A longitudinal tension test load device and test method for super-tonnage lifting hooks

Abstract

The application discloses a longitudinal tension test load device for a super-large tonnage hook and a test method, which comprises a foundation bearing platform, the top surface of the foundation bearing platform is provided with a load test cabin body, and the top surface of the load test cabin body is fixedly installed with a plurality of hoisting lug seats for hoisting. Through mutual cooperation of a servo driving motor, a precision ball screw, a longitudinal sliding base, a main loading hydraulic cylinder, an adjustable support frame, a sliding bearing frame, a main locking connecting rod, a connecting rod support frame, a gear transmission block, a sector meshing gear, a driven connecting rod mechanism, a self-adaptive clamping module, a lateral installation flange and a self-locking limiting plate, the position of the adjustable support frame on the hook claw can be adjusted for multiple tests, an industrial endoscope can detect cracks on the surface of the hook during the test process, a laser displacement sensor can monitor the deformation of the hook claw, and a worker can use an ultrasonic flaw detector to detect the hook, so that the test effect of the hook is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of large-tonnage crane hook technology, specifically to a longitudinal tensile test load device and test method for ultra-large-tonnage crane hooks. Background Technology

[0002] As a core component of lifting machinery, offshore hooks are widely used in ports, offshore fields, and other areas. Ultra-large tonnage offshore hooks refer to hooks with a lifting capacity of 2,000 tons and above, which are usually used in offshore floating cranes, offshore platform heavy lifting, and other marine engineering equipment. The design and manufacture of these hooks need to meet extremely high requirements for strength, durability, and safety to cope with harsh marine environments and complex operating conditions. With the development of industrial technology, the requirements for the load-bearing capacity, fatigue life, and manufacturing precision of offshore hooks are increasing. Ultra-large tonnage offshore hooks are an indispensable key piece of equipment in the field of marine engineering, and their design and manufacture need to meet extremely high technical standards and safety requirements.

[0003] Extensive research revealed that existing technologies only offer tensile testing equipment for 3000t hooks, with very few manufacturers capable of testing hooks of 3500t and above. While our company has independently designed specialized tooling and testing solutions, the accuracy of results obtained from testing individual locations on the hook varies due to the different positions of the loads attached during hook use. Furthermore, post-test inspections require monitoring not only surface cracks but also deformation of multiple hook claws and internal cracks, resulting in suboptimal test outcomes. Therefore, based on the aforementioned research and existing technologies, we propose a longitudinal tensile testing load device and method for ultra-large tonnage hooks to address these issues. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a longitudinal tensile test load device for ultra-large tonnage hooks to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A longitudinal tensile test load device for ultra-large tonnage hooks includes: a foundation bearing platform, a load test chamber is provided on the top surface of the foundation bearing platform, a number of lifting lugs for lifting are fixedly installed on the top surface of the load test chamber, and two chamber reinforcing longitudinal beams are installed on the left and right sides of the load test chamber.

[0007] A tensile testing assembly is disposed on the inner top surface of the load test chamber and is used to perform a longitudinal tensile test on the hook;

[0008] The tensile testing assembly includes a central support column, which is fixedly installed on the top surface inside the load test chamber. An industrial endoscope for detecting surface cracks in the hook is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the central support column. The interior of the load test chamber contains several movable longitudinal sliding bases. An adjustable universal adjustment platform is installed on the bottom surface of each longitudinal sliding base. Two main loading hydraulic cylinders are fixedly installed on the bottom surface of each universal adjustment platform. An adjustable support frame is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the telescopic shafts of the two main loading hydraulic cylinders. Leveling tension cables are installed on all four sides of the foundation bearing platform. A sensor mounting box is fixedly installed at the upper end of each leveling tension cable. A laser displacement sensor is fixedly installed on the front side of the sensor mounting box, and an electromagnetic adsorption module is fixedly installed on the rear side of the sensor mounting box.

[0009] As a further option for the longitudinal tensile test load device for ultra-large tonnage hooks, the tensile test assembly also includes several precision ball screws, which are rotatably connected to the four sides of the central support column. Servo drive motors for driving the rotation of the precision ball screws are installed on all four sides of the load test chamber. The precision ball screws are threadedly connected to the longitudinal sliding base. Lateral mounting flanges are fixedly installed on all four sides of the central support column. Several self-locking limit plates are fixedly installed on both sides of the lateral mounting flanges. Two connecting rod support frames are fixedly installed on the top surface of the longitudinal sliding base. A main locking connecting rod is rotatably connected inside the connecting rod support frame. Two linear guide rail mounting brackets are fixedly installed on the top surface of the angle linkage joint. A driven connecting rod mechanism is slidably connected to the front side of the linear guide rail mounting bracket. Sliding counterweights are fixedly installed on both sides of the moving linkage mechanism. The lower end of the main locking linkage is rotatably connected to the two sliding counterweights. Adaptive clamping modules are symmetrically installed on both sides of the two driven linkage mechanisms. The adaptive clamping modules are movably engaged with the self-locking limit plate. A telescopic movable frame is rotatably connected to the main locking linkage on the left side. An electric linear actuator is fixedly installed on the right side of the telescopic movable frame. One end of the telescopic shaft of the electric linear actuator is universally connected to a sliding bearing frame. The sliding bearing frame is rotatably connected to the main locking linkage on the right side. Gear transmission blocks are fixedly installed on both sides of the two main locking linkages. A sector gear is fixedly installed on one side of the gear transmission block. The two sector gears are meshed together. Two audible and visual alarm devices are fixedly installed on one side of the load test chamber.

