Device and method for efficiently separating micro-plastics in domestic sewage

Abstract

The invention discloses an efficient separation device and method for microplastics in domestic sewage, and belongs to the field of microplastic separation.The efficient separation device comprises a treatment box, a pretreatment assembly is arranged on the inner side of the treatment box, and the pretreatment assembly comprises a first partition plate fixedly connected with the inner surface of the treatment box; a treatment seat is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the upper end of the first partition plate, the pretreatment assembly is used for preliminarily precipitating sewage, an adsorption assembly is arranged on the inner side of the treatment seat and comprises a second rotating shaft fixedly connected to the outer surface of the upper end of the first partition plate, and a magnetic plate is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the second rotating shaft. According to the sewage treatment device, micro-plastics in sewage are adsorbed and extracted by adopting a magnetic adsorption mode, the micro-plastics are separated from the sewage, and the micro-plastics with different specifications and shapes can be adsorbed, so that the influence of the shapes of the micro-plastics on the filtering effect can be reduced, and the adsorption separation effect of the micro-plastics can be effectively ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of microplastic separation, and more specifically, to a device and method for efficiently separating microplastics from domestic sewage. Background Art

[0002] Microplastics are plastic particles with a diameter of less than 5 mm. They are also a major carrier of pollution. Microplastics are difficult to degrade in the natural environment and have gradually become a global environmental pollution problem. Scientific research has found that there are large amounts of microplastic residues in domestic sewage. Due to the small size and light weight of microplastics, existing sewage treatment equipment is difficult to completely remove microplastics in sewage, and microplastics will continue to pollute the environment. Existing sewage treatment devices usually use filters to separate microplastics in sewage. For example, Chinese patent publication number CN219217579U discloses a device for separating microplastic pollutants in sewage. By setting up multiple sets of filters with different pore sizes to filter microplastics of different specifications, the separation effect of microplastics is improved. Although the limited microplastic separation device can filter and separate microplastics of different diameters by adopting a multi-stage filtration method, due to the diverse and irregular sizes and shapes of microplastic particles, including fibrous, fragmented, granular, etc., even if a multi-stage filter is used for filtration, it is difficult to make the mesh of the filter completely match the size and shape of the microplastics. Therefore, there will still be some microplastics with specific morphologies in the sewage that cannot be effectively filtered by the filter. Moreover, since the density of microplastics is close to that of sewage, these microplastics will still be mixed in the sewage, resulting in low quality of microplastic separation. In addition, the filter filtration and separation method requires frequent shutdowns to clean the microplastic particles on the surface of the filter, which will reduce the efficiency of sewage microplastic separation to a certain extent and increase the labor intensity of the operator. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In response to the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a highly efficient separation device and method for microplastics in domestic sewage. By adopting magnetic adsorption to adsorb and extract microplastics in sewage, microplastics are separated from sewage. Microplastics of different specifications and shapes can be adsorbed, thereby reducing the influence of the shape of microplastics on the filtration effect, and thus effectively ensuring the adsorption and separation effect of microplastics.

[0004] To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.

[0005] A highly efficient device for separating microplastics from domestic sewage, comprising a treatment box, an inner side of which is provided with a pretreatment assembly, the pretreatment assembly comprising a first partition plate fixedly connected to the inner surface of the treatment box, a treatment seat fixedly connected to the outer surface of the upper end of the first partition plate, and the pretreatment assembly for performing preliminary sedimentation on the sewage; An adsorption assembly is provided inside the treatment seat, and the adsorption assembly includes a second rotating shaft fixedly connected to the outer surface of the upper end of the first partition plate, and the outer surface of the second rotating shaft is fixedly connected to a magnetic plate, and the magnetic plate is located inside the treatment seat. The outer surface of the upper end of the first partition plate is fixedly connected to a recovery box, and the adsorption assembly is used to adsorb and collect microplastics in sewage; A separation component is provided on the inside of the recycling box, and the separation component includes a fixed rod fixedly connected to the upper and lower ends of the inner surface of the recycling box, the outer surface of the fixed rod is rotatably connected to a rotating seat, and the right side of the outer surface of the rotating seat is fixedly connected to a scraper plate, and the scraper plate is in sliding contact with the upper and lower ends of the magnetic plate. The separation component is used to separate and remove microplastics on the surface of the magnetic plate.

