Fire resistant light weight cable for safe return to port system of a ship and its processing method

Abstract

The application relates to the field of cables and discloses a fireproof light cable for a safe return-to-port system of a ship and a processing method thereof, the cable comprising, from inside to outside, a core, a fireproof layer, an insulation layer, a cabling layer, an inner sheath layer, an armored layer and an outer sheath layer, the inner sheath layer and the outer sheath layer being prepared by extrusion of a sheath layer material, the sheath layer material comprising low-density polyethylene, butyronitrile rubber, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, a functional additive, a composite filler and an auxiliary agent; the functional additive is prepared by the reaction of 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoyl chloride and 2-chloro-4,6-diamino-1,3,5-triazine to obtain a modified hindered phenol component, and then the product obtained by the reaction of 1,4-p-dichlorobenzyl and 10-(2,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-10H-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide is continuously reacted with the modified hindered phenol component; the composite filler is prepared by columnar titania and zinc oxide pillared modification of vermiculite, and the cable prepared by the application has excellent mechanical properties, flame-retardant properties and aging resistance.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of cables, and particularly relates to a fire-resistant light cable for a safe return-to-port system of a ship and a processing method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] The fire-resistant marine power cable refers to a power cable with fire-resistant performance used in a marine electrical system. As a special working environment, a ship has a high fire risk, and therefore the marine cable needs to have good flame-retardant performance to ensure that the fire can be slowed down and the loss caused by the fire can be reduced. The sheath layer material as an important component of the cable will affect the service life of the entire cable and whether the system can normally operate, and the low-density polyethylene is a general-purpose plastic and is widely used, but the molecular structure of the low-density polyethylene is relatively single, the high saturation of the carbon-hydrogen main chain leads to a low limiting oxygen index, and the low-density polyethylene cannot be self-extinguished, in the combustion process, the low-density polyethylene will release a large amount of toxic gas and produce molten droplets, and is extremely easy to cause secondary fire, in addition, the molecular structure is sensitive to high temperature and ultraviolet rays, and is easy to be oxidized and degraded under long-term exposure to high temperature or ultraviolet rays, thereby causing molecular chain rupture and crosslinking, and thus the mechanical properties are significantly reduced, which seriously limits the service life of the marine cable. SUMMARY

[0003] To solve the problems mentioned in the background, the purpose of the present application is to provide a fire-resistant light cable for a safe return-to-port system of a ship and a processing method thereof, and the prepared cable has excellent mechanical properties, flame-retardant properties and aging resistance.

[0004] The purpose of the present application can be achieved by the following technical solutions.

[0005] A fire-resistant light cable for a safe return-to-port system of a ship, comprising a core, a fire-resistant layer, an insulation layer, a cabling layer, an inner sheath layer, an armor layer and an outer sheath layer arranged from inside to outside, the inner sheath layer and the outer sheath layer are prepared by extrusion equipment outside the cabling layer and outside the armor layer, and the sheath layer material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40-70 parts of low-density polyethylene, 10-20 parts of nitrile rubber, 10-15 parts of ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, 2-6 parts of functional additives, 5-12 parts of composite fillers, 3.5-6 parts of dicumyl peroxide, 2-5.5 parts of triallyl isocyanurate, 1-3 parts of plasticizer and 0.1-0.5 parts of lubricant.

[0006] The functional additive is prepared by acylation reaction of 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoyl chloride and 2-chloro-4,6-diamino-1,3,5-triazine, then substitution reaction of 1,4-p-dichlorobenzyl and 10-(2,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-10H-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide, and then substitution reaction of the obtained product and the modified hindered phenol component; the composite filler is prepared by using vermiculite as raw material, and titanium dioxide and zinc oxide column to modify the vermiculite.

[0007] Preferably, the plasticizer is one or more combinations of dioctyl adipate, dimethyl phthalate, dioctyl phthalate, and diisodecyl phthalate; and the lubricant is polyethylene wax or oxidized polyethylene wax.

