Seismic data determination method and device based on pre-stack gather, equipment and medium

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of computers, and particularly discloses a seismic data determination method and device based on a pre-stack gather, equipment and a medium. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring seismic original trace gather data and logging data; performing spectral analysis on the logging data, and determining a spectral range of the logging data; constructing a seismic gather forward modeling model based on the spectral range, and determining seismic forward modeling gather data through the seismic gather forward modeling model; based on the seismic forward channel set data and the seismic original channel set data, determining a target channel extraction channel set; and matching the synthetic seismic data determined based on the logging data with the superposed seismic data corresponding to the target channel set to determine target seismic data. By implementing the technical scheme of the invention, high-frequency components acquired by an original earthquake are fully utilized, well and earthquake constraint frequency broadening is realized, and the accuracy and reliability of a frequency increasing result are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of seismic data processing, and in particular to a method, device, equipment and medium for determining seismic data based on pre-stack gathers. Background Art

[0002] Currently, there are two main methods for frequency enhancement of seismic data: one is based on the principle of signal frequency domain transformation, which mainly includes frequency domain filtering, deconvolution, harmonic topology, etc.; the other is based on well constraints, which mainly includes spectrum blueing and system identification methods.

[0003] However, both signal frequency domain transformation and well-constrained frequency enhancement methods rely on post-stack seismic data. Since the dominant frequency and bandwidth of post-stack seismic data are fixed, frequency enhancement using filtering and high-frequency compensation methods effectively involves data manipulation on the data, making it difficult to guarantee the accuracy of the frequency enhancement results. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems or at least partially solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a method, device, equipment and medium for determining seismic data based on pre-stack gathers.

[0005] According to one aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a method for determining seismic data based on pre-stack gathers is provided, including: acquiring seismic original gather data and well logging data; performing spectral analysis on the well logging data to determine the spectral range of the well logging data; constructing a seismic gather forward model based on the spectral range, and determining the seismic forward gather data through the seismic gather forward model; determining a target pre-stack gather based on the seismic forward gather data and the seismic original gather data; matching synthetic seismic data determined based on the well logging data with stacked seismic data corresponding to the target pre-stack gather to determine the target seismic data.

[0006] Furthermore, a seismic gather forward model is constructed based on the spectral range, and the seismic forward gather data is determined through the seismic gather forward model, including: obtaining the longitudinal wave velocity and the shear wave velocity in the logging data; determining the corresponding bandwidth wavelet based on the spectral range; using the longitudinal wave velocity, the shear wave velocity and the bandwidth wavelet to establish a seismic gather forward model based on the logging data; and extracting the seismic forward gather data from the seismic gather forward model.

[0007] Furthermore, based on the seismic forward modeling gather data and the seismic original gather data, a target frequency spectrum is determined, including: extracting a first frequency spectrum of the seismic forward modeling gather data and a second frequency spectrum of the seismic original gather data; adjusting the spectral parameters of the second frequency spectrum based on the first frequency spectrum to generate a frequency spectrum set; extracting a first amplitude spectrum of the seismic forward modeling gather data and a second amplitude spectrum of the frequency spectrum set; adjusting the amplitude parameters of the second amplitude spectrum based on the first amplitude spectrum to generate a target frequency spectrum set.

[0008] Furthermore, the spectrum parameters of the second frequency spectrum are adjusted based on the first frequency spectrum to generate a frequency boosting frequency set, including: adjusting the spectrum parameters of the second frequency spectrum using the first frequency spectrum as the objective function; performing correlation matching on the first frequency spectrum and the adjusted second frequency spectrum, and determining the frequency boosting frequency set based on the correlation matching result.

[0009] Furthermore, the amplitude parameters of the second amplitude spectrum are adjusted based on the first amplitude spectrum to generate a target frequency set, including: adjusting the amplitude parameters of the second amplitude spectrum using the first amplitude spectrum as a target function; performing correlation matching on the first amplitude spectrum and the adjusted second amplitude spectrum, and determining the target frequency set based on the correlation matching result.

[0010] Furthermore, the synthetic seismic data determined based on the well logging data is matched with the superimposed seismic data corresponding to the target frequency set to determine the target seismic data, including: determining first waveform data corresponding to the synthetic seismic data, and second waveform data corresponding to the superimposed seismic data; performing correlation matching on the first waveform data and the second waveform data to determine the correlation matching degree; when the correlation matching degree is greater than a preset threshold, the superimposed seismic data is determined as the target seismic data.

