Heartbeat packet transmission method and related device

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a heartbeat packet transmission method and a related device. The method comprises the following steps: receiving a downlink heartbeat packet periodically sent by a server based on a preset fixed interval; acquiring the signal intensity and the residual electric quantity of the terminal; determining a first uplink heartbeat interval based on the signal strength and the remaining power; and periodically sending the uplink heartbeat packet based on a first uplink heartbeat interval, wherein the first uplink heartbeat interval is different from the preset fixed interval. According to the embodiment of the invention, the uplink heartbeat interval of the uplink heartbeat packet can be flexibly adjusted, and the endurance of the terminal and the sending of the uplink heartbeat packet are considered.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a heartbeat packet transmission method and related devices. Background Art

[0002] A heartbeat packet is a custom-defined command word that periodically notifies a terminal and server of their status. It is sent at regular intervals, similar to heartbeats, hence the name heartbeat packet. In most scenarios, heartbeat packets use a fixed heartbeat interval. For example, a 30-second uplink heartbeat interval is recommended in the industrial control field. However, using a fixed heartbeat interval for heartbeat packets may not meet the needs of certain scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The embodiments of the present application provide a heartbeat packet transmission method and related devices, which can flexibly adjust the uplink heartbeat interval of the uplink heartbeat packet, taking into account both the terminal's battery life and the sending of the uplink heartbeat packet.

[0004] A first aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a heartbeat packet transmission method, which is applied to a terminal device and includes: Receive downlink heartbeat packets sent periodically by the server based on a preset fixed interval; Obtaining the signal strength and remaining power of the terminal device; Determining a first uplink heartbeat interval based on the signal strength and the remaining power; Uplink heartbeat packets are periodically sent based on the first uplink heartbeat interval; wherein the first uplink heartbeat interval is different from the preset fixed interval.

[0005] In this embodiment of the present application, the uplink heartbeat interval of the uplink heartbeat packet can be flexibly adjusted based on the terminal's signal strength and remaining battery power, taking into account both the terminal's battery life and the transmission of the uplink heartbeat packet. The first uplink heartbeat interval is different from the preset fixed interval, and the uplink and downlink heartbeat packets of the terminal device and the server are transmitted asymmetrically. The downlink heartbeat packet uses a fixed interval to ensure the real-time performance of the downlink data.

[0006] Optionally, before determining the first uplink heartbeat interval based on the signal strength and the remaining power, the method further includes: Normalizing the signal intensity to obtain a normalized signal intensity; The remaining power is normalized to obtain a normalized remaining power.

[0007] Optionally, determining a first uplink heartbeat interval based on the signal strength and the remaining power includes: Performing weight allocation on the signal strength and the remaining power based on a preset power threshold; Calculate the adjustment coefficient based on the assigned weights; The first uplink heartbeat interval is determined based on the adjustment coefficient, a preset expansion coefficient, and a preset reference heartbeat interval.

[0008] Optionally, the weighting of the signal strength and the remaining power based on a preset power threshold includes: If the normalized remaining power is less than the preset power threshold, determining that the weight corresponding to the remaining power is a first value; If the normalized remaining power is greater than or equal to the preset power threshold, determining that the weight corresponding to the remaining power is a second value; The weight corresponding to the signal strength is determined based on the weight corresponding to the remaining power.

[0009] Optionally, calculating the adjustment coefficient according to the allocated weight includes: The adjustment coefficient is calculated based on the weight corresponding to the signal strength, the weight corresponding to the remaining power, the normalized signal strength, and the normalized remaining power.

[0010] Optionally, the periodically sending an uplink heartbeat packet based on the first uplink heartbeat interval includes: Determining a final first uplink heartbeat interval based on the first uplink heartbeat interval, a preset smoothing coefficient, and a second uplink heartbeat interval, where the second uplink heartbeat interval is the uplink heartbeat interval calculated last time; Uplink heartbeat packets are periodically sent based on the final first uplink heartbeat interval.

[0011] A second aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a heartbeat packet transmission method, which is applied to a server and includes: Receiving an uplink heartbeat packet periodically sent by a terminal device according to a first uplink heartbeat interval; Downlink heartbeat packets are periodically sent to the terminal device based on a preset fixed interval; wherein the first uplink heartbeat interval is different from the preset fixed interval.

[0012] In this embodiment of the present application, the first uplink heartbeat interval is different from the preset fixed interval, and the uplink and downlink heartbeat packets of the terminal device and the server are transmitted asymmetrically, which can adapt to more application scenarios. The uplink heartbeat interval of the uplink heartbeat packet can be flexibly adjusted based on the signal strength and remaining battery power of the terminal, taking into account the terminal's battery life and the transmission of the uplink heartbeat packet. The downlink heartbeat packet uses a fixed interval to ensure the real-time performance of the downlink data.

[0013] A third aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a communication system, the communication system comprising a terminal device and a server communicatively connected to each other; The terminal device is configured to periodically send an uplink heartbeat packet based on a first uplink heartbeat interval, where the first uplink heartbeat interval is determined based on the signal strength and remaining power of the terminal device; The server is configured to periodically send downlink heartbeat packets based on a preset fixed interval when the uplink heartbeat packet is received, wherein the first uplink heartbeat interval is different from the preset fixed interval.

[0014] In this embodiment of the present application, the first uplink heartbeat interval is different from the preset fixed interval, and the uplink and downlink heartbeat packets of the terminal device and the server are transmitted asymmetrically, which can adapt to more application scenarios. The uplink heartbeat interval of the uplink heartbeat packet can be flexibly adjusted based on the signal strength and remaining battery power of the terminal, taking into account the terminal's battery life and the transmission of the uplink heartbeat packet. The downlink heartbeat packet uses a fixed interval to ensure the real-time performance of the downlink data.

