Universal thermal change expansion rock breaking device and system and using method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of engineering blasting, and discloses a universal thermal change expansion rock breaking device and system and a using method. The device comprises a liquid filling pipe, an exhaust pipe, an outer sleeve and a detonating cord. The system comprises a universal thermal change expansion rock breaking device, a liquid filling unit, an electronic detonator electric explosion network and a monitoring control unit. The using method comprises the following steps that the universal thermal change expansion rock breaking system is initialized; performing safety detection; according to the actual parameters of the blast hole, the specified gas filling amount is generated, and the liquid filling unit is controlled to fill the universal thermal change expansion rock breaking device with liquid gas; and after filling of the liquid gas is completed, the monitoring control unit is used for controlling the electronic detonator electric explosion network, and the universal thermal change expansion rock breaking device is detonated. The problems that in the prior art, blasting is limited, construction efficiency is high, control is difficult, manual intervention is needed, and the intelligent degree is low are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of engineering blasting, and in particular relates to a universal thermal expansion rock breaking device, system and use method. Background Art

[0002] Open-pit bench blasting technology is widely used in mining and is a key step in the open-pit mining process. Its cost accounts for 25% to 35% of the total development cost, significantly impacting the economic benefits of a mine. With the development of blasting technology, gas blasting, which replaces chemical reactions with physical phase changes, offers significant advantages in environmental protection, safety, cost, and controllability. It is particularly suitable for environmentally sensitive and safety-critical applications, and may become an important supplement or alternative to traditional explosives blasting.

[0003] Gas blasting technology for rock fracturing is a novel fragmentation method based on the transient phase transition effect produced by the vaporization of liquid gas upon heating. The technical mechanism is to provide a heat source to the liquid gas, prompting it to undergo an instantaneous gasification. During this phase transition, energy is released, forming a high-pressure shock wave and thermal stress field, thereby achieving controlled fracturing of the target rock mass. Compared to traditional chemical explosive blasting processes, this technology system exhibits significant environmental friendliness and produces no harmful chemical residues. Furthermore, by precisely controlling the phase transition reaction parameters, the fragmentation range and fragmentation size can be controlled, providing technical support for refined blasting operations.

[0004] The existing technology has the following defects:

[0005] 1) Blasting limitations and construction efficiency: Currently, in the field of gas blasting, in order to circumvent regulations, external electrical energy is often used to stimulate or ignite chemical reagents to provide a heat source for the liquid gas phase change. This has significant limitations in mine blasting applications, namely, low heat transfer efficiency, difficulty in controlling chemical reaction speed, and limited on-site electrical energy. It is difficult to ensure a transient phase change reaction during gas blasting. In addition, the liquid storage containers used in gas blasting are not yet standardized, and pressure vessels often need to be manufactured in advance. The construction efficiency is difficult to meet the requirements of large-scale mine blasting.

[0006] 2) Difficult to control and requiring manual intervention: Existing technologies make rock breaking devices difficult to control, requiring close personnel control and lacking remote control capabilities. These devices also require extensive manual intervention, resulting in high labor costs and low safety, which can easily lead to major accidents.

[0007] 3) Low level of intelligence: The existing technology for controlling rock breaking devices mainly relies on the experience and ability of the staff, and lacks an automated and intelligent remote control mechanism. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In order to solve the problems of blasting limitations, construction efficiency, difficult control, need for manual intervention and low intelligence in the existing technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a universal thermal expansion rock breaking device, system and use method.

[0009] The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:

[0010] A universal thermal expansion rock breaking device includes a liquid filling pipe, an exhaust pipe, an outer sleeve and a detonating cord. The liquid filling pipe and the exhaust pipe are arranged inside the outer sleeve, and the top end of the outer sleeve and the top end of the exhaust pipe are located outside the top end of the outer sleeve. The detonating cord is arranged around the outside of the outer sleeve.

[0011] Furthermore, the outer sleeve is made of flexible plastic material.

[0012] Furthermore, the outer sleeve is a tubular structure with two ends open or a box-shaped structure with a top end closed, and an inner cavity is provided inside the outer sleeve, and the inner cavity is provided with liquid gas.