[0010] As a further option for the longitudinal tensile test load device for ultra-large tonnage hooks, a ball joint positioning shaft is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the longitudinal sliding base. The upper end of the ball joint positioning shaft is universally connected to the bottom surface of the universal adjustment base. Several hydraulic cylinder mounting supports are fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the longitudinal sliding base. An angle adjustment hydraulic cylinder is rotatably connected inside the hydraulic cylinder mounting supports. Several angle linkage joints are fixedly installed on both the left and right sides of the universal adjustment base. One end of the telescopic shaft of the angle adjustment hydraulic cylinder is rotatably connected to two of the angle linkage joints.

[0011] As a further option for the longitudinal tensile test load device for ultra-large tonnage hooks, a linear guide rail pair is fixedly installed on the front side of the linear guide rail pair mounting bracket, and a guide rail slider assembly is fixedly installed on the rear side of the adaptive clamping module. The linear guide rail pair and the guide rail slider assembly are slidably connected.

[0012] As a further option for the longitudinal tensile test load device for ultra-large tonnage hooks, a guide sleeve is fixedly installed on the top surface of the foundation bearing platform, an auxiliary leveling hydraulic cylinder is fixedly installed on the top surface of the foundation bearing platform, a pressure-bearing damping block is fixedly installed on the top surface of the telescopic shaft of the auxiliary leveling hydraulic cylinder, several hydraulic bases are fixedly installed on the outer circular wall of the guide sleeve, a leveling linkage rod is rotatably connected between every two hydraulic bases, several curved contact pressure plates are provided on the outer circular wall of the guide sleeve, a curved support frame is fixedly installed on the inner circular wall of the curved contact pressure plates, one end of the leveling linkage rod is rotatably connected to the curved support frame, several auxiliary positioning blocks are fixedly installed on the outer circular wall of each pressure-bearing damping block, an elastic buffer link is rotatably connected between every two auxiliary positioning blocks, and the lower end of the elastic buffer link is rotatably connected to the curved support frame.

[0013] As a further option for the longitudinal tensile test load device for ultra-large tonnage hooks, two guide optical shafts are fixedly installed on each of the four sides of the central support column. One side of the guide optical shaft is fixedly connected to the inner side of the load test chamber, and the longitudinal sliding base is slidably connected to the guide optical shaft.

[0014] As a further option for the longitudinal tensile test load device for ultra-large tonnage hooks, the outer circular wall of the curved contact pressure plate is fixedly installed with an anti-slip buffer layer to increase friction, and the top surface of the foundation bearing platform is provided with several wire-passing sealing sleeves.

[0015] A test method for longitudinal tensile load on ultra-large tonnage lifting hooks includes the following steps:

[0016] S1: Place the hook on the foundation support platform and drive the auxiliary leveling hydraulic cylinder to expand and fix the inner wall of the hook by the curved contact plate;

[0017] S2: Hoist the load test chamber to above the hook, and fix the sensor mounting box to the outside of the hook claw using the electromagnetic adsorption module;

[0018] S3: Start the main loading hydraulic cylinder to apply longitudinal pressure to the hook claw, adjust the position of the longitudinal sliding base through the servo drive motor, and use the adaptive locking mechanism to lock the base and share the load;

[0019] S4: Surface cracks are detected by an industrial endoscope, deformation is monitored by a laser displacement sensor, and internal cracks are scanned by an ultrasonic flaw detector, triggering an audible and visual alarm device.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] 1. Using the established foundation support platform, the staff fixes the hook to the foundation support platform and hoists the load test chamber above the foundation support platform. By cooperating with the leveling tension cable, electromagnetic adsorption module, sensor mounting box and laser displacement sensor, the laser displacement sensor can be installed on the hook claw.

[0022] By cooperating with the main loading hydraulic cylinder and the adjustable support frame, pressure can be applied to the hook on the foundation bearing platform. Through the coordinated operation of the servo drive motor, precision ball screw, longitudinal sliding base, main loading hydraulic cylinder, adjustable support frame, sliding bearing frame, main locking linkage, linkage support frame, gear transmission block, sector gear, driven linkage mechanism, adaptive clamping module, lateral mounting flange, and self-locking limit plate, the position of the adjustable support frame on the hook claw can be adjusted for multiple tests. The driven linkage mechanism and adaptive clamping module work together to stabilize the position of the longitudinal sliding base on the precision ball screw, further enabling adjustment of the adjustable support frame's position on the hook. During the test, an industrial endoscope detects cracks on the hook surface, while a laser displacement sensor monitors the deformation of the hook claw. Correspondingly, after each test, workers need to use an ultrasonic flaw detector to inspect the hook for cracks in the inner wall, achieving the desired test effect and facilitating load testing of ultra-large tonnage hooks. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the sensor mounting box and the leveling tension cable of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the elastic buffer link and the curved support frame of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4This is a rear view schematic diagram of the connection structure between the electromagnetic adsorption module and the sensor mounting box of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a bottom view of the connection structure between the central support column and the load test chamber of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 6 A bottom view schematic diagram of the connection structure between the longitudinal sliding base and the universal adjustment base of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A magnified schematic diagram of a portion of the structure of A in the diagram;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a bottom view schematic diagram of the mounting structure of the longitudinal sliding base and linear guide pair mounting bracket of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 9 for Figure 8 A magnified schematic diagram of a portion of the structure of B;

[0032] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the driven linkage mechanism and linear guide pair mounting bracket structure of the present invention.