[0015] A fourth aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a heartbeat packet transmission device, which is applied to a terminal device and includes: The first communication unit is configured to receive a downlink heartbeat packet periodically sent by the server based on a preset fixed interval; an acquiring unit, configured to acquire the signal strength and remaining power of the terminal device; a determining unit, configured to determine a first uplink heartbeat interval based on the signal strength and the remaining power; The first communication unit is further configured to periodically send uplink heartbeat packets based on the first uplink heartbeat interval; wherein the first uplink heartbeat interval is different from the preset fixed interval.

[0016] A fifth aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a heartbeat packet transmission device, which is applied to a server and includes: The second communication unit is used to receive the uplink heartbeat packet periodically sent by the terminal device according to the first uplink heartbeat interval; The second communication unit is further used to periodically send downlink heartbeat packets to the terminal device based on a preset fixed interval; wherein the first uplink heartbeat interval is different from the preset fixed interval.

[0017] The sixth aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a terminal device, including a processor and a memory, the memory is used to store a computer program, the computer program includes program instructions, and the processor is configured to call the program instructions to execute the step instructions in the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application.

[0018] The seventh aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a server, including a processor and a memory, the memory being used to store a computer program, the computer program including program instructions, and the processor being configured to call the program instructions and execute the step instructions as in the second aspect of the embodiment of the present application.

[0019] The eighth aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the above-mentioned computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program for electronic data exchange, wherein the above-mentioned computer program enables the computer to execute part or all of the steps described in the first aspect or the second aspect of the embodiments of the present application.

[0020] A ninth aspect of the present application provides a computer program product, wherein the computer program product includes a computer program operable to cause an application processor to perform some or all of the steps described in the first or second aspects of the present application. The computer program product may be a software installation package.

[0021] In this embodiment of the present application, the uplink heartbeat interval of the uplink heartbeat packet can be flexibly adjusted based on the terminal's signal strength and remaining battery power, taking into account both the terminal's battery life and the transmission of the uplink heartbeat packet. The first uplink heartbeat interval is different from the preset fixed interval, and the uplink and downlink heartbeat packets of the terminal device and the server are transmitted asymmetrically. The downlink heartbeat packet uses a fixed interval to ensure the real-time performance of the downlink data. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 This is a flow chart of a heartbeat packet transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 This is a flow chart of another heartbeat packet transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 This is a flow chart of another heartbeat packet transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of a heartbeat packet transmission device provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 6This is a structural diagram of another heartbeat packet transmission device provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of a terminal device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0025] The terms "first," "second," and the like in the specification and claims of this application and the accompanying drawings are used to distinguish between different objects, not to describe a particular order. Furthermore, the terms "including," "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus comprising a series of steps or elements is not limited to the listed steps or elements but may optionally include steps or elements not listed, or may optionally include other steps or elements inherent to the process, method, product, or apparatus.

[0026] References to "embodiments" in this application mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it constitute an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is understood, both explicitly and implicitly, by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described in this application may be combined with other embodiments.

[0027] The embodiments of the present application provide a heartbeat packet transmission method and related apparatus, which can flexibly adjust the uplink heartbeat interval of the uplink heartbeat packet, taking into account both the terminal's endurance and the transmission of the uplink heartbeat packet.

[0028] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 As shown, the communication system includes a terminal device and a server that are communicatively connected to each other.

[0029] The terminal device is configured to periodically send an uplink heartbeat packet based on a first uplink heartbeat interval, wherein the first uplink heartbeat interval is determined based on the signal strength and remaining power of the terminal device. The first uplink heartbeat interval is dynamically adjusted based on the signal strength and remaining power of the terminal device.

[0030] The server is configured to periodically send downlink heartbeat packets based on a preset fixed interval when receiving an uplink heartbeat packet, wherein the first uplink heartbeat interval is different from the preset fixed interval. The downlink heartbeat packets are periodically sent at the preset fixed interval.

[0031] End devices and servers can establish a communication connection by sending heartbeat packets. Heartbeat packets are custom-defined commands that periodically notify each other of their status. Sent at regular intervals, they resemble heartbeats, hence the name heartbeat packet. Heartbeat packets are used to maintain and monitor the status of network connections. For example, end devices send heartbeat packets (typically containing the end device's ID and status code) to perform bidirectional link activity detection. If the server does not receive a heartbeat packet within a predetermined time threshold, it determines the link is abnormal and triggers a reconnection mechanism.

[0032] Terminal devices can dynamically adjust the periodicity of sending uplink heartbeat packets to the server, while the server can periodically send downlink heartbeat packets to the terminal device. Terminal devices can dynamically adjust the periodicity of sending uplink heartbeat packets, flexibly adjusting the uplink heartbeat interval (i.e., the periodicity of uplink heartbeat packets) based on the terminal device's signal strength and remaining battery life, balancing the terminal device's battery life with the transmission of uplink heartbeat packets. The server can periodically send downlink heartbeat packets at a preset fixed interval to ensure the real-time nature of downlink data. This ensures the real-time nature of downlink data while maximizing the terminal device's battery life and the transmission of uplink heartbeat packets.

[0033] Terminal devices may include any of the following: personal computers (PCs), tablet computers, mobile phones, Internet of Things (IoT) devices, vehicles, etc. Servers may be servers that provide computing or application services, such as cloud servers.