[0013] Furthermore, a filler is provided at the top end of the outer sleeve, and the outer sleeve and the exhaust pipe pass through the filler to connect the inner cavity and the outside.

[0014] A universal thermal expansion rock breaking system is based on a universal thermal expansion rock breaking device. The universal thermal expansion rock breaking device includes a liquid filling pipe, an exhaust pipe, an outer sleeve and a detonating cord. The system includes a universal thermal expansion rock breaking device, a liquid filling unit, an electronic detonator electric blasting network and a monitoring and control unit. The output end of the liquid filling unit is connected to the input end of the liquid filling pipe of the universal thermal expansion rock breaking device, the output end of the electronic detonator electric blasting network is connected to the head end of the detonating cord of the universal thermal expansion rock breaking device, and the detection end and control end of the monitoring and control unit are respectively arranged on the electronic detonator electric blasting network and the liquid filling unit.

[0015] Furthermore, the liquid filling unit includes a liquid gas tank truck and a liquid filling main pipeline, the output end of the liquid gas tank truck is connected to the input end of the liquid filling main pipeline, and the output end of the liquid filling main pipeline serves as the output end of the liquid filling unit and is connected to the input end of the liquid filling pipe of the universal thermal expansion rock breaking device;

[0016] The electronic detonator electric blasting network includes an initiator, a connector, an electronic detonator, and a protector. The initiator is connected to the electronic detonator through the connector. The protector is arranged in the middle of the connector. The electronic detonator, as the output end of the electronic detonator electric blasting network, is connected to the head end of the detonating cord of the universal thermal expansion rock breaking device.

[0017] The monitoring and control unit includes a main control module, a communication module, an execution module and a sensor module. The main control module is communicated with the execution module and the sensor module through the communication module. The sensor module, as the detection end of the monitoring and control unit, is respectively arranged at the middle of the connector of the electronic detonator and electric blasting network and the input end of the liquid filling main pipeline of the filling unit. The execution module, as the control end of the monitoring and control unit, is respectively arranged at the input end of the initiator of the electronic detonator and electric blasting network and the output end of the liquid gas tank truck of the filling unit.

[0018] Furthermore, the execution module includes an electric control valve and a starter, the starter is set as the first control end of the monitoring control unit at the input end of the initiator of the electronic detonator electric blasting network, and the electric control valve is set as the second control end of the monitoring control unit at the output end of the liquid gas tank truck;

[0019] The sensor module includes a flow sensor and an electrical sensor. The electrical sensor is arranged at the middle of the connector of the electronic detonator electric blasting network as the first detection end of the monitoring control unit. The electrical sensor is arranged at the input end of the liquid filling main pipeline of the liquid filling unit as the second detection end of the monitoring control unit.

[0020] A method for using a universal thermal expansion rock breaking system is disclosed. The universal thermal expansion rock breaking system includes a universal thermal expansion rock breaking device, a liquid filling unit, an electronic detonator electric blasting network, and a monitoring and control unit. The universal thermal expansion rock breaking device includes a liquid filling pipe, an exhaust pipe, an outer sleeve, and a detonating cord. The method for using the universal thermal expansion rock breaking system includes the following steps:

[0021] Initialize the universal thermal expansion rock breaking system, set up the universal thermal expansion rock breaking device, liquid filling unit, electronic detonator electric blasting network and monitoring control unit;

[0022] Use the sensor module of the monitoring control unit to collect monitoring data and perform safety testing based on the monitoring data. If the safety test passes, proceed to the next step;

[0023] Based on the actual parameters of the blasthole, the monitoring and control unit is used to generate a specified gas filling volume and control the liquid filling unit to fill the universal thermal expansion rock breaking device with liquid gas;

[0024] After the liquid gas is filled, a monitoring and control unit is used to control the electronic detonator electric blasting network to detonate the universal thermal expansion rock breaking device.

