A method, system and device for measuring the heat of livestock and poultry respiration

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of respiratory measurement devices and proposes a method, system, and device for measuring the respiratory calorimetry of livestock and poultry. The method comprises: using an open-circuit respiratory calorimetry chamber to obtain oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide release at several moments in the livestock and poultry, as well as relevant weight data for multiple types of behavioral activities; obtaining respiratory entropy data at each moment and dividing it into several metabolic characteristic segments; determining the gas change volatility in each metabolic characteristic segment; obtaining the weight change synchronization of various types of behavioral activities in each metabolic characteristic segment; screening several respiratory calorimetry-influencing characteristic segments for various types of behavioral activities to obtain the degree of respiratory calorimetry influence of each type of behavioral activity; determining the energy consumption coefficient of each type of behavioral activity, and then obtaining the energy consumption factor of each type of behavioral activity in each metabolic characteristic segment; and obtaining the true energy metabolic level at the current moment. The present invention aims to solve the problem of animal behavioral changes interfering with the measurement results during respiratory calorimetry, thereby affecting the authenticity of metabolic levels.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of respiratory measurement devices, and in particular to a method, system and device for measuring the respiratory heat of livestock and poultry. Background Art

[0002] In animal production and nutrition research, respiration calorimetry is often used to measure oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production during animal respiration, thereby inferring the animal's energy metabolism (such as heat production, basal metabolic rate, and nutrient utilization efficiency). Currently, the most commonly used method is a respiration calorimetry chamber with a stable monitoring system, open circuit. A constant-flow fan continuously exhausts the indoor air, and a gas collection and analysis device detects the concentration of various gases, allowing the animal's energy metabolism to be calculated without affecting its normal behavior.

[0003] In the existing technology, the core purpose of respiratory thermometry of livestock and poultry is to assess their energy metabolism level in order to optimize breeding management strategies. It is usually achieved by online monitoring of oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide release in a respiratory metabolic chamber, and calculating heat production to represent the animal's energy metabolism. Due to behavioral interference such as eating and excretion during the measurement process, the actual measured results often deviate from their true metabolic level, making it difficult to provide a reliable reference for precise breeding. Although traditional fasting respiratory thermometry can remove behavioral interference to a certain extent, the fasting state will change the animal's normal metabolic pattern, affecting the representativeness of the measurement results. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a method, system, and device for measuring the respiratory heat of livestock and poultry to solve the problem that changes in animal behavior interfere with the measurement results during existing respiratory heat measurement, thereby affecting the authenticity of metabolic levels. The technical solutions adopted are as follows:

[0005] The present invention provides a method for measuring the heat of livestock and poultry breath, which comprises the following steps:

[0006] An open-circuit respiration and calorimetry chamber is used to obtain oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide release at specific moments in livestock and poultry, as well as weight data related to various behavioral activities;

[0007] Based on the oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide release of livestock and poultry at each moment, respiratory entropy data at each moment is obtained and divided into several metabolic characteristic segments; based on the difference in respiratory entropy data at adjacent moments in the metabolic characteristic segment and the overall fluctuation of the respiratory entropy data, the gas change volatility of each metabolic characteristic segment is determined; the difference in the change of relevant weight data of various behavioral activities within the metabolic characteristic segment is analyzed to obtain the synchronization of weight changes of various behavioral activities in each metabolic characteristic segment; several respiratory calorimetry impact characteristic segments of various behavioral activities are screened, and the energy similarity relationship between the change of relevant weight data of various behavioral activities and the gas change volatility is combined to obtain the degree of respiratory calorimetry impact of various behavioral activities;

[0008] Based on the gas change volatility of the respiratory thermometry-affected characteristic segments of various behavioral activities, as well as the changes in related weight data and the duration of the respiratory thermometry-affected characteristic segments, the energy consumption coefficient of each behavioral activity is determined, and then the energy consumption factor of each behavioral activity in each metabolic characteristic segment is obtained;

[0009] Obtain the behavioral activity with the greatest synchronization of weight changes in the metabolic characteristic segment at the current moment. Based on the degree of influence of its respiratory heat measurement and the corresponding energy consumption factor, combined with the measured heat production of the metabolic characteristic segment at the current moment, the actual energy metabolism level at the current moment is obtained.

[0010] Optionally, the respiratory entropy data at each moment is obtained and divided into a number of metabolic characteristic segments, including the following specific methods:

[0011] The ratio of carbon dioxide release to oxygen consumption of livestock and poultry at any moment is used as the respiratory entropy data at that moment;

[0012] Construct a two-dimensional coordinate system with time as the horizontal axis and respiratory entropy data as the vertical axis, map the respiratory entropy data at all moments to corresponding coordinate points in the two-dimensional coordinate system, and fit all coordinate points using the least squares method to obtain a respiratory entropy fitting curve;

[0013] Obtain several extreme points of the respiratory entropy fitting curve, use each minimum point as the rising starting point, use each maximum point as the falling starting point, and use several moments corresponding to the respiratory entropy fitting curve between adjacent rising starting points, as well as the moment corresponding to the previous rising starting point, to form a metabolic characteristic segment.

[0014] Optionally, the gas change volatility of each metabolic characteristic segment is obtained by:

[0015] The mean of the respiratory entropy data at all moments is obtained as the respiratory entropy threshold; the absolute value of the difference between the respiratory entropy data at any moment and the respiratory entropy data at the previous moment is taken as the respiratory entropy change value at that moment;

[0016] For any metabolic feature segment, the weight is constructed by the difference between the respiratory entropy data at each moment in the metabolic feature segment and the respiratory entropy threshold, and the respiratory entropy change value at each moment is weighted and summed to obtain the gas change volatility of the metabolic feature segment.