[0006] Furthermore, the lower end of the processing seat is cylindrical and the upper end is conical, the front side of the outer surface of the processing box is fixedly connected to a water inlet pipe, the inner surface of the processing box is fixedly connected to a material baffle plate, the material baffle plate is annular, the right side of the outer surface of the processing box is fixedly connected to a sewage pipe, the left end of the sewage pipe passes through the inside of the processing box, and the inner surface of the processing box is fixedly connected to a collecting plate at the lower side of the first partition plate.

[0007] Furthermore, a slide rail is fixedly connected to the upper end of the inner surface of the processing box, a movable sleeve is slidably connected to the lower side of the slide rail, a pull rod is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the movable sleeve, a motor is fixedly connected to the middle of the outer surface of the upper end of the processing box, and a first rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the lower end of the motor output shaft, and the lower end of the first rotating shaft is magnetically connected to the pull rod.

[0008] Furthermore, the outer surface of the movable sleeve is fixedly connected to paddles, and the number of the paddles is several groups and distributed in a ring array. The outer surface of the movable sleeve is fixedly connected to a movable plate, and the movable plate is in sliding contact with the outer surface of the processing seat. The outer surface of the upper end of the processing seat is provided with a liquid inlet hole, and the number of the liquid inlet holes is several groups and distributed in a ring array.

[0009] Furthermore, a supporting plate is fixedly connected to the upper side of the inner surface of the processing box, and the supporting plate is in a circular ring shape. A feeding assembly is provided on the outer surface of the supporting plate, and the feeding assembly includes a feeding pipe fixedly connected to the outer surface of the upper end of the processing box, and the lower end of the feeding pipe passes through the inner side of the supporting plate, and a slide groove is provided on the outer surface of the supporting plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the inner surface of the slide groove is slidably connected to a sealing plate, the number of the slide grooves and sealing plates are several groups and distributed in a ring array, the outer surface of the sealing plate close to the side of the movable sleeve is fixedly connected to an ear plate, the outer surface of the movable sleeve is fixedly connected to a bracket, the outer surface of the upper end of the bracket is fixedly connected to a top block, the top block is hemispherical, and the ear plate is in sliding and fitting contact with the outer surface of the top block.

[0011] Furthermore, a fixed pipe is fixedly connected to the upper side of the inner surface of the processing seat, a block is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the fixed pipe, a water outlet groove is provided on the outer surface of the upper end of the first partition plate, and the number of the water outlet grooves is several groups and distributed in a ring array, a second partition plate is fixedly connected to the lower side of the inner surface of the processing box, the second partition plate, the lower end of the collecting plate is fixedly connected to a discharge pipe, the discharge pipe passes through the lower side of the second partition plate and is fixedly connected to the second partition plate.

[0012] Furthermore, the inner side of the recycling box is hollow, a slot is provided on the outer surface of the recycling box, the recycling box is fan-shaped, the scraper is U-shaped, a discharge pipe is fixedly connected to the left side of the inner surface of the processing box, and the right end of the discharge pipe is connected to the inner side of the recycling box through a water outlet trough.

[0013] Furthermore, a guide groove is provided on the outer surface of the upper end of the magnetic plate, and the guide groove is elliptical. A second movable rod is slidably connected to the inner side of the guide groove, and a traction member is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the second movable rod. The outer surface of the upper end of the scraper plate is fixedly connected to the first movable rod on the side away from the rotating seat, and the traction member is rotatably connected to the first movable rod at one end away from the second movable rod.