[0008] Preferably, the preparation method of the sheath layer material comprises the following steps: weighing each component by weight parts, uniformly mixing low-density polyethylene, nitrile rubber, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, composite filler, functional additive, dicumyl peroxide, triallyl isocyanurate, plasticizer, and lubricant, and then extruding into a sheath layer material in a double-screw extruder.

[0009] Preferably, the preparation method of the functional additive comprises the following steps:

[0010] A. 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoic acid is taken into a reactor, chloroform is added, the temperature is raised to 45-55℃, then distilled dichlorosulfoxide is added dropwise, stirring is performed for 4-6h, and after the reaction is completed, the solvent is removed by rotary evaporation to prepare 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoyl chloride;

[0011] B. 2-chloro-4,6-diamino-1,3,5-triazine is taken into a reactor, tetrahydrofuran is added, nitrogen is passed through the reactor, triethylamine is added dropwise under ice water bath, the mixture is stirred, then the mixture of 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoyl chloride and tetrahydrofuran is added, the temperature is raised to 45-60℃, and the reaction is performed for 6-8h, after the reaction is completed, the product is obtained by filtration, washing, and drying to prepare a modified hindered phenol component;

[0012] C. 10-(2,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-10H-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide is dispersed in N,N-dimethylformamide, nitrogen is passed through the reactor, the temperature is raised to 75-80℃, then sodium hydroxide is added and stirred for 0.5-1h, then 1,4-p-dichlorobenzyl is added, stirring is performed for 6-8h, then the modified hindered phenol component is added, and stirring is continued for 6-8h, after the reaction is completed, the product is obtained by filtration, washing, and drying to prepare a functional additive.

[0013] Preferably, the molar ratio of 2-chloro-4,6-diamino-1,3,5-triazine and 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoyl chloride in step B is 1:2~2.1; the molar ratio of 10-(2,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-10H-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide, 1,4-p-dichlorobenzene and modified hindered phenol component in step C is 2:1:2~2.1.

[0014] Preferably, the preparation method of the composite filler comprises the following steps:

[0015] (1) take the vermiculite dispersed in ethanol solution, then add the dispersion of tetrabutyl titanate and ethanol, stir for 5~6h, then slowly drop into deionized water, stand at room temperature for 20~24h, then centrifugal separation of the suspension, wash with ethanol and freeze-drying, finally calcined at 480~525℃ for 4~6h to prepare the modified vermiculite;

[0016] (2) take the modified vermiculite and add to zinc acetate solution, stir at room temperature to obtain a homogeneous dispersion, then centrifugal separation of the dispersion, freeze-drying, finally calcined at 480~525℃ for 4~6h to prepare the composite filler.

[0017] Preferably, the mass ratio of vermiculite and tetrabutyl titanate in step (1) is 1:0.1~0.15; the concentration of zinc acetate solution in step (2) is 0.1~0.3mol / L; the addition ratio of modified vermiculite and zinc acetate solution is 1g:5~10mL.

[0018] A processing method of a fire-resistant light cable for a safe return-to-port system of a ship, comprising the following steps:

[0019] S1, through the cable drawing equipment, the 6mm round copper rod is subjected to Z type drawing treatment, and through the annealing equipment, the qualified bare copper wire conductor is obtained, and then through the stranding machine and the compression die, the guide core is obtained by one-time stranding;

[0020] S2, the fire-resistant layer is wrapped outside the guide core, and then the crosslinked polyethylene insulation layer is extruded outside the fire-resistant layer by using the extruding machine;

[0021] S3, the 0.04mm non-net PP filling rope is filled outside the insulation layer to form the cable layer;

[0022] S4, the sheath layer material is extruded outside the cable layer to form the inner sheath layer;

[0023] S5, the tinned copper wire is woven outside the inner sheath layer, and the weaving density is ≥90% to form the armored layer;

[0024] S6, the sheath layer material is extruded outside the armor layer to form an outer sheath layer, and a fire-resistant light cable for a safe return-to-port system of a ship is prepared.