[0017] Optionally, the specific method for obtaining the synchronization of weight changes of various behavioral activities in each metabolic characteristic segment includes:

[0018] For any metabolic feature segment, obtain the difference between the weight data of any type of behavioral activity at the first moment and the last moment of the metabolic feature segment as the weight change value of the type of behavioral activity in the metabolic feature segment;

[0019] Obtaining the average of the weight change values ​​of all behavioral activities in the metabolic feature segment as the comprehensive weight change value of the metabolic feature segment;

[0020] The absolute value of the difference between the weight change value related to any type of behavioral activity and the comprehensive weight change value, and the ratio of the comprehensive weight change value are used as the weight change synchronization of the type of behavioral activity in the metabolic feature segment.

[0021] Optionally, the method of screening several characteristic segments of respiratory thermometry influence of various behavioral activities and combining the energy similarity relationship between the change of weight data related to the various behavioral activities and the gas change volatility to obtain the respiratory thermometry influence degree of the various behavioral activities includes the following specific methods:

[0022] The metabolic feature segments with gas change volatility greater than the gas activity threshold are regarded as activity-affecting feature segments; the behavioral activity corresponding to the maximum value of weight change synchronization in any activity-affecting feature segment is regarded as the influencing behavioral activity of the activity-affecting feature segment; any type of behavioral activity is regarded as several activity-affecting feature segments influencing the behavioral activity, and several respiratory thermometry-affecting feature segments of the type of behavioral activity are regarded as the influencing behavioral activity;

[0023] Arrange the weight change values ​​of each respiratory thermal measurement impact feature segment of the behavior activity in accordance with the time sequence corresponding to each respiratory thermal measurement impact feature segment to obtain the impact weight change sequence of the behavior activity;

[0024] Arrange the gas change fluctuations corresponding to each respiratory thermometry impact characteristic segment of this type of behavioral activity according to the time sequence corresponding to each respiratory thermometry impact characteristic segment to obtain the gas activity change sequence affecting this type of behavioral activity;

[0025] Obtain the Pearson correlation coefficient between the weight change sequence affecting this type of behavioral activity and the change sequence affecting gas activity, and multiply it by the mean of the weight change synchronization of this type of behavioral activity in each respiratory thermometry impact feature segment as the respiratory thermometry impact degree of this type of behavioral activity.

[0026] Optionally, the energy consumption coefficients of the various types of activities are obtained in the following specific methods:

[0027]

[0028] in, Indicates the Energy consumption coefficient of class behavior activities, Indicates the The number of characteristic segments affected by the respiratory thermometry of behavioral activities, Indicates the The first type of behavioral activity The relevant weight change value of each breathing heat measurement characteristic segment, Indicates the The first type of behavioral activity The duration of the characteristic segment of the respiratory thermal measurement effect, Indicates the The first type of behavioral activity The gas change fluctuation of each breath heat measurement characteristic segment, Represents the mean value of gas change volatility in all activity-affected characteristic segments, represents the absolute value function.

[0029] Optionally, the specific method for obtaining the energy consumption factor of each behavioral activity in each metabolic characteristic segment includes:

[0030] Based on the energy consumption coefficient of each behavioral activity and its related weight change value in each metabolic characteristic segment, combined with the duration of each metabolic characteristic segment, the energy consumption factor of each behavioral activity in each metabolic characteristic segment is obtained. The energy consumption factor is positively correlated with the energy consumption coefficient, related weight change value and duration.

[0031] Optionally, the obtaining of the actual energy metabolism level at the current moment includes the following specific methods:

[0032] The metabolic characteristic segment at the current moment is recorded as the current metabolic characteristic segment, and the behavioral activity with the largest synchronization of weight changes in the current metabolic characteristic segment is obtained as the influencing behavioral activity of the current metabolic characteristic segment;

[0033] According to the respiratory entropy data, oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide release at each moment of the current metabolic characteristic segment, the measured heat production at each moment of the current metabolic characteristic segment and the real energy metabolism level at the current moment are obtained. The calculation method is:

[0034]

[0035] in, Indicates the average heat production value at all times of the current metabolic characteristic segment. Indicates the degree of influence of respiratory thermometry on behavioral activities in the current metabolic feature segment. Indicates the energy consumption factor that affects behavioral activities in the current metabolic feature segment.

[0036] The present invention also proposes a livestock and poultry respiratory heat measurement system, which includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and running on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the above method are implemented.

[0037] The present invention also proposes a device for measuring the heat of livestock and poultry respiration, comprising:

[0038] A respiratory metabolism chamber is used to accommodate livestock and poultry; a water tank is used to hold water; a feed trough is used to hold feed for animals to eat; a water trough is used to drain water from the water tank for animals to drink; an egg collection net is used to receive eggs laid by animals; a manure collection tray is used to receive feces of livestock and poultry; a stainless steel mesh is used to receive feathers and dander of livestock and poultry; a constant flow fan is used to separate animal feathers and dander from feces; weighing sensors are respectively arranged under the water tank, feed trough, egg collection net and manure collection tray, and are used to obtain the weight of water, feed, feces and eggs of livestock and poultry; a PVC pipe is used to drain water; a gas delivery system is used to input air into the respiratory metabolism chamber; a gas collection and analysis system is used to collect gases in the chamber and analyze the concentrations of various gases, and integrate a respiratory calorimetry measurement system to receive other sensor data and run a computer program after obtaining the concentrations of various gases to implement the steps of the above method; a gas delivery pipe is used to deliver gas.