[0034] See also Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a flow chart of a heartbeat packet transmission method provided by an embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 As shown, the heartbeat packet transmission method may include the following steps.

[0035] 201. The terminal device receives a downlink heartbeat packet periodically sent by the server based on a preset fixed interval.

[0036] In an embodiment of the present application, the server can periodically send downlink heartbeat packets based on a preset fixed interval. The downlink heartbeat packets use a fixed interval to ensure the real-time nature of the downlink data.

[0037] Among them, step 201 can be performed before step 202 or after step 204. Step 201 can be performed after step 202 or before step 203, or after step 203 or before step 204. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the execution order of step 201.

[0038] 202. The terminal device obtains the signal strength and remaining power of the terminal device.

[0039] In an embodiment of the present application, the signal strength of the terminal device can reflect the signal quality of the terminal device. The signal strength may include: received signal strength indication (RSSI). RSSI is an indicator used to measure the strength of the radio signal received by the terminal device, usually expressed in decibel milliwatts (dBm). The closer the RSSI value is to 0, the higher the signal strength; conversely, the larger the absolute value of the RSSI, the weaker the signal strength. For example, if the signal strength range of the terminal device fluctuates within a certain RSSI interval. For example, the RSSI interval is [-120dBm, -60dBm], -120dBm is the minimum value in the RSSI interval, the signal is the weakest, and -60dBm is the maximum value in the RSSI interval, the signal is the strongest.

[0040] The remaining power can reflect the battery life of the terminal device. The remaining power can be in a power range. For example, the power range is [0, 100], where 0 is the minimum value in the power range, indicating the minimum remaining power, and 100 is the maximum value in the power range, indicating a larger remaining power.

[0041] The terminal device may include a battery to power the terminal device. The terminal device has signal detection and battery level detection capabilities, and can detect the signal strength and remaining power of the terminal device in real time.

[0042] Wherein, step 202 may be performed periodically, and the terminal device may periodically obtain the signal strength and the remaining power.

[0043] 203. The terminal device determines the first uplink heartbeat interval based on the signal strength and the remaining power.

[0044] In the embodiment of the present application, the first uplink heartbeat interval is closely related to the signal strength and the remaining battery power. The signal strength and the remaining battery power will change over time, and the first uplink heartbeat interval will also change over time.

[0045] The first uplink heartbeat interval is negatively correlated with the remaining battery power. If the signal strength remains unchanged, the higher the remaining battery power, the shorter the first uplink heartbeat interval; if the signal strength remains unchanged, the lower the remaining battery power, the longer the first uplink heartbeat interval. The first uplink heartbeat interval is negatively correlated with the signal strength. If the remaining battery power remains unchanged, the stronger the signal strength, the shorter the first uplink heartbeat interval; if the remaining battery power remains unchanged, the weaker the signal strength, the shorter the first uplink heartbeat interval.

[0046] Optionally, the first uplink heartbeat interval can be determined based on the signal strength and the remaining power in a weighted summation manner. In a possible embodiment, after obtaining the signal strength and the remaining power, the weight corresponding to the signal strength and the weight corresponding to the remaining power can be determined, and the first uplink heartbeat interval can be obtained based on the weighted summation. Exemplarily, the terminal device determines the uplink heartbeat interval based on the signal strength and the remaining power in a weighted summation manner, which may include: determining the first uplink heartbeat interval according to the following formula, first uplink heartbeat interval = weight 1 * signal strength + weight 2 * remaining power. Among them, weight 1 and weight 2 can be pre-set values ​​or dynamically changing values, which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0047] 204. The terminal device periodically sends an uplink heartbeat packet based on a first uplink heartbeat interval; wherein the first uplink heartbeat interval is different from the preset fixed interval.

[0048] The uplink heartbeat packet interval and the downlink heartbeat packet interval can be set differently. The uplink and downlink heartbeat packet intervals are asymmetrically sent and received. The uplink sends heartbeat packets periodically according to the calculated uplink heartbeat packet interval, and the downlink sends heartbeat packets at a fixed interval.

[0049] In an embodiment of the present application, the terminal device may periodically send an uplink heartbeat packet based on the first uplink heartbeat interval, that is, the uplink heartbeat packet is sent at a period of the first uplink heartbeat interval. For example, if the first uplink heartbeat interval is 70 seconds, the terminal device sends an uplink heartbeat packet every 70 seconds.

[0050] Steps 202 to 204 may be performed periodically, thereby periodically adjusting the first uplink heartbeat interval.

[0051] When determining the first uplink heartbeat interval, considering only signal strength can cause the terminal device to consume power too quickly. For example, when a terminal device's signal strength decreases, the terminal device's RF front-end circuitry must increase transmit power to maintain communication link stability. For example, for every 3dB decrease in signal strength, the required compensation power must increase by approximately 100%. For example, when a terminal device's signal strength drops from full to one bar, the terminal device may need to increase transmit power to more than 10 times the initial value, resulting in an exponential increase in instantaneous power consumption.

[0052] If only the remaining battery power is considered when determining the first uplink heartbeat interval, this can lead to idle and wasted resources. For example, in a strong signal scenario (e.g., a terminal device's signal strength is -60dBm), the terminal device's RF power amplifier efficiency can reach over 40%, and the energy consumption per bit of data transmission is only one-fifth of that in a weak signal scenario (e.g., a terminal device's signal strength is -120dBm). If a fixed threshold policy still triggers frequency reduction or disconnection based on a preset battery percentage, the terminal device will enter energy-saving mode prematurely at the optimal communication efficiency stage, resulting in idle and wasted resources.