[0033] In the diagram: 1. Foundation bearing platform; 2. Load test chamber; 3. Lifting lugs; 4. Chamber reinforcing longitudinal beams; 5. Tensile testing assembly; 6. Leveling tension cable; 7. Sensor mounting box; 8. Laser displacement sensor; 9. Pressure damping block; 10. Guide sleeve; 11. Hydraulic base; 12. Leveling linkage rod; 13. Auxiliary leveling hydraulic cylinder; 14. Curved support frame; 15. Curved contact pressure plate; 16. Elastic buffer linkage; 17. Electromagnetic adsorption module; 18. Central support column; 19. Industrial endoscope; 20. Longitudinal sliding base; 21. Precision ball screw; 22. Guide optical axis; 23. Lateral mounting flange; 24. Universal adjustment base; 25. Main loading hydraulic cylinder; 26. 1. Adjustable support frame; 27. Ball joint positioning shaft; 28. Hydraulic cylinder mounting bracket; 29. ​​Angle-adjustable hydraulic cylinder; 30. Angle linkage joint; 31. Linear guide rail pair mounting bracket; 32. Self-locking limit plate; 33. Linkage support frame; 34. Gear transmission block; 35. Sector meshing gear; 36. Main locking linkage; 37. Sliding bearing frame; 38. Electric linear actuator; 39. Telescopic movable frame; 40. Sliding counterweight; 41. Driven linkage mechanism; 42. Adaptive clamping module; 43. Linear guide rail pair; 44. Guide rail slider assembly; 45. Audible and visual alarm device; 46. Servo drive motor; 47. Auxiliary positioning block; 48. Anti-slip buffer layer; 49. Wire sealing sleeve. Detailed Implementation

[0034] This invention relates to a longitudinal tensile testing device and method for ultra-large tonnage crane hooks, aiming to provide a device capable of comprehensively evaluating the longitudinal tensile capacity of crane hooks under actual working conditions. With the development of industrial technology, ultra-large tonnage crane hooks are widely used in lifting equipment, bridge construction, shipbuilding, and other fields. Their safety and reliability are directly related to the safe operation of the entire project. Therefore, rigorous longitudinal tensile testing of crane hooks is a crucial step in ensuring their quality. Traditional crane hook tensile testing methods have many shortcomings, such as complex testing device structures, cumbersome operation, low testing accuracy, and inability to simulate actual working conditions. To address these issues, this invention proposes a novel longitudinal tensile testing device. By integrating multiple hydraulic loading systems, a precision displacement detection module, an automated control unit, and an adjustable support frame, it can conduct comprehensive and accurate longitudinal tensile tests on crane hooks, while possessing high safety, high adaptability, and high reliability. This specification will describe in detail the specific embodiments of this invention, including the structural composition of the device, the function of each component, the working principle, and the testing method. Through the disclosure of this specification, those skilled in the art can fully understand the technical solution of this invention and implement it accordingly.

[0035] In one typical implementation of this application, please refer to Figures 1-10 A longitudinal tensile test load device and test method for ultra-large tonnage hooks, comprising: a foundation bearing platform 1, a load test chamber 2, a lifting lug 3, a chamber reinforcing longitudinal beam 4, a tensile test assembly 5, a leveling tension cable 6, a sensor mounting box 7, a laser displacement sensor 8, an electromagnetic adsorption module 17, a main loading hydraulic cylinder 25, an adjustable support frame 26, a precision ball screw 21, a servo drive motor 46, a longitudinal sliding base 20, a universal adjustment base 24, an angle adjustment hydraulic cylinder 29, an angle linkage joint 30, a lateral mounting flange 23, and a self-locking limit plate 3. 2. Linkage support frame 33, main locking link 36, driven link mechanism 41, sliding counterweight block 40, adaptive clamping module 42, telescopic movable frame 39, electric linear actuator 38, sliding bearing frame 37, gear transmission block 34, sector meshing gear 35, audible and visual alarm device 45, PLC controller, guide optical axis 22, hydraulic base 11, leveling linkage rod 12, pressure-bearing damping block 9, auxiliary positioning block 47, elastic buffer link 16, curved surface contact pressure plate 15, curved surface support frame 14, anti-slip buffer layer 48, wire sealing sleeve 49.

[0036] The aforementioned components, through precise design and reasonable layout, together constitute an efficient, stable, and adjustable longitudinal tensile testing system, capable of meeting the testing requirements of ultra-large tonnage hooks.

[0037] In one possible implementation, a base bearing platform 1 is provided, and a load test chamber 2 is provided on the top surface of the base bearing platform 1. A hook is placed on the base bearing platform 1. Several lifting lugs 3 for lifting are fixedly installed on the top surface of the load test chamber 2. The load test chamber 2 can be lifted by placing the hook into the lifting lugs 3. Two chamber reinforcing longitudinal beams 4 are bolted to both the left and right sides of the load test chamber 2. The chamber reinforcing longitudinal beams 4 can support the load test chamber 2. The tensile test assembly 5 is set on the top surface inside the load test chamber 2 for performing longitudinal tensile tests on the hook.

[0038] Specifically, the foundation bearing platform 1 is the supporting foundation of the entire test device. Its main function is to provide a stable installation position for the hook and to withstand the reaction force generated during the test.

[0039] Alternatively, the base support platform 1 is made of high-strength steel with a surface treated for corrosion protection to enhance its durability and stability, providing a stable installation platform for the hook and ensuring the hook is fixed during the test.

[0040] In one possible implementation, the tensile testing assembly 5 includes a central support column 18, which is fixedly installed on the top surface inside the load test chamber 2. An industrial endoscope 19 for detecting cracks on the surface of the hook is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the central support column 18. The industrial endoscope 19 can perform visual inspection on the surface of the hook.

[0041] based on Figure 1 and Figure 5 In one possible implementation, the interior of the load test chamber 2 is provided with several movable longitudinal sliding bases 20. The bottom surface of the longitudinal sliding base 20 is equipped with an adjustable angle universal adjustment platform 24. The bottom surface of the universal adjustment platform 24 is fixedly installed with two main loading hydraulic cylinders 25. The bottom surface of the telescopic shafts of the two main loading hydraulic cylinders 25 is fixedly installed with an adjustable support frame 26.

[0042] According to the above implementation method, specifically, the adjustable support frame 26 is driven to move downward by the main loading hydraulic cylinder 25. The downward movement of the adjustable support frame 26 applies pressure to the four-jaw hook on the foundation bearing platform 1, thereby conducting a longitudinal tensile test on the hook.