[0039] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention eliminates the extra energy consumption impact of various behavioral activities by combining the changes in relevant weight data of various behavioral activities of livestock and poultry through an open-circuit respiratory calorimetry chamber; wherein the respiratory entropy data at each moment is obtained and divided into metabolic characteristic segments to divide the time periods corresponding to possible different types of behavioral activities, and further quantifies the synchronization of weight changes in combination with the changes in relevant weight data to reflect the impact of corresponding types of behavioral activities in different metabolic characteristic segments, thereby avoiding "false" metabolic change intervals caused by behavioral changes; at the same time, various behavioral changes are further screened and analyzed based on the synchronization of weight changes and the volatility of gas changes, and the correlation between the changes in relevant weight data in multiple historical time periods and the volatility of gas changes is analyzed. Through the correlation analysis, the influence degree of respiratory calorimetry of various behavioral activities is obtained, which provides a basis for obtaining the real metabolic level through respiratory calorimetry in the future; through the short-term and small-amplitude related weight changes, the changes in gas activity reflected by various behavioral activities are analyzed to quantify the energy consumption coefficient of various behavioral activities, and the overall reflection of the influence changes of various behavioral activities on respiratory entropy is reflected. Combined with the changes in duration and related weight data, a stable energy consumption factor with physiological interpretation ability is obtained to correct the respiratory calorimetry measurement results obtained by oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide release, ensuring that the final measurement results can accurately restore the real energy metabolism level of animals under natural breeding conditions, and effectively remove the energy consumption interference caused by behavioral interactions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0041] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of a method for measuring the heat of livestock and poultry respiratory function provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a device for measuring the heat of livestock and poultry respiratory function provided by another embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] In the figure: 1. Respiratory metabolism chamber; 2. Water tank; 3. Feed trough; 4. Water trough; 5. Egg collection net; 6. Manure collection tray; 7. Stainless steel mesh; 8. Constant flow fan; 9. Weighing sensor; 10. PVC pipe; 11. Gas delivery system; 12. Gas collection and analysis system; 13. Gas delivery pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] See also Figure 1 , which shows a flow chart of a method for measuring the heat of livestock and poultry respiratory function provided by one embodiment of the present invention, the method comprising the following steps:

[0046] Step S001: Using an open-circuit respiration calorimetry chamber, obtain the oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide release of livestock and poultry at several moments, as well as relevant weight data of various behavioral activities.

[0047] The purpose of this embodiment is to use an open-circuit respiration calorimetry chamber to combine the various types of weight changes caused by various behavioral activities of livestock and poultry, eliminate the additional energy consumption impact of various behavioral activities, and correct the respiration calorimetry measurement results obtained by oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide release. First, it is necessary to obtain the oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide release of livestock and poultry at each moment, and at the same time collect relevant weight data for various behavioral activities.

[0048] Specifically, the open-circuit respiration calorimetry chamber comprises: a respiratory metabolism chamber (1) for accommodating livestock and poultry; a water tank (2) for holding water; a feed trough (3) for holding feed for animals to eat; a water trough (4) for draining water from the water tank for animals to drink; an egg collecting net (5) for receiving eggs laid by animals; a manure collecting tray (6) for receiving feces of livestock and poultry; a stainless steel net (7) for receiving feathers and skin of livestock and poultry; a constant flow fan (8) for separating feathers and skin from feces; a weighing sensor (9) arranged below the water tank (2), the feed trough (3), the egg collecting net (5) and the manure collecting tray (6) for obtaining the weight of water, feed, feces and eggs of livestock and poultry; a PVC pipe (10) for draining water; a gas delivery system (11) for inputting air into the respiratory metabolism chamber; a gas collection and analysis system (12) for collecting gas in the chamber and analyzing the concentration of various gases (oxygen, carbon dioxide and methane, etc.); and a gas delivery pipe (13) for delivering gas.

[0049] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the collection time interval of each sensor is set to 10 minutes. In this embodiment, four types of behavioral activities of livestock and poultry are analyzed, including drinking water, eating food, excretion and egg laying. The corresponding relevant weight data are water weight, feed weight, livestock and poultry feces weight and egg weight; at the same time, by analyzing the concentrations of various gases, the oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide release at each moment are obtained.

[0050] Step S002: Based on the oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide release of the livestock and poultry at each moment, obtain respiratory entropy data at each moment and divide the data into several metabolic characteristic segments; determine the gas change volatility of each metabolic characteristic segment based on the difference in respiratory entropy data at adjacent moments in the metabolic characteristic segment and the overall fluctuation of the respiratory entropy data; analyze the difference in changes in relevant weight data of various behavioral activities in the metabolic characteristic segment to obtain the weight change synchronization of various behavioral activities in each metabolic characteristic segment; screen several respiratory thermometry influence characteristic segments of various behavioral activities, and combine the energy similarity relationship between the changes in relevant weight data of various behavioral activities and the gas change volatility to obtain the respiratory thermometry influence degree of various behavioral activities.

