Double clutch and working method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a double clutch and a working method thereof, and is characterized in that the double clutch comprises a shell, an actuator, a push disc, a top disc, a normally closed clutch, a normally open clutch and a telescopic device, and the actuator, the push disc, the top disc, the normally closed clutch, the normally open clutch and the telescopic device are sequentially and axially arranged in the shell from left to right; the actuator and the telescopic device are arranged oppositely and apply force to the push disc, the top disc, the normally-closed clutch and the normally-open clutch oppositely, so that when the normally-closed clutch is combined, the normally-open clutch is linked to be separated, and when the normally-open clutch is combined, the normally-closed clutch is linked to be separated. The double clutch is reasonable in design, not only effectively solves the problems of high cost and energy consumption of the clutch, but also can solve the problems that the clutch moves at a low speed and is easy to damage due to transition sliding abrasion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of mechanical clutches, and in particular to a dual clutch and a working method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the traditional clutch field, one clutch corresponds to one actuator, and the separation and engagement actions of the two clutches are controlled separately. The two actuators are not only large in size, high in cost, high in energy consumption, and complex in structure, but also difficult to control in order to ensure that the transmission shifting process is smooth, fast, and without power interruption. Due to the influence of various factors, it is easy for the two clutches to engage at the same time, causing serious wear and even burning of the friction plates.

[0003] With the development of new energy vehicles, the technology of controlling two clutches with one actuator has been developed. The one-control-two technology reduces one actuator and effectively solves the problems of high cost and energy consumption. However, the existing one-control-two technology has some new problems, especially the problems of movement at low speed and clutch transition slip and wear.

[0004] For example, the Chinese patent "Hybrid Power Transmission System, Control Method and Automobile" has a publication number of N109263460A. The system includes: a first main shaft, a second main shaft, an engine, a first clutch, a third-speed driving gear, a second clutch, a first-speed driving gear, a synchronizer, a second-speed driving gear and a second motor connected to the first main shaft in sequence; a first motor, a third-speed passive gear, a third clutch, a first-speed passive gear and a second-speed passive gear connected to the second main shaft in sequence. The ratio of the number of gears of the first-speed passive gear to the number of gears of the first-speed driving gear is the first-speed ratio; the ratio of the number of gears of the second-speed passive gear to the number of gears of the second-speed driving gear is the second-speed ratio; the ratio of the number of gears of the third-speed passive gear to the number of gears of the third-speed driving gear is the third-speed ratio; the second-speed passive gear is connected to the wheels. This patent combines the first-speed driving gear or the second-speed driving gear through a synchronizer, so that the automobile has different speed ratios in various modes and has good fuel economy. However, this patent cannot solve the problems of swaying at low speeds and easy wear of the clutch due to excessive slip.

[0005] Another example is the Chinese patent "Hydraulic control method and system for hybrid transmission with integrated parking and motor cooling" with announcement number CN109681626A, which includes a hydraulic parking actuator for performing parking unlocking and parking actions; a hydraulic motor cooling actuator for using hydraulic oil as a cooling medium to exchange heat with the motor to achieve cooling of the motor; an oil pump and its drive system; a reversing valve; the oil pump inputs hydraulic oil to the reversing valve; the reversing valve can selectively deliver hydraulic oil to the hydraulic parking actuator to perform parking unlocking or parking actions; or it can selectively deliver hydraulic oil to the hydraulic motor cooling actuator to perform motor cooling actions. This patent integrates the parking actuator into the motor cooling actuator through the reversing valve, and uses the oil pump of the motor cooling actuator to control the oil pressure to unlock the parking actuator. It has a compact structure and high integration, requires small assembly space, has few types of system parts, and a simple hydraulic control method, which greatly improves the system integration. However, this patent also cannot solve the problems of movement at low speeds and easy wear of the clutch due to excessive slippage. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a dual clutch and a working method thereof. The dual clutch is rationally designed, which not only effectively solves the problems of high clutch cost and energy consumption, but also solves the problems of movement at low speed and clutch transition slip and wear.

[0007] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: The dual clutch of the present invention is characterized in that it includes a housing, an actuator, a push plate, a top plate, a normally closed clutch, a normally open clutch and a telescopic device arranged axially from left to right in the housing, the normally closed clutch and the normally open clutch are linked to each other, the actuator and the telescopic device are arranged relative to each other and apply relative forces to the push plate, the top plate, the normally closed clutch and the normally open clutch, so that when the normally closed clutch is engaged, the linked normally open clutch is disengaged, and when the normally open clutch is engaged, the linked normally closed clutch is disengaged.

