Self-adaptive multi-stage energy storage circumferential jar jam releasing method for drill string

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of petroleum drilling, and particularly relates to a method for releasing a drill string through a self-adaptive multi-stage energy storage circumferential jar. The self-adaptive multi-stage energy storage circumferential jar has three states: a normal drilling state, a force storage state and a torsion impact state. When the drilling process is normally carried out, the self-adaptive multi-stage energy storage circumferential jar can be used as a drill column to realize the function of transmitting torque and bit pressure; when the lower drill column is stuck, the large hook is used for realizing the force storage process of the upper drill column; and the accumulated torsion is released after reaching a calculated value, so that large-torsion jarring jam releasing is realized. According to the method, the control process of torsion accumulation of the underground drill column is achieved, and the problem that the torque of the top drive cannot be effectively transmitted to the target position is effectively solved. The unfreezing efficiency is effectively improved while the unfreezing impact torque is improved, and research and development of the tool have important significance on safe, smooth and efficient drilling process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the fields of oil drilling, mining, geological drilling, etc., and particularly relates to a method for using an adaptive multi-stage energy storage circumferential jar. Background Art

[0002] In oil drilling operations, stuck drillstrings are a core risk that leads to increased non-productive time, escalating costs, and even wellbore abandonment. Traditional drillstring unstuck tools and methods have evolved over the years, resulting in a suite of solutions primarily based on mechanical, hydraulic, chemical, and explosive technologies. However, these solutions still have significant limitations in complex formations, deep wells, and highly challenging wells. Traditional mechanical unstuck tools rely on the integrity and rigidity of the drillstring to transmit force. While jars use impact force to unstuck drillstrings, their effectiveness is limited by the depth of the stuck point and formation resistance. Friction between the drillstring and the wellbore wall, as well as support pressure, results in extremely low efficiency in transmitting downward torque and axial tension and compression, making it impossible to achieve the desired impact force and resulting in a very high unstuck failure rate. Furthermore, traditional unstuck methods generate and transmit force at the wellhead, resulting in significant force loss to the stuck point and a significant waste of manpower and resources.

[0003] The core solution of the present invention lies in that energy and force generation occurs directly near the stuck point, significantly reducing energy waste and force loss. Furthermore, during operation, the invented device can effectively reduce the hazards of drill string buckling and back pressure to the drilling process. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the aforementioned drawbacks and shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a method for unjamming a drill string using an adaptive multi-stage energy storage circumferential jar. This method controls the torsional deformation of the upper drill string, storing torsional force as part of the drill string's torsional deformation. Based on specific needs, sufficient torsional force is accumulated to allow the upper drill string to recover, releasing the torsional force all at once. This generates a very high torsional jarring force, thereby increasing the success rate of unjamming.

[0005] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: A method for using an adaptive multi-stage energy storage circumferential jar comprises the following steps: S1. Initialization step Install the adaptive multi-stage energy storage circumferential jar between the upper drill string and the drill collar or stabilizer, ensuring a tight connection between the power storage assembly and the torsional impact assembly. The power storage assembly includes an upper connector, a scraper ring, a seal ring, a V-ring assembly, a mandrel support sleeve, an upper housing, an O-ring, a configuration module housing, an upper plug, a wear ring, a pressure-bearing connector, a pressure-transmitting connector, an upper spline housing, a jarring mandrel, and a lower spline connector. The torsional impact assembly includes a jarring housing, a lower connector, a lower connector housing, a piston, a piston seal ring, and an O-ring.

[0006] S2. Normal drilling steps During normal drilling, the adaptive multi-stage energy storage circumferential jar acts as a drill pipe, transmitting torque and weight on bit. The weight on bit is transmitted to the pressure transmission joint through the pressure-bearing connector, and the torque is transmitted to the jarring mandrel through the pressure-bearing connector, and then to the tool housing.

[0007] S3, charging steps When the lower drill string gets stuck, the upper drill string is raised and lowered by the hook, thereby activating and storing the force storage assembly. Each time the upper drill string is raised or lowered, a torsion angle is generated at the force storage assembly, and the torsion force is stored in the form of torsional deformation of the upper drill string. The specific operation is as follows: Small pull: Control the big hook to pull the upper drill string slightly. The lifting range is calculated by the length of the upper drill string and the spline length of the lower spline joint.

[0008] Torsion angle generation: Every time the upper drill string is pulled up or lowered, the upper drill string will generate a torsional deflection angle, and the torsional force is stored in the form of torsional deformation of the upper drill string.