[0011] Furthermore, spectrum analysis is performed on the logging data to determine the spectrum range of the logging data, including: performing Fourier transform on the logging data to obtain a frequency spectrum for the logging data; and analyzing the frequency spectrum of the logging data to obtain a spectrum range corresponding to the logging data.

[0012] According to another aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a seismic data determination device based on pre-stack gathers is also provided, including: an acquisition module for acquiring seismic original gather data and well logging data; a spectrum analysis module for performing spectrum analysis on the well logging data to determine the spectrum range of the well logging data; a forward gather determination module for constructing a seismic gather forward model based on the spectrum range, and determining the seismic forward gather data through the seismic gather forward model; a target pre-stack gather determination module for determining a target pre-stack gather based on the seismic forward gather data and the seismic original gather data; a matching module for matching the synthetic seismic data determined based on the well logging data with the stacked seismic data corresponding to the target pre-stack gather to determine the target seismic data.

[0013] According to another aspect of an embodiment of the present application, an electronic device is also provided, including: a processor, a communication interface, a memory and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the communication interface and the memory communicate with each other through the communication bus; wherein the memory is used to store computer programs; and the processor is used to execute the steps in the above method by running the program stored in the memory.

[0014] According to another aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a computer-readable storage medium is provided. The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and the computer instructions are used to enable a computer to execute the steps in the above method.

[0015] An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program product comprising instructions, which, when executed on a computer, enables the computer to execute the steps in the above method.

[0016] The above technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present application has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0017] In the embodiments of the present application, starting from the spectrum analysis of well logging data and the forward modeling of seismic gathers, the dominant frequency band of the seismic data is identified using the forward gather data. The seismic data is frequency-optimized using the forward gather data, and the frequency-optimization effect is evaluated using the matching degree between the synthetic seismic data and the stacked seismic data. Thus, frequency-optimization is performed based on the pre-stack forward gather data, fully utilizing the high-frequency components of the original seismic acquisition, achieving well and seismic constrained frequency extension, and ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the frequency-optimization results.

[0018] In an embodiment of the present application, the input frequency band of the seismic track gather forward model is determined by well logging data, and the frequency spectrum and amplitude spectrum of the forward track gather data are used as objective functions to optimize the frequency-boosting parameters and amplitude-preserving parameters. Compared with signal domain transformation or high-frequency compensation from post-stack seismic data, the frequency-boosting results are multi-solutions due to the insufficient bandwidth and main frequency of the post-stack seismic data itself. The geological significance represented by the pre-stack forward track gather data is stronger. Frequency-boosting optimization is performed based on the pre-stack forward track gather data, ensuring the frequency-boosting effect of well and seismic constraints.

[0019] In the embodiment of the present application, by evaluating the correlation matching between the synthetic seismic data and the stacked seismic data, the well-seismic consistency is optimized, and the well-seismic correlation of the frequency-boosted stacked seismic data is guaranteed to the greatest extent.

[0020] In an embodiment of the present application, by performing spectrum transformation on the logging data to obtain the corresponding spectrum range, the spectrum information of the logging data is used as the input frequency band of the seismic track gather forward model, thereby improving the accuracy of constructing the seismic track gather forward model. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present application.

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 A flowchart of a method for determining seismic data based on pre-stack gathers provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 2 A flowchart of another method for determining seismic data based on prestack gathers provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a seismic gather forward model provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 4 A schematic diagram comparing the original seismic gathers provided in an embodiment of the present application and the acquired gathers after frequency matching processing;

[0027] Figure 5 A schematic diagram comparing the frequency spectrum curves of the seismic forward gather data and the seismic original gather data provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 6 A schematic diagram showing a comparison between a frequency-matched frequency set and a target frequency set with amplitude consistency according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 7 A schematic diagram comparing the amplitude spectrum curves of the proposed gather data and the seismic original gather data provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 8 A flowchart of another method for determining seismic data based on prestack gathers provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of spectrum analysis of well logging data provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of correlation analysis between post-stack seismic data traces and synthetic seismic data provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 11 A schematic diagram showing a comparison between the original stacked seismic data and the seismic data showing consistency of the well seismic frequency spectrum and amplitude spectrum provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 12 A structural block diagram of a seismic data determination device based on pre-stack gathers provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 13 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. The schematic embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0037] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another similar entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article, or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or device. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or device comprising the element.