[0025] Preferably, the fire-resistant layer is wrapped by two layers of calcined mica tape in the same direction, and the overlap rate of the mica tape is controlled at 30-40%, and the operation steps are specifically as follows: firstly, a layer of calcined mica tape is overlapped and wrapped outside the core, and then a nano-scale ceramic suspension is impregnated, and after impregnation, the core is dried at 190-205 DEG C, and then a second layer of calcined mica tape is overlapped and wrapped.

[0026] Preferably, the nano-scale ceramic suspension comprises, by mass fraction: 45-55% La2Zr2O7, 15-25% Y2O3, 15-20% mSiO2.nH2O, and the rest is water.

[0027] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows:

[0028] The present application utilizes hindered phenolic antioxidant 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoic acid to perform acyl chloride treatment, and then utilizes the prepared 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoyl chloride to perform acylation reaction with the amino group in 2-chloro-4,6-diamino-1,3,5-triazine to prepare a modified hindered phenolic component, and then utilizes 10-(2,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-10H-9-oxa-10-phospha-phenanthrene-10-oxide, 1,4-p-dichlorobenzene and the modified hindered phenolic component as raw materials, first utilizes the chlorine atoms at both ends of 1,4-p-dichlorobenzene to perform substitution reaction with the hydroxyl group at one end of 10-(2,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-10H-9-oxa-10-phospha-phenanthrene-10-oxide, and then further utilizes the ungrafted chlorine atoms in the modified hindered phenolic component to perform substitution reaction with the remaining hydroxyl groups to prepare a functional additive. The triazine compound 2-chloro-4,6-diamino-1,3,5-triazine is introduced into the functional additive, which can release non-combustible gas through the nitrogen element during combustion, thereby significantly improving the flame retardant performance of the material in cooperation with the flame-retardant phosphorus element in the modified additive. Meanwhile, the triazine ring structure introduced has significant absorption capacity for ultraviolet rays, thereby providing additional light stability protection for the material. In addition, the hindered phenolic antioxidant introduced can provide excellent high-temperature aging resistance for the material. In addition, the present application utilizes vermiculite as raw material, and utilizes titanium dioxide and zinc oxide to pillar modify the vermiculite to prepare a composite filler, wherein the titanium dioxide pillars the interlayer of the vermiculite, which is beneficial to the dispersion and loading of the zinc oxide in the vermiculite, and adding the composite filler to the matrix is beneficial to improving the mechanical properties of the material.

[0029] The application adopts a layer of calcined mica tape overlapping and wrapping outside the core first, and carries out nano-scale ceramic suspension impregnation, and after impregnation, on-line drying is carried out, so that the nano-scale ceramic layer is coated on the surface of the inner layer mica tape, and at the same time, the second layer of mica tape is overlapped and wrapped, which can prevent the nano-scale ceramic coating from falling off, the nano-scale ceramic coating can not only increase the insulation performance of the two layers of mica tape, but also prevent the spray water from penetrating into the inner layer mica tape to cause electric breakdown, the fire-resistant layer formed by the process can not only work normally under the condition of flame burning, but also can continuously work after the fire-fighting water drops on the surface of the cable after the fire-fighting system is started, and the performance requirements in actual fire situation are maximally met.

[0030] The application guarantees that the bending radius of the cable reaches the requirement of 6D, the conductor resistance reaches the requirement of the standard, the fire-resistant layer is wrapped and coated to ensure excellent fire-resistant performance, the cross-linked polyethylene material is used as the insulation layer material to ensure excellent insulation resistance performance of the cable, the 0.04mm non-open net PP filling rope is used for filling in the cabling layer, which is more suitable for narrow installation and laying environment of ships and offshore platforms, the armor layer protects the insulation core of the cable from external damage, and has strong voltage resistance performance and can resist voltage superposition caused by high-order harmonics in the variable frequency system, the inner sheath layer and the outer sheath layer are prepared from sheath layer materials with excellent mechanical properties, flame retardant properties and aging resistance, the cable prepared by the application does not have short circuit or open circuit phenomenon within 180min (cumulative impact vibration 36 times) under the condition of 830℃ flame burning + impact vibration (impact vibration interval is not more than 5min), high performance and high quality of the cable are realized, and the strict requirements of the ship electrical system on the cable are met. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without any creative effort.