[0009] Linear superposition: Within the circumferential elastic deformation range of the upper drill string, each torsional deformation will accumulate a certain amount of torque, and there is a linear relationship between the deformation and the torque. Through multiple lifting and lowering, the torsion angle can be linearly superimposed.

[0010] S4, impact step When the torque stored in the upper drill string reaches a predetermined value, the upper drill string is pulled a large distance, causing the splines on the jarring mandrel to disengage from the internal splines of the upper spline housing and enter the space above the upper spline housing. At this point, the torque stored in the upper drill string is released, and the jarring mandrel impacts the impact housing, achieving a torsional jarring. The specific operation is as follows: Long-distance pull: Pull the upper drill string a long distance to disengage the splines on the jarring mandrel from the internal splines of the upper spline housing.

[0011] Torque release: The torque stored in the upper drill string is released, and the shock mandrel carries huge kinetic energy and torque to impact the impact shell.

[0012] Impact transfer: The impact housing transfers this torsional impact downward to the stuck drill, thereby releasing the jam.

[0013] S5. Reset steps After the jam is successfully released, the upper drill string is restored to its initial position to prepare for the next possible stuck drill accident. The specific operations are as follows: Slowly lower: Slowly lower the upper drill string so that the splines on the jarring mandrel re-engage with the internal splines of the upper spline housing.

[0014] Reset check: Check whether the adaptive multi-stage energy storage circumferential jar has returned to normal drilling status and ensure that all components are tightly connected and free of damage.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) Improve the success rate of jamming: Compared with the traditional axial torsional jar, the adaptive multi-stage energy storage circumferential jar uses torsional shock with better jamming effect to improve the success rate of jamming.

[0016] (2) Linear control and adjustment: The required torsional impact force can be linearly controlled and adjusted, and the adjustment range is very wide.

[0017] (3) Reduce force loss: Compared with traditional torsion jars, the torsional force required for the operation of the present invention does not depend on the ground, thus avoiding force loss caused by problems such as support pressure and friction.

[0018] (4) Easy to operate: Power accumulation and impact can be achieved by lifting and lowering the upper drill string. It is easy to operate and control.

[0019] (5) Strong adaptability: It is suitable for drill stuck accidents under different well conditions and can adjust the number of power storage times and impact force according to specific needs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Attachment Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the adaptive multi-stage energy storage circumferential jar of the present invention; Attachment Figure 1 Parts names: 1-upper connector, 2-scraper ring, 3-sealing ring, 4-V-type sealing ring assembly, 5-core shaft support sleeve, 6-upper housing, 7-O-ring, 8-configuration module housing, 9-upper plug, 10-wear ring, 11-pressure connector, 12-pressure transmission connector, 13-upper spline housing, 14-shock core shaft, 15-lower spline connector, 16-impact housing, 17-lower connector, 18-lower connector housing, 19-piston, 20-piston sealing ring, 21-O-ring; Attachment Figure 2 A logic flow chart is used for tool control according to the present invention; Attachment Figure 3 is an isometric view of the jarring mandrel of the present invention; Attachment Figure 4 is an isometric view of the lower spline joint of the present invention; Attachment Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the upper spline housing of the present invention; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of the present invention in conjunction with specific embodiments. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Example 1 As the most basic embodiment of the present invention, refer to the attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 This embodiment provides a method for unjamming a drill string using an adaptive multi-stage energy storage circumferential jar, comprising the following steps: S1. Initialization step Install the adaptive multi-stage energy storage circumferential jar between the upper drill string and the drill collar, ensuring a tight connection between the power storage assembly and the torsional impact assembly. The power storage assembly includes an upper connector 1, a scraper ring 2, a sealing ring 3, a V-ring assembly 4, a core shaft support sleeve 5, an upper housing 6, an O-ring 7, a configuration module housing 8, an upper plug 9, a wear ring 10, a pressure-bearing connector 11, a pressure-transmitting connector 12, an upper spline housing 13, a jarring core shaft 14, and a lower spline connector 15. The torsional impact assembly includes an impact housing 16, a lower connector 17, a lower connector housing 18, a piston 19, a piston sealing ring 20, and an O-ring 21.

[0023] S2. Normal drilling steps During normal drilling, the adaptive multi-stage energy storage circumferential jar acts as a drill pipe, transmitting torque and weight on bit. The weight on bit is transmitted to the pressure transmission joint 12 through the pressure-bearing connector 11, and the torque is transmitted to the jarring mandrel 14 through the pressure-bearing connector 11, and then to the tool housing.