[0008] Preferably, the normally closed clutch comprises a normally closed clutch drum and a normally closed clutch hub, a pressure plate is provided between the normally closed clutch drum and the normally closed clutch hub, the pressure plate and the normally closed clutch drum are axially slidingly connected and rotationally transmitted connected, a plurality of first elastic bodies are provided between the normally closed clutch drum and the pressure plate, two ends of the first elastic body respectively abut the normally closed clutch drum and the pressure plate, a first friction pair is provided on the left side of the pressure plate, the first friction pair comprises a plurality of first outer plates and a plurality of first inner plates, the first outer plates and the first inner plates are staggered, the outer periphery of the first outer plate is slidingly connected to the normally closed clutch drum through a spline, the inner periphery of the first inner plate is slidingly connected to the normally closed clutch hub through a spline, a support plate is provided on the left side of the first friction pair, and the outer periphery of the support plate is fixedly connected to the normally closed clutch drum; Preferably, the normally open clutch is arranged on the right side of the normally closed clutch. The normally open clutch includes a normally open clutch drum and a normally open clutch hub. A second friction pair is arranged between the normally open clutch drum and the normally open clutch hub. The second friction pair includes a second outer plate and a second inner plate. The second outer plate and the second inner plate are alternately arranged. The outer periphery of the second outer plate is slidingly connected to the normally open clutch drum through a spline, the inner periphery of the second inner plate is slidingly connected to the normally open clutch hub through a spline, and the normally closed clutch drum is slidingly connected to the normally open clutch hub through a spline.

[0009] Preferably, the telescopic device is a component composed of more than one elastomer.

[0010] Preferably, the telescopic device is a butterfly spring assembly, and the telescopic device has initial tension in the initial state to prevent the normally open clutch from being subjected to pressure from the actuator in the initial stage of opening the normally closed clutch. When the pressure applied to the telescopic device exceeds the initial tension, the telescopic plate contracts to the right, and the telescopic plate contracts until there is no gap between the second outer plate and the second inner plate and no longer contracts, so that the second outer plate and the second inner plate are gradually pressed until the normally open clutch is fully engaged; the telescopic device extends as the rightward force of the actuator decreases, and the return position of the telescopic device is opposite to that of the actuator.

[0011] Preferably, the above-mentioned telescopic device consists of a telescopic seat, a telescopic plate, a connecting piece, a first splint, a second splint, a butterfly spring and a positioning bolt. Several butterfly spring groups are arranged between the first splint and the second splint, and each group is provided with a positioning bolt. The positioning bolt passes through the first splint, the butterfly spring and the second splint and is fixed on the telescopic seat. The first splint, the butterfly spring and the positioning bolt are slidably connected. An annular limit groove is opened on the right side of the outer periphery of the telescopic plate, and the left end of the connecting piece is inserted into the annular groove limit of the telescopic plate.

[0012] Preferably, the left end of the connecting member is fixedly connected to the telescopic plate, the right end of the connecting member is fixedly connected to the first clamping plate, and the telescopic seat is fixedly connected to the housing; the normally open clutch drum and the connecting member are processed integrally.

[0013] Preferably, a plurality of axial spline-shaped elongated protrusions are provided on the inner periphery of the right side of the above-mentioned top plate, and a plurality of axially concave grooves corresponding to the axial spline-shaped elongated protrusions are provided on the left side of the normally closed clutch drum. The axial spline-shaped elongated protrusions penetrate into the axially concave grooves, thereby forming an axial sliding and rotational transmission connection between the top plate and the normally closed clutch.

[0014] Preferably, a plurality of radial tooth-shaped protrusions corresponding to the axially concave grooves of the normally closed clutch drum are radially arranged on the outer periphery of the above-mentioned pressure plate. The radial tooth-shaped protrusions pass through the axially concave grooves on the normally closed clutch drum to form a connection for axial sliding and rotational transmission, and the left side of the radial tooth-shaped protrusion of the pressure plate abuts against the right side of the axial spline-shaped elongated protrusion of the top plate.

[0015] Preferably, a baffle is provided on the right side of the inner periphery of the above-mentioned actuator, the push plate is slidingly connected to the baffle through the inner periphery spline, and the baffle is fixedly connected to the shell; when the actuator is a piston device, a return spring is provided between the baffle and the piston, one end of the return spring abuts the baffle, and the other end abuts the piston.

