Saddle ram mechanism of numerical control machining center

Abstract

The invention relates to the related technical field of numerical control machine tools, discloses a saddle ram mechanism of a numerical control machining center, and aims to solve the problem that the use amount of lubricating oil is difficult to control in practical application of a current lubricating mode. An oil suction port is formed in the middle of the main flow groove, an oil discharge port is formed in each side flow groove, and the oil suction ports are continuously sucked through an oil suction pump, so that lubricating oil at the oil discharge ports can flow along the specific side flow grooves and the main flow groove, and it is guaranteed that when the sliding saddle and the ram are in sliding friction through the guide plate, the guide plate is lubricated through continuously flowing oil liquid; due to continuous suction at the oil suction port, leakage of lubricating oil in the main flow groove and the side flow groove is avoided, and finally the oil circulating flow type lubricating effect is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field related to numerically controlled machine tools, and in particular to a saddle and ram mechanism of a numerically controlled machining center. Background Art

[0002] In heavy-duty machining equipment such as large gantry CNC machining centers, vertical turning centers, and CNC floor-type boring and milling machines, the ram typically moves on the saddle using sliding friction, forming a sliding friction pair. This design architecture enables the machine tools to perform complex machining tasks while ensuring high machining accuracy and excellent stability.

[0003] After searching, announcement number CN218592305U discloses a saddle structure for CNC machine tools, including the coordinated use of an oil pump and a connecting pipe as well as an output pipe and a spray hole, so that when the saddle structure for CNC machine tools needs to lubricate the saddle mechanism and the guide rail structure, the input port of the oil pump can be connected to the lubricating oil input pipe, and the lubricating oil is transmitted through the connecting pipe. The transported lubricating oil passes through the filter box and enters the output pipe, and then is sprayed out through the spray holes opened on the outside of the output pipe and the lubrication holes opened in the guide rail structure corresponding to the spray holes, thereby realizing efficient lubrication and oiling of various parts of the saddle mechanism and the guide rail structure.

[0004] While this external oil injection lubrication method has improved lubrication efficiency to a certain extent, it still presents some significant challenges in practical application. Excessive oil injection can easily lead to oil leakage, which can cause problems. Conversely, insufficient oil can fail to provide adequate lubrication, impacting the normal operation of the equipment. Therefore, current external oil injection lubrication methods still have shortcomings in terms of oil quantity control. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention discloses a saddle and ram mechanism of a CNC machining center, which adopts an oil circulation flow lubrication system, aiming to solve the problem that the lubrication method described in the above background technology is difficult to control the actual amount of lubricating oil used in practical applications.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a saddle and ram mechanism of a CNC machining center, comprising: a ram, inside which a saddle is slidably installed using a guide plate; an oil groove extending from the middle to the outside is provided on the surface of the guide plate, an oil suction port for suction is provided in the middle of the oil groove, and an oil drain port is provided in the oil groove near the outside of the guide plate; the oil groove is sucked by the oil suction port, so that the oil released from the oil drain port can continuously flow to the oil suction port.

[0007] Furthermore, the oil groove includes a main groove and a side groove. The direction of the main groove is consistent with the movement direction of the slide. The side grooves are symmetrically arranged with the main groove as the center line, and the angle between the side grooves is 90°-175°.

[0008] Furthermore, a lubrication box for storing lubricating oil is installed on the side of the saddle, and an oil suction pump driven by a motor is installed inside the lubrication box. The oil suction pump is connected to the oil suction port via an oil suction pipe, and the inner cavity of the lubrication box is connected to the oil drain port via an oil outlet pipe.

[0009] Furthermore, an oil plug sleeve which is pushed by a spring is movably installed on the surface of the guide plate. The end of the oil plug sleeve blocks the oil drain port so that lubricating oil will not leak from the oil drain port when the equipment is shut down.

[0010] Furthermore, a mud shoveling strip is fixedly installed on the outer side of the ram.

[0011] Furthermore, a guide slider is movably installed in the middle of the mud shoveling bar, and telescopic rods are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the guide slider, mud scraping rods are installed at the ends of the telescopic rods, and springs are arranged between the telescopic rods.