[0038] Currently, there are two main methods for enhancing the frequency of seismic data: one is based on signal domain transformation, including frequency domain filtering, deconvolution, and harmonic topology; the other is based on well constraints, including spectrum blueing and system identification. Frequency domain transformation methods rely on designing filtering operators in the frequency domain to restore the low-frequency and high-frequency information of the reflection coefficient suppressed by wavelets, thereby improving the resolution of the seismic profile. Well constraint topology methods, on the other hand, use the high-frequency spectrum characteristics of well logging data to compensate for the missing high-frequency information in the seismic data.

[0039] Frequency-domain transformation and well-information-constrained frequency extension methods rely on post-stack seismic data. However, the dominant frequency and bandwidth of post-stack seismic data are fixed. Therefore, frequency enhancement of post-stack seismic data through filtering and high-frequency compensation is essentially a mathematical operation. Because mathematical operations can lead to multiple solutions for the frequency enhancement results, the reliability of frequency enhancement using post-stack seismic data is difficult to guarantee.

[0040] Based on this, the technical solution of the present application analyzes the frequency spectrum of the well logging data, uses the frequency spectrum range of the well logging data to perform bandwidth channel forward modeling on the seismic data, adjusts the frequency boosting parameters with the frequency spectrum of the seismic forward modeling channel data as the objective function, and optimizes the amplitude with the amplitude spectrum of the seismic forward modeling channel data as the objective function, thereby realizing the frequency boosting of the pre-stack channel based on the frequency-amplitude spectrum constraint of the forward modeling channel, realizing the well and seismic constrained frequency extension, and ensuring the reliability and accuracy of the frequency boosting of the seismic data.

[0041] The present invention provides a method, apparatus, device, and storage medium for determining seismic data based on prestack gathers. The method provided by the present invention can be applied to any desired electronic device, such as a server or terminal. The method is not specifically limited here and, for ease of description, is referred to as an electronic device.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] According to one aspect of the embodiments of the present application, an embodiment of a method for determining seismic data based on pre-stack gathers is provided. Figure 1 A flowchart of a method for determining seismic data based on pre-stack gathers provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. Figure 1 As shown, the method includes:

[0044] S11, obtaining the original seismic gather data and well logging data.

[0045] Seismic raw gather data is a pre-stack gather data volume. Specifically, the electronic device can collect seismic raw gather data from an authorized knowledge base; it can also be extracted from pre-stored seismic basic geological data; or it can respond to a technician's upload of seismic raw gather data and obtain the corresponding seismic raw gather data based on the upload operation.

[0046] Well logging data is collected by sensors installed in the well. Specifically, acoustic sensors are placed from the wellhead to the bottom of the well to collect the source signal generated in the well and obtain the well acoustic wave data. This well acoustic wave data is the well logging data.

[0047] S12, performing spectrum analysis on the logging data to determine the spectrum range of the logging data.

[0048] The spectrum range represents the frequency distribution range of the logging data in each target layer. Specifically, a frequency conversion method can be used to convert the logging data between the time domain and the frequency domain to perform spectrum analysis on the logging data and obtain the spectrum range of the logging data.

[0049] S13, constructing a seismic gather forward model based on the frequency spectrum range, and determining seismic forward gather data through the seismic gather forward model.

[0050] The spectrum range of the well logging data is used to determine the corresponding spectrum bandwidth. This spectrum bandwidth is used as the input bandwidth for seismic gather forward modeling. The seismic gather forward model is simulated based on the well logging data. This seismic gather forward model contains the seismic forward modeling data for each target layer. From this, the seismic forward modeling data for the target layer to be analyzed can be extracted from the seismic gather forward model.

[0051] S14, determining a target channel gather based on the seismic forward modeling gather data and the seismic original gather data.

[0052] By extracting the frequency spectrum and amplitude spectrum of seismic forward modeling gather data and seismic original modeling gather data, the frequency spectrum of seismic forward modeling gather data is used to optimize the frequency enhancement parameters, and the amplitude spectrum of seismic forward modeling gather data is used to optimize the amplitude preservation parameters, thereby achieving frequency consistency and amplitude consistency between seismic forward modeling gather data and seismic original modeling gather data, and obtaining the target frequency enhancement frequency gather that matches the seismic forward modeling gather data.