[0025] Furthermore, according to the actual parameters of the blasthole, a monitoring control unit is used to generate a specified gas filling amount, and the liquid filling unit is controlled to fill the universal thermal expansion rock breaking device with liquid gas, including the following steps:

[0026] According to the actual parameters of the blasthole, a prescribed gas filling volume generation model pre-set in the main control module of the monitoring control unit is used to generate the corresponding prescribed gas filling volume;

[0027] Use the main control module of the monitoring control unit to generate control instructions according to the specified gas filling amount, and send the control instructions to the filling unit and the execution module through the communication module;

[0028] According to the control instructions, the electronically controlled valve of the execution module is controlled to open, and the liquid gas tank truck is controlled to fill the universal thermal expansion rock breaking device with liquid gas through the liquid filling main pipeline;

[0029] The flow sensor of the sensor module is used to collect the actual gas filling amount. If the actual gas filling amount is greater than or equal to the actual gas filling amount, the liquid gas filling is completed.

[0030] Furthermore, after the liquid gas is filled, a monitoring control unit is used to control the electronic detonator electric blasting network to detonate the universal thermal expansion rock breaking device, including the following steps:

[0031] After the liquid gas is filled, the main control module of the monitoring control unit is used to generate a stop command, and the stop command is sent to the liquid filling unit and the execution module through the communication module;

[0032] According to the stop instruction, the electric control valve of the execution module is controlled to close, and the liquid gas tank truck is controlled to stop filling the universal thermal expansion rock breaking device with liquid gas;

[0033] Use the main control module of the monitoring control unit to generate a trigger instruction, and send the trigger instruction to the electronic detonator electric blasting network through the communication module;

[0034] According to the trigger instruction, the starter is controlled to start the electronic detonator electric blasting network and ignite the detonating cord of the universal thermal expansion rock breaking device.

[0035] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0036] The present invention discloses a universal thermal expansion rock breaking device, system and use method. The universal thermal expansion rock breaking device adopts detonating cord to provide heat source for liquid gas phase change, has rapid reaction and high heat release, can increase the speed of liquid gas phase change, and the explosive detonation does not require external oxygen supply, can achieve oxygen balance and stable heat release by itself, and is still effective when using inert liquid gas, which solves the limitations of the existing technology, and the outer sleeve made of flexible plastic material can adapt to different holes and environments, improves construction efficiency, and can meet the needs of large-scale mine blasting; the universal thermal expansion rock breaking system realizes automatic remote control of liquid gas filling and detonation process through the coordinated work of the universal thermal expansion rock breaking system including the universal thermal expansion rock breaking device, the liquid filling unit, the electronic detonator electric blasting network and the monitoring and control unit, reduces manual intervention, and improves construction efficiency and safety factor; the universal thermal expansion rock breaking system can automatically generate specified gas filling amount and intelligent instructions, realizing automatic and intelligent expansion rock breaking work.

[0037] Other beneficial effects of the present invention will be further described in the specific embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the universal thermal expansion rock breaking device in the present invention. Figure 1 .

[0039] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the universal thermal expansion rock breaking device in the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0040] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the universal thermal expansion rock breaking system in the present invention.

[0041] Figure 4 It is a flowchart of the method of using the universal thermal expansion rock breaking system in the present invention.

[0042] In the figure, 1. Universal thermal expansion rock breaking device; 11. Liquid filling pipe; 12. Exhaust pipe; 13. Outer casing; 14. Detonating cord; 15. Filling material; 16. Blast hole; 2. Liquid filling unit; 21. Liquid gas tank truck; 22. Liquid filling main pipeline; 3. Electronic detonator electric blasting network; 31. Detonator; 32. Connector; 33. Electronic detonator; 34. Protector; 4. Monitoring and control unit; 41. Main control module; 42. Communication module; 43. Execution module; 44. Sensor module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0044] Example 1:

[0045] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown together, this embodiment provides a universal thermal expansion rock breaking device, which includes a liquid filling pipe 11, an exhaust pipe 12, an outer sleeve 13, and a detonating cord 14. The liquid filling pipe 11 and the exhaust pipe 12 are arranged inside the outer sleeve 13, and the top end of the outer sleeve 13 and the top end of the exhaust pipe 12 are located outside the top end of the outer sleeve 13. The detonating cord 14 is arranged around the outside of the outer sleeve 13.

