Straw decomposition agent

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of crop straw treatment, and particularly relates to a straw decomposition agent which comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 300-400 parts of corn starch, 10-30 parts of a first bacterial group, 800-1200 parts of a second bacterial group, 50-150 parts of a nutritional agent and 1-10 parts of cellulase, the first bacterium group comprises a first strain group and a first strain group carrier, and the first strain group carrier is a mixture composed of diatomite, activated carbon and wheat bran according to the mass ratio of 1: 1: 1; and the second bacterial group comprises a second strain group, a second strain group carrier solution, a cross-linking agent, an initiator and an accelerant, so that the strain effectively maintains the degradation capability of lignin, cellulose, hemicellulose and other substances which are difficult to decompose, thereby ensuring the decomposition effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of crop straw processing, and particularly relates to a straw composting agent. Background Art

[0002] Straw waste (sterile rice, cotton, fruit tree and other crop residues) is composed of lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose. The straw produced is large in quantity, large in volume, light in weight, degrades slowly during composting, and is difficult to transport and handle, making composting time-consuming, fermentation conditions poor, and composting efficiency low. The microorganisms in traditional natural composting come from the natural environment, have low decomposition ability, and degrade slowly, resulting in low composting efficiency.

[0003] The process of straw decomposition depends on the abundance and activity of microorganisms. The current mainstream straw composting agent combination is a combination of microbial fermentation strains and organic matter base materials. For example, patent CN105331563A discloses a composting agent composed of Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma harzianum and solid culture medium. By applying a microbial agent made from two different bacteria, the decomposition of cellulose and hemicellulose in straw can be accelerated, thereby achieving the purpose of rapid decomposition of straw. However, there are still problems such as slow decomposition and incomplete decomposition of resistant lignin, cellulose, hemicellulose, etc. Therefore, technical personnel in this field are committed to developing a straw composting agent to solve the problems of slow straw decomposition and incomplete decomposition of resistant components. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a straw composting agent, characterized in that it comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 300-400 parts of corn starch, 10-30 parts of the first bacterial group, 800-1200 parts of the second bacterial group, 50-150 parts of nutrients, and 1-10 parts of cellulase.

[0005] Furthermore, the first bacterial group includes: a first bacterial species group and a first bacterial species group carrier; the first bacterial species group includes: lactic acid bacteria, yeast, anaerobic actinomycetes, and photosynthetic bacteria.

[0006] Furthermore, the second bacterial group includes a second bacterial species group, a second bacterial species group carrier solution, a cross-linking agent, an initiator, and a promoter; wherein the second bacterial species group includes cellulose-degrading bacteria, hemicellulose-degrading bacteria, and lignin-degrading bacteria.

[0007] Furthermore, the first bacterial species group carrier is a mixture of diatomaceous earth, activated carbon, and wheat bran in a mass ratio of 1:1:1, and the mass ratio of the first bacterial species group to the first bacterial species group carrier is 1:3.

[0008] Furthermore, the second bacterial species group carrier solution includes: a reaction medium, acrylamide, and a water-soluble polymer.

[0009] Furthermore, the preparation process of the carrier solution of the second bacterial strain group is as follows: 800 parts of the reaction medium and 10 parts of the water-soluble polymer are added into a container and stirred thoroughly, and then 100 parts of acrylamide are added and mixed evenly.

[0010] Furthermore, the preparation process of the second bacterial group is as follows: 10 parts of the second bacterial group, 5 parts of a cross-linking agent, 35 parts of an initiator, and 0.3 parts of an accelerator are added to the second carrier solution, stirred evenly, and reacted at 40° C. for 20 minutes.

[0011] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the lactic acid bacteria, yeast, anaerobic actinomycetes, and photosynthetic bacteria is 100:800:0.2:0.1.

[0012] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the cellulose decomposing bacteria, the hemicellulose decomposing bacteria, and the lignin decomposing bacteria is 1:1:1.

[0013] Furthermore, the nutrient agent includes urea, apatite powder, potassium chloride, and medical stone powder.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the straw composting agent of the present invention is optimized in combination according to the different effects of the bacterial species, a synergistic effect is formed between the first bacterial group and the second bacterial group, and the degradation efficiency is greatly improved; the first bacterial group and the second bacterial group both adopt suitable carriers to avoid direct exposure to adverse environments, buffer the damage of extreme environments to the bacterial species, ensure the activity of the bacterial species, and at the same time make the bacterial species more evenly distributed in the straw pile, expand the contact area between the bacterial species and the straw, and improve the decomposition efficiency; the slow-release carrier of the second bacterial group prolongs the purity and activity of the bacterial agent, so that the bacterial species effectively maintains the degradation ability of difficult-to-decompose substances such as lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose, thereby ensuring the composting effect, and efficiently converting the straw into nutrient-rich organic fertilizer, providing a green and sustainable development plan for agricultural production. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0016] Example 1 of the present invention, a straw composting agent 1, composed of: 350g corn starch, 15g of the first bacterial group, 1000g of the second bacterial group, 100 parts of a nutrient, and 5g of cellulase;

[0017] The first bacterial group is composed of the first bacterial group and the first bacterial group carrier in a mass ratio of 1:3;

[0018] The carrier of the first bacterial strain group is composed of diatomaceous earth, activated carbon, and wheat bran in a mass ratio of 1:1:1;