[0043] The four sides of the basic support platform 1 are bolted with leveling tension cables 6. The upper end of the leveling tension cable 6 is fixedly installed with a sensor mounting box 7. The front side of the sensor mounting box 7 is fixedly installed with a laser displacement sensor 8, and the rear side of the sensor mounting box 7 is fixedly installed with an electromagnetic adsorption module 17. The electromagnetic adsorption module 17 is a strong magnet. The sensor mounting box 7 can be adsorbed to the outside of the hook claw through the electromagnetic adsorption module 17. The laser displacement sensor 8 can directly measure the position change of the four-claw hook claw and can detect the deformation of the four-claw hook under the action of tension in a timely manner.

[0044] In one possible implementation, the tensile testing assembly 5 further includes several precision ball screws 21, which are rotatably connected to the four sides of the central support column 18 via bearings. Servo drive motors 46 for driving the precision ball screws 21 to rotate are installed on the four sides of the load test chamber 2. The drive shaft of the servo drive motor 46 passes through the load test chamber 2 and is fixedly connected to one end of the precision ball screw 21. The precision ball screw 21 is threadedly connected to the longitudinal sliding base 20.

[0045] Based on the above structure, the optional working principle includes: the servo drive motor 46 drives the precision ball screw 21 to rotate, and the rotation of the precision ball screw 21 causes the longitudinal sliding base 20 to move the main loading hydraulic cylinder 25 and the adjustable support frame 26, thereby changing the position of the adjustable support frame 26 on the hook claw, and thus changing the test position of the hook tension test.

[0046] In one possible implementation, lateral mounting flanges 23 are fixedly installed on all four sides of the central support column 18, and several self-locking limit plates 32 are fixedly installed on both sides of the lateral mounting flanges 23.

[0047] Specifically, two connecting rod support frames 33 are fixedly installed on the top surface of the longitudinal sliding base 20, and the main locking connecting rod 36 is rotatably connected inside the connecting rod support frame 33 through a rotating shaft.

[0048] Specifically, two linear guide rail mounting brackets 31 are fixedly installed on the top surface of the angle linkage joint 30. A driven linkage mechanism 41 is slidably connected to the front side of the linear guide rail mounting bracket 31. Sliding counterweights 40 are fixedly installed on both sides of the driven linkage mechanism 41.

[0049] Specifically, the lower end of the main locking link 36 is rotatably connected to two sliding counterweights 40 via a rotating shaft, and adaptive clamping modules 42 are symmetrically installed on both sides of the two driven link mechanisms 41. The adaptive clamping modules 42 are movably engaged with the self-locking limit plate 32.

[0050] Specifically, a telescopic movable frame 39 is rotatably connected to the main locking link 36 on the left side via a rotating shaft, and an electric linear actuator 38 is fixedly installed on the right side of the telescopic movable frame 39. One end of the telescopic shaft of the electric linear actuator 38 is connected to a sliding support frame 37 via a universal joint, and the sliding support frame 37 is rotatably connected to the main locking link 36 on the right side via a rotating shaft.

[0051] Specifically, gear transmission blocks 34 are fixedly installed on both sides of the two main locking linkages 36 symmetrically, and sector meshing gears 35 are fixedly installed on one side of the gear transmission blocks 34, and the two sector meshing gears 35 are meshed together.

[0052] Based on the above structure, the optional working principle includes: after adjusting the position of the adjustable support frame 26 on the hook using the precision ball screw 21, the longitudinal sliding base 20, and the servo drive motor 46, the telescopic axis of the electric linear actuator 38 retracts inward, causing the two main locking rods 36 to rotate inward, simultaneously engaging the two sector gears 35. The inward movement of the main locking rods 36 causes the driven linkage mechanism 41 and the adaptive clamping module 42 to move and engage with the self-locking limit plate 32, determining the position of the longitudinal sliding base 20, sharing the load of the precision ball screw 21, reducing the wear of the precision ball screw 21, and improving the accuracy of adjusting the position of the main loading hydraulic cylinder 25 and the adjustable support frame 26.

[0053] In one possible implementation, two audible and visual alarm devices 45 are fixedly installed on one side of the load test chamber 2, and the two audible and visual alarm devices 45 correspond to the industrial endoscope 19 and the laser displacement sensor 8, respectively.

[0054] In one possible implementation, a PLC controller is fixedly mounted on one side of the load test chamber 2. The electric linear drive 38, the main loading hydraulic cylinder 25, the audible and visual alarm device 45, and the driven linkage mechanism 41 are all electrically connected to the PLC controller.

[0055] In this method, workers fix the hook to the base support platform 1 and use a crane to hoist the load test chamber 2 above it. Workers then install the chamber's reinforcing longitudinal beams 4 on the side of the load test chamber 2 to support it. Workers move the sensor mounting box 7 using the leveling tension cable 6 and place it on the side of the four-jaw hook. The electromagnetic adsorption module 17 on the side of the sensor mounting box 7 can attract the hook, thereby mounting the laser displacement sensor 8 on the hook's jaws.

[0056] In this synchronous manner, the operator activates the main loading hydraulic cylinder 25 via the PLC controller. The telescopic axes of the two main loading hydraulic cylinders 25 move downwards, causing the adjustable support frame 26 to move downwards. The downward movement of the adjustable support frame 26 applies pressure to the hook claws on the foundation support platform 1. During the test, the industrial endoscope 19 can photograph the hook. If the industrial endoscope 19 detects a crack on the hook, the PLC controller activates the audible and visual alarm device 45 corresponding to the industrial endoscope 19. If the hook deforms during the test, the hook claws will displace, causing the laser displacement sensor 8 to shift. After the laser displacement sensor 8 detects the displacement, the PLC controller will activate the audible and visual alarm device 45 corresponding to the laser displacement sensor 8, thus distinguishing between the displacement of the hook claws and surface cracks.