[0046] The exhaust pipe 12 is set to prevent the liquid gas from evaporating under excessive pressure. The liquid filling pipe 11 is a liquid gas transmission pipeline. The detonation process of the detonating cord 14 can break the rock to form initial cracks, and then the liquid oxygen vaporizes and expands due to heat to drive the cracks to develop and break the rock.

[0047] Preferably, the outer sleeve 13 is made of flexible plastic material, which is intended to facilitate placement into the hole and reduce blasting costs.

[0048] Preferably, the outer sleeve 13 is a tubular structure with both ends open or a box-shaped structure with the top closed, and an inner cavity is provided inside the outer sleeve 13, and the inner cavity is provided with liquid gas, which can be an inert liquid gas, such as nitrogen or carbon dioxide.

[0049] In this embodiment, liquid gas includes three types: liquid oxygen, liquid carbon dioxide, and liquid nitrogen. The parameters of liquid oxygen are:

[0050] •Liquid density: about 1.141 g / cm³, -183℃;

[0051] •Gaseous density STP: 1.429 g / L;

[0052] • Expansion ratio: 798:1;

[0053] Liquid carbon dioxide parameters:

[0054] •Liquid density: approximately 1.56 g / cm³ under pressure, 20°C;

[0055] •Gaseous density STP: 1.977 g / L;

[0056] • Expansion ratio: 789:1;

[0057] Liquid nitrogen parameters:

[0058] •Liquid density: about 0.808 g / cm³, -196℃;

[0059] •Gaseous density STP: 1.2506 g / L;

[0060] • Expansion ratio: 646:1;

[0061] Preferably, a filler 15 is provided at the top end of the outer sleeve 13 , and the outer sleeve 13 and the exhaust pipe 12 pass through the filler 15 to connect the inner cavity and the outside.

[0062] Example 2:

[0063] like Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment provides a universal thermal expansion rock breaking system, which is based on a universal thermal expansion rock breaking device 1. The universal thermal expansion rock breaking device 1 includes a liquid filling pipe 11, an exhaust pipe 12, an outer sleeve 13 and a detonating cord 14. The system includes the universal thermal expansion rock breaking device 1, a liquid filling unit 2, an electronic detonator electric blasting network 3 and a monitoring and control unit 4. The output end of the liquid filling unit 2 is connected to the input end of the liquid filling pipe 11 of the universal thermal expansion rock breaking device 1, the output end of the electronic detonator electric blasting network 3 is connected to the head end of the detonating cord 14 of the universal thermal expansion rock breaking device 1, and the detection end and control end of the monitoring and control unit 4 are respectively provided on the electronic detonator electric blasting network 3 and the liquid filling unit 2;

[0064] The universal thermal expansion rock breaking device 1 is used to receive liquid gas delivered by the liquid filling unit 2 and, after the electronic detonator electric blasting network 3 ignites the detonating cord 14, breaks the rock to form initial cracks. Subsequently, the liquid oxygen vaporizes and expands due to heat, driving the cracks to develop and break the rock.

[0065] The liquid filling unit 2 is used to fill the universal thermal expansion rock breaking device 1 with liquid gas;

[0066] The electronic detonator electric blasting network 3 is used to detonate the universal thermal expansion rock breaking device 1 after the liquid gas filling is completed;

[0067] The monitoring control unit 4 is used to collect monitoring data and perform safety detection based on the monitoring data; generate a specified gas filling amount based on the actual parameters of the blasthole 16; collect the actual gas filling amount, and stop at liquid gas filling based on the actual gas filling amount and the specified gas filling amount.

[0068] Preferably, the liquid filling unit 2 includes a liquid gas tanker 21 and a liquid filling main pipeline 22. The output end of the liquid gas tanker 21 is connected to the input end of the liquid filling main pipeline 22. The output end of the liquid filling main pipeline 22 serves as the output end of the liquid filling unit 2 and is connected to the input end of the liquid filling pipe 11 of the universal thermal expansion rock breaking device 1.