[0024] S3, charging steps When the lower drill string gets stuck, the upper drill string is raised and lowered by the hook, thereby activating and storing the force storage assembly. Each time the upper drill string is raised or lowered, a torsion angle is generated at the force storage assembly, and the torsion force is stored in the form of torsional deformation of the upper drill string. The specific operation is as follows: The large hook is controlled to slightly lift the upper drill string. The lifting range is calculated based on the length of the upper drill string and the spline length of the lower spline joint 15.

[0025] Each time the upper drill string is pulled up or lowered, a torsional deflection angle is generated in the upper drill string, and the torsional force is stored in the form of torsional deformation of the upper drill string.

[0026] Within the circumferential elastic deformation range of the upper drill string, each torsional deformation will accumulate a certain amount of torque, and there is a linear relationship between the deformation and the torque. Through multiple lifting and lowering, the torsion angle can be linearly superimposed.

[0027] S4, impact step When the torque stored in the upper drill string reaches a predetermined value, the upper drill string is pulled a large distance, causing the splines on the jarring mandrel 14 to disengage from the internal splines of the upper spline housing 13 and enter the space above the upper spline housing 13. At this point, the torque stored in the upper drill string is released, and the jarring mandrel 14 impacts the impact housing 16, achieving a torsional jarring. The specific operation is as follows: The upper drill string is pulled a long distance to disengage the splines on the jarring mandrel 14 from the internal splines of the upper spline housing 13.

[0028] The torque stored in the upper drill string is released, and the shock mandrel 14 impacts the shock shell 16 with huge kinetic energy and torque.

[0029] The impact housing 16 transmits this torsional impact downward to the drill bit, thereby releasing the stuck drill bit.

[0030] S5. Reset steps After the jam is successfully released, the upper drill string is restored to its initial position to prepare for the next possible stuck drill accident. The specific operations are as follows: The upper drill string is slowly lowered so that the splines on the shock mandrel 14 re-engage with the internal splines of the upper spline housing 13.

[0031] Check whether the adaptive multi-stage energy storage circumferential jar has returned to normal drilling status and ensure that all components are tightly connected and free of damage.

[0032] This embodiment uses a method for using an adaptive multi-stage energy storage circumferential jar to effectively solve the drill sticking problem, improve drilling efficiency, and reduce non-productive time.

[0033] Example 2 As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, refer to the attached Figure 1 , Attachment Figure 3 and attached Figure 4 This embodiment provides a method for unjamming a drill string using an adaptive multi-stage energy storage circumferential jar, comprising the following steps: S1. Initialization step Install the adaptive multi-stage energy storage circumferential jar between the upper drill string and the centralizer, ensuring a tight connection between the power storage assembly and the torsional impact assembly. The power storage assembly includes an upper connector 1, a scraper ring 2, a sealing ring 3, a V-ring assembly 4, a core shaft support sleeve 5, an upper housing 6, an O-ring 7, a configuration module housing 8, an upper plug 9, a wear ring 10, a pressure-bearing connector 11, a pressure-transmitting connector 12, an upper spline housing 13, a jarring core shaft 14, and a lower spline connector 15. The torsional impact assembly includes an impact housing 16, a lower connector 17, a lower connector housing 18, a piston 19, a piston sealing ring 20, and an O-ring 21.

[0034] S2. Normal drilling steps During normal drilling, the adaptive multi-stage energy storage circumferential jar acts as a drill pipe, transmitting torque and weight on bit. The weight on bit is transmitted to the pressure transmission joint 12 through the pressure-bearing connector 11, and the torque is transmitted to the jarring mandrel 14 through the pressure-bearing connector 11, and then to the tool housing.

[0035] S3, charging steps When the lower drill string gets stuck, the upper drill string is raised and lowered by the hook, thereby activating and storing the force storage assembly. Each time the upper drill string is raised or lowered, a torsion angle is generated at the force storage assembly, and the torsion force is stored in the form of torsional deformation of the upper drill string. The specific operation is as follows: The large hook is controlled to slightly lift the upper drill string. The lifting range is calculated based on the length of the upper drill string and the spline length of the lower spline joint 15.

[0036] Each time the upper drill string is pulled up or lowered, a torsional deflection angle is generated in the upper drill string, and the torsional force is stored in the form of torsional deformation of the upper drill string.

[0037] Within the circumferential elastic deformation range of the upper drill string, each torsional deformation will accumulate a certain amount of torque, and there is a linear relationship between the deformation and the torque. Through multiple lifting and lowering, the torsion angle can be linearly superimposed.