[0032] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the fire-resistant light cable of the safety return-to-port system for ships.

[0033] In the figure: 1-core, 2-fire-resistant layer, 3-insulation layer, 4-cabling layer, 5-inner sheath layer, 6-armor layer, 7-outer sheath layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0035] As shown in Figure 1 A fire-resistant light cable for a safe return-to-port system of a ship includes, from inside to outside, a core 1, a fire-resistant layer 2, an insulation layer 3, a cabling layer 4, an inner sheath layer 5, an armor layer 6, and an outer sheath layer 7.

[0036] The preparation method of the functional additive in the embodiment 1 includes the following steps:

[0037] A. 2.5 g of 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoic acid is taken in a reactor, 30 mL of chloroform is added, the temperature is raised to 50°C, then 2 mL of distilled dichlorosulfoxide is added dropwise, stirring is performed for 5 h, after the reaction is completed, the solvent is removed by rotary evaporation, and 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoyl chloride is prepared;

[0038] B. 1.5 g of 2-chloro-4,6-diamino-1,3,5-triazine is taken in a reactor, 50 mL of tetrahydrofuran is added, the reaction is purged with nitrogen, 3 mL of triethylamine is added dropwise under ice water bath conditions, after stirring and mixing, a mixture of 5.5 g of 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoyl chloride and 50 mL of tetrahydrofuran is added, the reaction is performed at 55°C for 8 h, after the reaction is completed, the product is prepared by filtration, washing, and drying;

[0039] C. 3.3 g of 10-(2,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-10H-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide is dispersed in 50 mL of N,N-dimethylformamide, the reaction is purged with nitrogen, and then stirring is performed uniformly at 80°C, 1 g of sodium hydroxide is then added and stirred for 1 h, 0.87 g of 1,4-p-dichlorobenzene is then added, stirring is performed for 8 h, then 6.1 g of the modified hindered phenol component is added, and stirring is continued for 6 h, after the reaction is completed, the product is prepared by filtration, washing, and drying.

[0040] The preparation method of the composite filler in the embodiment 2 includes the following steps:

[0041] (1) 1 g of vermiculite is dispersed in an ethanol solution with a mass fraction of 5%, then a dispersion liquid of 0.12 g of tetrabutyl titanate and 10 mL of ethanol is added, stirring is performed for 6 h, then the dispersion liquid is slowly added dropwise into 100 mL of deionized water, the mixture is left to stand at room temperature for 24 h, then the suspension is centrifuged, washed with ethanol, and freeze-dried, and finally the modified vermiculite is prepared by calcining at 500°C for 5 h at a temperature increasing rate of 10°C / min.

[0042] (2) 1 g of modified vermiculite was added to 8 mL of zinc acetate solution with a concentration of 0.2 mol / L, and a homogeneous dispersion was obtained by stirring the mixture at room temperature. Then, the dispersion was centrifuged, freeze-dried, and finally calcined at 500 ℃ for 5 h with a heating rate of 10 ℃ / min to prepare the composite filler.

[0043] Example 3 A sheath layer material comprises the following components by weight: low-density polyethylene 42 parts, nitrile rubber 10 parts, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer 10 parts, functional additive prepared in Example 1 2 parts, composite filler prepared in Example 2 5.5 parts, dicumyl peroxide 3.5 parts, triallyl isocyanurate 2.5 parts, plasticizer dioctyl adipate 1 part, lubricant polyethylene wax 0.1 part.

[0044] The preparation method of the above sheath layer material comprises the following steps: weighing each component by weight, uniformly mixing the low-density polyethylene, nitrile rubber, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, composite filler, functional additive, dicumyl peroxide, triallyl isocyanurate, plasticizer, and lubricant, and then extruding into a sheath layer material in a double-screw extruder.