[0051] Preferably, in one embodiment of the present invention, based on the oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide release of livestock and poultry at each moment, respiratory entropy data at each moment is obtained and divided into several metabolic characteristic segments, including the specific method of:

[0052] It should be noted that respiratory calorimetry measures the actual heat production of the animal body reflected by respiratory gas exchange, which indirectly measures the animal's energy utilization and metabolic intensity. Animal activities, such as eating, excretion, egg laying, etc., which cause changes in animal weight, will increase energy consumption; in respiratory calorimetry experiments, these activities will lead to an increase in the measured oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide release, thereby overestimating the animal's energy metabolism level; therefore, controlling or correcting the impact of animal activities is the key to improving the accuracy of animal respiratory calorimetry measurement results. In order to correct the impact of animal activities, it is first necessary to capture the animal activity time period, that is, to obtain respiratory entropy based on gas changes, and to segment metabolic behavior based on the value and change trend of respiratory entropy. The metabolic characteristic segment can reflect the respiratory entropy performance of different behavioral activities.

[0053] Specifically, the ratio of the carbon dioxide release and oxygen consumption of livestock and poultry at any moment is used as the respiratory entropy data at that moment; a two-dimensional coordinate system is constructed with time as the horizontal axis and the respiratory entropy data as the vertical axis, and the respiratory entropy data at all moments are mapped to a number of corresponding coordinate points in the two-dimensional coordinate system. All coordinate points are fitted by the least squares method to obtain a respiratory entropy fitting curve. The least squares curve fitting is a well-known technology and will not be repeated in this embodiment.

[0054] Furthermore, several extreme points of the respiratory entropy fitting curve are obtained, corresponding to the zero point of its first-order derivative, and each minimum point is used as the starting point of the rise, and each maximum point is used as the starting point of the fall. Several moments corresponding to the respiratory entropy fitting curve between adjacent rising starting points, as well as the moment corresponding to the previous rising starting point, constitute a metabolic characteristic segment. The first moment in each metabolic characteristic segment corresponds to a rising starting point, that is, the moments from a rising starting point to a falling starting point, and then to the next rising starting point constitute a metabolic characteristic segment; it should be noted that in the process of dividing the metabolic characteristic segments by the rising starting point, there are incomplete parts at the beginning and end of the respiratory entropy fitting curve, that is, the first moment and the last moment are not the rising starting point, and the incomplete time periods are each regarded as a metabolic characteristic segment.

[0055] Preferably, in one embodiment of the present invention, the gas change volatility of each metabolic feature segment is determined based on the difference in respiratory entropy data at adjacent moments in the metabolic feature segment and the overall fluctuation of the respiratory entropy data, including the specific method of:

[0056] It should be noted that when livestock and poultry are engaged in various behavioral activities, their energy demand increases rapidly and their respiratory entropy increases accordingly, showing a value greater than the mean respiratory entropy. The greater the change in respiratory entropy data at adjacent moments, the greater the change in energy demand, thereby quantifying the volatility of gas changes.

[0057] Specifically, the mean of the respiratory entropy data at all moments is obtained as the respiratory entropy threshold; the absolute value of the difference between the respiratory entropy data at any moment and the respiratory entropy data at the adjacent previous moment is used as the respiratory entropy change value at that moment. It is particularly noted that the respiratory entropy change value of the first moment among all moments is set to 0; for any metabolic feature segment, a weight is constructed based on the difference between the respiratory entropy data at each moment in the metabolic feature segment and the respiratory entropy threshold, and the respiratory entropy change value at each moment is weighted and summed to obtain the gas change volatility of the metabolic feature segment.

[0058] As an example, Fluctuation of gas changes in metabolic characteristic segments The calculation method is:

[0059]

[0060] in, Indicates the The number of moments in a metabolic feature segment, Indicates the The first metabolic feature segment Respiratory entropy data at each moment, Indicates the The first metabolic feature segment The change value of respiratory entropy at each moment, represents the respiratory entropy threshold, It is a linear rectifier function, which is used to ensure the non-negativity of the output result. When a non-negative value is input, the original input value is directly output, and when a negative value is input, 0 is output. is the weight normalization function, and the normalization object is At each moment in the metabolic characteristic segment .

[0061] It should be noted that the larger the respiratory entropy data is above the respiratory entropy threshold, the stronger the respiratory entropy change value at the corresponding moment reflects the fluctuation of gas activity. The larger the respiratory entropy change value, the more intense the gas activity, and the greater the volatility of gas changes in the corresponding metabolic characteristic segment, that is, the more likely it is to be in a certain type of behavioral activity.

[0062] It should be further explained that by analyzing the data on energy metabolism caused by animal activities in historical periods, that is, abnormal fluctuations in respiratory entropy, it is possible to identify "false" metabolic elevation intervals caused by behavioral changes; combined with the dynamic changes in key weight data such as body weight, feed intake, water intake, and excretion during animal activities, that is, relevant weight data of various behavioral activities, such as egg weight, feed weight, water weight, and feces weight, a correlation between various behavioral activities and measured metabolic fluctuations is established, thereby quantifying the impact of animal activities on the actual energy metabolism level, so as to accurately evaluate the additional energy consumption generated by animals during activities (that is, activity energy consumption), effectively separate the basal metabolism and activity-related metabolic components, and more accurately reflect the actual energy metabolism level of animals in specific physiological stages.