[0038] S4, impact step When the torque stored in the upper drill string reaches a predetermined value, the upper drill string is pulled a large distance, causing the splines on the jarring mandrel 14 to disengage from the internal splines of the upper spline housing 13 and enter the space above the upper spline housing 13. At this point, the torque stored in the upper drill string is released, and the jarring mandrel 14 impacts the impact housing 16, achieving a torsional jarring. The specific operation is as follows: The upper drill string is pulled a long distance to disengage the splines on the jarring mandrel 14 from the internal splines of the upper spline housing 13.

[0039] The torque stored in the upper drill string is released, and the shock mandrel 14 impacts the shock shell 16 with huge kinetic energy and torque.

[0040] The impact housing 16 transmits this torsional impact downward to the drill bit, thereby releasing the stuck drill bit.

[0041] S5. Reset steps After the jam is successfully released, the upper drill string is restored to its initial position to prepare for the next possible stuck drill accident. The specific operations are as follows: The upper drill string is slowly lowered so that the splines on the shock mandrel 14 re-engage with the internal splines of the upper spline housing 13.

[0042] Check whether the adaptive multi-stage energy storage circumferential jar has returned to normal drilling status and ensure that all components are tightly connected and free of damage.

[0043] In this embodiment, by repeatedly lifting and lowering the upper drill string, the accumulated torque can be gradually increased, and ultimately a greater impact force can be achieved, which is suitable for deeper wells or more complex formation conditions.

[0044] Example 3 As another preferred embodiment of the present invention, refer to the attached Figure 1 , Attachment Figure 3 , Attachment Figure 4 and attached Figure 5 This embodiment provides a method for unjamming a drill string using an adaptive multi-stage energy storage circumferential jar, comprising the following steps: S1. Initialization step Install the adaptive multi-stage energy storage circumferential jar between the upper drill string and the drill collar, ensuring a tight connection between the power storage assembly and the torsional impact assembly. The power storage assembly includes an upper connector 1, a scraper ring 2, a sealing ring 3, a V-ring assembly 4, a core shaft support sleeve 5, an upper housing 6, an O-ring 7, a configuration module housing 8, an upper plug 9, a wear ring 10, a pressure-bearing connector 11, a pressure-transmitting connector 12, an upper spline housing 13, a jarring core shaft 14, and a lower spline connector 15. The torsional impact assembly includes an impact housing 16, a lower connector 17, a lower connector housing 18, a piston 19, a piston sealing ring 20, and an O-ring 21.

[0045] S2. Normal drilling steps During normal drilling, the adaptive multi-stage energy storage circumferential jar acts as a drill pipe, transmitting torque and weight on bit. The weight on bit is transmitted to the pressure transmission joint 12 through the pressure-bearing connector 11, and the torque is transmitted to the jarring mandrel 14 through the pressure-bearing connector 11, and then to the tool housing.

[0046] S3, charging steps When the lower drill string gets stuck, the upper drill string is raised and lowered by the hook, thereby activating and storing the force storage assembly. Each time the upper drill string is raised or lowered, a torsion angle is generated at the force storage assembly, and the torsion force is stored in the form of torsional deformation of the upper drill string. The specific operation is as follows: The large hook is controlled to slightly lift the upper drill string. The lifting range is calculated based on the length of the upper drill string and the spline length of the lower spline joint 15.

[0047] Each time the upper drill string is pulled up or lowered, a torsional deflection angle is generated in the upper drill string, and the torsional force is stored in the form of torsional deformation of the upper drill string.

[0048] Within the circumferential elastic deformation range of the upper drill string, each torsional deformation will accumulate a certain amount of torque, and there is a linear relationship between the deformation and the torque. Through multiple lifting and lowering, the torsion angle can be linearly superimposed.

[0049] S4, impact step When the torque stored in the upper drill string reaches a predetermined value, the upper drill string is pulled a large distance, causing the splines on the jarring mandrel 14 to disengage from the internal splines of the upper spline housing 13 and enter the space above the upper spline housing 13. At this point, the torque stored in the upper drill string is released, and the jarring mandrel 14 impacts the impact housing 16, achieving a torsional jarring. The specific operation is as follows: The upper drill string is pulled a long distance to disengage the splines on the jarring mandrel 14 from the internal splines of the upper spline housing 13.

[0050] The torque stored in the upper drill string is released, and the shock mandrel 14 impacts the shock shell 16 with huge kinetic energy and torque.

[0051] The impact housing 16 transmits this torsional impact downward to the drill bit, thereby releasing the stuck drill bit.