[0057] As a supplement, the output of the four main loading hydraulic cylinders 25 and the adjustable support frame 26 can be individually adjusted by adjusting the hydraulic pressure of multiple main loading hydraulic cylinders 25. After each test, the staff also needs to scan the hook with an ultrasonic flaw detector to detect cracks inside the hook.

[0058] In one possible operational process, since the loading point of the goods on the hook varies each time during actual use, multiple tests of the hook are required to accurately reflect actual usage. The operator starts the servo drive motor 46 via the PLC controller. The drive shaft of the servo drive motor 46 rotates, causing the precision ball screw 21 to rotate. The rotation of the precision ball screw 21 causes the longitudinal sliding base 20 to move along it. This movement of the longitudinal sliding base 20, in turn, moves the main loading hydraulic cylinder 25 and the adjustable support frame 26, adjusting the position of the adjustable support frame 26 on the hook's claw.

[0059] As a supplement to the above operation process, after adjusting the main loading hydraulic cylinder 25 and the adjustable support frame 26 to the test position, the PLC controller starts the electric linear actuator 38. The inward retraction of the telescopic axis of the electric linear actuator 38 drives the right main locking link 36 to rotate inward in the link support frame 33 via the sliding support frame 37. The inward movement of the telescopic axis of the electric linear actuator 38 also causes the telescopic movable frame 39 to drive the left main locking link 36 to rotate inward in the link support frame 33. The inward rotation of the two main locking links 36 drives the sector meshing gear 35 to rotate inward via the gear transmission block 34. Two sector gears 35 mesh with each other to restrict the rotation of the main locking link 36. The inward rotation of the two main locking links 36 also causes them to move inward via the sliding counterweight 40, driving the two sets of driven linkage mechanisms 41 and the adaptive clamping module 42. The adaptive clamping module 42 moves inward and engages with the self-locking limit plate 32 on the lateral mounting flange 23. At this time, the driven linkage mechanism 41 and the adaptive clamping module 42 work together to stabilize the position of the longitudinal sliding base 20 on the precision ball screw 21, sharing the load on the precision ball screw 21. This reduces the possibility of damage to the precision ball screw 21 and improves the stability of the main loading hydraulic cylinder 25 and the adjustable support frame 26 during movement.

[0060] The above operations further adjust the position of the adjustable support frame 26 on the hook. Then, the main loading hydraulic cylinder 25 is activated and works in conjunction with the adjustable support frame 26 to test other positions on the hook claw. During the test, the industrial endoscope 19 detects cracks on the hook surface, while the laser displacement sensor 8 monitors the deformation of the claw. Correspondingly, after each test, personnel need to use an ultrasonic flaw detector to inspect the hook for flaws to determine whether there are cracks in the inner wall of the hook, thereby conducting a longitudinal tensile test on the hook to achieve the desired testing effect.

[0061] During this process, pressure is applied to the hook through four sets of main loading hydraulic cylinders 25 and adjustable support frame 26, thereby conducting a longitudinal tensile test on the hook. Simultaneously, the test positions of the main loading hydraulic cylinders 25 and adjustable support frame 26 on the hook are adjusted by the servo drive motor 46 and precision ball screw 21. The driven linkage mechanism 41 and adaptive clamping module 42, in conjunction with the electric linear actuator 38, engage with the self-locking limit plate 32 on the lateral mounting flange 23. This stabilizes the positions of the main loading hydraulic cylinders 25 and adjustable support frame 26. By adjusting the positions of the main loading hydraulic cylinders 25 and adjustable support frame 26, the stress on the hook during actual use is simulated by adjusting the test position of the hook. During the test, surface cracks, hook claw deformation, and internal cracks of the hook are detected using an industrial endoscope 19, laser displacement sensor 8, and ultrasonic flaw detector, which helps in conducting load tests on ultra-large tonnage hooks.

[0062] In one possible implementation, a ball joint positioning shaft 27 is fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the longitudinal sliding base 20, and the upper end of the ball joint positioning shaft 27 is connected to the bottom surface of the universal adjustment base 24 through a universal joint.

[0063] Specifically, several hydraulic cylinder mounting supports 28 are fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the longitudinal sliding base 20. Angle-adjusting hydraulic cylinders 29 are rotatably connected inside the hydraulic cylinder mounting supports 28 via rotating shafts. Several angle linkage joints 30 are fixedly installed on both the left and right sides of the universal adjustment base 24. One end of the telescopic shaft of the angle-adjusting hydraulic cylinder 29 is rotatably connected to two angle linkage joints 30 via a rotating shaft. The angle-adjusting hydraulic cylinder 29 is electrically connected to the PLC controller.

[0064] Based on the above structure, in one possible implementation, the telescopic shaft movement of the angle-adjusting hydraulic cylinders 29 on both sides of the universal adjustment base 24 causes the universal adjustment base 24 to rotate around the ball joint positioning axis 27. The rotation of the longitudinal sliding base 20 changes the angle of the main loading hydraulic cylinder 25 and the adjustable support frame 26, thereby adjusting the output angle while maintaining the overall longitudinal direction.

[0065] Preferably, a main loading hydraulic cylinder 25 and an adjustable support frame 26 are used. When conducting a longitudinal tensile test on the hook using the output of the main loading hydraulic cylinder 25 and the adjustable support frame 26, the operator activates the angle-adjusting hydraulic cylinders 29 on both sides of the universal adjustment base 24 via a PLC controller. The telescopic axes of the angle-adjusting hydraulic cylinders 29 on both sides of the universal adjustment base 24 move outward or inward, and then drive the universal adjustment base 24 to rotate around the ball joint positioning axis 27 via the angle linkage joint 30. This changes the output angle of the main loading hydraulic cylinder 25 and the adjustable support frame 26 while maintaining the overall longitudinal position of the load. This further simulates the actual situation of the cargo on the hook and improves the accuracy of the test results.