[0014] A method for efficiently separating microplastics from domestic sewage comprises the following steps: S1: First, the sewage is injected into the treatment tank, and the impingement force of the water flow and the driving force of the motor cause the blades and the movable sleeve to rotate; S2: During the rotation of the movable sleeve, the feeding assembly can evenly spread the nano-magnetic powder in the sewage by lifting the sealing plate upwards; S3: After the sewage enters the treatment tank, the baffle plate cooperates with the treatment seat to initially precipitate the large particles of impurities in the sewage; S4: After the sewage enters the inner side of the treatment seat, it comes into contact with the magnetic plate, which adsorbs the composite particles of nano-magnetic powder and microplastics in the sewage; S5: The separation component scrapes and cleans the composite particles of nano-magnetic powder and micro-plastic adsorbed on the surface of the magnetic plate to reduce the residual amount of the composite particles of nano-magnetic powder and micro-plastic on the surface of the magnetic plate.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are: (1) This scheme uses magnetic adsorption to extract microplastics from sewage and separate microplastics from sewage. It can adsorb microplastics of different sizes and shapes, thereby reducing the impact of microplastic shape on the filtration effect, and thus effectively ensuring the adsorption and separation effect of microplastics; (2) This solution, by setting up components such as a sealing plate and a movable sleeve top block, can adsorb microplastics in sewage through nanomagnetic powder. At the same time, it can evenly add nanomagnetic powder to the sewage by controlling the movement of the sealing plate, thereby facilitating the full mixing and contact of the nanomagnetic powder with the microplastics in the sewage, thereby improving the adsorption quality of microplastics in sewage to a certain extent. (3) This scheme sets up components such as a recycling box, a scraper plate, and a guide groove. While the magnetic plate adsorbs the magnetic composite particles in the sewage, the scraper plate scrapes and cleans the magnetic composite particles on the surface of the magnetic plate through the reciprocating swing. By reducing the residual amount of microplastic composite particles on the surface of the magnetic plate, the magnetic plate can always maintain a good adsorption capacity, and thus the magnetic plate can continuously adsorb and separate microplastics in the sewage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 The overall structure of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 It is a top view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Middle AA section view; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 1 Middle BB section view; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 2 Middle CC section view; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 1 Middle DD section view; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 3 The enlarged schematic diagram at E in the middle; Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 5 The enlarged schematic diagram at F in the middle; Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 6 Enlarged schematic diagram at G in the middle; Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged schematic diagram at H in the middle.

[0017] Description of the numbers in the figure: 11. Processing box; 12. Support plate; 13. Processing seat; 14. First partition plate; 15. Motor; 16. Collecting plate; 17. Baffle plate; 18. Drain pipe; 19. Water inlet pipe; 21. First rotating shaft; 22. Pull rod; 23. Slide rail; 24. Movable sleeve; 25. Paddle; 26. Movable plate; 27. Liquid inlet hole; 28. Second rotating shaft; 31. Feeding pipe; 32. Slide chute; 33. Sealing plate; 34. Ear plate; 35. Bracket; 36. Top block; 41. Fixed pipe; 42. Stop block; 43. Recovery box; 44. Magnetic plate; 45. Water outlet trough; 46. Second partition plate; 47. Discharge pipe; 48. Notch; 51. Rotating seat; 52. Fixed rod; 53. Scraper plate; 54. First movable rod; 55. Pulling piece; 56. Second movable rod; 57. Guide groove; 58. Discharge pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention; it is obvious that the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] See also Figures 1 to 10 A highly efficient device for separating microplastics from domestic sewage comprises a treatment box 11, wherein a pretreatment assembly is provided inside the treatment box 11, wherein the pretreatment assembly comprises a first partition plate 14 fixedly connected to the inner surface of the treatment box 11, wherein a treatment seat 13 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the upper end of the first partition plate 14, and the pretreatment assembly is used for preliminary sedimentation of the sewage; An adsorption assembly is provided inside the treatment seat 13, and the adsorption assembly includes a second rotating shaft 28 fixedly connected to the outer surface of the upper end of the first partition plate 14. The outer surface of the second rotating shaft 28 is fixedly connected to a magnetic plate 44. The magnetic plate 44 is located inside the treatment seat 13. The outer surface of the upper end of the first partition plate 14 is fixedly connected to a recovery box 43. The adsorption assembly is used to adsorb and collect microplastics in sewage; A separation component is provided on the inside of the recycling box 43, and the separation component includes a fixed rod 52 fixedly connected to the upper and lower ends of the inner surface of the recycling box 43, and the outer surface of the fixed rod 52 is rotatably connected to a rotating seat 51, and the right side of the outer surface of the rotating seat 51 is fixedly connected to a scraper plate 53. The separation component is used to separate and remove microplastics on the surface of the magnetic plate 44.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, when separating and treating microplastics in sewage, the sewage is injected into the treatment box 11, the first partition plate 14 divides the internal space of the treatment box 11, and the pretreatment component performs preliminary treatment on the sewage to cause the large-volume impurities in the sewage to be initially precipitated. At the same time, an appropriate amount of nano-magnetic powder is added to the treatment box 11, and the microplastics in the sewage are adsorbed by the nano-magnetic powder. Then, the adsorption component magnetically attracts the nano-magnetic powder through the magnetic plate 44, and at the same time, the microplastics are adsorbed on the surface of the magnetic plate 44. Then, the separation component separates and removes the nano-magnetic powder from the surface of the magnetic plate 44, thereby reducing the content of microplastics in the sewage.

