Maize seed production castration mechanism

Abstract

A corn seed production castration mechanism belongs to agricultural machinery. A square frame is installed on the inner side portion of an n-shaped main frame in a swinging and hanging mode, the n-shaped main frame is provided with a horizontal angle adjusting servo motor, a vertical angle adjusting servo motor and an automatic controller, and a roller spacing adjusting mechanism composed of a lead screw support, a bidirectional lead screw servo motor, a bidirectional lead screw, a left-handed nut and a right-handed nut is installed on the outer portion of the upper end of the square frame. A small roller housing, an n-shaped seat plate A, a small roller servo motor, a small roller shaft, a cylindrical small roller body, a small electrode plate, a small roller supporting sliding block and a castration mechanism consisting of a large roller housing, an n-shaped seat plate B, a large roller servo motor, a large roller shaft, a cylindrical large roller body, a large electrode plate, a large roller supporting sliding block and a guide rail are arranged on the inner side part of the square frame; the strain gauges A and B and the camera form a sensing system; the mechanism is high in adaptive capacity, high in automation degree, good in female parent plant tassel bud removal effect, high in complete removal rate and free of pollen scattering.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to agricultural machinery, and mainly relates to a detasseling mechanism for corn seed production. Background Art

[0002] In corn seed production operations, in order to ensure seed quality and avoid self-pollination of the mother plants, the tassels on the corn mother plants in the seed field need to be completely removed when they are in the tassel bud stage. They must not be damaged and must be collected and not left in the field. Otherwise, the tassel buds of the mother plants left in the field will still be damaged and the pollen will be scattered, resulting in a decrease in seed purity.

[0003] Currently, detasseling machines for corn seed production have been developed. However, due to structural design deficiencies and defects, as well as significant differences in the dimensions and mechanical properties of the tassel bracts on the female plants, these machines do not completely remove the tassel bracts from the female plants, easily damaging the tassel bracts and causing pollen to scatter. Furthermore, these machines lack a pollen collection function, which compromises the quality of corn seed production. Due to these issues, manual detasseling is still the primary method for removing tassel bracts from female plants in corn seed production fields. This labor-intensive, costly, and inefficient process is a technical challenge that must be overcome and addressed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to address the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, and in combination with the actual needs of removing the male tassels on the mother plants in the current corn seed fields, to develop and design a new structure of corn seed removal mechanism, so as to achieve the purpose of removing the male tassels of the mother plants of corn thoroughly, with good removal quality, high efficiency, no powder dispersion and low labor intensity.