[0069] Liquid gas tanker 21, used for transporting and storing liquid gas;

[0070] The liquid filling main pipeline 22 is used to transmit liquid gas to the universal thermal expansion rock breaking device 1;

[0071] The electronic detonator blasting network 3 includes an initiator 31, a connector 32, an electronic detonator 33, and a protector 34. The initiator 31 is connected to the electronic detonator 33 via the connector 32. The protector 34 is arranged in the middle of the connector 32. The electronic detonator 33 serves as the output end of the electronic detonator blasting network 3 and is connected to the head end of the detonating cord 14 of the universal thermal expansion rock breaking device 1.

[0072] The initiator 31 is used to generate an initiation signal according to the trigger instruction and transmit the signal to the electronic detonator 33. The initiator 31 is generally composed of a power supply, a control circuit, an initiation circuit and an indicator device;

[0073] The connector 32 is used to connect the detonator 31 and the electronic detonator 33 to ensure that the detonation signal can be accurately transmitted to the detonator. The connector 32 generally includes a wire, a plug, and a socket.

[0074] The electronic detonator 33 is an executive component of the electronic detonator electric blasting network 3, and is used to receive the detonation signal and ignite the detonating cord 14 of the universal thermal expansion rock breaking device 1. The electronic detonator 33 is generally composed of an ignition element, an explosive, and a metal shell.

[0075] Protection devices, in order to ensure the safety and reliability of the electric blasting network, are usually equipped with some protection devices, such as fuses, overload protectors 34, etc., which are used to automatically cut off the power supply when a fault occurs in the circuit of the electronic detonator electric blasting network 3 to prevent accidents;

[0076] The monitoring and control unit 4 includes a main control module 41, a communication module 42, an execution module 43, and a sensor module 44. The main control module 41 is connected to the execution module 43 and the sensor module 44 through the communication module 42. The sensor module 44, as the detection end of the monitoring and control unit 4, is respectively arranged at the middle of the connector 32 of the electronic detonator and electric blasting network 3 and the input end of the liquid filling main pipeline 22 of the liquid filling unit 2. The execution module 43, as the control end of the monitoring and control unit 4, is respectively arranged at the input end of the initiator 31 of the electronic detonator and electric blasting network 3 and the output end of the liquid gas tanker 21 of the liquid filling unit 2.

[0077] The main control module 41 is used to perform safety detection based on the monitoring data; based on the actual parameters of the blasthole 16, use the pre-set specified gas filling volume generation model to generate the corresponding specified gas filling volume; and generate control instructions, stop instructions, and trigger instructions based on the specified gas filling volume;

[0078] The execution module 43 is used to control the start and end of filling the universal thermal expansion rock breaking device 1 with liquid gas based on the opening and closing of the electronically controlled valve; and is used to start the electronic detonator electric blasting network 3 based on the starter;

[0079] The sensor module 44 is used to collect the actual gas filling amount output by the liquid filling main pipeline 22 based on the flow sensor; and collect the electrical signal of the electronic detonator electric blasting network 3 based on the electrical sensor to perform safety detection;

[0080] The communication module 42 is used to send control instructions to the liquid filling unit 2 and the execution module 43; send stop instructions to the liquid filling unit 2 and the execution module 43; and send trigger instructions to the electronic detonator electric blasting network 3.

[0081] Preferably, the execution module 43 includes an electronically controlled valve and a starter, the starter being provided as a first control end of the monitoring control unit 4 at the input end of the initiator 31 of the electronic detonator electric blasting network 3, and the electronically controlled valve being provided as a second control end of the monitoring control unit 4 at the output end of the liquid gas tanker 21;

[0082] The sensor module 44 includes a flow sensor and an electrical sensor. The electrical sensor is arranged at the middle of the connector 32 of the electronic detonator electric blasting network 3 as the first detection end of the monitoring and control unit 4. The electrical sensor is arranged at the input end of the main liquid filling pipeline 22 of the liquid filling unit 2 as the second detection end of the monitoring and control unit 4.