[0016] The working method of the dual clutch of the present invention is characterized by: In the initial state S1, the actuator does not apply thrust to the push plate, and the push plate is in the leftmost position. The first inner plate and the first outer plate of the normally closed clutch are in a coupled state under the action of the first elastic body. The butterfly spring assembly pushes the telescopic plate to the leftmost position. The normally open clutch is not under pressure and is in a disengaged state. S2. The actuator gradually applies rightward pressure to the push plate until it reaches the designed maximum value: the actuator pushes the normally closed clutch to the right through the first piston, push plate, first end bearing, top plate, pressure plate, first elastic body, and normally closed clutch drum in sequence, eliminating the gap between the normally closed clutch drum, second end bearing, telescopic plate, connecting piece and first clamping plate, so that the normally closed clutch drum is supported on the butterfly spring through the second end bearing, telescopic plate, connecting piece and first clamping plate. After that, the thrust of the actuator acts on the pressure plate, causing the pressure of the pressure plate on the first friction pair to gradually decrease until The normally closed clutch is completely disengaged. Correspondingly, when the pressure exerted by the normally closed clutch drum on the telescopic plate through the second end bearing is greater than the initial pressure of the telescopic device, the gap between the second inner plate and the second outer plate of the normally open clutch gradually decreases until it is completely eliminated. Then, the pressure between the second inner plate and the second outer plate gradually increases until it reaches the design value. That is, when the actuator gradually applies rightward pressure to the push plate until it reaches the design value, the normally open clutch gradually engages from completely disengaged, and the engagement force gradually increases to fully engaged. Correspondingly, the normally closed clutch gradually reduces the engagement force from engaged to completely disengaged. S3. The actuator moves from right to left to its initial position: the pressure exerted by the actuator on the second friction pair through the push plate, telescopic plate, etc. gradually decreases. When the rightward force exerted by the actuator on the telescopic plate is less than the thrust of the butterfly spring group acting on the telescopic plate through the first clamping plate and the connecting piece, the telescopic plate begins to stretch to the left, and the second inner plate and the second outer plate of the normally open clutch gradually separate until they are completely separated. Correspondingly, the thrust exerted by the actuator on the pressure plate through the push plate, top plate, etc. gradually decreases. When the thrust exerted by the actuator on the pressure plate is less than the elastic force of the first elastic body, the pressure plate is gradually pressed toward the first friction pair under the action of the elastic force of the first elastic body, causing the normally closed clutch to gradually engage until it is fully engaged; that is, when the actuator moves from right to left to its initial position, the normally open clutch gradually reduces its engagement force from fully engaged to fully separated, and correspondingly, the normally closed clutch gradually increases its engagement force from fully separated to fully engaged.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the dual clutch and the working method of the present invention are as follows: 1. One actuator controls two clutches, saving costs, reducing energy consumption, and reducing size; 2. Use traditional materials to facilitate quality control and improve manufacturing efficiency; 3. Easy to control, easy to achieve fast and smooth shifting without power interruption during the shifting process, and has a foolproof effect to prevent the two clutches from disengaging or engaging at the same time; 4. When one of the two clutches is engaged and the other is braking, the normally open clutch can be designed as a braking mechanism. In this way, the fluid flow pipe of the fluid actuator is directly set on the housing without passing through the intermediate shaft, which reduces the difficulty of dynamic sealing and avoids energy loss caused by the rotation of the transmission shaft during dynamic sealing, further reducing energy consumption; 5. Since the clutch device can be pre-closed with a spring, there are many types of actuators to choose from. Almost all types of actuators are applicable, and no additional friction loss is required for either clutching or braking. 6. The actuating structure of the normally closed clutch and the normally open clutch is cleverly designed, which can solve the problems of movement at low speed and excessive slip and wear of the clutch. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A partial view of Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a normally closed clutch; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A partial view of Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a normally open clutch; Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A partial view of Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the telescopic device; Figure 8 yes Figure 7 A partial view of Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the normally closed clutch drum; Figure 10 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the pressure plate; Figure 11 It is a three-dimensional image of the top plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The present invention is further explained below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0020] The dual clutch of the present invention includes a housing 1, an actuator 2, a push plate 6, a first end face bearing 7, a top plate 8, a normally closed clutch 3, a second end face bearing 9, a normally open clutch 4 and a telescopic device 5, which are arranged in sequence from left to right in the housing. The normally open clutch 4 is arranged between the telescopic plate 502 and the telescopic seat 501 of the telescopic device, and the right side of the telescopic seat 501 is fixed on the housing 1; the normally closed clutch 3 and the normally open clutch 4 are linked to each other, and the actuator 2 and the telescopic device 5 are arranged relative to each other and apply relative forces to the push plate, the top plate, the normally closed clutch and the normally open clutch, so that when the normally closed clutch is engaged, the linked normally open clutch is in a state of disengagement, and when the normally open clutch is engaged, the linked normally closed clutch is in a state of disengagement.