[0005] The purpose of the invention is achieved in this way: a Π-shaped main frame is installed on the lower end of the L-shaped mounting plate so as to be rotatable reciprocatingly along the horizontal plane, a horizontal angle adjustment servo motor is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the L-shaped mounting plate, a motor shaft of the horizontal angle adjustment servo motor is fixedly connected to the Π-shaped main frame, an automatic controller is fixedly mounted on the Π-shaped main frame, a square frame is vertically rotatably supported and installed by a pin shaft on the inner wall surface of the vertical wall on one side of the Π-shaped main frame, a vertical angle adjustment servo motor is fixedly mounted on the inner wall surface of the vertical wall on the other side of the Π-shaped main frame, and the motor shaft of the vertical angle adjustment servo motor is fixedly connected to the square frame; a screw bracket is fixedly mounted on the upper end surface of the top plate of the square frame, located at the inner side of the Π-shaped main frame, and a bidirectional screw is rotatably supported and inserted into the screw bracket The cam is provided with a plurality of guide rails, each of which is provided with a plurality of guide rails, and a plurality of guide rails are provided on the cam, and a plurality of guide rails are provided on the cam. On the lower side, Π-shaped seat plates A and Π-shaped seat plates B are respectively fixed on the upper end surfaces of the small roller cover and the large roller cover, and the Π-shaped seat plates A and Π-shaped seat plates B are respectively fixed with the left-hand nut and the right-hand nut, and the strain gauges A and B are respectively fixed on the Π-shaped seat plates A and the Π-shaped seat plates B, and the small roller shaft and the large roller shaft are respectively inserted into the small roller cover and the large roller cover in vertical directions parallel to each other and rotatable, and the small roller shaft and the large roller shaft are respectively inserted into the rotors of the small roller slip ring and the large roller slip ring and fixedly connected, and cylindrical small roller bodies and cylindrical large roller bodies are respectively fixed on the small roller shaft and the large roller shaft at positions inside the small roller cover and the large roller cover cavity that cooperate with each other, and in the axial grooves on the cylindrical surfaces of the cylindrical small roller body and the cylindrical large roller body. A plurality of small electrode plates and a large electrode plate are respectively embedded and fixed, and the small electrode plates and the large electrode plates are respectively connected to the small roller slip ring and the large roller slip ring through wires; a small roller servo motor and a large roller servo motor are respectively fixed on the upper ends of the Π-shaped seat plate A and the Π-shaped seat plate B, and the motor shafts of the small roller servo motor and the motor shafts of the large roller servo motor are respectively connected to the small roller shaft and the large roller shaft; a discharge pipe is installed on the rear end of the square frame through a pipe bracket, and the discharge pipe is connected to a fixed collection box; a small roller powder cleaning brush, a small roller collecting plate and a large roller powder cleaning brush, and a large roller collecting plate are respectively fixed on the inner wall surfaces of the small roller cover and the large roller cover, the small roller powder cleaning brush is in contact with the cylindrical small roller body, and the large roller powder cleaning brush is in contact with the cylindrical large roller body;An external high-voltage power supply is connected to the small roller slip ring, large roller slip ring, small roller collection plate, and large roller collection plate via wires. The automatic controller is also connected to strain gauge A, strain gauge B, small roller servo motor, large roller servo motor, bidirectional screw servo motor, horizontal angle adjustment servo motor, vertical angle adjustment servo motor, and camera via wires, forming the corn seed production emasculation mechanism.

[0006] The invention has a novel, unique and reasonable structure, strong adaptability, high degree of automation, good effect of removing the male tassel bracts of the mother plant, little damage to the male tassel bracts, no powder dispersion, high removal rate, and low operating labor intensity, providing technical support for the mechanized operation of removing the female plant male tassel bracts in corn seed production fields and ensuring the quality of seed production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0007] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the corn seed production emasculation mechanism; Figure 2 It is a two-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the corn seed production emasculation mechanism; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Rear view; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Left view of; Figure 5 yes Figure 2 A-A sectional view; Figure 6 yes Figure 4 B-B sectional view; Figure 7 yes Figure 2 A top view of Figure 8 yes Figure 1 3D rear view diagram.