[0052] S5. Reset steps After the jam is successfully released, the upper drill string is restored to its initial position to prepare for the next possible drill jam. The specific operations are as follows: The upper drill string is slowly lowered so that the splines on the shock mandrel 14 re-engage with the internal splines of the upper spline housing 13.

[0053] Check whether the adaptive multi-stage energy storage circumferential jar has returned to normal drilling status and ensure that all components are tightly connected and free of damage.

[0054] In this embodiment, by precisely controlling the number and amplitude of lifting and lowering, the impact force can be precisely adjusted, which is applicable to drill stuck accidents at different depths and formation conditions.

[0055] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any limitation to the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or to perform equivalent replacements on some of the relevant technical parameters. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for unjamming a drill string using an adaptive multi-stage energy storage circumferential jar, characterized by: The following steps are involved: S1. Install the adaptive multi-stage energy storage circumferential jar between the upper drill string and the drill collar or centralizer, ensuring that the energy storage assembly and the torsional impact assembly are tightly connected; S2. During normal drilling, the adaptive multi-stage energy storage circumferential jar acts as a drill pipe, transmitting torque and bit pressure; S3. When a drill string gets stuck, the upper drill string is lifted and lowered by the hook, thereby activating and storing the force storage assembly. Each time the upper drill string is lifted or lowered, a torsion angle is generated at the force storage assembly, and the torsional force is stored in the form of torsional deformation of the upper drill string. S4. When the torque stored in the upper drill string reaches a predetermined value, the upper drill string is pulled up a large distance, so that the splines on the jarring mandrel are disengaged from the internal splines of the upper spline housing. The torque stored in the upper drill string is released, and the jarring mandrel impacts the impact housing, achieving a torsional jarring. S5. After the jam is successfully released, the upper drill string is restored to its initial position to prepare for the next possible drill jam.

2. The method for unjamming a drill string using an adaptive multi-stage energy storage circumferential jar according to claim 1, characterized in that: Provide support for the algorithm: S1. During each unstuck process, data such as the location of the stuck point, geological information at the stuck point, drill string structure, and stuck point type are collected. The drill string vibration characteristics of each jarring unstuck process are recorded to form a large data set containing various information. S2. Use a vibration test sub while drilling to collect vibration signals from the shock process in real time and send them to the surface. On the surface, the vibration signals are pre-processed using a filtering algorithm to remove noise and interference information and extract characteristic signals that can reflect the vibration characteristics of the drill string. S3. Extract features from the preprocessed vibration signal, including features in the time domain, frequency domain, and time-frequency domain; S4. Combine the collected data with the extracted vibration signal features to establish a big data model library for torsional jarring. This model library includes not only the vibration signal features but also related geological information, drill string structure, etc., providing a data foundation for subsequent analysis and prediction. S5. Based on the data characteristics and analysis objectives in the model library, select an appropriate machine learning algorithm to train the data to establish a model that can predict torsional shock force; S6. Evaluate the trained model through cross-validation, test set evaluation, and other methods to determine its accuracy and reliability; based on the evaluation results, optimize and adjust the model to improve its predictive performance; S7. Using the trained model, combined with the real-time collected vibration signal characteristics and geological information, predict the torsional jarring force required for torsional jarring to unblock the jam. The model quickly outputs the predicted torsional shock force based on the input characteristic parameters; S8. Apply the optimized model to the actual drilling process to predict and evaluate the effect of torsional jarring in real time. Based on the model's predictions, adjust drilling parameters and jamming strategies in a timely manner to improve the success rate and efficiency of jamming. At the same time, input new data and feedback information from actual applications back into the model library to continuously update and optimize the model, forming a closed-loop system with continuous improvement.

3. The method for unjamming a drill string using an adaptive multi-stage energy storage circumferential jar according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S3, the large hook is controlled to slightly lift the upper drill string, and the lifting amplitude is calculated based on the length of the upper drill string and the spline length of the lower spline joint.

4. The method for unjamming a drill string using an adaptive multi-stage energy storage circumferential jar according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S3, each time the upper drill string is pulled up or lowered, a torsional deflection angle is generated in the upper drill string, and the torsional force is stored in the form of torsional deformation of the upper drill string.

5. The method for unjamming a drill string using an adaptive multi-stage energy storage circumferential jar according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S4, the upper drill string is pulled up a long distance, so that the splines on the shock mandrel are disengaged from the internal splines of the upper spline housing and enter the space above the upper spline housing.

6. The method for unjamming a drill string using an adaptive multi-stage energy storage circumferential jar according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S5, the upper drill string is slowly lowered so that the splines on the jarring mandrel are re-engaged with the internal splines of the upper spline housing.

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