission branch corresponding to a voltage range to which the first supply voltage output by the battery module belongs.

13. The voltage transmission circuit according to claim 12, wherein: When the battery module is in a discharging state or a charging state, a voltage threshold of the voltage transmission branch in a voltage range corresponding to the discharging state is smaller than a voltage threshold in a voltage range corresponding to the charging state.

14. A chip, characterized in that: The chip includes the voltage transmission circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 13.

15. An electronic device, characterized in that: The device comprises the voltage transmission circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 13, or comprises the chip according to claim 14.

16. A voltage transmission method, characterized in that: include: Controlling the switch module to turn on the first voltage transmission branch to obtain a second power supply voltage based on the first power supply voltage output by the battery module through the first voltage transmission branch, and outputting the second power supply voltage to the load; When the first supply voltage is less than a first voltage threshold, controlling the switch module to turn on a second voltage transmission branch, where the first voltage transmission branch and the second voltage transmission branch are two of at least two voltage transmission branches, the at least two voltage transmission branches are connected in parallel, and different voltage transmission branches correspond to different voltage ratios, where the voltage ratio is a ratio between the first supply voltage received by the voltage transmission branch and the second supply voltage output by the voltage transmission branch; When the first supply voltage and the second supply voltage satisfy a voltage ratio corresponding to the second voltage transmission branch, the switch module is controlled to disconnect the first voltage transmission branch.

17. The voltage transmission method according to claim 16, wherein: The at least two switch units include a second switch unit, the second switch unit is connected in series to the second voltage transmission branch, and the voltage transmission method further includes: When the first supply voltage is less than the first voltage threshold, the second switch unit is controlled to be turned on to turn on the second voltage transmission branch, and the drive signal output to the second switch unit is gradually increased to reduce the on-resistance of the second switch unit.

18. The voltage transmission method according to claim 16, wherein: The voltage transmission branch includes a charge pump circuit, and the charge pump circuit includes a plurality of switches and a plurality of energy storage elements; the voltage transmission method further includes: According to the target voltage ratio, the conduction or disconnection of each switch in the charge pump circuit is controlled to adjust the number of target energy storage elements working in the charge pump circuit, and adjust the connection states of the working target energy storage elements in the energy storage stage and the energy release stage, so that the charge pump circuit transforms the first supply voltage according to the target voltage ratio.

19. The voltage transmission method according to claim 16, wherein: The voltage transmission method further includes: According to the voltage range to which the first supply voltage output by the battery module belongs, the switch module is controlled to turn on the voltage transmission branch corresponding to the voltage range.

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