[0008] Description of part numbers in the figure: 1. Small electrode plate, 2. Cylindrical small roller, 3. Small roller cover, 4. Strain gauge A, 5. Small roller shaft, 6. Pi-shaped seat plate A, 7. Small roller servo motor, 8. Left-hand nut, 9. Pi-shaped main frame, 10. Automatic controller, 11. Camera, 12. Horizontal angle adjustment servo motor, 13. Bidirectional screw, 14. Right-hand nut, 15. Screw bracket, 16. High-voltage power supply, 17. Bidirectional screw servo motor, 18. Large roller servo motor, 19. Pi-shaped seat plate B, 20. Large roller shaft, 21 , strain gauge B, 22, large roller cover, 23, cylindrical large roller body, 24, large electrode plate, 25, vertical angle adjustment servo motor, 26, square frame, 27, small roller support slider, 28, guide rail, 29, pin shaft, 30, small roller slip ring, 31, large roller slip ring, 32, large roller support slider, 33, collection box, 34, discharge pipe, 35, pipe bracket, 36, large roller powder cleaning brush, 37, small roller powder cleaning brush, 38, small roller collection plate, 39, large roller collection plate, 40, L-shaped mounting plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0009] The following describes the implementation scheme of the invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. A corn seed detasseling mechanism, wherein a Π-shaped main frame 9 is mounted on the lower end of an L-shaped mounting plate 40 so as to be rotatable along a horizontal plane, a horizontal angle adjustment servo motor 12 is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the L-shaped mounting plate 40, the motor shaft of the horizontal angle adjustment servo motor 12 is fixedly connected to the Π-shaped main frame 9, an automatic controller 10 is fixedly mounted on the Π-shaped main frame 9, a square frame 26 is vertically rotatably supported and mounted on the inner wall surface of a vertical wall on one side of the Π-shaped main frame 9 via a pin shaft 29, a vertical angle adjustment servo motor 25 is fixedly mounted on the inner wall surface of a vertical wall on the other side of the Π-shaped main frame 9, the motor shaft of the vertical angle adjustment servo motor 25 is fixedly connected to the square frame 26; a wire rod is fixedly mounted on the upper end surface of the top plate of the square frame 26, located on the inner side of the Π-shaped main frame 9. The rod bracket 15, the bidirectional lead screw 13 is rotatably supported and inserted on the lead screw bracket 15, and a bidirectional lead screw servo motor 17 is fixed on the outer end portion of one side of the lead screw bracket 15, and the motor shaft of the bidirectional lead screw servo motor 17 is connected to the bidirectional lead screw 13, and a left-handed nut 8 and a right-handed nut 14 are respectively installed on the left and right sides of the bidirectional lead screw 13 for radial positioning, circumferential relative rotation and axial movement, and a camera 11 is installed on the front side of the upper end of the square frame 26; a fixed guide rail 28 is installed on the upper end surface of the bottom plate of the square frame 26 and is parallel to the bidirectional lead screw 13, and a small roller support slider 27 and a large roller support slider 32 are reciprocally installed on the left and right sides of the guide rail 28, The upper end of the supporting slider 32 supports and fixes the small roller cover 3 and the large roller cover 22 respectively. The stators of the small roller slip ring 30 and the large roller slip ring 31 are fixed on the lower side of the upper wall plate of the small roller cover 3 and the large roller cover 22 respectively. The Π-shaped seat plate A6 and the Π-shaped seat plate B19 are fixed on the upper end surface of the small roller cover 3 and the large roller cover 22 respectively. The Π-shaped seat plate A6 and the Π-shaped seat plate B19 are respectively fixed with the left-handed nut 8 and the right-handed nut 14 respectively. The strain gauge A4 and the strain gauge B21 are respectively fixed on the Π-shaped seat plate A6 and the Π-shaped seat plate B19 respectively. The small roller shaft 5 and the large roller shaft 20 are respectively inserted into the small roller slip ring 30 and the large roller cover 22 in parallel and rotatable directions. The small roller shaft 5 and the large roller shaft 20 are respectively inserted and installed on the small roller slip ring 30 and the large roller cover 22. The rotor of the large roller slip ring 31 is fixedly connected, and the cylindrical small roller body 2 and the cylindrical large roller body 23 are fixedly mounted on the small roller shaft 5 and the large roller shaft 20, and are located in the inner positions of the small roller cover 3 and the large roller cover 22, respectively. A plurality of small electrode plates 1 and large electrode plates 24 are respectively embedded and fixed in the axial grooves on the cylindrical surfaces of the cylindrical small roller body 2 and the cylindrical large roller body 23. The small electrode plates 1 and the large electrode plates 24 are respectively connected to the small roller slip ring 30 and the large roller slip ring 31 through wires. The small roller servo motor 7 and the large roller servo motor 18 are respectively fixed on the upper ends of the Π-shaped seat plate A6 and the Π-shaped seat plate B19. The motor shafts of the small roller servo motor 7 and the motor shafts of the large roller servo motor 18 are respectively connected to the small roller shaft 5 and the large roller shaft 20;A discharge pipe 34 is mounted on the rear end of the square frame 26 via a pipe bracket 35 and communicates with a fixed collection box 33. A small roller cleaning brush 37, a small roller collection plate 38, and a large roller cleaning brush 36, a large roller collection plate 39 are fixedly mounted on the inner walls of the small roller housing 3 and the large roller housing 22, respectively. The small roller cleaning brush 37 contacts the cylindrical small roller body 2, while the large roller cleaning brush 36 contacts the cylindrical large roller body 23. An external high-voltage power supply 16 is connected to the small roller slip ring 30, the large roller slip ring 31, the small roller collection plate 38, and the large roller collection plate 39 via wires. The automatic controller 10 is also connected to the strain gauge A4, the strain gauge B21, the small roller servo motor 7, the large roller servo motor 18, the bidirectional lead screw servo motor 17, the horizontal angle adjustment servo motor 12, the vertical angle adjustment servo motor 25, and the camera 11 via wires.