[0019] The first bacterial group consisted of lactic acid bacteria, yeast, anaerobic actinomycetes, and photosynthetic bacteria in a mass ratio of 100:800:0.2:0.1;

[0020] The second bacterial group was prepared by the following process: (1) 800 g of the reaction medium (sterile water was used in this example) and 10 g of the water-soluble polymer (polyvinyl alcohol was used in this example) were added to a container and stirred thoroughly, and then 100 g of acrylamide was added and mixed thoroughly; (2) 10 g of the second bacterial group, 5 g of the cross-linking agent (N,N-methylenebisacrylamide was used in this example), 3 g of the initiator (ammonium persulfate was used in this example), and 0.3 g of the accelerator (tetramethylethylenediamine was used in this example) were added to the second carrier solution, stirred thoroughly, and reacted at 40°C for 20 min. The resulting coacervate was cut into nearly cubic particles of 1 × 1 × 1 mm as needed;

[0021] The second bacterial species group is composed of cellulose-degrading bacteria (Trichoderma reesei is used in this example), hemicellulose-degrading bacteria (Bacillus subtilis is used in this example), and lignin-degrading bacteria (white rot fungi is used in this example) in a mass ratio of 1:1:1;

[0022] The nutrient agent consists of urea, apatite powder, potassium chloride and medical stone powder in a mass ratio of 50:20:10:60.

[0023] Unless otherwise specified, the present invention has no special requirements on the sources of the components, and commercially available products known to those skilled in the art may be used.

[0024] Example 2-Example 4

[0025] The straw composting agents disclosed in Examples 2 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 have the same steps as those disclosed in Example 1, the difference being the mass of the raw materials (unit: g), as shown in Table 1.

[0026] Table 1 Raw material ratios for Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-3

[0027] raw material Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Comparative Example 3 corn starch 350 300 400 380 350 1350 450 First bacterial group 15 10 30 20 0 15 15 The second bacterial group 1000 800 1200 900 1000 0 1000 Nutritional supplements 100 50 150 120 100 100 0 Cellulase 5 1 10 8 5 5 5

[0028] Performance Testing

[0029] The whole amount of corn straw after harvest was used as the experimental material, and the straw and composting agent were mixed and composted in a mass ratio of 1000:5. The specific parameters are shown in Table 2.

[0030] Table 2 Parameter comparison table

[0031]

[0032]

[0033] Analysis of experimental results: After 5 days of using the straw of Examples 1-4, significant degradation can be seen. The decomposition cycle of corn straw is significantly shortened, and the corrosion effect is better. Compared with the case where no composting agent is used, the effect is extremely outstanding, and there is also a clear advantage over the control example.

[0034] Finally, it should be noted that the above-described embodiments are only specific implementation methods of the present invention, which are used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit them. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above-mentioned embodiments, ordinary technicians in this field should understand that any technician familiar with this technical field can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the above-mentioned embodiments within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. These modifications, changes or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and should all be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A straw composting agent, characterized in that: The method comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 300-400 parts of corn starch, 10-30 parts of the first bacterial group, 800-1200 parts of the second bacterial group, 50-150 parts of nutrients, and 1-10 parts of cellulase.

2. The straw composting agent according to claim 1, wherein The first bacterial group includes: a first bacterial species group and a first bacterial species group carrier; the first bacterial species group includes: lactic acid bacteria, yeast, anaerobic actinomycetes, and photosynthetic bacteria.

3. The straw composting agent according to claim 1, wherein The second bacterial group includes a second bacterial species group, a second bacterial species group carrier solution, a cross-linking agent, an initiator, and a promoter; wherein the second bacterial species group includes cellulose-degrading bacteria, hemicellulose-degrading bacteria, and lignin-degrading bacteria.

4. The straw composting agent according to claim 2, wherein The first bacterial species group carrier is a mixture of diatomaceous earth, activated carbon, and wheat bran in a mass ratio of 1:1:1, and the mass ratio of the first bacterial species group to the first bacterial species group carrier is 1:

3.

5. The straw composting agent according to claim 3, characterized in that The second bacterial species group carrier solution includes: a reaction medium, acrylamide, and a water-soluble polymer.

6. The straw composting agent according to claim 5, characterized in that The preparation process of the carrier solution of the second bacterial strain group is as follows: 800 parts of the reaction medium and 10 parts of the water-soluble polymer are added into a container and stirred thoroughly, and then 100 parts of acrylamide are added and mixed uniformly.

7. The straw composting agent according to claim 6, characterized in that The preparation process of the second bacterial group is as follows: 10 parts of the second bacterial group, 5 parts of a cross-linking agent, 35 parts of an initiator, and 0.3 parts of an accelerator are added to the second carrier solution, stirred evenly, and reacted at 40° C. for 20 minutes.

8. The straw composting agent according to claim 2, characterized in that The mass ratio of the lactic acid bacteria, yeast, anaerobic actinomycetes and photosynthetic bacteria is 100:800:0.2:0.

1.

9. The straw composting agent according to claim 3, characterized in that The mass ratio of the cellulose decomposing bacteria, the hemicellulose decomposing bacteria and the lignin decomposing bacteria is 1:1:

1.

10. The straw composting agent according to claim 1, characterized in that The nutrient comprises urea, apatite powder, potassium chloride and medical stone powder.

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