Method for controlling mating of queen apis cerana by using queen bee fixing device

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of beekeeping, and relates to a method for controlling mating of queen apis cerana by using a queen bee fixing device, and by designing the specially-made queen bee fixing device, the device can mildly and stably limit the activity range of the queen bee, and meanwhile, the physiological safety and health of the queen bee are ensured. In the sexual maturity stage of the queen bee, the queen bee is placed in the device and placed in a specific mating site, the range and intensity of pheromone released by the queen bee are controlled through the device, drones are attracted to come to mate, and the problems that in natural mating, the queen bee flies away, bad weather influences exist, and non-target drone interference exists are effectively solved. By accurately regulating and controlling the mating environment and time, the mating success rate and the offspring quality are improved. The method is easy and convenient to operate, small in bee colony interference and beneficial to improvement of Chinese bee breeding benefits and population genetic diversity management, and a new way is provided for scientific breeding and breed conservation and breeding of Chinese bees.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of beekeeping and relates to a method for controlling the mating of a Chinese honeybee queen by applying a queen bee fixing device. Background Art

[0002] The Chinese honey bee (Apis cerana cerana) is a superior bee species native to my country. Its remarkable characteristics include strong foraging ability, adeptness at utilizing scattered nectar sources, and strong resistance to adversity. It plays a vital role in my country's agricultural ecosystem, playing an irreplaceable role in promoting crop pollination, increasing agricultural yield and quality, and maintaining ecological balance. With increasing attention to the ecological environment and demand for sustainable agricultural products, the Chinese honey bee breeding industry has also experienced rapid development, with the scale of breeding continuing to expand.

[0003] In Chinese honeybee farming, queen bee breeding and mating are crucial steps, directly impacting the colony's reproduction, development, and production performance. As the core of the bee colony, the queen's genetic quality determines the overall characteristics of the colony, such as honey production, disease resistance, and collection efficiency. The queen's mating process is crucial for determining the genetic diversity of her offspring and the health of the colony. Only through successful mating with multiple drones can the queen acquire sufficient sperm reserves, ensuring the subsequent high-quality egg production and offspring. Therefore, scientific and effective control of queen mating is crucial for improving the profitability of Chinese honeybee farming and cultivating superior bee species.

[0004] However, the traditional method of mating queen bees has the following limitations:

[0005] (1) Uncertainty of natural mating: Traditional Chinese honey bee queen mating mainly relies on natural mating. In a natural environment, after leaving the hive, the queen bee will make a nuptial flight on a clear and windless afternoon and mate with the surrounding drones in the air. However, this method is subject to many uncertainties. First, the sources of drones in the natural environment are complex and their genetic quality varies. The queen bee cannot independently select high-quality drones for mating, which may lead to unstable genetic quality of the offspring and affect the overall performance of the bee colony. Secondly, natural mating is greatly affected by weather conditions. If severe weather such as strong winds, heavy rain, and low temperatures is encountered during the queen bee's nuptial flight, the queen bee will not be able to carry out the nuptial flight and mate normally, thereby delaying the mating time and even causing the queen bee to miss the optimal mating period, affecting its reproductive function and the development of the bee colony. In addition, the natural mating area is limited. In intensively bred areas, queen bees and drones from different apiaries may mate in a relatively small space, which can easily lead to inbreeding, resulting in reduced genetic diversity of the bee colony, reduced disease resistance, and increased risk of disease in the bee colony.

[0006] (2) Difficulties in artificially assisted mating: In order to overcome some of the disadvantages of natural mating, people have tried to adopt methods of artificially assisted mating. Common methods of artificially assisted mating include artificially isolated mating and artificially controlled mating areas. Artificially isolated mating requires isolating the queen bee and the drones in specific areas, and then putting them together for mating when the time is right. However, this method is more complicated to operate and requires the construction of special isolation facilities, which is costly. In addition, during the isolation process, the living environment of the queen bee and the drones is quite different from the natural state, which may have an adverse effect on their physiological state and behavior, resulting in a low success rate of mating. Artificially controlled mating areas are achieved by selecting a suitable location and introducing drones and queen bees into the area for mating. However, in actual operation, it is difficult to accurately control the number and proportion of drones and queen bees in the mating area, and it is impossible to effectively avoid interference from other non-target bee colonies, making it difficult to ensure the quality and effect of mating.