[0021] Specifically, the normally closed clutch 3 includes a normally closed clutch drum 301 and a normally closed clutch hub 302. A pressure plate 303 is arranged between the normally closed clutch drum 301 and the normally closed clutch hub 302. The pressure plate 303 can be axially slidably connected and rotationally transmitted relative to the normally closed clutch drum 301. Specifically, a plurality of radial toothed protrusions 310 corresponding to the axially concave grooves 308 of the normally closed clutch drum 301 are radially arranged on the outer periphery of the pressure plate 303. The radial toothed protrusions 310 pass through the axially concave grooves 308 on the normally closed clutch drum to form an axial sliding and rotationally transmitted connection, and the left side of the radial toothed protrusion 310 of the pressure plate 303 abuts against the right side of the axial spline-shaped elongated protrusion 801 of the top plate 8.

[0022] A plurality of first elastic bodies 304 (preferably compression springs, which are uniformly or symmetrically distributed along the circumference) are arranged between the normally closed clutch drum 301 and the pressure plate 303. The two ends of the compression springs respectively abut the normally closed clutch drum 301 and the pressure plate 303. A first friction pair is arranged on the left side of the pressure plate 303. The first friction pair includes a plurality of first outer plates 305 and a plurality of first inner plates 306. The first outer plates and the first inner plates are arranged alternately (that is, one first outer plate 305 is arranged between two adjacent first inner plates 306, and one first inner plate 306 is arranged between two adjacent first outer plates 305). The outer periphery of the first outer plate 305 is slidingly connected to the normally closed clutch drum 301 via a spline, and the inner periphery of the first inner plate 306 is slidingly connected to the normally closed clutch hub 302 via a spline. A support plate 307 is arranged on the left side of the first friction pair. The outer periphery of the support plate 307 is fixedly connected to the outer end of the normally closed clutch drum 301. The first friction pair is clamped between the pressure plate 303 and the support plate 307.

[0023] A normally open clutch 4 is arranged on the right side of the normally closed clutch 3. The normally open clutch 4 includes a normally open clutch drum 401 and a normally open clutch hub 402. A second friction pair is arranged between the normally open clutch drum 401 and the normally open clutch hub 402. The second friction pair includes a second outer plate 403 and a second inner plate 404. The second outer plate 404 and the second inner plate 403 are arranged alternately. The outer periphery of the second outer plate 403 is slidingly connected to the normally open clutch drum 401 through a spline, and the inner periphery of the second inner plate 404 is slidingly connected to the normally open clutch hub 402 through a spline. The normally closed clutch drum 301 is slidingly connected to the normally open clutch hub 402 through a spline.

[0024] The telescopic device is a component composed of more than one elastomer, such as a gas piston device or a liquid piston device. Preferably, it is an elastomer component device, such as a coil compression spring component, a butterfly spring component, etc. Preferably, the telescopic device is a butterfly spring component.

[0025] The working method of the telescopic device is that in the initial state, the telescopic device has a certain initial tension to prevent the normally open clutch 4 from being subjected to pressure from the actuator 2 in the initial stage of opening the normally closed clutch 3. When the pressure exerted by the telescopic device from the actuator 2 exceeds the initial tension, the telescopic plate 502 contracts to the right, and the telescopic plate contracts until there is no gap between the second outer plate and the second inner plate and no longer contracts, so that the second outer plate and the second inner plate are gradually pressed until the normally open clutch 4 is fully engaged; the telescopic device extends as the rightward force of the actuator decreases, and the return position of the telescopic device is opposite to that of the actuator.