[0063] Preferably, in one embodiment of the present invention, the differences in weight data changes of various behavioral activities within the metabolic feature segment are analyzed to obtain the synchronization of weight changes of various behavioral activities in each metabolic feature segment, including the following specific methods:

[0064] For any metabolic feature segment, the difference between the relevant weight data of any type of behavioral activity at the first moment and the last moment of the metabolic feature segment is obtained as the relevant weight change value of this type of behavioral activity in the metabolic feature segment; it should be noted that the relevant weight data of the two types of behavioral activities of egg laying and excretion are egg weight and feces weight. When the behavioral activity occurs, the relevant weight data will increase. The difference between the egg weight (feces weight) at the last moment and the egg weight (feces weight) at the first moment is subtracted, and the corresponding weight change value is obtained; and the relevant weight data of the two types of behavioral activities of eating and drinking water are feed weight and water weight. When the behavioral activity occurs, the relevant weight data will decrease. The difference between the feed weight (water weight) at the first moment and the feed weight (water weight) at the last moment is subtracted, and the corresponding weight change value is obtained.

[0065] Obtain the average of the relevant weight change values ​​of all types of behavioral activities in the metabolic feature segment as the comprehensive weight change value of the metabolic feature segment; take the absolute value of the difference between the relevant weight change value of any type of behavioral activity and the comprehensive weight change value, and the ratio of the comprehensive weight change value to the comprehensive weight change value as the weight change synchronization of the type of behavioral activity in the metabolic feature segment.

[0066] It should be noted that when any type of behavioral activity corresponding to a metabolic characteristic segment occurs, its related weight change value will be much greater than the related weight change values ​​of other types of behavioral activities. The greater the deviation from the comprehensive weight change value, the greater the possibility of the corresponding type of behavioral activity occurring, and the greater the synchronization of the weight change.

[0067] It should be further explained that by extracting metabolic feature segments with large gas change fluctuations, and at the same time, for any type of behavioral activity, showing several respiratory calorimetry influence feature segments with the maximum weight change synchronization in these metabolic feature segments, it is shown that this type of behavioral activity has a greater impact on gas activity in these influence feature segments. This is shown by the temporal similarity relationship between the corresponding gas change fluctuations and the changes in related weight data. The more similar, the greater the impact of this type of behavioral activity on respiratory calorimetry.

[0068] Preferably, in one embodiment of the present invention, several characteristic segments of respiratory thermometry influence of various behavioral activities are screened, and the energy similarity relationship between the changes in weight data related to the various behavioral activities and the gas change volatility is combined to obtain the respiratory thermometry influence degree of the various behavioral activities. The specific method includes:

[0069] A gas activity threshold is preset. In this embodiment, the gas activity threshold is described as 0.5. The metabolic feature segment with a gas change volatility greater than the gas activity threshold is used as the activity influence feature segment. The behavioral activity of the type corresponding to the maximum value of the weight change synchronization in any activity influence feature segment is used as the influencing behavioral activity of the activity influence feature segment. Any type of behavioral activity is used as several activity influence feature segments that influence the behavioral activity, and as several respiratory heat measurement influence feature segments of this type of behavioral activity.

[0070] Furthermore, the relevant weight change values ​​of this type of behavioral activity in each respiratory thermometry impact feature segment are arranged according to the time sequence corresponding to each respiratory thermometry impact feature segment to obtain the impact weight change sequence of this type of behavioral activity; similarly, the gas change volatility corresponding to each respiratory thermometry impact feature segment of this type of behavioral activity is arranged according to the time sequence corresponding to each respiratory thermometry impact feature segment to obtain the impact gas activity change sequence of this type of behavioral activity.

[0071] Furthermore, the Pearson correlation coefficient of the weight change sequence affecting this type of behavioral activity and the change sequence affecting gas activity is obtained, and the product of the coefficient and the mean value of the weight change synchronization of this type of behavioral activity in each respiratory thermometry impact feature segment is used as the respiratory thermometry impact degree of this type of behavioral activity.

[0072] It should be noted that the greater the synchronization of weight changes in the characteristic segments affecting respiratory thermometry, the more it can reflect that gas activity is affected by the corresponding type of behavioral activity, and the greater the similarity between the weight change sequence affecting weight change and the gas activity change sequence affecting gas activity, the more correlated the gas activity changes between the characteristic segments affecting respiratory thermometry and the related weight changes of the corresponding type of behavioral activity, and the greater the influence of the corresponding type of behavioral activity on respiratory thermometry.

[0073] At this point, by obtaining respiratory entropy data at each moment and dividing the metabolic characteristic segments, the time periods corresponding to possible different types of behavioral activities are divided, and the synchronization of weight changes is further quantified in combination with the changes in relevant weight data to reflect the impact of corresponding types of behavioral activities on different metabolic characteristic segments, avoiding "false" metabolic change intervals caused by behavioral changes; at the same time, various types of behavioral changes are further screened and analyzed based on the synchronization of weight changes and the volatility of gas changes. Through the correlation analysis between the changes in relevant weight data in multiple historical time periods and the variability of gas change volatility, the degree of respiratory calorimetry influence of various types of behavioral activities is obtained, providing a basis for subsequent acquisition of true metabolic levels through respiratory calorimetry.

[0074] Step S003: Based on the gas change volatility of the respiratory thermometry impact characteristic segment of each behavioral activity, as well as the change in related weight data and the duration of the respiratory thermometry impact characteristic segment, the energy consumption coefficient of each behavioral activity is determined, and then the energy consumption factor of each behavioral activity in each metabolic characteristic segment is obtained.