[0053] S15, matching the synthetic seismic data determined based on the well logging data with the stacked seismic data corresponding to the target frequency set to determine the target seismic data.

[0054] The seismic data in the target channel set are superimposed to generate stacked seismic data. Synthetic seismic data for each seismic channel is then determined using well logging data. Correlation analysis is performed between the synthetic seismic data for each channel and the corresponding stacked seismic data to determine a correlation match. When the correlation match is high, the well logging data is considered highly correlated, and the stacked seismic data with the higher correlation is identified as the target seismic data.

[0055] The seismic data determination method based on pre-stack gathers provided in this embodiment uses spectral analysis of well logging data and a forward model of seismic gathers to identify the dominant frequency band of the seismic data using forward gather data. The forward gather data is then used to optimize the seismic data for frequency boosting, and the matching degree between the synthesized seismic data and the stacked seismic data is used to evaluate the frequency boosting effect. Thus, frequency boosting optimization based on pre-stack forward gather data fully utilizes the high-frequency components of the original seismic acquisition, achieves well- and seismic-constrained frequency boosting, and ensures the accuracy and reliability of the frequency boosting results.

[0056] Example 2

[0057] As an optional implementation, Figure 2 As shown, the above step S13 may include:

[0058] S131, obtaining the longitudinal wave velocity and the shear wave velocity in the logging data.

[0059] Shear waves are waves in which the particle's vibration direction is perpendicular to the wave's propagation direction; longitudinal waves are waves in which the particle's vibration direction is parallel to the wave's propagation direction. Well logging data, collected by acoustic wave sensors, includes density, longitudinal wave velocity, and shear wave velocity, which characterize the source signal. Electronic equipment analyzes the logging data to obtain the longitudinal and shear wave velocities of the source signal.

[0060] S132: Determine a corresponding bandwidth wavelet based on the spectrum range.

[0061] The spectrum bandwidth of the logging data can be determined based on the spectrum range of the logging data. This spectrum bandwidth is set as the bandwidth of the seismic gather forward modeling, and the bandwidth wavelet of the seismic gather forward modeling is determined.

[0062] S133, using the P-wave velocity, S-wave velocity and bandwidth wavelet, a seismic gather forward model based on the logging data is established.

[0063] Using the P-wave velocity and S-wave velocity of the well logging data, combined with the bandwidth wavelet determined above, a seismic gather forward model based on the well logging data is established, such as Figure 3 .

[0064] S134, extracting seismic forward gather data from the seismic gather forward model.

[0065] The seismic gather forward model is a model generated for geological stratification. For the target layer to be analyzed, the seismic forward gather data of the corresponding layer is output from the seismic gather forward model.

[0066] As an optional implementation, Figure 2 As shown, the above step S14 may include:

[0067] S141, extracting the first frequency spectrum of the seismic forward gather data and the second frequency spectrum of the seismic original gather data.

[0068] Both the first frequency spectrum and the second frequency spectrum can be represented by frequency spectrum curves. For the target layer to be analyzed, the corresponding first frequency spectrum can be obtained by analyzing the seismic forward gather data; at the same time, the corresponding second frequency spectrum can be obtained by analyzing the seismic raw gather data.

[0069] S142: Adjust spectrum parameters of the second frequency spectrum based on the first frequency spectrum to generate a frequency channel set.

[0070] Spectral parameters are parameters that affect frequency, including the intercept, gradient, and curvature of the spectrum. To ensure frequency matching between the first and second spectrums, the spectral parameters of the second spectrum are adjusted based on the first spectrum to obtain a frequency-optimized frequency band set.

[0071] Specifically, the above step S142 may include:

[0072] Step A1: Using the first frequency spectrum as the target function, adjust the spectrum parameters of the second frequency spectrum.

[0073] Step A2: performing correlation matching on the first frequency spectrum and the adjusted second frequency spectrum, and determining a frequency channel set based on the correlation matching result.

[0074] The first frequency spectrum corresponding to the seismic forward modeling gather data is used as the objective function, and the frequency parameters such as the intercept, gradient, and curvature of the second frequency spectrum are adjusted to achieve the optimization of the frequency-boosting parameters.