[0083] Example 3:

[0084] like Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment provides a method for using a universal thermal expansion rock breaking system. Based on the universal thermal expansion rock breaking system, the universal thermal expansion rock breaking system includes a universal thermal expansion rock breaking device, a liquid filling unit, an electronic detonator electric blasting network, and a monitoring and control unit. The universal thermal expansion rock breaking device includes a liquid filling pipe, an exhaust pipe, an outer sleeve, and a detonating cord. The method for using the system includes the following steps:

[0085] S1: Initialize the universal thermal expansion rock breaking system, set up the universal thermal expansion rock breaking device, liquid filling unit, electronic detonator electric blasting network and monitoring control unit, including the following steps:

[0086] S1-1: Deploy a universal thermal expansion rock breaking device and place it in the blasthole, including the following steps:

[0087] S1-1-1: Insert the filling tube and exhaust tube into the outer sleeve, and wrap the detonating cord around the outer sleeve;

[0088] S1-1-2: Place the assembled universal thermal expansion rock breaking device into the blasthole. The length of the liquid filling tube and the detonating cord should extend out of the blasthole.

[0089] S1-1-3: Set up fillers for the universal thermal expansion rock breaking device and fill the blasthole;

[0090] S1-2: Set up the liquid filling unit, electronic detonator electric blasting network and monitoring control unit;

[0091] S1-3: Connect the monitoring control unit to the setting liquid filling unit and the electronic detonator electric blasting network;

[0092] S2: Use the sensor module of the monitoring control unit to collect monitoring data and perform safety testing based on the monitoring data. If the safety test passes, proceed to the next step;

[0093] S3: Based on the actual parameters of the blasthole, the monitoring control unit is used to generate a specified gas filling amount and control the liquid filling unit to fill the universal thermal expansion rock breaking device with liquid gas, including the following steps:

[0094] S3-1: Based on the actual parameters of the blasthole, a prescribed gas filling volume generation model pre-set in the main control module of the monitoring control unit is used to generate a corresponding prescribed gas filling volume;

[0095] The specified gas filling amount generation model is constructed based on machine learning and neural network algorithms. In this embodiment, the specified gas filling amount generation model is constructed based on the long short-term memory network (LSTM) algorithm, which can predict the corresponding specified gas filling amount based on the actual parameters of the input large blasthole;

[0096] S3-2: Use the main control module of the monitoring control unit to generate a control instruction according to the specified gas filling amount, and send the control instruction to the liquid filling unit and the execution module through the communication module;

[0097] S3-3: According to the control instructions, the electronically controlled valve of the execution module is controlled to open, and the liquid gas tank truck is controlled to fill the universal thermal expansion rock breaking device with liquid gas through the liquid filling main pipeline;

[0098] S3-4: Use the flow sensor of the sensor module to collect the actual gas filling amount. If the actual gas filling amount is greater than or equal to the actual gas filling amount, the liquid gas filling is completed;

[0099] S4: After the liquid gas is filled, the monitoring control unit is used to control the electronic detonator electric blasting network to detonate the universal thermal expansion rock breaking device, including the following steps:

[0100] S4-1: After the liquid gas is filled, the main control module of the monitoring control unit is used to generate a stop command, and the stop command is sent to the liquid filling unit and the execution module through the communication module;

[0101] S4-2: According to the stop instruction, the electric control valve of the execution module is controlled to close, and the liquid gas tank truck is controlled to stop filling the universal thermal expansion rock breaking device with liquid gas;

[0102] S4-3: Using the main control module of the monitoring control unit, generating a trigger instruction, and sending the trigger instruction to the electronic detonator electric blasting network through the communication module;

[0103] S4-4: According to the trigger instruction, the starter is controlled to start the electronic detonator electric blasting network and ignite the detonating cord of the universal thermal expansion rock breaking device, including the following steps:

[0104] S4-4-1: According to the trigger instruction, the starter is controlled to start the initiator of the electronic detonator electric blasting network and generate a detonation signal;

[0105] S4-4-2: Transmitting the detonation signal to the electronic detonator of the electronic detonator blasting network through the connector;

[0106] S4-4-3: According to the detonation signal, control the electronic detonator to ignite the detonating cord of the universal thermal expansion rock breaking device to detonate the universal thermal expansion rock breaking device.