[0053] In an embodiment of the present application, the terminal device obtains its own signal strength and remaining power; based on the signal strength and the remaining power, it determines the first uplink heartbeat interval; and based on the first uplink heartbeat interval, it periodically sends an uplink heartbeat packet. The first uplink heartbeat interval of the uplink heartbeat packet can be flexibly adjusted based on the signal strength and the remaining power of the terminal device, taking into account both the battery life of the terminal device and the sending of the uplink heartbeat packet. The first uplink heartbeat interval is different from the preset fixed interval, and the uplink and downlink heartbeat packets of the terminal device and the server are transmitted asymmetrically. The downlink heartbeat packet uses a fixed interval to ensure the real-time nature of the downlink data.

[0054] See also Figure 3 , Figure 3 FIG. 1 is a flow chart of another heartbeat packet transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 As shown, the heartbeat packet transmission method may include the following steps.

[0055] 301. The terminal device receives a downlink heartbeat packet periodically sent by the server based on a preset fixed interval.

[0056] 302. The terminal device obtains the signal strength and remaining power of the terminal device.

[0057] The specific implementation of steps 301 to 302 can refer to the above steps 201 to 202, which will not be repeated here.

[0058] 303 , the terminal device normalizes the signal strength to obtain a normalized signal strength; and normalizes the remaining power to obtain a normalized remaining power.

[0059] In the embodiment of the present application, the signal strength and the remaining power are normalized separately, which can adjust the data scale between different data (signal strength and remaining power), eliminate the dimensional differences between different data, and enhance the comparability between different data.

[0060] Optionally, the normalized signal intensity is determined based on the following formula: S = ; Among them, S is the normalized signal strength, RSSI is the signal strength, is the lower limit of signal strength, The upper limit of signal strength.

[0061] In the embodiment of the present application, the RSSI interval is [ , ], The minimum value in the RSSI range indicates the weakest signal. is the maximum value in the RSSI range, and the signal is the strongest. and The signal strength of the terminal device is within the RSSI interval, and S is a value between 0 and 1 (including 0 and 1). The embodiment of the present application provides a method for normalizing the signal strength of the terminal device, which can be , ] is mapped to [0, 1], which can accurately reflect the signal strength by normalizing the signal strength. For example, -120dBm, is -60dBm.

[0062] Optionally, the normalized remaining power is determined based on the following formula: B = B' / 100; Wherein, B' is the remaining power, and B is the normalized remaining power.

[0063] In this embodiment of the present application, the remaining power B' is generally within the power interval [0, 100]. The normalized remaining power B is a value between 0 and 1 (inclusive). This embodiment of the present application provides a method for normalizing the remaining power of a terminal device, which can map the power interval [0, 100] to [0, 1]. This normalized remaining power accurately reflects the remaining power.

[0064] 304. The terminal device weights the signal strength and the remaining power based on a preset power threshold.

[0065] In the embodiment of the present application, the preset power threshold can be set in advance. When the normalized remaining power is less than the preset power threshold, the battery life of the terminal device can be prioritized.

[0066] Optionally, step 304 may specifically include the following steps: (11) If the normalized remaining power is less than the preset power threshold, the terminal device determines that the weight corresponding to the remaining power is a first value; (12) If the normalized remaining power is greater than or equal to the preset power threshold, the terminal device determines that the weight corresponding to the remaining power is a second value, wherein the second value is smaller than the first value.

[0067] (13) The terminal device determines the weight corresponding to the signal strength based on the weight corresponding to the remaining power.

[0068] In the embodiment of the present application, the weight corresponding to the remaining power is W B , the weight corresponding to the signal strength is W S .W S +W B =1.

[0069] For example, W B The following conditions are met: When B is less than 0.2, W B is 0.8; when B is greater than or equal to 0.2, W B is 0.3.

[0070] In the embodiment of the present application, W B is a dynamically changing value. B It can be determined based on the remaining power of the terminal device. When the remaining power of the terminal device is low, W B If it is set higher, α can take more consideration of the remaining power of the terminal device. B If set lower, α can take the signal strength of the terminal device into consideration more. Then, the uplink heartbeat interval of the uplink heartbeat packet can be flexibly adjusted, taking into account the battery life of the terminal device and the sending of the uplink heartbeat packet.

[0071] 305. The terminal device calculates the adjustment coefficient according to the allocated weight.

[0072] The adjustment factor reflects the impact of signal strength and remaining battery power on the current uplink heartbeat interval. The adjustment factor can be determined based on the signal strength and remaining battery power, and can be a dynamically changing value.

[0073] Optionally, step 305 may specifically include the following steps: The terminal device calculates the adjustment coefficient based on the weight corresponding to the signal strength, the weight corresponding to the remaining power, the normalized signal strength and the normalized remaining power.

[0074] Exemplarily, the adjustment coefficient is determined based on the following formula: α = W S *S+W B *B; Among them, α is the adjustment coefficient, W S is the weight corresponding to the signal strength, S is the normalized signal strength, W B is the weight corresponding to the remaining power, B is the normalized remaining power, W S +W B =1.

[0075] S is the normalized signal strength, a value between 0 and 1 (inclusive). It is determined based on the terminal device's signal strength. S = 0 indicates a very poor signal, and S = 1 indicates an excellent signal. B is the normalized remaining battery life, a value between 0 and 1 (inclusive). B is determined based on the terminal device's remaining battery life. B = 0 indicates a depleted battery, and B = 1 indicates a sufficient battery. Both S and B are values ​​between 0 and 1 (inclusive). This allows for scaling between different data sets (signal strength and remaining battery life), eliminating dimensional differences and enhancing comparability.

