Method for accurate alignment among different clamping

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical manufacturing cold machining, and particularly relates to a method for accurately aligning among different clamping parts, which is characterized in that the circumferential geometrical characteristics of a machined part, the geometrical characteristics of a mounting base and a positioning pin are matched and connected; the mounting base is fixed to a workbench, the part is inserted into the mounting base, the part is rotated according to the position requirement of the part so that the center of the small hole in the circumference of the part can coincide with the center of the positioning groove of the mounting base, and the positioning pin is inserted to fix the positions of the three parts in the circumferential direction; after machining is completed, the positioning pin is pulled out, and the part can be taken out to be detached. The alignment method is accurate in positioning and high in operability, and the machining precision of the part can be remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of mechanical manufacturing cold processing technology, and specifically relates to a method for accurately aligning between different clamping spaces. By using this method, it is possible to conveniently achieve the following: Figure 1 The method demonstrates precise alignment of cabin parts with circumferential and end-face geometric features during secondary clamping, ensuring part machining accuracy. This method significantly improves part secondary alignment accuracy and is simple to implement. Background Art

[0002] Usually when processing cabin parts on CNC milling machines or machining centers, horizontal and vertical clamping are mainly used. Circumferential geometric features are processed horizontally, and end face geometric features are processed vertically. The horizontal clamping method is to place the part horizontally with one clamp and one push-up, while the vertical clamping method is to press the end face downward along the axial direction of the part. After two clamping processes, there is a certain position error between the circumferential geometric features and the end face geometric features. In the past, the two clamping processes were mainly aligned by manual marking, that is, manual marking was used at the center of the circumference and the center of the end face to achieve the conversion and coincidence of the reference position between the clamping processes. Due to the influence of the accuracy of the manual marking itself, there are large alignment errors in the horizontal and vertical clamping processes, which causes processing position errors on the part features, seriously affecting the processing accuracy of the parts. Summary of the Invention

[0003] (1) Technical issues to be solved

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: how to provide a method for accurately aligning cabin body parts having circumferential geometric features and end face geometric features during secondary clamping.

[0005] (2) Technical solution

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a method for accurate alignment between different clamping spaces, wherein the method utilizes the circumferential geometric features of the machined parts, the geometric features of the mounting base, and the locating pins to achieve a mating connection;

[0007] The mounting base is fixed on the workbench, and the part is inserted into the mounting base. According to the part position requirements, the part is rotated so that the center of the small hole on the circumference of the part coincides with the center of the positioning groove of the mounting base. The positioning pin is inserted to fix the position of the three in the circumferential direction.

[0008] After processing is completed, pull out the positioning pin and the parts can be taken out to complete disassembly.

[0009] Wherein, the part (1) is a cabin-type part having circumferential geometric features and end face geometric features;

[0010] The main body of the part is a cylinder with a smooth lower end surface, and a small hole (2) is provided on the circumferential wall surface of the cylinder.

[0011] The mounting base is configured as follows: having a flat base, a central hole (3) in the middle for accommodating parts, a ring-shaped fence member extending along the circumference and protruding upwards around the central hole (3), and a positioning groove (4) provided in the ring-shaped fence member.

[0012] The bottom surface of the center hole (3) is used to cooperate with the lower end surface of the part and fit tightly. The inner diameter of the center hole (3) is set to match the outer diameter of the part (1).

[0013] The position of the positioning groove (4) is determined based on the corresponding requirements between the circumferential geometric features of the part and the circumferential geometric features of the annular fence. The vertical depth of the positioning groove (4) is set to be 1-2 mm greater than the vertical distance from the lower end surface of the part to the location of the small hole (2) on the circumferential wall surface; the radial length of the positioning groove (4) is set to be processed into a through groove on the annular fence. The width of the positioning groove (4) along the circumferential arc surface is set to maintain a strict matching relationship with the diameter of the small hole (2).

[0014] The method comprises the following steps:

[0015] Step 1: Reference Figure 2 , make a mounting base and fix it to the machine tool workbench, keep the bottom surface of the mounting base flat, and reserve a machining allowance at the center hole (3) and the positioning groove (4) of the mounting base. The machining allowance is recommended to be 0.15 to 0.3 mm;

[0016] Step 2: Reference Figure 1 、 Figure 2 , the center hole (3) and the positioning groove (4) of the mounting base are respectively processed for secondary processing by a tool, the diameter and bottom surface of the center hole (3) are in strict matching relationship with the outer diameter and lower end surface of the part (1), and the position of the positioning groove (4) is confirmed according to the corresponding requirements of the circumferential geometric characteristics of the part and the circumferential geometric characteristics of the annular fence member; the depth dimension of the positioning groove (4) in the vertical direction is set to be 1-2 mm greater than the vertical distance from the lower end surface of the part to the position of the small hole (2) on the circumferential wall; the radial length of the positioning groove (4) is set to be processed into a through groove on the annular fence member; the width of the positioning groove (4) along the circumferential arc surface is set to maintain a strict matching relationship with the diameter of the small hole (2);