[0107] The present invention discloses a universal thermal expansion rock breaking device, system and use method. The universal thermal expansion rock breaking device adopts detonating cord to provide heat source for liquid gas phase change, has rapid reaction and high heat release, can increase the speed of liquid gas phase change, and the explosive detonation does not require external oxygen supply, can achieve oxygen balance and stable heat release by itself, and is still effective when using inert liquid gas, which solves the limitations of the existing technology, and the outer sleeve made of flexible plastic material can adapt to different holes and environments, improves construction efficiency, and can meet the needs of large-scale mine blasting; the universal thermal expansion rock breaking system realizes automatic remote control of liquid gas filling and detonation process through the coordinated work of the universal thermal expansion rock breaking system including the universal thermal expansion rock breaking device, the liquid filling unit, the electronic detonator electric blasting network and the monitoring and control unit, reduces manual intervention, and improves construction efficiency and safety factor; the universal thermal expansion rock breaking system can automatically generate specified gas filling amount and intelligent instructions, realizing automatic and intelligent expansion rock breaking work.

[0108] The specific implementation methods described above further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific implementation method of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A universal thermal expansion rock breaking device, characterized by: The device comprises a liquid filling tube (11), an exhaust pipe (12), an outer sleeve (13) and a detonating cord (14), wherein the liquid filling tube (11) and the exhaust pipe (12) are arranged inside the outer sleeve (13), and the top end of the outer sleeve (13) and the top end of the exhaust pipe (12) are located outside the top end of the outer sleeve (13), and the detonating cord (14) is arranged around the outside of the outer sleeve (13).

2. A universal thermal expansion rock breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer sleeve (13) is made of flexible plastic material.

3. A universal thermal expansion rock breaking device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer sleeve (13) is a tubular structure with two ends open or a box-shaped structure with a top end closed, and an inner cavity is provided inside the outer sleeve (13), and the inner cavity is provided with liquid gas.

4. A universal thermal expansion rock breaking device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A filler (15) is provided at the top end of the outer sleeve (13), and the outer sleeve (13) and the exhaust pipe (12) pass through the filler (15) to connect the inner cavity and the outside.

5. A universal thermal expansion rock breaking system, based on the universal thermal expansion rock breaking device (1) according to claims 1-4, the universal thermal expansion rock breaking device (1) comprising a liquid filling pipe (11), an exhaust pipe (12), an outer sleeve (13) and a detonating cord (14), characterized in that: The system comprises a universal thermal expansion rock breaking device (1), a liquid filling unit (2), an electronic detonator electric blasting network (3) and a monitoring control unit (4); the output end of the liquid filling unit (2) is connected to the input end of the liquid filling pipe (11) of the universal thermal expansion rock breaking device (1); the output end of the electronic detonator electric blasting network (3) is connected to the head end of the detonating cord (14) of the universal thermal expansion rock breaking device (1); and the detection end and the control end of the monitoring control unit (4) are respectively arranged on the electronic detonator electric blasting network (3) and the liquid filling unit (2).

6. A universal thermal expansion rock breaking system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The liquid filling unit (2) comprises a liquid gas tanker (21) and a liquid filling main pipeline (22), the output end of the liquid gas tanker (21) is connected to the input end of the liquid filling main pipeline (22), and the output end of the liquid filling main pipeline (22) serves as the output end of the liquid filling unit (2) and is connected to the input end of the liquid filling pipe (11) of the universal thermal expansion rock breaking device (1); The electronic detonator electric blasting network (3) comprises an initiator (31), a connector (32), an electronic detonator (33) and a protector (34); the initiator (31) is connected to the electronic detonator (33) via the connector (32); the protector (34) is arranged in the middle of the connector (32); the electronic detonator (33) serves as the output end of the electronic detonator electric blasting network (3) and is connected to the head end of the detonating cord (14) of the universal thermal expansion rock breaking device (1); The monitoring control unit (4) comprises a main control module (41), a communication module (42), an execution module (43) and a sensor module (44). The main control module (41) is respectively connected to the execution module (43) and the sensor module (44) via the communication module (42). The sensor module (44) as a detection end of the monitoring control unit (4) is respectively arranged at the middle of the connector (32) of the electronic detonator electric blasting network (3) and the input end of the liquid filling main pipeline (22) of the liquid filling unit (2). The execution module (43) as a control end of the monitoring control unit (4) is respectively arranged at the input end of the initiator (31) of the electronic detonator electric blasting network (3) and the output end of the liquid gas tanker (21) of the liquid filling unit (2).