[0012] Furthermore, springs are fixedly installed on the upper and lower ends of the guide slider, and stop switches are fixedly installed on the inner side of the mud shoveling bar at the upper and lower ends of the guide slider. When the guide slider contacts the stop switch, the stop switch can use the wire to send an electrical signal to the control system to achieve shutdown and alarm.

[0013] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] The present invention provides a saddle-ram mechanism for a CNC machining center. Its design incorporates lubricant oil routing on a guide plate, specifically including the arrangement of a main flow channel and side flow channels. The main flow channel, located in the center of the guide plate, directs the primary flow of lubricant oil and features an oil suction port in its center. Furthermore, each side flow channel is equipped with an oil drain port to ensure even distribution and efficient utilization of the lubricant oil.

[0015] During operation, the suction pump continuously draws oil from the suction port in the main flow channel. This action not only drives the lubricant through the designated side flow channels and main flow channel, but also ensures that the saddle and ram receive continuous and sufficient lubrication as they slide against the guide plate. This design significantly improves lubrication efficiency and ensures high precision and stability in machine operation.

[0016] More importantly, the continuous suction at the oil inlet effectively controls the lubricating oil in the main and side channels, preventing oil leakage. This design not only solves the problem of precise control of lubricating oil usage in traditional external spray lubrication methods, but also enables circulating lubrication of the oil, further improving lubrication efficiency and economical use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the present disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure.

[0018] The present invention can be more clearly understood from the following detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall external three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal three-dimensional structure of the lubrication box of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the position and structure of the shoveling strip in the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of point A in the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the position and three-dimensional structure of each component on the guide slider of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the placement of the guide plate in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional shape of the guide plate in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the oil drain port on the guide plate of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 9 for Figure 8 The enlarged structural diagram at B in the middle;

[0028] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the cooperation between the guide slider and the guide plate of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 11 for Figure 10 The enlarged structural diagram at C in the middle;

[0030] Figure 12 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the oil plug sleeve of the present invention.

[0031] In the figure: 1. Saddle; 2. Ram; 3. Lubrication box; 300. Oil outlet pipe; 4. Oil suction pump; 400. Oil suction pipe; 5. Motor; 6. Mud shoveling bar; 7. Guide slider; 8. Stop switch; 9. Telescopic rod; 10. Mud scraping rod; 11. Guide plate; 110. Oil suction port; 111. Oil drain port; 112. Side flow trough; 113. Main flow trough; 12. Oil plug sleeve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] For example 1, please refer to Figure 1 It can be seen that the ram 2 is inserted into the saddle 1. In actual application, the servo motor is used to drive the ram 2 up and down. Figure 6 and Figure 7 It can be seen that in order to avoid direct contact between the saddle 1 and the ram 2, a guide plate 11 is provided on the saddle 1 and fastened with bolts. The relative sliding between the guide plate 11 and the ram 2 ensures that the ram 2 can stably reciprocate up and down.

[0034] Compared with the traditional oil spray lubrication, this application proposes a new oil circuit lubrication system, referring to Figure 7 It can be seen that the surface of the guide plate 11 is provided with a main flow groove 113 that is consistent with the movement path of the ram 2. At the same time, the surface of the guide plate 11 is provided with side flow grooves 112 located on both sides of the main flow groove 113. The side flow grooves 112 and the main flow groove 113 are interconnected to ensure that the lubricating oil can enter the main flow groove 113 through the side flow grooves 112. Figure 7 As can be seen, an oil suction port 110 is provided in the middle of the guide plate 11 and also in the middle of the main groove 113. An oil drain port 111 is provided at the end of each side groove 112 relatively far from the main groove 113. The oil drain port 111 allows lubricating oil to be transported to the side groove 112. In actual application, since the outer side of the ram 2 is attached to the guide plate 11, the external airflow can only flow in one direction through the side groove 112 and the main groove 113 to the oil suction port 110. During this process, since the lubricating oil is transported outward from the oil drain port 111, the lubricating oil will follow the airflow path and be transported to the oil suction port 110, ensuring that there is flowing lubricating oil on the guide plate 11 for lubrication when the saddle 1 and ram 2 are working. Compared with the current oil spray lubrication, the circulating lubrication system proposed in this application not only ensures sufficient lubricating oil for lubrication, but also avoids the problem of lubricating oil leakage by continuously sucking at the oil suction port 110. Furthermore, by utilizing the lubrication method described in the first embodiment, when the lubricating oil is lubricating the sliding parts, when no sealing baffle / strip is used to seal the oil, the lubricating oil flowing onto the sliding surface is sucked by the pump and will not leak to the outside.