[0007] (3) Difficulties in observing and recording the mating process: Whether it is natural mating or artificially assisted mating, it is crucial to accurately observe and record the queen bee's mating situation. By observing the mating process, we can understand the queen bee's mating behavior, mating time, mating partner and other information, providing a basis for evaluating the queen bee's mating quality and genetic quality. At the same time, recording the mating situation of queen bees with markers will help track the origin and genetic characteristics of their offspring, and provide important data support for bee species selection and breeding. However, since the queen bee's mating flight takes place in the air at a fast speed and the mating time is short, it is difficult for traditional methods to directly and accurately observe and record the mating process. At present, it mainly relies on the subsequent detection of queen bee semen and the observation of offspring traits to indirectly infer the mating situation, but these methods have certain lags and uncertainties, and cannot grasp the queen bee's mating dynamics in real time and comprehensively.

[0008] In order to better control the queen bee's mating process and achieve precise management of queen bee mating, some researchers have begun to explore the use of queen bee fixation devices to assist queen bee mating. Early queen bee fixation devices were relatively simple in design, with the main purpose of fixing the queen bee in a certain position for easy observation and operation. For example, some devices use simple clips or bracket structures to fix the queen bee's chest or abdomen to keep it relatively stable during mating. These devices have facilitated the study of queen bee mating to a certain extent, but due to imperfect design, there are many problems. On the one hand, the fixation method may cause harm to the queen bee, affecting its physiological health and mating behavior; on the other hand, the stability and applicability of the device are poor, and it cannot meet the needs of different environments and operations, resulting in significant limitations in practical applications.

[0009] With the deepening of research, the design of queen bee fixing devices has been continuously improved, but the existing devices still have some shortcomings when applied to the control of Chinese honey bee queen mating. In terms of device structure, some devices are too complex in design and inconvenient to operate. They require professional technicians to operate, which increases the breeding cost and difficulty of operation; while some simple devices have a single function and cannot meet the various needs of the mating process, such as precise positioning of the queen bee and adjustment of the fixing force. In terms of mating environment control, most of the existing devices do not fully consider the impact of environmental factors such as the number of drones in the mating area and the distribution of nectar and pollen source plants on the mating effect, making it difficult to create a suitable mating environment, resulting in unstable mating success rate. In addition, for the management of queen bees after mating and subsequent observation records, the existing devices also lack corresponding supporting measures, and cannot achieve systematic management and data analysis of the entire process of queen mating.

[0010] In summary, the traditional method of queen mating in Chinese honeybees has many limitations, and the existing queen bee fixing device also has deficiencies in controlling mating. Therefore, the development of a scientific, effective, and easy-to-use method for controlling queen mating in Chinese honeybees using a queen bee fixing device has important practical significance and can provide strong technical support for the development of the Chinese honeybee breeding industry. Summary of the Invention

[0011] In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a method for controlling the mating of a Chinese honeybee queen using a queen bee fixing device, so as to solve the existing problems.

[0012] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for controlling the mating of a Chinese honeybee queen using a queen bee fixing device, comprising the following steps:

[0013] S1. Queen bee fixing device production: Preparation includes two side-by-side support rods, a clamping device provided at the end of the support rod, and a queen bee fixing plate for fixing the queen bee;

[0014] S2. Drone breeding: Select a strong colony with more than 5 full-frame bees, add drone honeycombs, and control the paternal queen bee to produce drone eggs through the queen egg-laying controller. Move the honeycombs to the mating site after the drones have capped and before leaving the hive.

[0015] S3. Queen bee breeding: When the drones begin to leave the hive, the queen bee is bred through artificial transfer;

[0016] S4. Preparation of mating swarms: On the 10th day after rearing, prepare multiple mating swarms with one honeycomb and one frame of bees. On the 11th day, introduce mature queen cells to each mating swarm.

[0017] S5. Controlled mating: 3 days after the virgin queen leaves the hive, use the S1 device to fix the test queen bee. Place the device vertically in the mating area at noon on a sunny day for mating. Record the queen bee with the mark and observe until the brood comb is capped.