[0075] By adjusting the spectrum parameters, the second frequency spectrum of the seismic raw gather data is correlated with the first frequency spectrum of the seismic forward gather data. Specifically, the frequency spectrum correlation is determined as follows:

[0076] Where: x i is the amplitude energy corresponding to a certain spectrum of the original seismic gather data, is the average amplitude energy of the seismic forward modeling gather data, and the correlation r is greater than a preset value (for example, 0.85) to obtain the corresponding forward channel gather, which is recorded as bluegather. Figure 4 , the left picture is the original seismic gather data, and the right picture is the frequency gather after frequency matching processing, Figure 5 The frequency spectrum curve comparison between the seismic forward gather data and the seismic original gather data shows a correlation of 0.937.

[0077] S143, extracting a first amplitude spectrum of the seismic forward modeling gather data and a second amplitude spectrum of the gather data.

[0078] Both the first and second amplitude spectra can be characterized by amplitude spectrum curves. For the target layer to be analyzed, after obtaining the channel gather, the corresponding first amplitude spectrum can be obtained by analyzing the seismic forward modeling gather data, and the corresponding second amplitude spectrum can be obtained by analyzing the channel gather data.

[0079] S144: Adjust the amplitude parameters of the second amplitude spectrum based on the first amplitude spectrum to generate a target frequency set.

[0080] Amplitude parameters affect amplitude, including the intercept, gradient, and curvature of the amplitude spectrum. To ensure amplitude consistency between the first and second amplitude spectra, the amplitude parameters of the second frequency spectrum are adjusted based on the first amplitude spectrum to obtain the target frequency set for amplitude optimization.

[0081] Specifically, the above step S144 may include:

[0082] Step B1: Using the first amplitude spectrum as the target function, adjust the amplitude parameters of the second amplitude spectrum.

[0083] Step B2: performing correlation matching on the first amplitude spectrum and the adjusted second amplitude spectrum, and determining a target frequency set based on the correlation matching result.

[0084] The first amplitude spectrum corresponding to the seismic forward modeling gather data is used as the objective function, and the amplitude parameters such as the intercept, gradient, and curvature of the second amplitude spectrum are adjusted to optimize the amplitude consistency.

[0085] By adjusting the amplitude parameters, the second amplitude spectrum of the seismic raw gather data is correlated with the first amplitude spectrum of the acquired gather data. Specifically, the amplitude spectrum correlation is determined as follows:

[0086] Where: y i To provide the amplitude energy corresponding to a certain incident angle of the channel set data, The amplitude energy average value of the seismic forward modeling gather data is set to make its correlation greater than the preset value (for example, 0.8), and the target amplitude consistency gather is obtained, which is recorded as AVAgather. Figure 6 As shown, the left picture is the frequency matching processing of the frequency-matched frequency set, and the right picture is the target frequency-matched frequency set of amplitude consistency. Figure 7 The amplitude spectrum curves of the channel gather data and the seismic forward modeling gather data are compared, and the correlation is 0.838.

[0087] This embodiment provides a method for determining seismic data based on pre-stack gathers. Well logging data is used to determine the input frequency band of the seismic gather forward model. The frequency spectrum and amplitude spectrum of the forward gather data are used as objective functions to optimize the frequency-boosting and amplitude-preserving parameters. Compared to signal domain transformation or high-frequency compensation based on post-stack seismic data, which can lead to multiple solutions for frequency-boosting results due to the inherent bandwidth and dominant frequency of post-stack seismic data, pre-stack forward gather data represents a more geologically significant method. Frequency-boosting optimization based on pre-stack forward gather data ensures the frequency-boosting effect of well and seismic constraints.

[0088] Example 3

[0089] As an optional implementation, Figure 8 As shown, the above step S12 may include:

[0090] S121, performing Fourier transform on the well logging data to obtain a frequency spectrum specific to the well logging data.

[0091] Perform Fourier transform on the logging data to determine the relationship between the time domain and frequency domain of the logging data and obtain the frequency spectrum of the logging data. The specific formula is as follows:

[0092]

[0093] Among them, f(t) is the time domain logging data, F(ω) is the frequency domain representation of the logging data, and e jωt 、e -jωt is a complex exponential function, and ω is the angular frequency.