[0076] W S It can be a fixed value or a dynamically changing value. B It can be a fixed value or a dynamically changing value.

[0077] In the embodiment of the present application, when the signal strength is strong and the remaining power is high, a larger α may be allowed, thereby allowing a shorter uplink heartbeat interval. When the signal strength is weak and the remaining power is low, a smaller α may be allowed, thereby requiring a longer uplink heartbeat interval.

[0078] The value of α can be between 0 and 1 (inclusive). For example, the greater the current signal strength and the higher the current remaining battery power, the larger α is, and the closer α is to 1; the weaker the current signal strength and the lower the current remaining battery power, the smaller α is, and the closer α is to 0.

[0079] 306. The terminal device determines a first uplink heartbeat interval based on the adjustment coefficient, the preset expansion coefficient and the preset reference heartbeat interval.

[0080] In the embodiment of the present application, the preset expansion coefficient is used to reflect the variation range of the uplink heartbeat interval. The larger the preset expansion coefficient, the greater the variation range of the uplink heartbeat interval, and the smaller the preset expansion coefficient, the smaller the variation range of the uplink heartbeat interval. The baseline heartbeat interval defaults to the interval under ideal conditions.

[0081] Exemplarily, the first uplink heartbeat interval is determined based on the following formula: T = T base * [1+β*(1-α)]; Where T is the first uplink heartbeat interval, α is the adjustment coefficient, β is the preset expansion coefficient, T base The baseline heartbeat interval.

[0082] α is an adjustment factor, which reflects the impact of signal strength and remaining battery power on the uplink heartbeat interval. α can be determined based on signal strength and remaining battery power, can be a dynamically changing value, and can range from 0 to 1 (inclusive). For example, a greater signal strength and a higher remaining battery power result in a larger α, and the closer α is to 1; a weaker signal strength and a lower remaining battery power result in a smaller α, and the closer α is to 0.

[0083] β is a preset expansion factor, which reflects the amplitude of the uplink heartbeat interval change. A larger β value indicates a greater amplitude of the uplink heartbeat interval change, while a smaller β value indicates a smaller amplitude of the uplink heartbeat interval change. β dynamically adjusts response speed. By amplifying the weight of the original adjustment variable (1-α), β directly influences the adjustment amplitude of the control period T. When the system is experiencing severe disturbances (such as sudden changes in channel quality), a larger β value (such as 2.0) can increase the interval adjustment to three times the baseline value (when α → 0), thereby achieving rapid response. β also implements an overshoot suppression mechanism. In a second-order system model, the value of β directly affects the equivalent damping ratio. When β = 2.0, the system's equivalent damping ratio is increased, reducing overshoot. This nonlinear regulation characteristic effectively avoids the risk of oscillation divergence. β also enables steady-state error compensation, automatically increasing the regulation force when errors persist. Experimental data shows that increasing β from 1.0 to 2.0 shortens the steady-state error elimination time by 40%.

[0084] In one possible example, β can be a dynamically changing value, for example, β can dynamically change between 1 and 10. Exemplarily, β can be dynamically changed based on the usage scenario of the terminal device. For example, for scenarios where the amplitude of the uplink heartbeat interval is more sensitive to changes, β can be set to a smaller value (for example, when the terminal device is a mobile phone, when the mobile phone is playing an online game, β can be set to a smaller value); for scenarios where the amplitude of the uplink heartbeat interval is not sensitive to changes, β can be set to a larger value (for example, when the terminal device is a vehicle, when the vehicle is navigating, β can be set to a larger value). In another possible example, β can also be a fixed value. β can be fixedly set to a value between 1 and 10 (inclusive), for example, β can be fixedly set to 2.

[0085] T base is the baseline heartbeat interval, the default interval under ideal conditions. For example, Tbase It can be a fixed duration, for example, T base Can be set to 60 seconds.

[0086] In an embodiment of the present application, the first uplink heartbeat interval calculated based on the above formula not only takes into account the impact of signal strength and remaining power on the uplink heartbeat interval, but also takes into account the variation amplitude of the uplink heartbeat interval to avoid sudden changes in the uplink heartbeat interval, so that the calculated first uplink heartbeat interval meets the needs of the terminal device.

[0087] 307. The terminal device periodically sends an uplink heartbeat packet based on a first uplink heartbeat interval; wherein the first uplink heartbeat interval is different from a preset fixed interval.

[0088] Optionally, step 307 may specifically include the following steps: (21) The terminal device determines a final first uplink heartbeat interval based on the first uplink heartbeat interval, a preset smoothing coefficient, and a second uplink heartbeat interval, where the second uplink heartbeat interval is the uplink heartbeat interval calculated last time; (22) The terminal device periodically sends an uplink heartbeat packet based on the final first uplink heartbeat interval.

[0089] Exemplarily, the final first uplink heartbeat interval is determined based on the following formula: T f =γ*T prev +(1-γ) *T; Among them, T is the first uplink heartbeat interval, T f is the final first uplink heartbeat interval, γ is the preset smoothing coefficient, T base is the baseline heartbeat interval, T prev The second uplink heartbeat interval, that is, the uplink heartbeat interval calculated last time.