[0018] Optionally, the support rod is made of bamboo or iron, with a length of ≥20 cm and a diameter of ≥5 cm.

[0019] Optionally, a clamping switch is provided on the support rod, and the clamping switch is designed as two handles obliquely inserted into the support rod, and an elastic rubber ring is provided between the two handles. By holding the handles, the two support rods can rotate relative to each other.

[0020] Optionally, the clamping device is a queen bee fixing clamp fixed to the ends of the two support rods respectively. It is designed in the shape of a clamp, one end of which is fixed to the back of the support rod, and the other end cooperates with the queen bee fixing plate to clamp and fix the queen bee.

[0021] Optionally, a groove is provided in the middle of the queen bee fixing plate, which cooperates with the clamping device to lock the queen bee's thorax and abdomen, and the depth of the groove is determined according to the body shape of the queen bee.

[0022] Optionally, elastic rings are further provided between the support rods to ensure that the support rods return to their original positions.

[0023] Optionally, in step S2: the number of drones in the mating area is ≥ 10,000; and the nectar and pollen source plant Rhus chinensis is planted within 200 meters around the mating site.

[0024] Optionally, in step S5: the apparatus is placed vertically at a height of 0.5-1.5 meters; the queen bee's head faces due north during mating; and the queen bee is returned to the original mating group within 2 hours after mating.

[0025] Optionally, it also includes mating group management: supplement the feed with 100g of sugar water every other day; check the cleaning behavior of the worker bees every day, and replace abnormal mating groups in time.

[0026] Optionally, the artificial transfer of larvae to cultivate queen bees in step S3 specifically includes: selecting a parent group with an egg-laying capacity of ≥1500 eggs per day; using a secondary transfer method to replace the larvae 24 hours after the first transfer; and maintaining a constant temperature environment of 34±0.5°C after the queen cell is capped.

[0027] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the method of the present invention for controlling the mating of the Chinese honeybee queen by applying the queen bee fixing device has many significant advantages. At the genetic breeding level, the method can accurately and well control the source of drones. Under the natural mating state, the Chinese honeybee queen will randomly mate with many drones in a large range during the mating flight. These drones may come from bee colonies of different qualities and different genetic backgrounds, resulting in a complex source of genetic material for the offspring bees and difficulty in stabilizing the traits. The method adopted by the present invention restricts the queen bee to a specific area through the queen bee fixing device, and the breeder can specifically select a drone colony with excellent traits (such as high yield, strong disease resistance, high collection efficiency, etc.) as the breeding father, so that the queen bee only mates with these high-quality drones. In this way, the breeding father can be effectively controlled, and directional genetic improvement can be achieved, so that the genetic traits of the offspring bees are more stable, providing a reliable technical guarantee for breeding new Chinese honeybee varieties with excellent quality.

[0028] In addition, the method can also effectively avoid the loss caused by the queen bee's misplacement after mating. In the Chinese bee breeding process, the queen bee needs to accurately return to her own bee colony after mating. However, under natural conditions, due to factors such as dense bee colony distribution and complex environment, the queen bee may lose her way and mistakenly enter other bee colonies. Once entering the wrong bee colony, the queen bee is very likely to be besieged and killed by the worker bees of the bee colony, which will not only cause the original bee colony to lose its queen bee and fall into chaos, affecting the normal reproduction and development of the bee colony, but also cause the waste of the important breeding resource of the queen bee. The present invention controls the queen bee's mating by applying a queen bee fixing device, and can more orderly guide the queen bee back to the original bee colony after mating is completed, greatly reducing the probability of the queen bee's misplacement, thereby effectively avoiding the economic losses caused to the breeder due to the queen bee's misplacement, and improving the economic benefits and stability of Chinese bee breeding.

[0029] Other advantages, objects, and features of the present invention will be described in part in the following description and, in part, will be apparent to those skilled in the art upon examination of the following description or may be learned from practice of the present invention. The objects and other advantages of the present invention may be realized and obtained through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0031] Figure 1 It is a front view of the fixing device of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 It is a rear view of the fixing device of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a scenario of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a diagram of the brood comb produced by the queen bee of the present invention.