[0066] In one possible implementation, a linear guide pair 43 is fixedly mounted on the front side of the linear guide pair mounting bracket 31, and a guide rail slider assembly 44 is fixedly mounted on the rear side of the adaptive clamping module 42. The linear guide pair 43 and the guide rail slider assembly 44 are slidably connected, and the movement of the driven linkage mechanism 41 can be supported by the cooperation of the linear guide pair 43 and the guide rail slider assembly 44.

[0067] Preferably, the driven linkage mechanism 41 is provided, and the movement of the driven linkage mechanism 41 will drive the guide rail slider assembly 44 to move on the linear guide rail pair 43. The linear guide rail pair 43 and the guide rail slider assembly 44 cooperate to support the movement of the driven linkage mechanism 41, thereby improving the stability of the movement of the driven linkage mechanism 41.

[0068] In one possible implementation, a guide sleeve 10 is fixedly installed on the top surface of the foundation support platform 1, an auxiliary leveling hydraulic cylinder 13 is fixedly installed on the top surface of the foundation support platform 1, and a pressure-bearing damping block 9 is fixedly installed on the top surface of the telescopic shaft of the auxiliary leveling hydraulic cylinder 13.

[0069] In one possible implementation, a plurality of hydraulic bases 11 are fixedly mounted on the outer circular wall of the guide sleeve 10. A leveling linkage rod 12 is rotatably connected between every two hydraulic bases 11 via a rotating shaft.

[0070] In one possible implementation, the outer circular wall of the guide sleeve 10 is provided with a plurality of curved contact pressure plates 15, and a curved support frame 14 is fixedly installed on the inner circular wall of the curved contact pressure plates 15. One end of the leveling linkage rod 12 is rotatably connected to the curved support frame 14 via a rotating shaft.

[0071] In one possible implementation, several auxiliary positioning blocks 47 are fixedly installed on the outer circular wall of the pressure-bearing damping block 9, and an elastic buffer rod 16 is rotatably connected between every two auxiliary positioning blocks 47 via a rotating shaft. The lower end of the elastic buffer rod 16 is rotatably connected to the curved surface support frame 14 via a rotating shaft.

[0072] Based on the above structure, the optional working principle includes: the operator places the hook on the foundation support platform 1, and the auxiliary leveling hydraulic cylinder 13 drives the pressure damping block 9 to move downward. The downward movement of the pressure damping block 9, through the cooperation of the elastic buffer link 16 and the leveling linkage 12, allows the curved surface to contact the pressure plate 15 and abut against the inner wall of the hook, thereby fixing the hook.

[0073] Based on the above working principle, the hook is placed on the foundation support platform 1, which places multiple curved contact plates 15 inside the hook. The downward movement of the extension shaft of the auxiliary leveling hydraulic cylinder 13 causes the pressure-bearing damping block 9 to move downwards. The downward movement of the pressure-bearing damping block 9, via the auxiliary positioning block 47, drives the elastic buffer linkage 16, which in turn moves the curved contact plates 15 outwards. This outward movement of the curved contact plates 15 also causes the curved support frame 14 to rotate the leveling linkage rod 12 downwards within the two hydraulic bases 11. The outward movement of the multiple curved contact plates 15 abuts against the inner wall of the hook, thus fixing the hook and facilitating subsequent testing.

[0074] In one possible implementation, two guide optical shafts 22 are fixedly installed on each of the four sides of the central support column 18. One side of the guide optical shaft 22 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the load test chamber 2, and the longitudinal sliding base 20 is slidably connected to the guide optical shaft 22. The guide optical shaft 22 can restrict the movement of the longitudinal sliding base 20.

[0075] As a further option of the above-described embodiment, the longitudinal sliding base 20 is provided, which moves along the precision ball screw 21 and also along two guide optical axes 22. The guide optical axes 22 can restrict the movement of the longitudinal sliding base 20, thereby achieving a restrictive effect on the longitudinal sliding base 20.

[0076] In one possible implementation, an anti-slip buffer layer 48 for increasing friction is fixedly installed on the outer circular wall of the curved contact pressure plate 15. The anti-slip buffer layer 48 increases the friction between the curved contact pressure plate 15 and the inner wall of the hook, thereby improving the fixing effect on the hook.

[0077] In one possible implementation, the top surface of the foundation support platform 1 is provided with several wire-passing sealing sleeves 49. Bolts are pre-installed on the ground of the test site. When the foundation support platform 1 is placed in the test site, the bolts enter the inside of the wire-passing sealing sleeves 49 on the foundation support platform 1. Then, the staff uses nuts to fix the bolts, thereby fixing the position of the foundation support platform 1.

[0078] As a preferred embodiment of this example, please refer to [link / reference]. Figures 1-10 A test method for longitudinal tensile load on ultra-large tonnage crane hooks includes the following steps:

[0079] S1: By placing the hook to be tested on the foundation bearing platform 1, ensure that the center of the hook is aligned with the load test chamber 2. Drive the pressure damping block 9 downward by the auxiliary leveling hydraulic cylinder 13. The downward movement of the pressure damping block 9 causes the elastic buffer link 16 and the leveling linkage rod 12 to push the curved contact pressure plate 15 outward, so that the anti-slip buffer layer 48 is tightly attached to the inner wall of the hook, thus completing the mechanical fixation of the hook.

[0080] S2: The load test chamber 2 is hoisted above the hook using the hoisting lug 3, and the chamber reinforcement longitudinal beam 4 is installed to stabilize the load test chamber 2. The sensor mounting box 7 is attached to the outside of the hook claw via the electromagnetic adsorption module 17, ensuring that the laser displacement sensor 8 is in contact with the hook claw for monitoring deformation.