[0090] γ is a preset smoothing coefficient, also known as a smoothing factor or filtering coefficient. γ can be used to prevent sudden changes in the uplink heartbeat interval. For example, it can prevent the uplink heartbeat interval from changing significantly from the previously calculated uplink heartbeat interval. A larger γ value results in a better smoothing effect, while a smaller γ value results in a worse smoothing effect. For example, γ∈[0.6,0.8]. For example, γ can be set to 0.6.

[0091] Optionally, when the first uplink heartbeat interval T is within the heartbeat interval interval, the terminal device calculates T based on the first uplink heartbeat interval T. f For example, the final first uplink heartbeat interval T is calculated according to the following formula: f :T f =γ*T prev +(1-γ) *T.

[0092] In the case where the first uplink heartbeat interval is less than the lower limit of the heartbeat interval, the terminal device is based on the lower limit T of the heartbeat interval. min Calculate T f For example, the final first uplink heartbeat interval T is calculated according to the following formula: f :T f =γ*T prev +(1-γ) *T min .

[0093] In the case where the first uplink heartbeat interval is greater than the upper limit of the heartbeat interval, the terminal device is based on the upper limit T of the heartbeat interval. max Calculate T f For example, the final first uplink heartbeat interval T is calculated according to the following formula: f :T f =γ*T prev +(1-γ) *T max .

[0094] In the embodiment of the present application, the heartbeat interval is [T min , T max ], T min is the lower limit of the heartbeat interval, T max It is the upper limit of the heartbeat interval. min and T max Both can be fixed values. For example, T min is 10 seconds, T max 300 seconds.

[0095] In the embodiment of the present application, T can be constrained to be within the heartbeat interval [T min , T max ], thereby preventing the calculated first uplink heartbeat interval T from exceeding the heartbeat interval range, and preventing T from being too large or too small. For example, when α or β produces an abnormal value due to sensor failure (such as α>1), the constraint T is within the heartbeat interval range [T min , T max ], thus avoiding the calculated T f For example, the final first uplink heartbeat interval T can be avoided. f Less than the lower limit T of the heartbeat interval min , can prevent the terminal device from sending uplink heartbeat packets too frequently, thereby reducing the power consumption of the terminal device. It can also avoid the calculated final first uplink heartbeat interval T f Greater than the upper limit T of the heartbeat interval max , which can prevent the connection between the terminal device and the server from timing out.

[0096] For example, if the signal strength of the terminal device is strong and the battery is sufficient, the calculated S=0.8 and B=0.9. B The following conditions are met: When B is less than 0.2, W B is 0.8; when B is greater than or equal to 0.2, W B is 0.3. Then W S is 0.7, W B is 0.3. α=0.7×0.8+0.3×0.9=0.83, if β=2, T base =60, then T=60×(1+2×0.17)=60×1.34=80.4. If γ=0.6, T prev =71.5 seconds, then T f =0.6×71.5+0.4×80.4=75.06≈75, then it can be determined that the final first uplink heartbeat interval is 75 seconds.

[0097] For another example, if the signal strength of the terminal device is weak and the battery is low, the calculated S=0.3 and B=0.1. B The following conditions are met: When B is less than 0.2, W B is 0.8; when B is greater than or equal to 0.2, W B is 0.3. Then W S is 0.2, W B is 0.8. α=0.2×0.3+0.8×0.1=0.14, if β=2, T base =60, then T=60×(1+2×0.86)=163.2. If γ=0.6, T prev =141 seconds, then T f =0.6×141+0.4×163.2=149.88≈150, then it can be determined that the final first uplink heartbeat interval is 150 seconds.

[0098] See also Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a flow chart of another heartbeat packet transmission method provided by the embodiment of the present application. Figure 4 As shown, the heartbeat packet transmission method may include the following steps.

[0099] 401. The server receives an uplink heartbeat packet periodically sent by a terminal device according to a first uplink heartbeat interval.

[0100] Among them, the first uplink heartbeat interval is determined based on the signal strength and remaining power of the terminal device.

[0101] 402. The server periodically sends downlink heartbeat packets to the terminal device based on a preset fixed interval; wherein the first uplink heartbeat interval is different from the preset fixed interval. In this embodiment of the present application, the preset fixed interval is set to a fixed value, and the downlink heartbeat packets are periodically received using the fixed downlink heartbeat interval. This ensures the real-time nature of the downlink data. While ensuring the real-time nature of the downlink data, the terminal device's battery life and the transmission of uplink heartbeat packets are maximized.

[0102] The uplink heartbeat packet interval and the downlink heartbeat packet interval can be set differently. The uplink and downlink heartbeat packet intervals are asymmetrically sent and received. The uplink sends heartbeat packets periodically according to the calculated uplink heartbeat packet interval, and the downlink sends heartbeat packets at a fixed interval.

[0103] The following uses the Internet of Vehicles communication scenario as an example to illustrate, with a vehicle as the terminal device.

[0104] In the uplink (vehicle → cloud server): When the vehicle's battery power is good, when the vehicle enters a tunnel or remote area (where the vehicle's network signal is weak), this solution can be used to shorten the uplink heartbeat interval (e.g., 1 second → 0.5 seconds) to quickly reconnect; in areas with stable signals, this solution can be used to extend the interval (e.g., 5 seconds) to reduce energy consumption. When the vehicle's battery power begins to decrease, the final first uplink heartbeat interval T can be calculated as described above. f The uplink heartbeat interval is obtained by the formula to ensure energy consumption and optimize the uplink heartbeat packet sending function as much as possible.

[0105] Downlink (cloud server → vehicle): The cloud server maintains a fixed heartbeat interval (e.g., 1 second) to ensure that emergency commands (e.g., collision warning, route replanning) can reach the vehicle in real time.