[0035] Reference numerals: support rod 1 , clamping switch 2 , elastic rubber ring 21 , elastic ferrule 3 , queen bee fixing clamp 4 , queen bee fixing plate 5 , groove 51 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following describes the embodiments of the present invention by means of specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic illustrations of the basic concept of the present invention, and the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0037] Among them, the accompanying drawings are only for illustrative purposes and represent only schematic diagrams rather than actual pictures, and should not be understood as limiting the present invention. In order to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the accompanying drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the dimensions of actual products. For those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the accompanying drawings.

[0038] The same or similar numbers in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar parts; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if there are terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", etc. indicating directions or positional relationships, they are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operate in a specific direction. Therefore, the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0039] See also Figures 1 to 4 , is a specific embodiment of a method for controlling the mating of Chinese honey bee queens using a queen bee fixing device. 1. Preparation of the queen bee fixing device

[0040] A queen bee fixing device is prepared. The device includes two support rods 1 arranged side by side. The support rods 1 can be made of bamboo or iron, with a length of ≥20 cm and a diameter of ≥5 cm to ensure the stability and durability of the device. A clamping switch 2 is provided on the support rods 1. The clamping switch 2 is designed as two handles that are obliquely inserted into the support rods 1. An elastic rubber ring 21 is provided between the two handles. By holding the handles, the two support rods 1 are rotated relative to each other, thereby achieving the clamping and releasing operations of the queen bee. An elastic ring 3 is also provided between the support rods 1 to ensure that the support rods 1 return to their original position, so that the device can quickly return to its original state after operation.

[0041] The clamping device is a queen bee retaining clamp 4 fixed to the ends of the two support rods 1. It is designed in a clamp-like manner, with one end fixed to the back of the support rod 1 and the other end cooperating with the queen bee retaining plate 5 to clamp and secure the queen bee. A groove 51 is opened in the middle of the queen bee retaining plate 5, which cooperates with the clamping device to lock the queen bee's thorax and abdomen. The depth of the groove 51 is determined according to the queen bee's body shape to ensure that the queen bee is firmly fixed without causing damage to the queen bee.

[0042] 2. Drone breeding

[0043] Select a strong colony with more than 5 full-frame bees as a breeding colony, add drone honeycombs, and control the parent queen bee to lay drone eggs through the queen bee egg-laying controller. During the breeding process, ensure that the bee colony has an adequate supply of feed to maintain its normal life and reproduction. After the drones have sealed the cap and before leaving the hive, move the honeycombs to the mating site. The number of drones in the mating area should be ≥ 10,000 to ensure that there are enough drones to mate with the queen bee. At the same time, plant the nectar and pollen source plant Rhus chinensis within 200 meters of the mating site to provide a rich source of food for the drones and queen bee, which is conducive to improving the success rate of mating.

[0044] 3. Queen Bee Breeding

[0045] When the drones begin to leave the hive, the queen bee is raised by artificially transferring the bees. The specific operation is as follows:

[0046] Select parent colonies that lay ≥1,500 eggs per day to ensure the queens bred possess superior genetic quality. Use a secondary transfer method, replacing larvae 24 hours after the initial transfer. This allows selection of more vigorous and well-developed larvae for breeding. Maintain a constant temperature of 34 ± 0.5°C after capping the queen cells to provide optimal conditions for queen development.

[0047] 4. Preparation of the mating group

[0048] On the 10th day after rearing, prepare multiple mating colonies with one honeycomb and enough bees per frame, and introduce mature queen cells to each mating colony on the 11th day. When preparing the mating colonies, ensure that the colonies are healthy and disease-free, and have a certain colony strength to increase the queen bee's acceptance rate after mating and the colony's reproductive capacity.

[0049] 5. Controlling Mating

[0050] Three days after the virgin queen leaves the hive, use the queen bee fixture prepared above to secure the test flight queen. Place the fixture vertically in the mating area at noon on a sunny day for mating. The fixture should be placed vertically at a height of 0.5-1.5 meters. During mating, the queen bee's head should face due north. This provides a relatively stable mating environment for the queen bee, which helps improve the success rate of mating. Record the queen bee with the marker and observe until the brood comb is capped, so that the queen's mating situation and offspring traits can be tracked and analyzed later. Return the queen bee to the original mating group within 2 hours after mating to prevent the queen bee from being away from the group for a long time, which may affect its status in the hive and the normal reproduction of the hive.