[0021] like Figure 1 、 Figure 3 As shown, the lower end of the processing seat 13 is cylindrical and the upper end is conical, the front side of the outer surface of the processing box 11 is fixedly connected to the water inlet pipe 19, the inner surface of the processing box 11 is fixedly connected to the material baffle plate 17, the material baffle plate 17 is annular, the right side of the outer surface of the processing box 11 is fixedly connected to the sewage pipe 18, the left end of the sewage pipe 18 passes through the inside of the processing box 11, and the inner surface of the processing box 11 is fixedly connected to the collecting plate 16 at the lower side of the first partition plate 14.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, when the pretreatment component is in operation, the sewage to be treated is first injected into the upper part of the first partition plate 14 inside the treatment box 11 through the water inlet pipe 19, and the sewage will be collected between the treatment box 11 and the treatment seat 13. The large particles of impurities in the sewage will fall downward under the action of gravity, and the impurities on the upper surface of the treatment seat 13 will also slide down along the inclined surface of the treatment seat 13. The large particles of impurities will be collected in the gap between the treatment seat 13 and the treatment box 11. The circular distribution of the baffle plate 17 can reduce the probability of large particles of impurities surging upward to a certain extent. A gate valve is provided on the inner side of the sewage pipe 18. After the sewage treatment is completed, the large particles of impurities collected on the lower side of the baffle plate 17 are removed. By preliminarily separating and filtering the large particles of impurities in the sewage, the residual impurities in the sewage can be reduced to a certain extent, thereby reducing the difficulty of subsequent separation of microplastics in the sewage.

[0023] like Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the upper end of the inner surface of the processing box 11 is fixedly connected to a slide rail 23, the lower side of the slide rail 23 is slidably connected to a movable sleeve 24, the inner surface of the movable sleeve 24 is fixedly connected to a pull rod 22, the middle part of the outer surface of the upper end of the processing box 11 is fixedly connected to a motor 15, the lower end of the output shaft of the motor 15 is fixedly connected to a first rotating shaft 21, and the lower end of the first rotating shaft 21 is magnetically connected to the pull rod 22.

[0024] The outer surface of the movable sleeve 24 is fixedly connected to the paddles 25, and the number of the paddles 25 is several groups and distributed in a ring array. The outer surface of the movable sleeve 24 is fixedly connected to the movable plate 26, and the movable plate 26 is in sliding contact with the outer surface of the processing seat 13. The outer surface of the upper end of the processing seat 13 is provided with a liquid inlet hole 27, and the number of the liquid inlet holes 27 is several groups and distributed in a ring array.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, sewage is pressurized and injected into the treatment box 11 through the water inlet pipe 19. When the amount of sewage in the treatment box 11 is small, the sewage will impact the paddle 25, so that the paddle 25 drives the movable sleeve 24 to rotate through the slide rail 23. The movable sleeve 24 will drive the pull rod 22 inside it to rotate synchronously during the rotation. When the amount of sewage in the treatment box 11 is large, the sewage can no longer directly impact the paddle 25. At this time, the first rotating shaft 21 and the pull rod 22 are magnetically fixed, and the motor 15 is started and driven by the output shaft of the motor 15. The first rotating shaft 21 rotates synchronously, thereby assisting the pull rod 22 to rotate through the first rotating shaft 21. The paddle 25 will disturb the sewage inside the treatment box 11 during the rotation. As the amount of sewage continues to increase, the sewage will continue to spread upward from the gap between the treatment seat 13 and the movable sleeve 24. When the sewage liquid level reaches the height of the liquid inlet hole 27, the sewage will pass through the liquid inlet hole 27 into the inside of the treatment seat 13. The movable sleeve 24 can prevent the sewage from directly entering the liquid inlet hole 27 to a certain extent, so as to better separate and treat large particles of impurities in the sewage.