[0035] In order to achieve sustainable use of lubricants, combined Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 7 It can be seen that the side of the saddle 1 has a lubrication box 3 fastened with bolts, a motor 5 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the lubrication box 3, and an oil suction pump 4 is installed in the inner cavity. The motor 5 is used to drive the oil suction pump 4 to work, and the oil suction pipe 400 on the oil suction pump 4 is connected to the oil suction port 110 to ensure that the oil suction port 110 has continuous suction strength. The lubricating oil sucked by the oil suction pump 4 enters the inner cavity of the lubrication box 3, and the lubricating oil is filtered and removed by a filter. The filtered lubricating oil is connected to the oil drain port 111 through the oil outlet pipe 300. Combined with the above, it is ensured that the lubricating oil can circulate. In more detail, from the Figure 2 As can be seen in the figure, a pressure relief port is provided on the surface of the lubrication box 3. When the oil suction pump 4 continuously sucks, the lubricating oil will remain in the inner cavity of the lubrication box 3, and the excess air will be discharged from the pressure relief port. In addition, the pressure relief port can also be used to inject lubricating oil.

[0036] On this basis, reference Figure 8 、 Figure 9 and Figure 12 It can be seen that the surface of the guide plate 11 is movably mounted with an oil plug sleeve 12 that is pushed by a spring. In detail, the oil plug sleeve 12 is inserted into the guide plate 11. A truncated cone is provided on the surface of the guide plate 11 and located in the middle of the oil plug sleeve 12. A nut is threadedly connected to the end of the truncated cone. A spring is provided between the nut and the oil plug sleeve 12. When the spring pushes the oil plug sleeve 12 to the oil drain port 111, the end of the oil plug sleeve 12 blocks the oil drain port 111, thereby preventing lubricating oil from leaking from the oil drain port 111 when the equipment is shut down. When the oil suction pump 4 sucks the oil suction port 110 through the oil suction pipe 400, the air pressure in the inner cavity of the side flow groove 112 and the main flow groove 113 will be relatively reduced. In this process, the oil plug sleeve 12 overcomes the spring force and connects the oil drain port 111 with the side flow groove 112, thereby completing passive oil filling. In this way, the problem of oil leakage when the equipment is shut down can be effectively avoided.

[0037] The second embodiment is a further improvement on the first embodiment. When the oil in the first embodiment is circulated, the repeatedly used lubricating oil may be mixed with metal debris, dust or water. These impurities combine with the oxidation products of the oil to form sticky sediments, which gradually solidify into sludge. This sludge will accumulate in the side flow groove 112 / main flow groove 113, eventually leading to poor lubrication oil delivery and even lubrication failure. In order to prevent such problems, the ... Figure 3 、 Figure 10 and Figure 11It can be seen that a shoveling bar 6 is fixedly mounted on the outside of the ram 2 and aligned with the main flow channel 113. When the shoveling bar 6 moves up and down with the ram 2, it can clean the main flow channel 113 as it passes through the main flow channel 113, so that the sludge accumulated on the main flow channel 113 can be shoveled out. It can be seen that when the shoveling bar 6 passes through the main flow channel 113, it uses the shoveling bar 6 itself to shovel the sludge in the main flow channel 113, so that after cleaning, at least a liquid flow channel with the same width as the shoveling bar 6 will remain in the main flow channel 113. Ultimately, even if there is some sludge in the main flow channel 113 that has been cleaned, the liquid flow channel after cleaning can still meet the lubrication requirements.