[0010] When in use, the corn seed emasculation mechanism is hung as a whole on the emasculation operation tool by using the L-shaped mounting plate 40 and the fixed assembly of the emasculation machine to move forward randomly, the automatic controller 10 is turned on, the high-voltage power supply 16 is connected to the connected components for power supply, the camera 11 takes the image of the male spike bract in real time and transmits it to the automatic controller 10, the automatic controller 10 recognizes and extracts the top coordinates and root coordinates of the male spike bract on the female plant from the male spike bract image, and the automatic controller 10 transmits the control command to the horizontal angle adjustment servo motor 12 and the vertical angle adjustment servo motor 25 to rotate them respectively, and the horizontal angle adjustment servo motor 12 and the vertical angle adjustment servo motor 25 respectively drive the Π-shaped main frame 9 and the components thereon and the square frame 26 and the components thereon to adjust the horizontal angle and vertical angle, so that the forward tilt and lateral tilt angles of the square frame 26 relative to the female plant male spike bract are suitable for the emasculation posture requirements, and synchronously, the automatic controller 10 transmits the control command to the bidirectional screw servo motor 17 to rotate, driving the left-hand nut 8 And right-hand nut 14, and respectively through the Π-shaped seat plate A6, the small roller cover 3 and the Π-shaped seat plate B19, the large roller cover 22, the small roller support slider 31, the guide rail 28 and the large roller support slider 32, the guide rail 28 to make the cylindrical small roller body 2 and the cylindrical large roller body 23 move towards each other. At this time, the automatic controller 10 simultaneously starts the small roller servo motor 7 and the large roller servo motor 18 to rotate in the opposite direction, driving the cylindrical small roller body 2 and the cylindrical large roller body 23 to rotate in the opposite direction to clamp the male spike on the female plant. The bud is extracted and the operation of extracting the tassel buds from the mother plant is completed. During the entire extraction process, the strain gauge A4 and the strain gauge B21 respectively detect the clamping force of the cylindrical small roller body 2 and the cylindrical large roller body 23, and the automatic controller 10 regulates the bidirectional screw servo motor 17 in real time, so that the cylindrical small roller body 2 and the cylindrical large roller body 23 can complete the approach or distance movement in real time, providing sufficient friction for extracting the tassel buds and maximally reducing the damage caused by the clamping and extraction of tassel buds of different diameters. After the tassel buds are extracted, the automatic controller 10 transmits the control instructions to the horizontal angle adjustment servo motor 12 and the vertical angle adjustment servo motor 25, and through the cooperation of the Π-shaped main frame 9 and the square frame 26, the square frame 26 is in a discharge posture that is conducive to the tassel buds relying on their own weight and initial velocity to enter the collection box 33 through the discharge pipe 34. During the counter-rotation of the small cylindrical roller 2 and the large cylindrical roller 23, the small roller powder cleaning brush 37 and the large roller powder cleaning brush 36 respectively brush off the pollen adhering to the small cylindrical roller 2 and the large cylindrical roller 23. The small electrode plate 1 and the large electrode plate 24 then efficiently generate negative corona discharge, charging the brushed-off pollen and trapping it on the small roller collection plate 38 and the large roller collection plate 39, preventing it from dispersing. This cycle repeats continuously.