[0081] S3: The adjustable support frame 26 is driven by the main loading hydraulic cylinder 25 to press down the hook claw for testing. After the initial test, the PLC controller starts the servo drive motor 46. The servo drive motor 46 drives the precision ball screw 21 to rotate, causing the longitudinal sliding base 20 to move along the guide optical axis 22, adjusting the main loading hydraulic cylinder 25 and the adjustable support frame 26 to the target test position. The electric linear actuator 38 retracts the telescopic shaft, causing the main locking linkage 36 to drive the sector gear 35 to mesh. At the same time, the driven linkage mechanism 41 pushes the adaptive clamping module 42 to engage with the self-locking limit plate 32, locking the position of the longitudinal sliding base 20 and sharing the load of the precision ball screw 21. The position of the adjustable support frame 26 on the hook is adjusted by the precision ball screw 21 to simulate the force conditions at different loading points and conduct multiple tests. If it is necessary to simulate oblique force, the angle of the universal adjustment base 24 is adjusted by the angle adjustment hydraulic cylinder 29, so that the output direction of the main loading hydraulic cylinder 25 is finely adjusted on the longitudinal basis.

[0082] S4: The surface of the hook is photographed in real time using an industrial endoscope 19. If a crack is detected, the PLC triggers an audible and visual alarm 45, and the laser displacement sensor 8 records the hook claw displacement. If the displacement exceeds the limit, another audible and visual alarm 45 is triggered. After unloading the load, an ultrasonic flaw detector is used to scan the inside of the hook to detect hidden cracks.

[0083] The working principle of the above overall structure includes:

[0084] In use, the operator places the hook on the foundation support platform 1, and the auxiliary leveling hydraulic cylinder 13 drives the pressure damping block 9 to move downward. Through the cooperation of the elastic buffer link 16 and the leveling linkage rod 12, the curved contact plate 15 moves outward to abut against the inner wall of the hook. The anti-slip buffer layer 48 increases friction, thereby fixing the hook. The load test chamber 2 is then hoisted above the foundation support platform 1 by a crane, and the chamber reinforcement longitudinal beam 4 supports the load test chamber 2. The sensor mounting box 7 is moved by the leveling tension cable 6 and placed on the side of the four-claw hook. The electromagnetic adsorption module 17 is used to adsorb the hook, and the laser displacement sensor 8 is installed on the hook claw.

[0085] The PLC controller starts the servo drive motor 46, which drives the precision ball screw 21 to rotate. The precision ball screw 21 is threadedly connected to the longitudinal sliding base 20, causing the longitudinal sliding base 20 to move along the precision ball screw 21. This, in turn, moves the main loading hydraulic cylinder 25 and the adjustable support frame 26, adjusting their test position on the hook. After adjusting to the test position, the PLC controller starts the electric linear actuator 38, whose telescopic axis retracts inward, causing the main locking linkage 36 to rotate inward. This rotation, through the gear transmission block 34, drives the sector gear 35 to engage. Simultaneously, the sliding counterweight block 40 drives the driven linkage mechanism 41 and the adaptive clamping module 42 to move inward. The adaptive clamping module 42 engages with the self-locking limit plate 32, stabilizing the position of the longitudinal sliding base 20 on the precision ball screw 21, sharing the load of the precision ball screw 21, and improving stability.

[0086] The main loading hydraulic cylinder 25 is activated by the PLC controller, and its telescopic shaft moves downward, causing the adjustable support frame 26 to move downward, applying pressure to the hook claw on the base bearing platform 1 to conduct a longitudinal tensile test. During the test, the angle adjustment hydraulic cylinders 29 on both sides of the universal adjustment base 24 can be activated by the PLC controller. The telescopic shaft of these cylinders moves, causing the universal adjustment base 24 to rotate around the ball joint positioning axis 27, changing the output angle of the main loading hydraulic cylinder 25 and the adjustable support frame 26, simulating the actual situation of the cargo on the hook, and improving the accuracy of the test results.

[0087] During the test, the industrial endoscope 19 photographs the hook. If a crack is detected on the hook surface, the PLC controller activates the audible and visual alarm device 45 corresponding to the industrial endoscope 19. If the hook deforms during the test and the claws shift, the laser displacement sensor 8 detects the shift, and the PLC controller activates the audible and visual alarm device 45 corresponding to the laser displacement sensor 8, thus distinguishing between hook claw displacement and surface cracks.

[0088] After each test, staff used an ultrasonic flaw detector to scan the hook and detect cracks inside. Due to different cargo attachment points, the hook needed to be tested multiple times, repeating the above-mentioned test position adjustment and longitudinal tensile test process to simulate the stress conditions of the hook in actual use and comprehensively test the performance of the hook.