[0026] The specific telescopic device 5 consists of a telescopic seat 501, a telescopic plate 502, a connecting piece 503, a first clamping plate 504, a second clamping plate 505, a butterfly spring 506 and a positioning bolt 507. Several butterfly spring groups are arranged between the first clamping plate 504 and the second clamping plate 505, and each group is provided with a positioning bolt 507. The positioning bolt 507 passes through the first clamping plate 504, the butterfly spring 506 and the second clamping plate 505 and is fixed on the telescopic 501. The first clamping plate, the butterfly spring and the positioning bolt are slidably connected. An annular limit groove is opened on the right side of the outer periphery of the telescopic plate, and the left end of the connecting piece 503 is inserted into the annular groove limit of the telescopic plate 502.

[0027] The left end of the connecting member 503 can be fixedly connected to the telescopic plate 502, the right end of the connecting member 503 is fixedly connected to the first clamping plate 504, and the telescopic seat 501 is fixedly connected to the housing 1; the normally open clutch drum 401 and the connecting member 503 can be integrated, that is, they can be processed as a whole.

[0028] A plurality of axially splined elongated protrusions 801 are provided on the inner periphery of the right side of the top plate 8, and a plurality of axially concave grooves 308 corresponding to the axially splined elongated protrusions 801 are provided on the left side of the normally closed clutch drum 3. The axially splined elongated protrusions 801 penetrate into the axially concave grooves 308, thereby forming an axial sliding and rotational transmission connection between the top plate and the normally closed clutch.

[0029] A baffle 10 is provided on the right side of the inner periphery of the actuator 2, and the push plate 6 is slidingly connected to the baffle 10 through the inner periphery spline, and the baffle 10 is fixedly connected to the housing 1; when the actuator 2 is a piston device, a return spring 11 is provided between the baffle 10 and the piston 12, and one end of the return spring 11 abuts against the baffle 10, and the other end abuts against the piston 12.

[0030] The working method of the dual clutch of the present invention, In the initial state S1, the actuator does not apply thrust to the push plate, and the push plate is in the leftmost position. The first inner plate and the first outer plate of the normally closed clutch are in a coupled state under the action of the first elastic body. The butterfly spring assembly pushes the telescopic plate to the leftmost position. The normally open clutch is not under pressure and is in a disengaged state. S2. The actuator gradually applies rightward pressure to the push plate until it reaches the designed maximum value: the actuator pushes the normally closed clutch to the right through the first piston, push plate, first end bearing, top plate, pressure plate, first elastic body, and normally closed clutch drum in sequence, eliminating the gap between the normally closed clutch drum, second end bearing, telescopic plate, connecting piece and first clamping plate, so that the normally closed clutch drum is supported on the butterfly spring through the second end bearing, telescopic plate, connecting piece and first clamping plate. After that, the thrust of the actuator acts on the pressure plate, causing the pressure of the pressure plate on the first friction pair to gradually decrease until The normally closed clutch is completely disengaged. Correspondingly, when the pressure exerted by the normally closed clutch drum on the telescopic plate through the second end bearing is greater than the initial pressure of the telescopic device, the gap between the second inner plate and the second outer plate of the normally open clutch gradually decreases until it is completely eliminated. Then, the pressure between the second inner plate and the second outer plate gradually increases until it reaches the design value. That is, when the actuator gradually applies rightward pressure to the push plate until it reaches the design value, the normally open clutch gradually engages from completely disengaged, and the engagement force gradually increases to fully engaged. Correspondingly, the normally closed clutch gradually reduces the engagement force from engaged to completely disengaged. S3. The actuator moves from right to left to its initial position: the pressure exerted by the actuator on the second friction pair through the push plate, telescopic plate, etc. gradually decreases. When the rightward force exerted by the actuator on the telescopic plate is less than the thrust of the butterfly spring group acting on the telescopic plate through the first clamping plate and the connecting piece, the telescopic plate begins to stretch to the left, and the second inner plate and the second outer plate of the normally open clutch gradually separate until they are completely separated. Correspondingly, the thrust exerted by the actuator on the pressure plate through the push plate, top plate, etc. gradually decreases. When the thrust exerted by the actuator on the pressure plate is less than the elastic force of the first elastic body, the pressure plate is gradually pressed toward the first friction pair under the action of the elastic force of the first elastic body, causing the normally closed clutch to gradually engage until it is fully engaged; that is, when the actuator moves from right to left to its initial position, the normally open clutch gradually reduces its engagement force from fully engaged to fully separated, and correspondingly, the normally closed clutch gradually increases its engagement force from fully separated to fully engaged.