Claims

1. A corn seed production emasculation mechanism, characterized by: A Π-shaped main frame (9) is mounted on the lower end of the L-shaped mounting plate (40) so as to be rotatable along a horizontal plane. A horizontal angle adjustment servo motor (12) is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the L-shaped mounting plate (40). The motor shaft of the horizontal angle adjustment servo motor (12) is fixedly connected to the Π-shaped main frame (9). An automatic controller (10) is fixedly mounted on the Π-shaped main frame (9). A square frame (26) is vertically rotatably supported and mounted on the inner wall surface of a vertical wall on one side of the Π-shaped main frame (9) via a pin shaft (29). A vertical angle adjustment servo motor (25) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall surface of a vertical wall on the other side of the Π-shaped main frame (9). The motor shaft of the vertical angle adjustment servo motor (25) is fixedly connected to the square frame. (26) is fixedly connected; a screw support (15) is fixedly installed on the upper end surface of the top plate of the square frame (26) and located at the inner part of the Π-shaped main frame (9), and a bidirectional screw (13) is rotatably supported and inserted on the screw support (15); a bidirectional screw servo motor (17) is fixedly installed on the outer end of one side of the screw support (15); the motor shaft of the bidirectional screw servo motor (17) is connected to the bidirectional screw (13), and a left-hand nut (8) and a right-hand nut (14) are respectively installed on the left and right sides of the bidirectional screw (13) in a radially positioned manner, circumferentially relatively rotatable, and axially movable manner, and a camera (11) is installed on the front side of the upper end of the square frame (26);A fixed guide rail (28) is installed on the upper end surface of the bottom plate of the square frame (26) and is parallel to the bidirectional lead screw (13). A small roller support slider (27) and a large roller support slider (32) are reciprocatingly installed on the left and right sides of the guide rail (28). The small roller cover (3) and the large roller cover (22) are supported and fixed on the upper ends of the small roller support slider (27) and the large roller support slider (32). The stators of the small roller slip ring (30) and the large roller slip ring (31) are fixed on the lower side surfaces of the upper wall plates of the small roller cover (3) and the large roller cover (22). Π-shaped seats are fixed on the upper end surfaces of the upper wall plates of the small roller cover (3) and the large roller cover (22). Plate A (6) and Π-shaped seat plate B (19), the Π-shaped seat plate A (6) and the Π-shaped seat plate B (19) are respectively fixed to the left-hand nut (8) and the right-hand nut (14), the strain gauge A (4) and the strain gauge B (21) are respectively fixed on the Π-shaped seat plate A (6) and the Π-shaped seat plate B (19), the small roller shaft (5) and the large roller shaft (20) are respectively inserted in parallel with each other and rotatably on the small roller cover (3) and the large roller cover (22), the small roller shaft (5) and the large roller shaft (20) are respectively inserted into the rotors of the small roller slip ring (30) and the large roller slip ring (31), and are fixedly connected, on the small roller shaft (5) and the large roller shaft (20), A cylindrical small roller body (2) and a cylindrical large roller body (23) are fixedly mounted in the inner positions of the small roller cover (3) and the large roller cover (22), and a plurality of small electrode plates (1) and a large electrode plate (24) are embedded and fixedly mounted in the axial grooves on the cylindrical surfaces of the cylindrical small roller body (2) and the cylindrical large roller body (23). The small electrode plates (1) and the large electrode plates (24) are connected to the small roller slip ring (30) and the large roller slip ring (31) through wires. A small roller servo motor (7) and a large roller servo motor (18) are fixedly mounted on the upper ends of the Π-shaped seat plate A (6) and the Π-shaped seat plate B (19). The power of the small roller servo motor (7) is The motor shaft of the machine shaft and the large roller servo motor (18) are connected to the small roller shaft (5) and the large roller shaft (20) respectively; a discharge pipe (34) is installed on the rear end of the square frame (26) through a pipe bracket (35), and the discharge pipe (34) is communicated with a fixed collection box (33); a small roller cleaning brush (37), a small roller collecting plate (38) and a large roller cleaning brush (36), a large roller collecting plate (39) are fixed on the inner wall surfaces of the small roller cover (3) and the large roller cover (22), respectively, and the small roller cleaning brush (37) is in contact with the cylindrical small roller body (2), and the large roller cleaning brush (36) is in contact with the cylindrical large roller body (23);The externally configured high-voltage power supply (16) is connected to the small roller slip ring (30), the large roller slip ring (31), the small roller collecting plate (38), and the large roller collecting plate (39) through wires, and the automatic controller (10) is connected to the strain gauge A (4), the strain gauge B (21), the small roller servo motor (7), the large roller servo motor (18), the bidirectional screw servo motor (17), the horizontal angle adjustment servo motor (12), the vertical angle adjustment servo motor (25), and the camera (11) through wires.

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