7. A universal thermal expansion rock breaking system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The execution module (43) includes an electric control valve and a starter, wherein the starter is arranged at the input end of the initiator (31) of the electronic detonator electric explosion network (3) as a first control end of the monitoring control unit (4), and the electric control valve is arranged at the output end of the liquid gas tanker (21) as a second control end of the monitoring control unit (4); The sensor module (44) includes a flow sensor and an electrical sensor. The electrical sensor is arranged at the middle of the connector (32) of the electronic detonator electric blasting network (3) as a first detection end of the monitoring control unit (4). The electrical sensor is arranged at the input end of the liquid filling main pipeline (22) of the liquid filling unit (2) as a second detection end of the monitoring control unit (4).

8. A method for using a universal thermal expansion rock breaking system, based on the universal thermal expansion rock breaking system according to claims 5-7, comprising a universal thermal expansion rock breaking device, a liquid filling unit, an electronic detonator electric blasting network, and a monitoring and control unit, wherein the universal thermal expansion rock breaking device comprises a liquid filling pipe, an exhaust pipe, an outer casing, and a detonating cord, and is characterized in that: The method of use comprises the following steps: Initialize the universal thermal expansion rock breaking system, set up the universal thermal expansion rock breaking device, liquid filling unit, electronic detonator electric blasting network and monitoring control unit; Use the sensor module of the monitoring control unit to collect monitoring data and perform safety testing based on the monitoring data. If the safety test passes, proceed to the next step; Based on the actual parameters of the blasthole, the monitoring and control unit is used to generate a specified gas filling volume and control the liquid filling unit to fill the universal thermal expansion rock breaking device with liquid gas; After the liquid gas is filled, a monitoring and control unit is used to control the electronic detonator electric blasting network to detonate the universal thermal expansion rock breaking device.

9. The method for using the universal thermal expansion rock breaking system according to claim 8, characterized in that: Based on the actual parameters of the blasthole, a monitoring control unit is used to generate a specified gas filling amount and control the liquid filling unit to fill the universal thermal expansion rock breaking device with liquid gas, including the following steps: According to the actual parameters of the blasthole, a prescribed gas filling volume generation model pre-set in the main control module of the monitoring control unit is used to generate the corresponding prescribed gas filling volume; Use the main control module of the monitoring control unit to generate control instructions according to the specified gas filling amount, and send the control instructions to the filling unit and the execution module through the communication module; According to the control instructions, the electronically controlled valve of the execution module is controlled to open, and the liquid gas tank truck is controlled to fill the universal thermal expansion rock breaking device with liquid gas through the liquid filling main pipeline; The flow sensor of the sensor module is used to collect the actual gas filling amount. If the actual gas filling amount is greater than or equal to the actual gas filling amount, the liquid gas filling is completed.

10. The method for using the universal thermal expansion rock breaking system according to claim 9, characterized in that: After the liquid gas is filled, the monitoring control unit is used to control the electronic detonator electric blasting network to detonate the universal thermal expansion rock breaking device, including the following steps: After the liquid gas is filled, the main control module of the monitoring control unit is used to generate a stop command, and the stop command is sent to the liquid filling unit and the execution module through the communication module; According to the stop instruction, the electric control valve of the execution module is controlled to close, and the liquid gas tank truck is controlled to stop filling the universal thermal expansion rock breaking device with liquid gas; Use the main control module of the monitoring control unit to generate a trigger instruction, and send the trigger instruction to the electronic detonator electric blasting network through the communication module; According to the trigger instruction, the starter is controlled to start the electronic detonator electric blasting network and ignite the detonating cord of the universal thermal expansion rock breaking device.

Images