[0031] The beneficial effects of the dual clutch and the working method of the present invention are as follows: 1. One actuator controls two clutches, saving costs, reducing energy consumption, and reducing size; 2. Use traditional materials to facilitate quality control and improve manufacturing efficiency; 3. Easy to control, easy to achieve fast and smooth shifting without power interruption during the shifting process, and has a foolproof effect to prevent the two clutches from disengaging or engaging at the same time; 4. When one of the two clutches is engaged and the other is braking, the normally open clutch can be designed as a braking mechanism. In this way, the fluid flow pipe of the fluid actuator is directly set on the housing without passing through the intermediate shaft, which reduces the difficulty of dynamic sealing and avoids energy loss caused by the rotation of the transmission shaft during dynamic sealing, further reducing energy consumption; 5. Since the clutch device can be pre-closed with a spring, there are many types of actuators to choose from. Almost all types of actuators are applicable, and no additional friction loss is required for either clutching or braking. 6. The actuating structure of the normally closed clutch and the normally open clutch is cleverly designed, which can solve the problems of movement at low speed and excessive slip and wear of the clutch.

[0032] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dual clutch, characterized by: It includes a shell, an actuator, a push plate, a top plate, a normally closed clutch, a normally open clutch and a telescopic device which are axially arranged in sequence from left to right in the shell. The normally closed clutch and the normally open clutch are linked to each other. The actuator and the telescopic device are relatively arranged and apply relative forces to the push plate, the top plate, the normally closed clutch and the normally open clutch, so that when the normally closed clutch is engaged, the linked normally open clutch is disengaged, and when the normally open clutch is engaged, the linked normally closed clutch is disengaged.

2. The dual clutch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The normally closed clutch includes a normally closed clutch drum and a normally closed clutch hub, a pressure plate is arranged between the normally closed clutch drum and the normally closed clutch hub, the pressure plate and the normally closed clutch drum are axially slidingly connected and rotationally transmitted connected, a plurality of first elastomers are arranged between the normally closed clutch drum and the pressure plate, the two ends of the first elastomer respectively abut the normally closed clutch drum and the pressure plate, a first friction pair is arranged on the left side of the pressure plate, the first friction pair includes a plurality of first outer plates and a plurality of first inner plates, the first outer plates and the first inner plates are staggered, the outer periphery of the first outer plate is slidingly connected to the normally closed clutch drum through a spline, the inner periphery of the first inner plate is slidingly connected to the normally closed clutch hub through a spline, a support plate is arranged on the left side of the first friction pair, the outer periphery of the support plate is fixedly connected to the normally closed clutch drum; the first friction pair is clamped between the pressure plate and the support plate.

3. The dual clutch according to claim 2, characterized in that: The normally open clutch includes a normally open clutch drum and a normally open clutch hub, a second friction pair is arranged between the normally open clutch drum and the normally open clutch hub, the second friction pair includes a second outer plate and a second inner plate, the second outer plate and the second inner plate are arranged alternately, the outer periphery of the second outer plate is slidingly connected to the normally open clutch drum through a spline, the inner periphery of the second inner plate is slidingly connected to the normally open clutch hub through a spline, and the normally closed clutch drum is slidingly connected to the normally open clutch hub through a spline.

4. The dual clutch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic device is a component composed of more than one elastic body.

5. The dual clutch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic device is a butterfly spring assembly. In the initial state, the telescopic device has initial tension to prevent the normally open clutch from being subjected to pressure from the actuator in the initial stage of opening the normally closed clutch. When the pressure applied to the telescopic device exceeds the initial tension, the telescopic plate contracts to the right. The telescopic plate contracts until there is no gap between the second outer plate and the second inner plate and no longer contracts, so that the second outer plate and the second inner plate are gradually pressed until the normally open clutch is fully engaged; the telescopic device extends as the rightward force of the actuator decreases, and the return direction of the telescopic device is opposite to that of the actuator.

6. The dual clutch according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The telescopic device consists of a telescopic seat, a telescopic plate, a connecting piece, a first clamping plate, a second clamping plate, a butterfly spring and a positioning bolt. Several butterfly spring groups are arranged between the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate, and each group is provided with a positioning bolt. The positioning bolt passes through the first clamping plate, the butterfly spring and the second clamping plate and is fixed to the telescopic seat. The first clamping plate, the butterfly spring and the positioning bolt are slidably connected. An annular limit groove is opened on the right side of the outer periphery of the telescopic plate, and the left end of the connecting piece is inserted into the annular groove limit of the telescopic plate.