[0017] Step 3: Reference Figure 4, install the part (1) into the mounting base along the axial direction, the outer diameter and lower end surface of the part (1) match the center hole (3) and bottom surface of the mounting base, and the matching clearance is recommended to be 0.03 to 0.05 mm, rotate the part (1) so that the small hole (2) on the circumferential wall of the part coincides with the center of the positioning groove (4);

[0018] Step 4: Reference Figure 4 Insert the pre-made positioning pin into the positioning groove (4) and the center of the small hole (2). The diameter of the positioning pin should match the diameter of the small hole and the positioning groove. The recommended clearance is 0.02-0.03mm. The length of the positioning pin should be 8-10mm after passing through the positioning groove and the full length of the small hole of the part to facilitate manual insertion and removal. Figure 3 The positioning pin can be modified from a standard part with a size close to its own to ensure that it does not deform and meets certain hardness requirements;

[0019] Step 5: Use external attachments to clamp and fix, and after alignment is completed, you can proceed with subsequent operations.

[0020] (3) Beneficial effects

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a method for achieving precise alignment between different clamping rooms. It utilizes the circumferential geometric features of the machined part, the geometric features of the mounting base, and the locating pins to achieve a mating connection. The mounting base is fixed to a workbench, and the part is inserted into the mounting base. According to the part position requirements, the part is rotated so that the center of the small hole on the circumference coincides with the center of the base locating groove. The locating pins are inserted to fix the positions of the three in the circumferential direction. After processing is completed, the locating pins are pulled out, and the part can be removed to complete disassembly. The alignment method has accurate positioning and strong operability, and can significantly improve the processing accuracy of the part. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the cabin parts to be processed by the method of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 It is a diagram of the three-dimensional mechanism of the base installation method of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the positioning pin of the method of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the working method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the purpose, content, and advantages of the present invention more clear, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0027] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a method for accurate alignment between different clamping spaces, wherein the method utilizes the circumferential geometric features of the machined parts, the geometric features of the mounting base, and the locating pins to achieve a mating connection;

[0028] The mounting base is fixed on the workbench, and the part is inserted into the mounting base. According to the part position requirements, the part is rotated so that the center of the small hole on the circumference of the part coincides with the center of the positioning groove of the mounting base. The positioning pin is inserted to fix the position of the three in the circumferential direction.

[0029] After processing is completed, pull out the positioning pin and the parts can be taken out to complete disassembly.

[0030] Wherein, the part (1) is a cabin-type part having circumferential geometric features and end face geometric features;

[0031] The main body of the part is a cylinder with a smooth lower end surface, and a small hole (2) is provided on the circumferential wall surface of the cylinder.

[0032] The mounting base is configured as follows: having a flat base, a central hole (3) in the middle for accommodating parts, a ring-shaped fence member extending along the circumference and protruding upwards around the central hole (3), and a positioning groove (4) provided in the ring-shaped fence member.

[0033] The bottom surface of the center hole (3) is used to cooperate with the lower end surface of the part and fit tightly. The inner diameter of the center hole (3) is set to match the outer diameter of the part (1).

[0034] The position of the positioning groove (4) is determined based on the corresponding requirements between the circumferential geometric features of the part and the circumferential geometric features of the annular fence. The vertical depth of the positioning groove (4) is set to be 1-2 mm greater than the vertical distance from the lower end surface of the part to the location of the small hole (2) on the circumferential wall surface; the radial length of the positioning groove (4) is set to be processed into a through groove on the annular fence. The width of the positioning groove (4) along the circumferential arc surface is set to maintain a strict matching relationship with the diameter of the small hole (2).

[0035] The method comprises the following steps:

[0036] Step 1: Reference Figure 2 , make a mounting base and fix it to the machine tool workbench, keep the bottom surface of the mounting base flat, and reserve a machining allowance at the center hole (3) and the positioning groove (4) of the mounting base. The machining allowance is recommended to be 0.15 to 0.3 mm;

[0037] Step 2: Reference Figure 1 、 Figure 2, the center hole (3) and the positioning groove (4) of the mounting base are respectively processed for secondary processing by a tool, the diameter and bottom surface of the center hole (3) are in strict matching relationship with the outer diameter and lower end surface of the part (1), and the position of the positioning groove (4) is confirmed according to the corresponding requirements of the circumferential geometric characteristics of the part and the circumferential geometric characteristics of the annular fence member; the depth dimension of the positioning groove (4) in the vertical direction is set to be 1-2 mm greater than the vertical distance from the lower end surface of the part to the position of the small hole (2) on the circumferential wall; the radial length of the positioning groove (4) is set to be processed into a through groove on the annular fence member; the width of the positioning groove (4) along the circumferential arc surface is set to maintain a strict matching relationship with the diameter of the small hole (2);