[0075] It should be noted that the activity energy consumption coefficient is obtained for the respiratory thermometry impact feature segment corresponding to each type of behavioral activity, which represents the additional energy consumption caused by the corresponding type of behavioral activity; this avoids errors caused by accidental factors. For example, during a certain animal activity, due to accidental factors such as emotions, environmental interference (such as noise, temperature mutation), etc., the energy metabolism response is abnormally high or abnormally low. At this time, the measured heat production change is not the corresponding additional activity energy consumption increment; the energy consumption coefficient of each type of behavioral activity is quantified by analyzing the changes in measured heat production and the relevant weight changes and duration of the corresponding type of behavioral activity through data from multiple respiratory thermometry impact feature segments.

[0076] Preferably, in one embodiment of the present invention, the energy consumption coefficient of each type of behavioral activity is determined based on the gas change volatility of the respiratory thermal measurement impact characteristic segment of each type of behavioral activity, as well as the change in relevant weight data and the duration of the respiratory thermal measurement impact characteristic segment, including the specific method:

[0077] For the The energy consumption coefficient of the behavioral activities The calculation method is:

[0078]

[0079] in, Indicates the The number of characteristic segments affected by the respiratory thermometry of behavioral activities, Indicates the The first type of behavioral activity The relevant weight change value of each breathing heat measurement characteristic segment, Indicates the The first type of behavioral activity The duration of each respiratory thermal measurement impact characteristic segment (i.e. the number of moments in it), Indicates the The first type of behavioral activity The gas change fluctuation of each breath heat measurement characteristic segment, Represents the mean value of gas change volatility in all activity-affected characteristic segments, represents the absolute value function.

[0080] It should be noted that the smaller the relevant weight change value in each respiratory heat measurement impact characteristic segment of this type of behavioral activity, and the shorter the duration, and the greater the gas change volatility than the gas change volatility of most activity impact characteristic segments, then this type of behavioral activity will cause a large gas activity change due to a small amount of relevant weight change in a short period of time, and its energy consumption coefficient will be greater.

[0081] It should be further explained that respiratory entropy data is an indirect indicator of respiratory thermometry. The deviation of the current measured respiratory entropy activity fluctuation cannot represent the energy consumption of the activity. On the basis of the activity energy consumption coefficient, that is, the energy consumption coefficient as a whole reflects the changes in the impact of various behavioral activities on respiratory entropy, it is necessary to combine the changes in duration and related weight data to obtain a stable energy consumption factor with physiological interpretation capabilities.

[0082] Preferably, in one embodiment of the present invention, the energy consumption factor of each type of behavioral activity in each metabolic characteristic segment is obtained, including the following specific methods:

[0083] Based on the energy consumption coefficient of each behavioral activity and its related weight change value in each metabolic characteristic segment, combined with the duration of each metabolic characteristic segment, the energy consumption factor of each behavioral activity in each metabolic characteristic segment is obtained. The energy consumption factor is positively correlated with the energy consumption coefficient, related weight change value and duration.

[0084] As an example, The first metabolic feature segment Energy expenditure factor of behavioral activities The calculation method is:

[0085]

[0086] in, Indicates the Energy consumption coefficient of class behavior activities, Indicates the The first metabolic feature segment The weight change value related to the behavioral activity, Indicates the The duration of each metabolic feature segment (the number of moments in it), represents a sigmoid function, which is used for normalization processing in this embodiment.

[0087] At this point, the changes in gas activity reflected by various behavioral activities are analyzed through short-term and small-amplitude related weight changes to quantify the energy consumption coefficient of various behavioral activities, and overall reflect the changes in the impact of various behavioral activities on respiratory entropy. Combined with the changes in duration and related weight data, a stable energy consumption factor with physiological interpretation is obtained.

[0088] Step S004: Obtain the behavioral activity with the greatest synchronization of weight changes in the metabolic characteristic segment at the current moment, and based on the degree of its respiratory thermometry influence and the corresponding energy consumption factor, combined with the measured heat production of the metabolic characteristic segment at the current moment, obtain the actual energy metabolism level at the current moment, thereby realizing respiratory thermometry measurement of livestock and poultry.

[0089] It should be noted that the energy metabolism level of livestock and poultry reveals the energy distribution rules in physiological stages such as reproduction and growth. By evaluating the additional energy consumption generated by animal activities, the true energy metabolism level of livestock and poultry can be obtained, which more accurately reflects the true energy metabolism level of animals in specific physiological stages, helps to accurately supply nutrition, improve feeding efficiency, and provide important energy physiological basis for animal breeding and health management.

[0090] Specifically, the metabolic characteristic segment at the current moment is recorded as the current metabolic characteristic segment, and the behavioral activity with the largest synchronization of weight changes in the current metabolic characteristic segment is obtained as the influencing behavioral activity of the current metabolic characteristic segment; based on the respiratory entropy data, oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide release at each moment of the current metabolic characteristic segment, the measured heat production at each moment of the current metabolic characteristic segment is obtained, and the real energy metabolism level at the current moment is obtained. The calculation method is:

[0091]

[0092] in, Indicates the average heat production value at all times of the current metabolic characteristic segment. Indicates the degree of influence of respiratory thermometry on behavioral activities in the current metabolic feature segment. Indicates the energy consumption factor that affects behavioral activities in the current metabolic feature segment.

[0093] What needs to be explained is that based on the energy consumption factor in the current metabolic characteristic segment that affects behavioral activities, adjustments are made through the degree of influence of respiratory thermometry, and the heat interference generated by the behavioral activities is eliminated on the basis of the measured average heat production to obtain the true energy metabolism level at the current moment.