[0045] A processing method of a fire-resistant light cable for a safe return-to-port system of a ship comprises the following steps:

[0046] S1, a 6 mm round copper rod is subjected to Z-type wire drawing through a cable drawing equipment, and a qualified bare copper wire conductor is obtained after passing through an annealing equipment, and then a lead core is obtained by one-time twisting through a stranding machine and a compacting die;

[0047] S2, a layer of calcined mica tape is overlapped and wrapped around the outside of the lead core, and a nanoscale ceramic suspension is impregnated, and then the impregnated layer is dried at 200 ℃, and then a second layer of calcined mica tape is overlapped and wrapped around, wherein the nanoscale ceramic suspension comprises, by mass fraction: 50% La2Zr2O7, 20% Y2O3, 17% mSiO2·nH2O, and the rest is water, and then a cross-linked polyethylene insulation layer is extruded and wrapped around the outside of the fire-resistant layer using an extruder;

[0048] S3, a 0.04 mm non-net PP filling rope is used to fill the outside of the insulation layer to form a cabling layer;

[0049] S4, an inner sheath layer is formed by extruding and wrapping a sheath layer material around the outside of the cabling layer;

[0050] S5, a tinned copper wire is woven on the outside of the inner sheath layer to form an armor layer with a weaving density of 90%;

[0051] S6, an outer sheath layer is formed by extruding and wrapping a sheath layer material around the outside of the armor layer to prepare a fire-resistant light cable for a safe return-to-port system of a ship.

[0052] Example 4 A jacketing material comprises the following components by weight: low density polyethylene 55 parts, nitrile rubber 14 parts, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer 12 parts, the functional additive prepared in Example 1 3.5 parts, the composite filler prepared in Example 2 9 parts, dicumyl peroxide 4.5 parts, triallyl isocyanurate 3.5 parts, plasticizer dimethyl phthalate 2 parts, lubricant oxidized polyethylene wax 0.2 parts.

[0053] The jacketing material is prepared according to the method of Example 3.

[0054] A processing method of a fire-resistant light cable for a safe return-to-port system of a ship is the same as that of Example 3.

[0055] Example 5 A jacketing material comprises the following components by weight: low density polyethylene 67 parts, nitrile rubber 18 parts, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer 14 parts, the functional additive prepared in Example 1 5 parts, the composite filler prepared in Example 2 11 parts, dicumyl peroxide 5 parts, triallyl isocyanurate 5 parts, plasticizer dioctyl phthalate 2.5 parts, lubricant oxidized polyethylene wax 0.4 parts.

[0056] The jacketing material is prepared according to the method of Example 3.

[0057] A processing method of a fire-resistant light cable for a safe return-to-port system of a ship is the same as that of Example 3.

[0058] Comparative Example 1 A method for preparing a functional additive comprises the following steps:

[0059] C. 3.3 g of 10-(2,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-10H-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide is dispersed in 50 mL of N,N-dimethylformamide, the reaction is carried out under nitrogen, and is stirred uniformly at 80°C, then 1 g of sodium hydroxide is added and stirred for 1 h, and then 0.87 g of 1,4-p-dichlorobenzyl is added and stirred for 8 h. After the reaction is completed, the functional additive is prepared by filtration, washing, and drying.

[0060] Comparative Example 2 A method for preparing a composite filler comprises the following steps:

[0061] 1 g of vermiculite is added to 8 mL of a zinc acetate solution with a concentration of 0.2 mol / L, and a homogeneous dispersion is obtained by stirring at room temperature. Then the dispersion is centrifuged, freeze-dried, and finally calcined at 500°C for 5 h at a heating rate of 10°C / min to prepare the composite filler.

[0062] Comparative Example 3 A jacketing material comprising the following parts by weight: low density polyethylene 67 parts, nitrile rubber 18 parts, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer 14 parts, functional additive prepared in Comparative Example 1 5 parts, composite filler prepared in Example 2 11 parts, dicumyl peroxide 5 parts, triallyl isocyanurate 5 parts, plasticizer dioctyl phthalate 2.5 parts, lubricant oxidized polyethylene wax 0.4 parts.

[0063] The jacketing material described above is prepared in the same manner as in Example 3.

[0064] A processing method for a fire resistant light weight cable for a safety return-to-port system for a ship is the same as in Example 3.