[0094] S122, analyzing the frequency spectrum of the well logging data to obtain a frequency spectrum range corresponding to the well logging data.

[0095] By analyzing the frequency spectrum of the logging data, the frequency spectrum range of the logging data of the target layer can be clearly determined. Figure 9 As shown in the figure, the spectrum analysis of the CB85 target layer shows that the spectrum of this layer is mainly in the range of 0-60 Hz.

[0096] As an optional implementation, Figure 8 As shown, the above step S15 may include:

[0097] S151, determining first waveform data corresponding to the synthesized seismic data and second waveform data corresponding to the superimposed seismic data.

[0098] Synthetic seismic data is calculated using the compressional wave velocity and density curves in well logging data; stacked seismic data is obtained by stacking data from the target channel set. The first waveform data characterizes the waveform generated by the synthetic seismic data, while the second waveform data characterizes the waveform generated by the stacked seismic data.

[0099] S152: Perform correlation matching on the first waveform data and the second waveform data to determine a correlation matching degree.

[0100] Correlation matching is performed on the features of the first waveform data and the second waveform data to optimize parameters such as the dominant frequency of the waveform and the acoustic wave calibration coefficient DT calibrate, and the correlation coefficient between the optimized first waveform data and the second waveform data is calculated, and the correlation coefficient is used as the correlation matching degree.

[0101] S153: When the correlation matching degree is greater than a preset threshold, the stacked seismic data is determined as target seismic data.

[0102] The preset threshold is a pre-set correlation coefficient, which can be set according to actual needs, such as 0.6, 0.8, etc. The correlation coefficient representing the correlation matching degree is compared with the preset threshold to determine whether the correlation matching degree is greater than the preset threshold. When it is determined that the correlation matching degree is greater than the preset threshold (such as Figure 10 As shown in the figure, the correlation between the post-stack seismic data and the synthetic seismic data is greater than 0.6), and the current stacked seismic data is determined to be the seismic data with consistent well seismic frequency spectrum and amplitude spectrum (such as Figure 11 As shown), the stacked seismic data is output as target seismic data.

[0103] The seismic data determination method based on prestack gathers provided in this embodiment performs spectral transformation on well logging data to obtain a corresponding spectral range. This facilitates the use of the spectral information of the well logging data as the input frequency band for the seismic gather forward model, thereby improving the accuracy of the seismic gather forward model construction. By evaluating the correlation matching between the synthetic seismic data and the stacked seismic data, the well-to-seismic consistency is optimized, maximizing the well-to-seismic correlation of the frequency-enhanced stacked seismic data.

[0104] The above method was applied in Shengli Oilfield and other areas, and the seismic reflection resolution and reservoir identification ability of the corresponding delta front, turbidite and other reservoirs were significantly improved, thus providing relevant reference basis for well location deployment.

[0105] Example 4

[0106] Figure 12 This is a block diagram of a seismic data determination device based on pre-stack gathers provided in an embodiment of the present application. The device can be implemented as part or all of an electronic device through software, hardware, or a combination of both. Figure 12 As shown, the seismic data determination device based on pre-stack gathers includes:

[0107] The acquisition module 21 is used to acquire seismic original gather data and well logging data.

[0108] The spectrum analysis module 22 is used to perform spectrum analysis on the logging data to determine the spectrum range of the logging data.

[0109] The forward modeling gather determination module 23 is used to construct a seismic gather forward model based on the frequency spectrum range, and determine the seismic forward modeling gather data through the seismic gather forward model.

[0110] The target channel set determination module 24 is used to determine the target channel set based on the seismic forward modeling gather data and the seismic original gather data.

[0111] The matching module 25 is used to match the synthetic seismic data determined based on the well logging data with the stacked seismic data corresponding to the target frequency set to determine the target seismic data.

[0112] Optionally, the forward gather determination module 23 may include:

[0113] The wave velocity acquisition unit is used to obtain the longitudinal wave velocity and the shear wave velocity in the logging data.

[0114] The wavelet determination unit is used to determine the corresponding bandwidth wavelet based on the spectrum range.

[0115] The model building unit is used to build a seismic gather forward model based on well logging data using P-wave velocity, S-wave velocity and bandwidth wavelet.

[0116] The data extraction unit is used to extract seismic forward modeling gather data from the seismic gather forward model.