[0106] The above mainly introduces the scheme of the embodiment of the present application from the perspective of the execution process on the method side. It is understandable that, in order to implement the above functions, the terminal device includes a hardware structure and / or software module corresponding to the execution of each function. Those skilled in the art should easily realize that, in combination with the units and algorithm steps of each example described in the embodiment provided in this document, the present application can be implemented in the form of hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a function is executed in a hardware or computer software driven hardware manner depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of this application.

[0107] The embodiment of the present application can divide the terminal device into functional units according to the above method example. For example, each functional unit can be divided according to each function, or two or more functions can be integrated into one processing unit. The above integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units. It should be noted that the division of units in the embodiment of the present application is schematic and is only a logical functional division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods.

[0108] See also Figure 5 , Figure 5 : is a structural diagram of a heartbeat packet transmission device provided in an embodiment of the present application. The heartbeat packet transmission device 500 is applied to a terminal device. The heartbeat packet transmission device 500 may include a first communication unit 501, an acquisition unit 502, and a determination unit 503, wherein: The first communication unit 501 is configured to receive a downlink heartbeat packet periodically sent by the server based on a preset fixed interval; An acquiring unit 502 is configured to acquire the signal strength and remaining power of a terminal device; A determining unit 503 is configured to determine a first uplink heartbeat interval based on the signal strength and the remaining power; The first communication unit 501 is further configured to periodically send an uplink heartbeat packet based on the first uplink heartbeat interval; wherein the first uplink heartbeat interval is different from the preset fixed interval.

[0109] Optionally, the heartbeat packet transmission device 500 may further include a normalization processing unit 504; A normalization processing unit 504 is configured to perform normalization processing on the signal strength to obtain a normalized signal strength; The normalization processing unit 504 is further configured to perform normalization processing on the remaining power to obtain a normalized remaining power.

[0110] Optionally, the determination unit 503 determines the first uplink heartbeat interval based on the signal strength and the remaining power, including: allocating weights to the signal strength and the remaining power based on a preset power threshold; calculating an adjustment coefficient based on the allocated weights; and determining the first uplink heartbeat interval based on the adjustment coefficient, a preset expansion coefficient and a preset benchmark heartbeat interval.

[0111] Optionally, the determination unit 503 assigns weights to the signal strength and the remaining power based on a preset power threshold, including: when the normalized remaining power is less than the preset power threshold, determining that the weight corresponding to the remaining power is a first value; when the normalized remaining power is greater than or equal to the preset power threshold, determining that the weight corresponding to the remaining power is a second value; and determining the weight corresponding to the signal strength based on the weight corresponding to the remaining power.

[0112] Optionally, the first communication unit 501 periodically sends an uplink heartbeat packet based on the first uplink heartbeat interval, including: determining a final first uplink heartbeat interval based on the first uplink heartbeat interval, a preset smoothing coefficient, and a second uplink heartbeat interval, wherein the second uplink heartbeat interval is the uplink heartbeat interval calculated last time; and periodically sending an uplink heartbeat packet based on the final first uplink heartbeat interval. The acquisition unit 502, the determination unit 503, and the normalization processing unit 504 in the embodiment of the present application may be a processor in a terminal device. The first communication unit 501 may be a communication module in a terminal device.

[0113] In this embodiment of the present application, the uplink heartbeat interval of the uplink heartbeat packet can be flexibly adjusted based on the terminal's signal strength and remaining battery power, taking into account both the terminal's battery life and the transmission of the uplink heartbeat packet. The first uplink heartbeat interval is different from the preset fixed interval, and the uplink and downlink heartbeat packets of the terminal device and the server are transmitted asymmetrically. The downlink heartbeat packet uses a fixed interval to ensure the real-time performance of the downlink data.

[0114] See also Figure 6 , Figure 6 1 is a structural diagram of another heartbeat packet transmission device provided in an embodiment of the present application. The heartbeat packet transmission device 600 is applied to a server and may include a second communication unit 601.

[0115] The second communication unit 601 is used to receive an uplink heartbeat packet periodically sent by a terminal device according to a first uplink heartbeat interval; The second communication unit 601 is further used to periodically send downlink heartbeat packets to the terminal device based on a preset fixed interval; wherein the first uplink heartbeat interval is different from the preset fixed interval.

[0116] The second communication unit 601 may be a communication module in a server.

[0117] In this embodiment of the present application, the first uplink heartbeat interval is different from the preset fixed interval, and the uplink and downlink heartbeat packets of the terminal device and the server are transmitted asymmetrically, which can adapt to more application scenarios. The uplink heartbeat interval of the uplink heartbeat packet can be flexibly adjusted based on the signal strength and remaining battery power of the terminal, taking into account the terminal's battery life and the transmission of the uplink heartbeat packet. The downlink heartbeat packet uses a fixed interval to ensure the real-time performance of the downlink data.

[0118] See also Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a terminal device provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 7 As shown, the terminal device 700 includes a processor 701 and a memory 702. The processor 701 and the memory 702 can be connected to each other via a communication bus 703. The communication bus 703 can be a peripheral component interconnect (PCI) bus or an extended industry standard architecture (EISA) bus. The communication bus 703 can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of representation, Figure 7 The memory 702 is used to store computer programs, which include program instructions. The processor 701 is configured to call program instructions. The program includes instructions for executing Figures 2 to 3 Some or all of the steps in the method shown.

[0119] The processor 701 may be a general-purpose central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits for controlling the execution of the above program.