[0094] Furthermore, based on the actual energy metabolism level, statistics and visualization are performed through a time window (hours), including key indicators such as total heat production, basal metabolic rate, activity energy consumption, and respiratory entropy fluctuations, to support further physiological analysis, variety comparison, or feeding strategy optimization; and the key indicators in the respiratory thermometry measurement process are connected to the energy balance model, nutrient intake model, or breeding selection indicator system to enhance the decision-making support value of respiratory thermometry technology in the actual production of livestock and poultry.

[0095] At this point, through the open-circuit respiration calorimetry chamber, combined with the relevant weight data changes of various behavioral activities of livestock and poultry, the additional energy consumption impact of various behavioral activities is eliminated, and the respiration calorimetry measurement results obtained by correcting oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide release are ensured to ensure that the final measurement results can accurately restore the true energy metabolism level of animals under natural breeding conditions, and effectively remove the energy consumption interference caused by behavioral interactions.

[0096] Another embodiment of the present invention provides a livestock and poultry respiratory heat measurement system, which includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and running on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, steps S001 to S004 of the above method are implemented.

[0097] See also Figure 2 , which shows a schematic diagram of a livestock and poultry respiratory heat measurement device provided by another embodiment of the present invention, comprising:

[0098] A respiratory metabolism chamber (1) is used to accommodate livestock and poultry; a water tank (2) is used to hold water; a feed trough (3) is used to hold feed for animals to eat; a water trough (4) is used to drain water from the water tank for animals to drink; an egg collection net (5) is used to receive eggs laid by animals; a manure collection pan (6) is used to receive manure of livestock and poultry; a stainless steel mesh (7) is used to receive feathers and skin of livestock and poultry; a constant flow fan (8) is used to separate animal feathers and skin from manure; and a weighing sensor (9) is respectively arranged below the water tank (2), the feed trough (3), the egg collection net (5) and the manure collection pan (6). Used to obtain the weight of water, feed, feces and eggs of livestock and poultry; PVC pipe (10) for draining water; gas delivery system (11) for inputting air into the respiratory metabolism chamber; gas collection and analysis system (12) for collecting gas in the chamber and analyzing the concentration of various gases (oxygen, carbon dioxide and methane, etc.), while integrating a respiratory calorimetry system, receiving other sensor data after obtaining the concentration of various gases and running a computer program to implement steps S001 to S004 of the above method; gas delivery pipe (13) for delivering gas.

[0099] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for measuring the heat of livestock and poultry breath, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: An open-circuit respiration and calorimetry chamber is used to obtain oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide release at specific moments in livestock and poultry, as well as weight data related to various behavioral activities; Based on the oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide release of livestock and poultry at each moment, respiratory entropy data at each moment is obtained and divided into several metabolic characteristic segments; based on the difference in respiratory entropy data at adjacent moments in the metabolic characteristic segment and the overall fluctuation of the respiratory entropy data, the gas change volatility of each metabolic characteristic segment is determined; the difference in the change of relevant weight data of various behavioral activities within the metabolic characteristic segment is analyzed to obtain the synchronization of weight changes of various behavioral activities in each metabolic characteristic segment; several respiratory calorimetry impact characteristic segments of various behavioral activities are screened, and the energy similarity relationship between the change of relevant weight data of various behavioral activities and the gas change volatility is combined to obtain the degree of respiratory calorimetry impact of various behavioral activities; Based on the gas change volatility of the respiratory thermometry-affected characteristic segments of various behavioral activities, as well as the changes in related weight data and the duration of the respiratory thermometry-affected characteristic segments, the energy consumption coefficient of each behavioral activity is determined, and then the energy consumption factor of each behavioral activity in each metabolic characteristic segment is obtained; Obtain the behavioral activity with the greatest synchronization of weight changes in the metabolic characteristic segment at the current moment. Based on the degree of influence of its respiratory heat measurement and the corresponding energy consumption factor, combined with the measured heat production of the metabolic characteristic segment at the current moment, the actual energy metabolism level at the current moment is obtained.

2. The method for measuring the respiratory heat of livestock and poultry according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific method of obtaining respiratory entropy data at each moment and dividing it into several metabolic characteristic segments includes: The ratio of carbon dioxide release to oxygen consumption of livestock and poultry at any moment is used as the respiratory entropy data at that moment; Construct a two-dimensional coordinate system with time as the horizontal axis and respiratory entropy data as the vertical axis, map the respiratory entropy data at all moments to corresponding coordinate points in the two-dimensional coordinate system, and fit all coordinate points using the least squares method to obtain a respiratory entropy fitting curve; Obtain several extreme points of the respiratory entropy fitting curve, use each minimum point as the rising starting point, use each maximum point as the falling starting point, and use several moments corresponding to the respiratory entropy fitting curve between adjacent rising starting points, as well as the moment corresponding to the previous rising starting point, to form a metabolic characteristic segment.

3. The method for measuring the heat of livestock and poultry breath according to claim 1, wherein: The specific method for obtaining the gas change volatility of each metabolic characteristic segment is as follows: The mean of the respiratory entropy data at all moments is obtained as the respiratory entropy threshold; the absolute value of the difference between the respiratory entropy data at any moment and the respiratory entropy data at the previous moment is taken as the respiratory entropy change value at that moment; For any metabolic feature segment, the weight is constructed by the difference between the respiratory entropy data at each moment in the metabolic feature segment and the respiratory entropy threshold, and the respiratory entropy change value at each moment is weighted and summed to obtain the gas change volatility of the metabolic feature segment.