[0065] Comparative Example 4 A jacketing material comprising the following parts by weight: low density polyethylene 67 parts, nitrile rubber 18 parts, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer 14 parts, composite filler prepared in Example 2 11 parts, dicumyl peroxide 5 parts, triallyl isocyanurate 5 parts, plasticizer dioctyl phthalate 2.5 parts, lubricant oxidized polyethylene wax 0.4 parts.

[0066] The jacketing material described above is prepared in the same manner as in Example 3.

[0067] A processing method for a fire resistant light weight cable for a safety return-to-port system for a ship is the same as in Example 3.

[0068] Comparative Example 5 A jacketing material comprising the following parts by weight: low density polyethylene 67 parts, nitrile rubber 18 parts, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer 14 parts, functional additive prepared in Example 1 5 parts, composite filler prepared in Comparative Example 2 11 parts, dicumyl peroxide 5 parts, triallyl isocyanurate 5 parts, plasticizer dioctyl phthalate 2.5 parts, lubricant oxidized polyethylene wax 0.4 parts.

[0069] The jacketing material described above is prepared in the same manner as in Example 3.

[0070] A processing method for a fire resistant light weight cable for a safety return-to-port system for a ship is the same as in Example 3.

[0071] Comparative Example 6 A jacketing material comprising the following parts by weight: low density polyethylene 67 parts, nitrile rubber 18 parts, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer 14 parts, functional additive prepared in Example 1 5 parts, composite filler 11 parts, dicumyl peroxide 5 parts, triallyl isocyanurate 5 parts, plasticizer dioctyl phthalate 2.5 parts, lubricant oxidized polyethylene wax 0.4 parts, wherein the composite filler is a simple mixture of vermiculite, titanium dioxide and zinc oxide in a mass ratio of 1:0.12:0.29.

[0072] The jacketing material described above is prepared in the same manner as in Example 3.

[0073] A method for processing a fire-resistant light cable for a safe return-to-port system of a ship is provided according to Embodiment 3.

[0074] Performance detection

[0075] A, the cable prepared in Embodiment 3-5 is subjected to flame burning at 830℃ + impact vibration (impact vibration interval is not more than 5 min) according to IEC60331-2, EN50200 standard, and no short circuit or open circuit phenomenon occurs within 180 min (cumulative impact vibration is 36 times).

[0076] B, the sheath layer material prepared in Embodiments 3-5 and Comparative Examples 3-6 is subjected to performance detection:

[0077] (1) Flame-retardant performance detection: the sheath layer material is prepared into a test sample with a specification of 100 mm x 7 mm x 4 mm, the limiting oxygen index of the test sample is tested according to GB / T 2406.2-2009, and the flame-retardant performance of the sample is evaluated. Generally, the larger the limiting oxygen index, the better the flame-retardant performance, and vice versa. The data results are shown in Table 1.

[0078] Table 1: Flame-retardant performance detection results of samples

[0079]

[0080] As can be seen from the data in Table 1, the sheath layer materials prepared in Embodiments 3-5 and Comparative Examples 5-6 have excellent flame-retardant performance. The functional additives added in Comparative Example 3 do not introduce modified hindered phenol components, and the measured limiting oxygen index is lower than that of Embodiments 3-5. The reason is that the nitrogen element in the modified hindered phenol component can further improve the flame-retardant performance of the material. In Comparative Example 4, no functional additives are added, and the measured limiting oxygen index is significantly lower than that of Embodiments 3-5, indicating that the addition of the modified additives greatly improves the flame-retardant performance of the material.

[0081] (2) Mechanical performance detection: the sheath layer material is subjected to tensile property test by a tensile testing machine according to GB / T 1040.2-2022; and after aging at 110℃ for 24 h, the tensile strength and elongation at break are tested to evaluate the high-temperature aging resistance of the sample; and after cumulative irradiation at 60℃ for 72 h (turning over after 36 h to ensure uniform irradiation) under a 40W ultraviolet lamp (wavelength 290-400 nm), the sample is tested for tensile strength and elongation at break at a distance of 254 mm from the lamp tube to evaluate the ultraviolet aging resistance of the sample; tear strength test is performed according to GB / T 529-2008, and the data results are shown in Table 2.