[0089] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A longitudinal tensile force test load device for ultra-large tonnage crane hooks, characterized in that... ,include: The basic load-bearing platform has a load test chamber on its top surface. Several lifting lugs for lifting are fixedly installed on the top surface of the load test chamber. Two chamber reinforcement longitudinal beams are installed on both the left and right sides of the load test chamber. A tensile testing assembly is installed on the top surface inside the load test chamber and is used to conduct longitudinal tensile tests on the hook. The tensile testing assembly includes a central support column, which is fixedly installed on the top surface inside the load test chamber. An industrial endoscope for detecting surface cracks in the hook is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the central support column. The load test chamber contains several movable longitudinal sliding bases. An adjustable universal adjustment platform is installed on the bottom surface of each longitudinal sliding base. Several angle linkage joints are fixedly installed on both sides of the universal adjustment platform. Two main loading hydraulic cylinders are fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the universal adjustment platform. An adjustable support frame is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the telescopic shafts of the two main loading hydraulic cylinders. The basic support platform is equipped with leveling tension cables on all four sides. A sensor mounting box is fixedly installed at the upper end of each tension cable. A laser displacement sensor is fixedly installed on the front of the sensor mounting box, and an electromagnetic adsorption module is fixedly installed on the rear. The tensile testing assembly also includes several precision ball screws, which are rotatably connected to the four sides of the central support column. Servo drive motors for driving the precision ball screws are installed on all four sides of the load test chamber. The precision ball screws are threadedly connected to the longitudinal sliding base. Servo drive motors for driving the precision ball screws are fixedly installed on all four sides of the central support column. The system is equipped with a lateral mounting flange, on both sides of which are fixedly mounted several self-locking limit plates. Two linkage support frames are fixedly mounted on the top surface of the longitudinal sliding base. A main locking link is rotatably connected inside the linkage support frame. Two linear guide rail mounting brackets are fixedly mounted on the top surface of the angular linkage joint. A driven link mechanism is slidably connected to the front side of each linear guide rail mounting bracket. Sliding counterweights are fixedly mounted on both sides of each driven link mechanism. The lower end of the main locking link is rotatably connected to the two sliding counterweights. Adaptive clamping modules are symmetrically mounted on both sides of the two driven link mechanisms. The adaptive clamping module is movably engaged with the self-locking limiting plate. A telescopic movable frame is rotatably connected to the main locking link on the left side. An electric linear actuator is fixedly installed on the right side of the telescopic movable frame. One end of the telescopic shaft of the electric linear actuator is universally connected to a sliding bearing frame. The sliding bearing frame is rotatably connected to the main locking link on the right side. Gear transmission blocks are fixedly installed on both sides of the two main locking links symmetrically. A sector gear is fixedly installed on one side of the gear transmission block. The two sector gears are meshed together. Two audible and visual alarm devices for alarm purposes are fixedly installed on one side of the load test chamber.

2. The longitudinal tensile force test load device for ultra-large tonnage hooks according to claim 1, characterized in that: A ball joint positioning shaft is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the longitudinal sliding base. The upper end of the ball joint positioning shaft is universally connected to the bottom surface of the universal adjustment base. Several hydraulic cylinder mounting supports are fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the longitudinal sliding base. An angle adjustment hydraulic cylinder is rotatably connected inside the hydraulic cylinder mounting supports. Several angle linkage joints are fixedly installed on both the left and right sides of the universal adjustment base. One end of the telescopic shaft of the angle adjustment hydraulic cylinder is rotatably connected to two of the angle linkage joints.

3. The longitudinal tensile force test load device for ultra-large tonnage hooks according to claim 1, characterized in that: A linear guide pair is fixedly installed on the front side of the linear guide pair mounting bracket, and a guide rail slider assembly is fixedly installed on the rear side of the adaptive clamping module. The linear guide pair and the guide rail slider assembly are slidably connected.

4. The longitudinal tensile force test load device for ultra-large tonnage hooks according to claim 1, characterized in that: A guide sleeve is fixedly installed on the top surface of the foundation bearing platform. An auxiliary leveling hydraulic cylinder is fixedly installed on the top surface of the foundation bearing platform. A pressure-bearing damping block is fixedly installed on the top surface of the telescopic shaft of the auxiliary leveling hydraulic cylinder. Several hydraulic bases are fixedly installed on the outer circular wall of the guide sleeve. A leveling linkage rod is rotatably connected between every two hydraulic bases. Several curved contact pressure plates are provided on the outer circular wall of the guide sleeve. A curved support frame is fixedly installed on the inner circular wall of the curved contact pressure plates. One end of the leveling linkage rod is rotatably connected to the curved support frame. Several auxiliary positioning blocks are fixedly installed on the outer circular wall of each pressure-bearing damping block. An elastic buffer link is rotatably connected between every two auxiliary positioning blocks. The lower end of the elastic buffer link is rotatably connected to the curved support frame.

5. The longitudinal tensile force test load device for ultra-large tonnage hooks according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two guide optical shafts are fixedly installed on each of the four sides of the central support column. One side of the guide optical shaft is fixedly connected to the inner side of the load test chamber, and the longitudinal sliding base is slidably connected to the guide optical shaft.

6. The longitudinal tensile force test load device for ultra-large tonnage hooks according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer circular wall of the curved contact pressure plate is fixedly equipped with an anti-slip buffer layer to increase friction, and the top surface of the basic bearing platform is provided with several wire-passing sealing sleeves.

7. A test method for longitudinal tensile load on ultra-large tonnage lifting hooks, employing any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Place the hook on the foundation support platform and drive the auxiliary leveling hydraulic cylinder to expand and fix the inner wall of the hook by the curved contact plate; S2: Hoist the load test chamber to above the hook, and fix the sensor mounting box to the outside of the hook claw using the electromagnetic adsorption module; S3: Start the main loading hydraulic cylinder to apply longitudinal pressure to the hook claw, adjust the position of the longitudinal sliding base through the servo drive motor, and use the adaptive locking mechanism to lock the base and share the load; S4: Surface cracks are detected by an industrial endoscope, deformation is monitored by a laser displacement sensor, and internal cracks are scanned by an ultrasonic flaw detector, triggering an audible and visual alarm device.

8. The test method for longitudinal tensile load of an ultra-large tonnage crane hook according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S3, the angle of the universal adjustment base is adjusted to simulate oblique force, and multiple sets of test data are recorded by the PLC controller; In step S4, if the laser displacement sensor (8) detects that the deformation exceeds the limit, the test is paused and the fault location is marked, and a comprehensive evaluation is carried out in combination with the ultrasonic flaw detection results.

9. The test method for longitudinal tensile load of an ultra-large tonnage crane hook according to claim 7, characterized in that: Also includes: The test was repeated at multiple attachment points of the hook, and the position of the adjustable support frame was adjusted by a precision ball screw to simulate the multi-angle stress state under actual working conditions.

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