[0051] 6. Mating Group Management

[0052] Feed 100g of sugar water every other day to provide sufficient energy for the bee colony and promote its reproduction and development. Check the cleaning behavior of worker bees daily and replace abnormal mating groups in time to ensure the health and stability of the bee colony.

[0053] Example 1,

[0054] Experiments were conducted at a Chinese bee farm. A queen bee retention device was fabricated using the aforementioned method. The support rod 1 was made of bamboo, 25 cm long and 6 cm in diameter. The handle of the clamping switch 2 was made of wood, the elastic rubber ring 21 was made of rubber, and the elastic ferrule 3 was a rubber band. The queen bee retention clip 4 and the queen bee retention plate 5 were made of plastic. The depth of the groove 51 was set to 3 mm based on the size of a common Chinese bee queen in the area.

[0055] A strong colony of six-legged bees was selected for drone breeding. After adding drone combs, a queen egg-laying controller was used to control the male queen bee to lay drone eggs. Three days before the drones capped the combs, the combs were moved to the mating site. The mating area had a population of 12,000 drones, and Rhus chinensis was planted within 200 meters of the mating site.

[0056] When the drones begin to leave the hive, select the parent group with an egg-laying capacity of 1,600 eggs per day for artificial transfer of queen bees. The secondary transfer method is used. After the queen cells are capped, they are placed in a constant temperature box and maintained at 34°C.

[0057] On the 10th day after rearing, prepare 10 mating colonies with one honeycomb and one frame of bees. On the 11th day, introduce mature queen cells to each mating colony. Three days after the virgin queen emerges from the hive, secure the test queen using a pre-made queen securing device. Place the device vertically in the mating area at a height of 1 meter on a sunny day at noon, with the queen's head facing due north during mating. Record the marked queen and observe until the honeycomb caps. Return the queen to the original mating colony 1.5 hours after mating.

[0058] During the mating swarm management process, 100g of sugar water was supplemented every other day, and worker bees were checked daily for cleaning behavior. No abnormal mating swarms were found. After a period of observation, it was found that the mating success rate of queen bees controlled using this method reached 90%. The honey production of the offspring bees increased by 15% compared to bees bred using traditional methods, and their disease resistance was also significantly enhanced.

[0059] Example 2,

[0060] Experiments were conducted at another Chinese bee breeding base. The queen bee retaining device's support rod (1) was made of iron, 30 cm long and 7 cm in diameter. The handle of the clamping switch (2) was made of plastic, and the elastic rubber ring (21) and elastic ferrule (3) were both made of rubber. The queen bee retaining clip (4) and queen bee retaining plate (5) were made of metal, with the groove (51) set to a depth of 3.5 mm.

[0061] Strong colonies of seven-foot-long bees were selected for breeding drones. Drone combs were added to the colonies to control the production of drone eggs by the male queen. Two days before the drones capped the nest, the combs were moved to the mating site. The mating area was populated with 15,000 drones, and Rhus chinensis and other nectar and pollen-producing plants were planted within 200 meters of the mating site.

[0062] When the drones begin to leave the hive, a parent group with an egg-laying capacity of 1,700 eggs per day is selected for artificial transfer of queen bees. The secondary transfer method is used. After the queen cells are capped, they are placed in a constant temperature environment and maintained at 34.5°C.

[0063] On the 10th day after rearing, prepare 12 mating colonies with one honeycomb and one frame of bees. On the 11th day, introduce mature queen cells to each mating colony. Three days after the virgin queen emerges from the hive, secure the test queen using a queen holding device. Place the device vertically in the mating area at a height of 1.2 meters on a sunny day at noon, with the queen's head facing due north during mating. Record the marked queen and observe until the honeycomb caps. Return the queen to the original mating colony one hour after mating.