[0026] like Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, a supporting plate 12 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the inner surface of the processing box 11, and the supporting plate 12 is in a circular ring shape. A feeding component is provided on the outer surface of the supporting plate 12, and the feeding component includes a feeding pipe 31 fixedly connected to the outer surface of the upper end of the processing box 11, and the lower end of the feeding pipe 31 passes through the inner side of the supporting plate 12, and a slide groove 32 is provided on the outer surface of the supporting plate 12.

[0027] The inner surface of the slide groove 32 is slidably connected to a sealing plate 33. The slide grooves 32 and sealing plates 33 are in several groups and are distributed in a ring array. The outer surface of the sealing plate 33 is fixedly connected to an ear plate 34 near the movable sleeve 24. The outer surface of the movable sleeve 24 is fixedly connected to a bracket 35. The outer surface of the upper end of the bracket 35 is fixedly connected to a top block 36. The top block 36 is hemispherical, and the ear plate 34 is in sliding contact with the outer surface of the top block 36.

[0028] By adopting the above technical solution, after the sewage enters the treatment box 11, an appropriate amount of nano-magnetic powder is added to the supporting plate 12 through the feeding pipe 31. The movable sleeve 24 will drive the top block 36 to make a circular motion through the bracket 35 during the rotation. The top block 36 will contact the lower surface of the ear plate 34 during the movement. The ear plate 34 will move up and down under the action of the top block 36, thereby driving the sealing plate 33 to move upward through the ear plate 34. The chute 32 can slide and guide the sealing plate 33. When the ear plate 34 and the sealing plate 33 move upward, the nano-magnetic powder on the inside of the supporting plate 12 will be discharged to the outside of the supporting plate 12 through the chute 32 and fall into the sewage under the action of gravity. Since the sealing plate 33 and the ear plate 34 are distributed in a circular array, the nano-magnetic powder can be The powder is sprinkled into the sewage in a circular shape. At the same time, as the blades 25 disturb the sewage, the nano-magnetic powder is fully mixed with the sewage. The nano-magnetic powder uses the adsorption properties of magnetic materials and the active effects of nano-materials to adsorb microplastics on the surface of the nano-magnetic powder through the action of the magnetic field. When the microplastics in the water come into contact with the nano-magnetic powder, due to the strong magnetism of the nano-magnetic powder, microplastics of various shapes will be quickly adsorbed on the surface of the nano-magnetic powder and form composite particles. The composite particles will enter the inner side of the treatment seat 13 together with the sewage. By adopting magnetic adsorption to adsorb and extract microplastics in sewage, microplastics of different specifications and shapes can be adsorbed, thereby reducing the influence of the shape of microplastics on the filtration effect, and thus effectively ensuring the adsorption and separation effect of microplastics.

[0029] like Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, a fixed pipe 41 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the inner surface of the processing seat 13, a block 42 is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the fixed pipe 41, a water outlet trough 45 is provided on the outer surface of the upper end of the first partition plate 14, and the number of the water outlet troughs 45 is several groups and distributed in a ring array, a second partition plate 46 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the inner surface of the processing box 11, the second partition plate 46, the lower end of the collecting plate 16 is fixedly connected to a discharge pipe 47, the discharge pipe 47 passes through the lower side of the second partition plate 46 and is fixedly connected to the second partition plate 46.