[0117] Optionally, the target channel set determination module 24 may include:

[0118] The spectrum extraction unit is used to extract the first frequency spectrum of the seismic forward gather data and the second frequency spectrum of the seismic original gather data.

[0119] The spectrum adjustment unit is configured to adjust spectrum parameters of the second frequency spectrum based on the first frequency spectrum to generate a frequency band set.

[0120] The amplitude spectrum extraction unit is used to extract the first amplitude spectrum of the seismic forward modeling gather data and the second amplitude spectrum of the gather data.

[0121] The amplitude spectrum adjustment unit is used to adjust the amplitude parameters of the second amplitude spectrum based on the first amplitude spectrum to generate a target frequency set.

[0122] Optionally, the spectrum adjustment unit is specifically configured to: adjust spectrum parameters of the second frequency spectrum using the first frequency spectrum as the target function; perform correlation matching on the first frequency spectrum and the adjusted second frequency spectrum, and determine the proposed frequency channel set based on the correlation matching result.

[0123] Optionally, the amplitude spectrum adjustment unit is specifically configured to: adjust the amplitude parameters of the second amplitude spectrum using the first amplitude spectrum as a target function; perform correlation matching on the first amplitude spectrum and the adjusted second amplitude spectrum, and determine a target frequency set based on the correlation matching result.

[0124] Optionally, the spectrum analysis module 22 may include:

[0125] The transform unit is used to perform Fourier transform on the well logging data to obtain a frequency spectrum specific to the well logging data.

[0126] The spectrum analysis unit is used to analyze the frequency spectrum of the logging data to obtain the spectrum range corresponding to the logging data.

[0127] Optionally, the matching module 25 may include:

[0128] The waveform determination unit is used to determine first waveform data corresponding to the synthesized seismic data and second waveform data corresponding to the superimposed seismic data.

[0129] The correlation matching unit is used to perform correlation matching on the first waveform data and the second waveform data to determine the correlation matching degree.

[0130] The target seismic data determining unit is configured to determine the stacked seismic data as target seismic data when the correlation matching degree is greater than a preset threshold.

[0131] The further functional description of each of the above modules and units is the same as that of the above corresponding embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0132] The seismic data determination device based on pre-stack gathers in this embodiment is presented in the form of a functional unit, where the unit refers to an ASIC circuit, a processor and memory that executes one or more software or fixed programs, and / or other devices that can provide the above functions.

[0133] The seismic data determination device based on pre-stack gathers provided in the embodiment of the present application can perform frequency optimization based on pre-stack forward gather data, fully utilize the high-frequency components of the original seismic acquisition, realize well and seismic constrained frequency extension, and ensure the accuracy and reliability of the frequency optimization results.

[0134] The present application also provides an electronic device, such as Figure 13 As shown, the electronic device may include: a processor 301 , a communication interface 302 , a memory 303 and a communication bus 304 , wherein the processor 301 , the communication interface 302 , and the memory 303 communicate with each other via the communication bus 304 .

[0135] Memory 303, used for storing computer programs;

[0136] The processor 301 is configured to implement the steps of the above embodiment when executing the computer program stored in the memory 303 .

[0137] The communication bus mentioned in the terminal can be a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus. This communication bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of illustration, only one thick line is used in the figure, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or only one type of bus.

[0138] The communication interface is used for communication between the above terminal and other devices.

[0139] The memory may include random access memory (RAM) or non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage. Alternatively, the memory may be at least one storage device located away from the processor.

[0140] The above-mentioned processor can be a general-purpose processor, including a central processing unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), etc.; it can also be a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, and discrete hardware components.

[0141] In another embodiment provided in the present application, a computer-readable storage medium is also provided, in which instructions are stored. When the computer-readable storage medium is run on a computer, the computer executes the seismic data method based on pre-stack gathers described in any of the above embodiments.

[0142] In another embodiment provided by the present application, a computer program product including instructions is also provided, which, when executed on a computer, enables the computer to execute the seismic data method based on pre-stack gathers described in any one of the above embodiments.

[0143] In the above embodiments, it can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, it can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the process or function described in the embodiment of the present application is generated in whole or in part. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server or data center to another website, computer, server or data center via a wired (e.g., coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) method. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center that includes one or more available media integrated. The available medium can be a magnetic medium (e.g., a floppy disk, a hard disk, a tape), an optical medium (e.g., a DVD), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., a solid-state drive SolidState Disk).