[0064] In terms of mating colony management, they supplemented the bees with 100g of sugar water every other day, inspected worker bees' cleaning behavior daily, and promptly replaced one abnormal mating colony. Observational statistics showed that the mating success rate of queens controlled using this method reached 92%, and the collection efficiency of offspring bees increased by 18% compared to bees bred using traditional methods. The colony's resilience was also significantly improved.

[0065] In summary, the method of the present invention for controlling the mating of Chinese honeybee queens using a queen bee fixing device can effectively improve the mating success rate of Chinese honeybee queens through reasonable device design and scientific breeding management steps, cultivate bee varieties with excellent traits, and provide strong technical support for the development of Chinese honeybee breeding industry.

[0066] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not limiting. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solutions, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for controlling the mating of a Chinese honey bee queen using a queen bee fixing device, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Queen bee fixing device production: Preparation includes two side-by-side support rods, a clamping device provided at the end of the support rod, and a queen bee fixing plate for fixing the queen bee; S2. Drone breeding: Select a strong colony with more than 5 full-frame bees, add drone honeycombs, and control the paternal queen bee to produce drone eggs through the queen egg-laying controller. Move the honeycombs to the mating site after the drones have capped and before leaving the hive. S3. Queen bee breeding: When the drones begin to leave the hive, the queen bee is bred through artificial transfer; S4. Preparation of mating swarms: On the 10th day after rearing, prepare multiple mating swarms with one honeycomb and one frame of bees. On the 11th day, introduce mature queen cells to each mating swarm. S5. Controlled mating: 3 days after the virgin queen leaves the hive, use the S1 device to fix the test queen bee. Place the device vertically in the mating area at noon on a sunny day for mating. Record the queen bee with the mark and observe until the brood comb is capped.

2. A method for controlling the mating of a Chinese honeybee queen using a queen bee fixing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support rod is made of bamboo or iron, with a length of ≥20 cm and a diameter of ≥5 cm.

3. The method for controlling the mating of a Chinese honeybee queen using a queen bee fixing device according to claim 1, wherein: The support rod is provided with a clamping switch, which is designed as two handles obliquely inserted into the support rod. An elastic rubber ring is provided between the two handles. By holding the handles, the two support rods are caused to rotate relative to each other.

4. The method for controlling the mating of a Chinese honeybee queen using a queen bee fixing device according to claim 1, wherein: The clamping device is a queen bee fixing clamp fixed at the ends of the two support rods. It is designed in a clamp shape, one end of which is fixed to the back of the support rod, and the other end cooperates with the queen bee fixing plate to clamp and fix the queen bee.

5. The method for controlling the mating of a Chinese honeybee queen using a queen bee fixing device according to claim 1, wherein: A groove is provided in the middle of the queen bee fixing plate, which cooperates with the clamping device to lock the queen bee's thorax and abdomen. The depth of the groove is determined according to the body shape of the queen bee.

6. The method for controlling the mating of a Chinese honeybee queen using a queen bee fixing device according to claim 1, wherein: Elastic rings are also provided between the support rods to ensure that the support rods return to their original positions.

7. The method for controlling the mating of a Chinese honeybee queen using a queen bee fixing device according to claim 1, wherein: In step S2: the number of drones in the mating area is ≥ 10,000; and Rhus chinensis, a nectar and pollen source plant, is planted within 200 meters of the mating site.

8. The method for controlling the mating of a Chinese honeybee queen using a queen bee fixing device according to claim 1, wherein: In step S5: the device is placed vertically at a height of 0.5-1.5 meters; the queen bee's head faces due north during mating; and the queen bee is returned to the original mating group within 2 hours after mating.

9. The method for controlling the mating of a Chinese honeybee queen using a queen bee fixing device according to claim 1, wherein: It also includes mating group management: supplement the feed with 100g of sugar water every other day; check the cleaning behavior of worker bees every day and replace abnormal mating groups in time.

10. The method for controlling the mating of a Chinese honeybee queen using a queen bee fixing device according to claim 1, wherein: The artificial transfer of larvae to cultivate queen bees in step S3 specifically includes: selecting a parent group with an egg-laying capacity of ≥1500 eggs per day; using a secondary transfer method, replacing the larvae 24 hours after the first transfer; and maintaining a constant temperature environment of 34±0.5°C after the queen cell is capped.

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