[0030] By adopting the above technical solution, the pull rod 22 will drive the second rotating shaft 28 to rotate synchronously during the rotation process, thereby driving the magnetic plate 44 to rotate synchronously through the second rotating shaft 28, and the sewage will enter the inner side of the fixed tube 41 through the liquid inlet hole 27. The block 42 can partially block the lower side of the fixed tube 41, thereby preventing the sewage from being directly poured onto the surface of the recovery box 43. The sewage will contact the surface of the magnetic plate 44 during the falling process. The magnetic plate 44 can adsorb the composite particles in the sewage, thereby simultaneously adsorbing and separating the microplastics in the sewage, thereby effectively reducing the residual amount of microplastics in the sewage. The treated sewage flows downward through the outlet trough 45 on the surface of the first partition plate 14 to the collection plate 16, and then is collected into the discharge pipe 47 through the collection plate 16 and discharged through the discharge pipe 47.

[0031] like Figure 3 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the inner side of the recovery box 43 is hollow, a slot 48 is provided on the outer surface of the recovery box 43, the recovery box 43 is fan-shaped, the scraper plate 53 is U-shaped, and a discharge pipe 58 is fixedly connected to the left side of the inner surface of the processing box 11. The right end of the discharge pipe 58 is connected to the inner side of the recovery box 43 through the water outlet trough 45, and the scraper plate 53 is in sliding contact with the upper and lower ends of the magnetic plate 44.

[0032] A guide groove 57 is provided on the outer surface of the upper end of the magnetic plate 44, and the guide groove 57 is elliptical. A second movable rod 56 is slidably connected to the inner side of the guide groove 57, and a traction member 55 is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the second movable rod 56. The outer surface of the upper end of the scraper plate 53 is fixedly connected to the first movable rod 54 on the side away from the rotating seat 51, and the traction member 55 is rotatably connected to the first movable rod 54 on the end away from the second movable rod 56.

[0033] By adopting the above technical solution, when the magnetic plate 44 adsorbs the microplastic particles in the sewage, the number of microplastic particles adsorbed on the surface of the magnetic plate 44 will continue to accumulate, and excessive adsorption of microplastics on the surface of the magnetic plate 44 will affect the adsorption performance of the magnetic plate 44, and will also increase the weight of the magnetic plate 44, thereby increasing the resistance to the rotation of the magnetic plate 44. For this purpose, a separation component is provided. During the rotation process, the magnetic plate 44 will enter the inner side of the recycling box 43 through the notch 48 on the surface of the recycling box 43. An elliptical guide groove 57 is provided on the surface of the magnetic plate 44. As the magnetic plate 44 rotates, the second movable rod 56 inside the guide groove 57 can move as the position of the guide groove 57 changes. While moving, the second movable rod 56 drives the first movable rod 54 to move synchronously through the traction member 55, and the traction Component 55 pulls the scraper plate 53 through the first movable rod 54, and the fixed rod 52 inside the recovery box 43 supports the scraper plate 53 through the rotating seat 51, so that the scraper plate 53 can swing to a certain extent. During the rotation of the magnetic plate 44, the synchronous swing of the scraper plate 53 can effectively scrape and clean the microplastic particles on the surface of the magnetic plate 44, so that the microplastics remain on the inside of the recovery box 43, thereby effectively reducing the residual microplastics on the surface of the magnetic plate 44, so that the magnetic plate 44 always maintains good adsorption performance, and then the magnetic plate 44 can continue to adsorb and treat the microplastics in the sewage. The recovered microplastics and nano-magnetic powder mixture will remain in the recovery box 43 and be discharged to the outside of the treatment box 11 through the discharge pipe 58 for centralized collection and treatment.