7. The dual clutch according to claim 6, characterized in that: The left end of the connecting piece is fixedly connected to the telescopic plate, the right end of the connecting piece is fixedly connected to the first clamping plate, and the telescopic seat is fixedly connected to the housing; the normally open clutch drum and the connecting piece are processed integrally.

8. The dual clutch according to claim 7, characterized in that: A plurality of axial spline-shaped elongated protrusions are provided on the inner periphery of the right side of the top plate, and a plurality of axially concave grooves corresponding to the axial spline-shaped elongated protrusions are provided on the left side of the normally closed clutch drum. The axial spline-shaped elongated protrusions penetrate into the axially concave grooves, thereby forming an axial sliding and rotational transmission connection between the top plate and the normally closed clutch.

9. The dual clutch according to claim 8, characterized in that: The outer periphery of the pressure plate is radially provided with a plurality of radial toothed protrusions corresponding to the axially concave grooves of the normally closed clutch drum. The radial toothed protrusions pass through the axially concave grooves on the normally closed clutch drum to form an axial sliding and rotational transmission connection, and the left side of the radial toothed protrusion of the pressure plate abuts against the right side of the axial spline-shaped elongated protrusion of the top plate; a baffle is provided on the right side of the inner periphery of the actuator, and the push plate is slidably connected to the baffle through the inner periphery spline, and the baffle is fixedly connected to the housing; when the actuator is a piston device, a return spring is provided between the baffle and the piston, and one end of the return spring abuts against the baffle, and the other end abuts against the piston.

10. A method for operating a dual clutch according to any one of claims 2 to 9, characterized in that: In the initial state S1, the actuator does not apply thrust to the push plate, and the push plate is in the leftmost position. The first inner plate and the first outer plate of the normally closed clutch are in a coupled state under the action of the first elastic body. The butterfly spring assembly pushes the telescopic plate to the leftmost position. The normally open clutch is not under pressure and is in a disengaged state. S2. The actuator gradually applies rightward pressure to the push plate until it reaches the designed maximum value: the actuator pushes the normally closed clutch to the right through the first piston, push plate, first end bearing, top plate, pressure plate, first elastic body, and normally closed clutch drum in sequence, eliminating the gap between the normally closed clutch drum, second end bearing, telescopic plate, connecting piece and first clamping plate, so that the normally closed clutch drum is supported on the butterfly spring through the second end bearing, telescopic plate, connecting piece and first clamping plate. After that, the thrust of the actuator acts on the pressure plate, causing the pressure of the pressure plate on the first friction pair to gradually decrease until The normally closed clutch is completely disengaged. Correspondingly, when the pressure exerted by the normally closed clutch drum on the telescopic plate through the second end bearing is greater than the initial pressure of the telescopic device, the gap between the second inner plate and the second outer plate of the normally open clutch gradually decreases until it is completely eliminated. Then, the pressure between the second inner plate and the second outer plate gradually increases until it reaches the design value. That is, when the actuator gradually applies rightward pressure to the push plate until it reaches the design value, the normally open clutch gradually engages from completely disengaged, and the engagement force gradually increases to fully engaged. Correspondingly, the normally closed clutch gradually reduces the engagement force from engaged to completely disengaged. S3. The actuator moves from right to left to its initial position: the pressure exerted by the actuator on the second friction pair through the push plate and the telescopic plate gradually decreases. When the rightward force exerted by the actuator on the telescopic plate is less than the thrust of the butterfly spring group acting on the telescopic plate through the first clamping plate and the connecting piece, the telescopic plate begins to stretch to the left, and the second inner plate and the second outer plate of the normally open clutch gradually separate until they are completely separated. Correspondingly, the thrust exerted by the actuator on the pressure plate through the push plate and the top plate gradually decreases. When the thrust exerted by the actuator on the pressure plate is less than the elastic force of the first elastic body, the pressure plate is gradually pressed toward the first friction pair under the action of the elastic force of the first elastic body, causing the normally closed clutch to gradually engage until it is fully engaged; that is, when the actuator moves from right to left to its initial position, the normally open clutch gradually reduces its binding force from fully engaged to fully separated, and correspondingly, the normally closed clutch gradually increases its binding force from fully separated to fully engaged.

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