[0038] In order to clean the sludge in the side trough 112, Figure 3-Figure 5 It can be seen that a guide slider 7 is movably installed in the middle of the mud scraping bar 6, and a telescopic rod 9 is symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the guide slider 7. The end of the telescopic rod 9 has a mud scraping rod 10 fixedly installed through a connecting frame. A spring is provided between the two telescopic rods 9. Under the elastic force of the spring, the two telescopic rods 9 drive the mud scraping rods 10 to move relatively away. Figure 7 、 Figure 10 and Figure 11 It can be seen that the upper and lower ends of the guide plate 11 are both angular, and the angle between the side flow grooves 112 is between 90° and 175°. The side flow grooves 112 are symmetrically arranged with the main flow groove 113 as the center line. Figure 11 It can be seen that when the shoveling bar 6 moves upward, its position will not change because the guide plate 11 is fixed on the saddle 1. When the upward shoveling bar 6 drives the guide slider 7 to approach the angle at the bottom of the guide plate 11, the two scraping rods 10 are forced to be relatively close due to the restriction of the bottom angle, and the spring in the telescopic rod 9 is compressed and stored. As the ram 2 drives the guide slider 7 to continue to move upward, the scraping rod 10 will first pass through the side flow groove 112 below. Since the side flow groove 112 below opens downward, when the scraping rod 10 passes through the side flow groove 112 below, it will not move toward the side flow groove 112 due to the spring elastic force. As the shoveling bar 6 moves further upward, when it moves to When the upper side flow trough 112 is opened, the scraper rod 10 will move along the upper side flow trough 112 due to the upward opening of the upper side flow trough 112, and the scraper rod 10 will be used to shovel out the sludge in the upper side flow trough 112, and finally the cleaning of the sludge in the main trough 113 and the side flow trough 112 is completed; similarly, when the slide 2 drives the shoveling bar 6 downward, the scraper rod 10 in the downward process will shovel the sludge in the lower side flow trough 112, and finally all the side flow troughs 112 can be cleaned of sludge.

[0039] As a safety and anti-leakage detection, if the guide plate 11 fails to be properly sealed, this may cause the lubricating oil in the oil drain port 111 to continue to leak outward, thereby Figure 3-Figure 5It can be seen that the guide slider 7 can move up and down along the shoveling strip 6 in a directional manner by using the dovetail groove, and springs are fixedly installed at the upper and lower ends of the guide slider 7. Under the push of the spring elastic force, the guide slider 7 is placed in the center. The stop switch 8 is fixedly installed at the upper and lower ends of the guide slider 7 on the inside of the shoveling strip 6. When the guide slider 7 contacts the stop switch 8, the stop switch 8 can send an electrical signal to the control system through the wire to realize the shutdown and alarm. The advantage of this design is that Figure 9 It can be seen that when the oil plug sleeve 12 is normally sealed, the end of the oil plug sleeve 12, the end of the nut and the surface of the side flow groove 112 are aligned. At this time, since the inner diameter of the middle part of the oil plug sleeve 12 is larger than the inner diameter of the end part, the inner side of the end of the oil plug sleeve 12 will be in a nested relationship with the outer side of the nut. Afterwards, when the scraper rod 10 scrapes the oil sludge along the side flow groove 112, since the end of the oil plug sleeve 12 and the end of the nut are aligned with the surface of the side flow groove 112, there will be no accumulation of oil sludge at this part, and the oil sludge near the end of the oil plug sleeve 12 and the nut will be scraped outwards synchronously by the push of the scraper rod 10; similarly, when the oil plug sleeve 12 is not normally sealed, the scraper rod 10 moves along the side flow groove 112 At this time, the shovel bar 6 has already blocked the oil suction port 110, and the air pressure in the side flow groove 112 is the same as the external air pressure. The oil plug sleeve 12 fails to properly block the oil drain port 111 under the spring, and the oil plug sleeve 12 will protrude relatively from the side flow groove 112. The obstruction of the oil plug sleeve 12 will increase the movement resistance of the scraper rod 10. As the shovel bar 6 continues to drive the guide slider 7 to move, the guide slider 7 will eventually compress the spring and approach the stop switch 8. The squeezing of the stop switch 8 by the guide slider 7 ensures that when the oil plug sleeve 12 fails to properly block the oil drain port 111, the equipment will sound an alarm and shut down, requiring maintenance to ensure that the lubricating oil will not leak out. At the same time, when the scraper rod 10 is abnormally stretched and contracted, it will also increase the movement resistance of the guide slider 7. In this process, the detection of the stop switch 8 ensures the safety of the entire machine during operation.