[0120] The memory 702 may be a read-only memory (ROM) or other type of static storage device capable of storing static information and instructions, a random access memory (RAM) or other type of dynamic storage device capable of storing information and instructions, an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disc storage, an optical disc storage (including compact discs, laser discs, optical discs, digital versatile discs, Blu-ray discs, etc.), a magnetic disk storage medium or other magnetic storage device, or any other medium capable of carrying or storing desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and accessible by a computer, but is not limited thereto. The memory may be independent and connected to the processor via a bus. The memory may also be integrated with the processor.

[0121] The terminal device 700 may further include a communication module 704 .

[0122] In addition, the terminal device 700 may also include common components such as a communication interface, a radio frequency module (eg, a power amplifier), and an antenna, which will not be described in detail here.

[0123] In this embodiment of the present application, the uplink heartbeat interval of the uplink heartbeat packet can be flexibly adjusted based on the terminal's signal strength and remaining battery power, taking into account both the terminal's battery life and the transmission of the uplink heartbeat packet. The first uplink heartbeat interval is different from the preset fixed interval, and the uplink and downlink heartbeat packets of the terminal device and the server are transmitted asymmetrically. The downlink heartbeat packet uses a fixed interval to ensure the real-time performance of the downlink data.

[0124] An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program for electronic data exchange, and the computer program enables a computer to execute part or all of the steps of any heartbeat packet transmission method described in the above method embodiments.

[0125] It should be noted that for the aforementioned method embodiments, for the sake of simplicity, they are all expressed as a series of action combinations, but those skilled in the art should be aware that this application is not limited by the order of the actions described, because according to this application, certain steps can be performed in other orders or simultaneously. Secondly, those skilled in the art should also be aware that the embodiments described in the specification are all preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily required by this application.

[0126] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own focus. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0127] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of the units is merely a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units can be electrical or other forms.

[0128] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of these units may be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0129] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of the application may be integrated into a single processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into a single unit. The aforementioned integrated units may be implemented in the form of hardware or software program modules.

[0130] If the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software program module and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable memory. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a memory and includes several instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present application. The aforementioned memory includes: U disk, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), mobile hard disk, magnetic disk, or optical disk, etc., various media that can store program code.

[0131] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps in the various methods of the above embodiments can be completed by instructing related hardware through a program, and the program can be stored in a computer-readable memory, which may include: a flash drive, a read-only memory, a random access memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc.

[0132] The above is a detailed introduction to the embodiments of the present application. Specific examples are used herein to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core idea of ​​the present application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of ​​the present application, there may be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

Claims

1. A heartbeat packet transmission method, characterized in that: The method is applied to a terminal device, and the method includes: Receive downlink heartbeat packets sent periodically by the server based on a preset fixed interval; Obtaining the signal strength and remaining power of the terminal device; Determining a first uplink heartbeat interval based on the signal strength and the remaining power; Uplink heartbeat packets are periodically sent based on the first uplink heartbeat interval; wherein the first uplink heartbeat interval is different from the preset fixed interval.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Before determining the first uplink heartbeat interval based on the signal strength and the remaining power, the method further includes: Normalizing the signal intensity to obtain a normalized signal intensity; The remaining power is normalized to obtain a normalized remaining power.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The determining, based on the signal strength and the remaining power, a first uplink heartbeat interval, includes: Performing weight allocation on the signal strength and the remaining power based on a preset power threshold; Calculate the adjustment coefficient based on the assigned weights; The first uplink heartbeat interval is determined based on the adjustment coefficient, a preset expansion coefficient, and a preset reference heartbeat interval.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The weighting of the signal strength and the remaining power based on a preset power threshold includes: If the normalized remaining power is less than the preset power threshold, determining that the weight corresponding to the remaining power is a first value; If the normalized remaining power is greater than or equal to the preset power threshold, determining that the weight corresponding to the remaining power is a second value; The weight corresponding to the signal strength is determined based on the weight corresponding to the remaining power.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that Calculating the adjustment coefficient according to the allocated weights includes: The adjustment coefficient is calculated based on the weight corresponding to the signal strength, the weight corresponding to the remaining power, the normalized signal strength, and the normalized remaining power.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The periodically sending an uplink heartbeat packet based on the first uplink heartbeat interval includes: Determining a final first uplink heartbeat interval based on the first uplink heartbeat interval, a preset smoothing coefficient, and a second uplink heartbeat interval, where the second uplink heartbeat interval is the uplink heartbeat interval calculated last time; Uplink heartbeat packets are periodically sent based on the final first uplink heartbeat interval.

7. A heartbeat packet transmission method, characterized in that: The method is applied to a server and includes: Receiving an uplink heartbeat packet periodically sent by a terminal device according to a first uplink heartbeat interval; Downlink heartbeat packets are periodically sent to the terminal device based on a preset fixed interval; wherein the first uplink heartbeat interval is different from the preset fixed interval.

8. A communication system, characterized in that: The communication system includes a terminal device and a server that are communicatively connected to each other; The terminal device is configured to periodically send an uplink heartbeat packet based on a first uplink heartbeat interval, where the first uplink heartbeat interval is determined based on the signal strength and remaining power of the terminal device; The server is configured to periodically send downlink heartbeat packets based on a preset fixed interval when receiving the uplink heartbeat packet, wherein the first uplink heartbeat interval is different from the preset fixed interval.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, wherein the computer program includes program instructions, and when the program instructions are executed by an application processor, the application processor executes the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer program product, characterized in that The computer program product includes a computer program, and when the computer program is executed, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is executed.

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