[0034] A method for efficiently separating microplastics from domestic sewage comprises the following steps: S1: First, sewage is injected into the treatment box 11. The sewage flow impacts the paddle 25. The impact force of the water flow and the driving force of the motor 15 cause the paddle 25 and the movable sleeve 24 to rotate, causing the paddle 25 to disturb the sewage. S2: During the rotation of the movable sleeve 24, the feeding assembly can evenly spread the nano-magnetic powder in the sewage by lifting the sealing plate 33 upwards, and under the disturbance of the blade 25, the nano-magnetic powder is fully mixed with the microplastics in the sewage to form composite particles; S3: After the sewage enters the treatment box 11, the baffle plate 17 cooperates with the treatment seat 13 to gradually raise the sewage level, so that large particles of impurities in the sewage have a certain amount of time to initially settle; S4: The sewage enters the inner side of the treatment seat 13 through the liquid inlet 27 and contacts the magnetic plate 44. The magnetic plate 44 adsorbs the composite particles of nano-magnetic powder and microplastics in the sewage, thereby reducing the residual amount of microplastics in the sewage. S5: The separation component scrapes and cleans the composite particles of nano-magnetic powder and micro-plastic adsorbed on the surface of the magnetic plate 44, leaving the nano-magnetic powder and micro-plastic inside the recycling box 43, thereby reducing the residual amount of the composite particles of nano-magnetic powder and micro-plastic on the surface of the magnetic plate 44.

[0035] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention; however, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art who, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, makes equivalent substitutions or modifications based on the technical solutions and improved concepts of the present invention shall be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A highly efficient separation device for microplastics in domestic sewage, comprising a treatment box (11), characterized in that: A pre-treatment component is provided inside the treatment box (11), the pre-treatment component comprising a first partition plate (14) fixedly connected to the inner surface of the treatment box (11), a treatment seat (13) fixedly connected to the outer surface of the upper end of the first partition plate (14), and the pre-treatment component is used for preliminary sedimentation of sewage; An adsorption assembly is provided inside the treatment seat (13), the adsorption assembly comprising a second rotating shaft (28) fixedly connected to the outer surface of the upper end of the first partition plate (14), a magnetic plate (44) fixedly connected to the outer surface of the second rotating shaft (28), and a recovery box (43) fixedly connected to the outer surface of the upper end of the first partition plate (14). The adsorption assembly is used to adsorb and collect microplastics in sewage; A separation component is provided inside the recycling box (43), and the separation component includes a fixed rod (52) fixedly connected to the inner surface of the recycling box (43), the outer surface of the fixed rod (52) is rotatably connected to a rotating seat (51), and the outer surface of the rotating seat (51) is fixedly connected to a scraper plate (53). The separation component is used to separate and remove microplastics on the surface of the magnetic plate (44).

2. The device for efficiently separating microplastics from domestic sewage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the treatment seat (13) is cylindrical and the upper end is conical. The front side of the outer surface of the treatment box (11) is fixedly connected to a water inlet pipe (19). The inner surface of the treatment box (11) is fixedly connected to a material baffle plate (17). The material baffle plate (17) is annular. The right side of the outer surface of the treatment box (11) is fixedly connected to a sewage pipe (18). The left end of the sewage pipe (18) passes through the inner side of the treatment box (11). The inner surface of the treatment box (11) is fixedly connected to a collecting plate (16) located below the first partition plate (14).

3. The device for efficiently separating microplastics from domestic sewage according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper end of the inner surface of the processing box (11) is fixedly connected to a slide rail (23), the lower side of the slide rail (23) is slidably connected to a movable sleeve (24), the inner surface of the movable sleeve (24) is fixedly connected to a pull rod (22), the middle part of the outer surface of the upper end of the processing box (11) is fixedly connected to a motor (15), the lower end of the output shaft of the motor (15) is fixedly connected to a first rotating shaft (21), and the lower end of the first rotating shaft (21) is magnetically connected to the pull rod (22).

4. The device for efficiently separating microplastics from domestic sewage according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer surface of the movable sleeve (24) is fixedly connected with a paddle (25), and the number of the paddles (25) is several groups and distributed in a ring array. The outer surface of the movable sleeve (24) is fixedly connected with a movable plate (26), and the movable plate (26) is in sliding contact with the outer surface of the processing seat (13). The outer surface of the upper end of the processing seat (13) is provided with a liquid inlet hole (27), and the number of the liquid inlet holes (27) is several groups and distributed in a ring array.