[0144] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application are included in the scope of protection of the present application.

[0145] The foregoing is merely a list of specific embodiments of the present application, intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand or implement the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is intended to conform to the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for determining seismic data based on pre-stack gathers, characterized in that: include: Obtain seismic raw gather data and well logging data; performing spectrum analysis on the well logging data to determine a spectrum range of the well logging data; constructing a seismic gather forward model based on the frequency spectrum range, and determining seismic forward gather data through the seismic gather forward model; Determining a target channel gather based on the seismic forward modeling gather data and the seismic original gather data; The synthetic seismic data determined based on the well logging data are matched with the stacked seismic data corresponding to the target frequency set to determine the target seismic data.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of constructing a seismic gather forward model based on the frequency spectrum range and determining seismic forward gather data through the seismic gather forward model includes: Obtaining the compressional wave velocity and the shear wave velocity in the well logging data; Determining a corresponding bandwidth wavelet based on the spectrum range; Establishing a seismic gather forward model based on the well logging data using the P-wave velocity, S-wave velocity and the bandwidth wavelet; The seismic forward gather data is extracted from the seismic gather forward model.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The determining of a target channel gather based on the seismic forward modeling gather data and the seismic original gather data comprises: Extracting a first frequency spectrum of the seismic forward gather data and a second frequency spectrum of the seismic original gather data; adjusting spectrum parameters of the second frequency spectrum based on the first frequency spectrum to generate a frequency channel set; Extracting a first amplitude spectrum of the seismic forward modeling gather data and a second amplitude spectrum of the forward modeling gather data; The amplitude parameters of the second amplitude spectrum are adjusted based on the first amplitude spectrum to generate the target frequency set.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The adjusting the spectrum parameters of the second frequency spectrum based on the first frequency spectrum to generate a frequency channel set includes: Using the first frequency spectrum as an objective function, adjusting spectrum parameters of the second frequency spectrum; Correlation matching is performed on the first frequency spectrum and the adjusted second frequency spectrum, and the provided frequency set is determined based on the correlation matching result.

5. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The adjusting the amplitude parameter of the second amplitude spectrum based on the first amplitude spectrum to generate the target frequency set includes: Using the first amplitude spectrum as a target function, adjusting the amplitude parameters of the second amplitude spectrum; Correlation matching is performed on the first amplitude spectrum and the adjusted second amplitude spectrum, and the target frequency band set is determined based on the correlation matching result.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of matching the synthetic seismic data determined based on the well logging data with the stacked seismic data corresponding to the target frequency band set to determine the target seismic data includes: Determining first waveform data corresponding to the synthetic seismic data and second waveform data corresponding to the superimposed seismic data; performing correlation matching on the first waveform data and the second waveform data to determine a correlation matching degree; When the correlation matching degree is greater than a preset threshold, the stacked seismic data is determined as the target seismic data.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The performing spectrum analysis on the well logging data to determine the spectrum range of the well logging data includes: Performing Fourier transform on the well logging data to obtain a frequency spectrum for the well logging data; The frequency spectrum of the well logging data is analyzed to obtain a frequency spectrum range corresponding to the well logging data.

8. A seismic data determination device based on pre-stack gathers, characterized in that: include: Acquisition module, used to obtain seismic raw gather data and logging data; A spectrum analysis module, configured to perform spectrum analysis on the well logging data to determine a spectrum range of the well logging data; a forward gather determination module, configured to construct a seismic gather forward model based on the frequency spectrum range, and determine seismic forward gather data using the seismic gather forward model; a target channel set determination module, configured to determine a target channel set based on the seismic forward modeling gather data and the seismic original gather data; A matching module is used to match the synthetic seismic data determined based on the well logging data with the stacked seismic data corresponding to the target frequency set to determine the target seismic data.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: A processor, a communication interface, a memory and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the communication interface and the memory communicate with each other via the communication bus; wherein the memory is used to store computer programs; and the processor is used to execute the seismic data determination method based on prestack gathers according to any one of claims 1 to 7 by running the program stored in the memory.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and the computer instructions are used to enable the computer to execute the seismic data determination method based on pre-stack gathers according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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