[0040] At the same time, from Figure 6 and Figure 7 It can be clearly seen that there are multiple guide plates 11. Using the above-mentioned detection method, it is only necessary to arrange a guide slider 7 on the side of the slide 2 to realize the working status detection and sludge removal of the guide plate 11 in the same vertical direction.

[0041] From the above, it can be seen that although the current shoveling strip 6 and scraper rod 10 can remove oily mud from the liquid flow channel in the guide plate 11, there may still be the problem of oily mud sticking to the shoveling strip 6 and scraper rod 10. Therefore, in actual use, in order to prevent oily mud from accumulating on the shoveling strip 6 and scraper rod 10, after a period of use, the ram 2 can be directly used to continuously move downward so that the shoveling strip 6 and scraper rod 10 are separated from the bottom of the saddle 1 and relatively away from the saddle 1. After that, the operator can clean the shoveling strip 6 and scraper rod 10 that are exposed to the outside.

Claims

1. A saddle and ram mechanism for a CNC machining center, characterized in that: include: A saddle (1) is slidably mounted on the ram (2) via a guide plate (11); An oil groove extending outward from the middle is provided on the surface of the guide plate (11), an oil suction port (110) for suction is provided in the middle of the oil groove, and an oil discharge port (111) is provided in the oil groove near the outer side of the guide plate (11); The oil suction port (110) is used to suck the oil tank, so that the oil released from the oil discharge port (111) can flow continuously toward the oil suction port (110).

2. The saddle and ram mechanism of a CNC machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil groove comprises a main flow groove (113) and a side flow groove (112). The direction of the main flow groove (113) is consistent with the movement direction of the ram (2). The side flow grooves (112) are symmetrically arranged with the main flow groove (113) as the center line, and the angle between the side flow grooves (112) is between 90° and 175°.

3. The saddle and ram mechanism of a CNC machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: A lubrication box (3) for storing lubricating oil is installed on the side of the saddle (1). An oil suction pump (4) driven by a motor (5) is installed inside the lubrication box (3). The oil suction pump (4) is connected to the oil suction port (110) via an oil suction pipe (400), and the inner cavity of the lubrication box (3) is connected to the oil discharge port (111) via an oil outlet pipe (300).

4. The saddle and ram mechanism of a CNC machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: An oil plug sleeve (12) driven by a spring is movably mounted on the surface of the guide plate (11). The end of the oil plug sleeve (12) blocks the oil drain port (111) so that the oil drain port (111) does not leak lubricating oil when the equipment is shut down.

5. The saddle and ram mechanism of a CNC machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: A mud shoveling strip (6) is fixedly installed on the outside of the ram (2).

6. The saddle and ram mechanism of a CNC machining center according to claim 5, characterized in that: A guide slide block (7) is movably installed in the middle of the mud shoveling bar (6), and telescopic rods (9) are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the guide slide block (7). Mud scraping rods (10) are installed at the ends of the telescopic rods (9), and springs are arranged between the telescopic rods (9).

7. The saddle and ram mechanism of a CNC machining center according to claim 6, characterized in that: Springs are fixedly installed at the upper and lower ends of the guide slider (7), and a stop switch (8) is fixedly installed on the inner side of the mud shoveling bar (6) and is located at the upper and lower ends of the guide slider (7). When the guide slider (7) contacts the stop switch (8), the stop switch (8) can send an electrical signal to the control system through a wire to realize shutdown and alarm.

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