5. The device for efficiently separating microplastics from domestic sewage according to claim 4, characterized in that: A supporting plate (12) is fixedly connected to the upper side of the inner surface of the processing box (11), and the supporting plate (12) is annular. A feeding assembly is provided on the outer surface of the supporting plate (12), and the feeding assembly includes a feeding pipe (31) fixedly connected to the outer surface of the upper end of the processing box (11), and the lower end of the feeding pipe (31) passes through the inner side of the supporting plate (12), and a slide groove (32) is provided on the outer surface of the supporting plate (12).

6. The device for efficiently separating microplastics from domestic sewage according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inner surface of the slide groove (32) is slidably connected to a sealing plate (33). The number of the slide grooves (32) and the sealing plates (33) are both several groups and are distributed in a ring array. The outer surface of the sealing plate (33) is fixedly connected to an ear plate (34) near the side of the movable sleeve (24). The outer surface of the movable sleeve (24) is fixedly connected to a bracket (35). The outer surface of the upper end of the bracket (35) is fixedly connected to a top block (36). The top block (36) is hemispherical. The ear plate (34) is in sliding contact with the outer surface of the top block (36).

7. The device for efficiently separating microplastics from domestic sewage according to claim 6, characterized in that: The upper side of the inner surface of the processing seat (13) is fixedly connected to a fixed pipe (41), and the inner surface of the fixed pipe (41) is fixedly connected to a stopper (42). The outer surface of the upper end of the first partition plate (14) is provided with a water outlet trough (45), and the number of the water outlet troughs (45) is several groups and distributed in a ring array. The lower side of the inner surface of the processing box (11) is fixedly connected to a second partition plate (46). The lower end of the second partition plate (46) and the collecting plate (16) are fixedly connected to a discharge pipe (47), and the discharge pipe (47) passes through the lower side of the second partition plate (46) and is fixedly connected to the second partition plate (46).

8. The device for efficiently separating microplastics from domestic sewage according to claim 7, characterized in that: The inner side of the recycling box (43) is hollow, and a notch (48) is provided on the outer surface of the recycling box (43). The recycling box (43) is fan-shaped, and the scraper plate (53) is U-shaped. A discharge pipe (58) is fixedly connected to the left side of the inner surface of the processing box (11), and the right end of the discharge pipe (58) is connected to the inner side of the recycling box (43) through the water outlet trough (45). The scraper plate (53) is in sliding contact with the upper and lower ends of the magnetic plate (44).

9. The device for efficiently separating microplastics from domestic sewage according to claim 8, characterized in that: A guide groove (57) is provided on the outer surface of the upper end of the magnetic plate (44), and the guide groove (57) is elliptical. A second movable rod (56) is slidably connected to the inner side of the guide groove (57), and a traction member (55) is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the second movable rod (56). The outer surface of the upper end of the scraper plate (53) is fixedly connected to the first movable rod (54) on the side away from the rotating seat (51), and the traction member (55) is rotatably connected to the first movable rod (54) on the side away from the second movable rod (56).

10. A method for using a device for efficiently separating microplastics from domestic sewage according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: First, sewage is injected into the treatment box (11), and the impulsive force of the water flow and the driving force of the motor (15) are used to rotate the blade (25) and the movable sleeve (24); S2: During the rotation of the movable sleeve (24), the feeding assembly can evenly spread the nano-magnetic powder in the sewage by lifting the sealing plate (33); S3: After the sewage enters the inner side of the treatment box (11), the baffle plate (17) cooperates with the treatment seat (13) to initially precipitate the large particles of impurities in the sewage; S4: After the sewage enters the inner side of the treatment seat (13), it contacts the magnetic plate (44), and the composite particles of nano-magnetic powder and microplastics in the sewage are adsorbed by the magnetic plate (44); S5: The separation component scrapes and cleans the composite particles of nano-magnetic powder and micro-plastic adsorbed on the surface of the magnetic plate (44), thereby reducing the residual amount of the composite particles of nano-magnetic powder and micro-plastic on the surface of the magnetic plate (44).

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