[0038] Step 3: Reference Figure 4 , install the part (1) into the mounting base along the axial direction, the outer diameter and lower end surface of the part (1) match the center hole (3) and bottom surface of the mounting base, and the matching clearance is recommended to be 0.03 to 0.05 mm, rotate the part (1) so that the small hole (2) on the circumferential wall of the part coincides with the center of the positioning groove (4);

[0039] Step 4: Reference Figure 4 Insert the pre-made positioning pin into the positioning groove (4) and the center of the small hole (2). The diameter of the positioning pin should match the diameter of the small hole and the positioning groove. The recommended clearance is 0.02-0.03mm. The length of the positioning pin should be 8-10mm after passing through the positioning groove and the full length of the small hole of the part to facilitate manual insertion and removal. Figure 3 The positioning pin can be modified from a standard part with a size close to its own to ensure that it does not deform and meets certain hardness requirements;

[0040] Step 5: Use external attachments to clamp and fix, and after alignment is completed, you can proceed with subsequent operations.

[0041] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for accurate alignment between different clamping rooms, characterized in that: The method utilizes the circumferential geometric features of the machined parts, the geometric features of the mounting base, and the positioning pins to achieve a matching connection; The mounting base is fixed on the workbench, and the part is inserted into the mounting base. According to the part position requirements, the part is rotated so that the center of the small hole on the circumference of the part coincides with the center of the positioning groove of the mounting base. The positioning pin is inserted to fix the position of the three in the circumferential direction. After processing is completed, pull out the positioning pin and the parts can be taken out to complete disassembly.

2. The method for accurate alignment between different clamping rooms according to claim 1, characterized in that: The part (1) is a cabin-type part having circumferential geometric features and end face geometric features; the main body of the part (1) is a cylinder with a smooth lower end face, and a small hole (2) is provided on the circumferential wall of the cylinder.

3. The method for accurate alignment between different clamping rooms according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mounting base is configured as follows: having a flat base, a central hole (3) in the middle for accommodating parts, a ring-shaped fence member extending along the circumference and protruding upwards around the central hole (3), and a positioning groove (4) provided in the ring-shaped fence member.

4. The method for accurate alignment between different clamping rooms according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the center hole (3) is used to cooperate with the lower end surface of the part and fit tightly.

5. The method for accurate alignment between different clamping rooms according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the central hole (3) is set to match the outer diameter of the part (1).

6. The method for accurate alignment between different clamping rooms according to claim 5, characterized in that: The position of the positioning groove (4) is confirmed according to the corresponding requirements between the circumferential geometric characteristics of the part and the circumferential geometric characteristics of the annular fence piece.

7. The method for accurate alignment between different clamping rooms according to claim 6, characterized in that: The depth dimension of the positioning groove (4) in the vertical direction is set to be 1-2 mm greater than the vertical distance from the lower end surface of the part to the position of the small hole (2) on the circumferential wall.

8. The method for accurate alignment between different clamping rooms according to claim 7, characterized in that: The radial length of the positioning groove (4) is set to be a through groove processed on the annular fence piece.

9. The method for accurate alignment between different clamping rooms according to claim 8, characterized in that: The width of the positioning groove (4) along the circumferential arc surface is set to maintain a strict matching relationship with the diameter of the small hole (2).

10. The method for accurate alignment between different clamping rooms according to claim 9, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Make a mounting base and fix it on the machine tool workbench. Keep the bottom surface of the mounting base flat and reserve a machining allowance at the center hole (3) and the positioning groove (4) of the mounting base. The machining allowance is 0.15 to 0.3 mm. Step 2: Use a tool to perform secondary processing on the center hole (3) and the positioning groove (4) of the mounting base, respectively. The diameter and bottom surface of the center hole (3) maintain a strict matching relationship with the outer diameter and lower end surface of the part (1). The position of the positioning groove (4) is confirmed according to the corresponding requirements of the circumferential geometric characteristics of the part and the circumferential geometric characteristics of the annular fence. The depth dimension of the positioning groove (4) in the vertical direction is set to be 1-2 mm greater than the vertical distance from the lower end surface of the part to the position of the small hole (2) on the circumferential wall. The radial length of the positioning groove (4) is set to be processed into a through groove on the annular fence. The width of the positioning groove (4) along the circumferential arc surface is set to maintain a strict matching relationship with the diameter of the small hole (2). Step 3: Install the part (1) into the mounting base along the axial direction, and match the outer diameter and lower end surface of the part (1) with the center hole (3) and bottom surface of the mounting base, with a matching clearance of 0.03 to 0.05 mm. Rotate the part (1) so that the small hole (2) on the circumferential wall of the part coincides with the center of the positioning groove (4); Step 4: Insert the prefabricated locating pin into the locating groove (4) and the center of the small hole (2). The diameter of the locating pin is in accordance with the diameter of the small hole and the locating groove. The clearance is 0.02-0.03 mm. The length of the locating pin is kept to extend 8-10 mm outward after passing through the full length of the locating groove and the small hole of the part, so as to facilitate manual insertion and removal. Step 5: Use external attachments to clamp and fix, and after alignment is completed, you can proceed with subsequent operations.

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