[0082] Table 2: Mechanical performance and aging resistance detection results of samples

[0083]

[0084] As can be seen from the data in Table 2, the sheath layer materials prepared in Examples 3-5 have high tensile strength and are not easy to break, and still have high tensile strength and elongation at break after high-temperature aging and ultraviolet aging, and have excellent aging resistance. The functional additives added in Comparative Example 3 do not introduce a modified hindered phenol component, and no functional additives are added in Comparative Example 4. The measured tensile strength and elongation at break of Comparative Examples 3-4 after high-temperature aging and ultraviolet aging are significantly lower than those of Examples 3-5, because the hindered phenol component and triazine ring structure introduced in the functional additives improve the high-temperature aging resistance and ultraviolet aging resistance of the material. The composite filler added in Comparative Example 5 does not use the interlayer of titanium dioxide pillared vermiculite, and the composite filler added in Comparative Example 6 is simply mixed by vermiculite, titanium dioxide and zinc oxide. The measured mechanical properties of Comparative Examples 5-6 are lower than those of Examples 3-5, which may be due to the agglomeration of nanoparticles, and the measured tensile strength and elongation at break of Comparative Example 5 after ultraviolet aging are significantly lower than those of Examples 3-5, indicating that the introduction of titanium dioxide improves the ultraviolet aging resistance of the material to some extent.

[0085] In the description of the present specification, the description referring to the terms "one embodiment", "an example", "a specific example" and the like means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the present specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0086] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present application. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited by the above examples, and the above examples and descriptions in the specification are only to illustrate the principles of the present application. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, various changes and improvements can be made to the present application, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the claimed present application.

Claims

1. A fire-resistant lightweight cable for a ship's safe return-to-port system, characterized in that, The cable comprises, from the inside out, a conductor core, a fire-resistant layer, an insulating layer, a cabling layer, an inner sheath layer, an armor layer, and an outer sheath layer. The inner and outer sheath layers are prepared by extruding sheath layer material outside the cabling layer and the armor layer, respectively, using an extrusion device. The sheath layer material comprises the following components by weight: 40-70 parts low-density polyethylene, 10-20 parts nitrile rubber, 10-15 parts ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, 2-6 parts functional additives, 5-12 parts composite filler, 3.5-6 parts dicumyl peroxide, 2-5.5 parts triallyl isocyanurate, 1-3 parts plasticizer, and 0.1-0.5 parts lubricant. The functional additive is prepared by acylation of 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoyl chloride with 2-chloro-4,6-diamino-1,3,5-triazine to obtain a modified hindered phenolic component, followed by substitution reaction of 1,4-dichlorobenzyl with 10-(2,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-10H-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide, and then further substitution reaction of the obtained product with the modified hindered phenolic component; the composite filler is prepared by using vermiculite as raw material and modifying vermiculite with titanium dioxide and zinc oxide pillars.

2. The fire-resistant lightweight cable for a ship's safe return-to-port system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plasticizer is one or more of dioctyl adipate, dimethyl phthalate, dioctyl phthalate, and diisodecyl phthalate; the lubricant is polyethylene wax or oxidized polyethylene wax.

3. The fire-resistant lightweight cable for a ship's safe return-to-port system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method of the sheath layer material includes the following steps: weigh each component according to the weight parts, mix low-density polyethylene, nitrile rubber, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, composite filler, functional additive, dicumyl peroxide, triallyl isocyanurate, plasticizer and lubricant evenly, and then put them into a twin-screw extruder for extrusion molding to prepare the sheath layer material.