4. The method for measuring the respiratory heat of livestock and poultry according to claim 1, wherein: The specific method for obtaining the synchronization of weight changes of various behavioral activities in each metabolic characteristic segment includes: For any metabolic feature segment, obtain the difference between the weight data of any type of behavioral activity at the first moment and the last moment of the metabolic feature segment as the weight change value of the type of behavioral activity in the metabolic feature segment; Obtaining the average of the weight change values ​​of all behavioral activities in the metabolic feature segment as the comprehensive weight change value of the metabolic feature segment; The absolute value of the difference between the weight change value related to any type of behavioral activity and the comprehensive weight change value, and the ratio of the comprehensive weight change value are used as the weight change synchronization of the type of behavioral activity in the metabolic feature segment.

5. The method for measuring the heat of livestock and poultry breath according to claim 1, wherein: The method of screening several characteristic segments of breath thermometry influence of various behavioral activities and combining the energy similarity relationship between the changes in weight data related to various behavioral activities and the volatility of gas changes to obtain the degree of breath thermometry influence of various behavioral activities includes the following specific methods: The metabolic feature segments with gas change volatility greater than the gas activity threshold are regarded as activity-affecting feature segments; the behavioral activity corresponding to the maximum value of weight change synchronization in any activity-affecting feature segment is regarded as the influencing behavioral activity of the activity-affecting feature segment; any type of behavioral activity is regarded as several activity-affecting feature segments influencing the behavioral activity, and several respiratory thermometry-affecting feature segments of the type of behavioral activity are regarded as the influencing behavioral activity; Arrange the weight change values ​​of each respiratory thermal measurement impact feature segment of the behavior activity in accordance with the time sequence corresponding to each respiratory thermal measurement impact feature segment to obtain the impact weight change sequence of the behavior activity; Arrange the gas change fluctuations corresponding to each respiratory thermometry impact characteristic segment of this type of behavioral activity according to the time sequence corresponding to each respiratory thermometry impact characteristic segment to obtain the gas activity change sequence affecting this type of behavioral activity; Obtain the Pearson correlation coefficient between the weight change sequence affecting this type of behavioral activity and the change sequence affecting gas activity, and multiply it by the mean of the weight change synchronization of this type of behavioral activity in each respiratory thermometry impact feature segment as the respiratory thermometry impact degree of this type of behavioral activity.

6. The method for measuring the heat of livestock and poultry breath according to claim 5, characterized in that: The specific method for obtaining the energy consumption coefficient of each type of behavioral activity is as follows: in, Indicates the Energy consumption coefficient of class behavior activities, Indicates the The number of characteristic segments affected by the respiratory thermometry of behavioral activities, Indicates the The first type of behavioral activity The relevant weight change value of each breathing heat measurement characteristic segment, Indicates the The first type of behavioral activity The duration of the characteristic segment of the respiratory thermal measurement effect, Indicates the The first type of behavioral activity The gas change fluctuation of each breath heat measurement characteristic segment, Represents the mean value of gas change volatility in all activity-affected characteristic segments, represents the absolute value function.

7. The method for measuring the heat of livestock and poultry breath according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific method for obtaining the energy consumption factor of each behavioral activity in each metabolic characteristic segment includes: Based on the energy consumption coefficient of each behavioral activity and its related weight change value in each metabolic characteristic segment, combined with the duration of each metabolic characteristic segment, the energy consumption factor of each behavioral activity in each metabolic characteristic segment is obtained. The energy consumption factor is positively correlated with the energy consumption coefficient, related weight change value and duration.

8. The method for measuring the heat of livestock and poultry breath according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific method of obtaining the actual energy metabolism level at the current moment includes: The metabolic characteristic segment at the current moment is recorded as the current metabolic characteristic segment, and the behavioral activity with the largest synchronization of weight changes in the current metabolic characteristic segment is obtained as the influencing behavioral activity of the current metabolic characteristic segment; According to the respiratory entropy data, oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide release at each moment of the current metabolic characteristic segment, the measured heat production at each moment of the current metabolic characteristic segment and the real energy metabolism level at the current moment are obtained. The calculation method is: in, Indicates the average heat production value at all times of the current metabolic characteristic segment. Indicates the degree of influence of respiratory thermometry on behavioral activities in the current metabolic feature segment. Indicates the energy consumption factor that affects behavioral activities in the current metabolic feature segment.

9. A livestock and poultry respiratory heat measurement system, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and running on the processor, characterized in that: When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the livestock and poultry respiratory calorimetry method as described in any one of claims 1 to 8 are implemented.

10. A device for measuring the heat of livestock and poultry breath, characterized in that: include: Respiratory and metabolic chamber, used to accommodate livestock and poultry; water tank, used to hold water; Feed trough, used to hold feed for animals to eat; A water trough for draining water from the water tank for animals to drink; an egg collection net for receiving eggs laid by animals; a manure collection tray for receiving feces of livestock and poultry; a stainless steel mesh for receiving feathers and dander of livestock and poultry; a constant-current fan for separating animal feathers and dander from feces; weighing sensors are respectively arranged under the water tank, feed trough, egg collection net and manure collection tray for obtaining the weight of water, feed, feces and eggs of livestock and poultry; a PVC pipe for draining water; a gas delivery system for inputting air into the respiratory metabolism chamber; a gas collection and analysis system for collecting gases in the chamber and analyzing the concentrations of various gases, and integrating a respiratory calorimetry system to receive data from other sensors and run a computer program after obtaining the concentrations of various gases, thereby implementing the steps of a method for respiratory calorimetry of livestock and poultry as described in any one of claims 1 to 8; a gas delivery pipe for delivering gas.

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