4. The fire-resistant lightweight cable for a ship's safe return-to-port system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method of the functional additive includes the following steps: A. Take 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoic acid in a reactor, add chloroform, heat to 45~55℃, then add distilled thionyl chloride dropwise, stir the reaction for 4~6h, and after the reaction is completed, remove the solvent by rotary evaporation to prepare 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoyl chloride; B. Take 2-chloro-4,6-diamino-1,3,5-triazine in a reactor, add tetrahydrofuran, purge the reaction with nitrogen, add triethylamine dropwise under ice-water bath conditions, stir and mix, then add a mixture of 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoyl chloride and tetrahydrofuran, and react at 45~60℃ for 6~8h. After the reaction is completed, filter, wash and dry to prepare the modified hindered phenol component. C. Disperse 10-(2,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-10H-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide in N,N-dimethylformamide. Purge the reaction with nitrogen gas and stir at 75-80°C until homogeneous. Then add sodium hydroxide and stir for 0.5-1 h. Next, add 1,4-dichlorobenzyl and stir for 6-8 h. Then add the modified hindered phenol component and continue stirring for 6-8 h. After the reaction is complete, filter, wash and dry to prepare the functional additive.

5. The fire-resistant lightweight cable for a ship's safe return-to-port system according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step B, the molar ratio of 2-chloro-4,6-diamino-1,3,5-triazine and 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoyl chloride is 1:2~2.1; in step C, the molar ratio of 10-(2,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-10H-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide, 1,4-dichlorobenzyl and the modified hindered phenolic component is 2:1:2~2.

1.

6. The fire-resistant lightweight cable for a ship's safe return-to-port system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for preparing the composite filler includes the following steps: (1) Disperse vermiculite in an ethanol solution, then add a dispersion of tetrabutyl titanate and ethanol, stir and react for 5-6 hours, then slowly add it dropwise to deionized water, let it stand at room temperature for 20-24 hours, then centrifuge the suspension, wash it with ethanol and freeze dry it, and finally calcine it at 480-525℃ for 4-6 hours to prepare modified vermiculite; (2) Add modified vermiculite to zinc acetate solution, stir and mix at room temperature to obtain a homogeneous dispersion, then centrifuge the dispersion, freeze dry it, and finally calcine it at 480~525℃ for 4~6h to prepare the composite filler.

7. The fire-resistant lightweight cable for a ship's safe return-to-port system according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step (1), the mass ratio of vermiculite to tetrabutyl titanate is 1:0.1~0.15; in step (2), the concentration of zinc acetate solution is 0.1~0.3mol / L; and the addition ratio of modified vermiculite to zinc acetate solution is 1g:5~10mL.

8. A method for processing a fire-resistant lightweight cable for a ship's safe return-to-port system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Using cable drawing equipment, 6mm round copper rods are Z-shaped drawn, and after annealing equipment, qualified bare copper wire conductors are obtained. Then, the conductor core is obtained by stranding the wires in one go using a stranding machine and a compaction die. S2. Wrap a fire-resistant layer around the outside of the conductor core, and then use an extruder to extrude a cross-linked polyethylene insulation layer around the outside of the fire-resistant layer; S3. Fill the outside of the insulation layer with 0.04mm non-opening PP filler rope to form a cable layer; S4. Extruding sheath material onto the outside of the cabling layer to form an inner sheath layer; S5. Tin-plated copper wire is used to braid the outer side of the inner sheath layer, with a braiding density of ≥90%, to form an armor layer. S6. An outer sheath layer is formed by extruding sheath material on the outside of the armor layer to prepare a fire-resistant lightweight cable for a safe return-to-port system for ships.

9. The processing method of the fire-resistant lightweight cable for a ship's safe return-to-port system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The refractory layer is made of double-layer calcined mica tape wrapped in the same direction, with the overlap rate of the mica tape controlled at 30~40%. The specific operation steps are as follows: firstly, a layer of calcined mica tape is wrapped around the outside of the conductor core and then impregnated with a nano-level ceramic suspension. After impregnation, it is dried at 190~205℃, and then a second layer of calcined mica tape is wrapped around it.

10. The processing method of the fire-resistant lightweight cable for a ship's safe return-to-port system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The nano-scale ceramicized suspension comprises, by mass fraction: 45-55% La2Zr2O7, 15-25% Y2O3, 15-20% mSiO2·nH2O, with the remainder being water.

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