Fatigue damage simulation test device for wheel-rail rolling contact

Abstract

The invention discloses a fatigue damage simulation test device for wheel-rail rolling contact. The fatigue damage simulation test device comprises a rack assembly, a clamp system, a splicing guide rail, an experiment loading system, a transmission system and a guide system, two parallel vertical lead screws are arranged in the rack assembly, and the lead screws are controlled by a transmission system to rotate and drive a cross beam installed on the lead screws to ascend and descend. A splicing guide rail for testing is mounted on the lower end face of the cross beam through a clamp system; the guide system is mounted on the clamping plate, and the splicing guide rail is controlled by the guide system to limit and guide; the experiment loading system is arranged on the outer side of the splicing guide rail above the guiding system and installed on the clamping plate, and the splicing guide rail is controlled by the experiment loading system to conduct loading. The device is compact in structure, the length range of the guide rail capable of being simulated is large, the adaptive guide rail types are multiple, clamping is convenient, loading is uniform, guiding is convenient, stability is good, control precision is high, meanwhile, the test time is greatly shortened, and the test cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of material rolling contact fatigue experiments, in particular to a fatigue damage simulation test device for wheel-rail rolling contact. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of engineering technology, people have higher and higher requirements for the rolling contact fatigue performance of engineering materials. While the load-bearing capacity is getting larger and the application range is getting wider, the life and cost of materials are required to meet the expected requirements. Traditional wheel-rail rolling contact fatigue testing machines mostly use two rolling rings to simulate the actual wheel-rail rolling contact. Although it can reflect the rolling contact fatigue characteristics of the material to a certain extent, it cannot fully simulate the actual wheel-rail contact conditions.

[0003] With the development of science and technology, there is an urgent need to improve and innovate the existing wheel-rail rolling contact fatigue damage simulation test equipment. By replacing the traditional two pairs of rolling rings with the working conditions of real guide rail and roller contact, the rolling contact fatigue performance of the material can be more accurately reflected. For example, the Chinese patent with publication number CN118533673A discloses a method and device for simulating the fatigue damage of rail-rail contact under static and dynamic loads. Although it can simulate the working conditions of the wheel and rail under different working conditions by setting different parameters and the working conditions between the wheel and rail, and detect rail wear and rolling contact fatigue damage, it provides theoretical and experimental support for exploring the relationship between rail wear and wheel-rail rolling contact fatigue damage and operating conditions, as well as rail flaw detection and damage assessment in actual engineering. However, the guide rail length that can be simulated by this device is limited, and there is a lack of limiting and guiding measures for the guide rail, which makes it difficult to ensure the stability of the wheel-rail contact during the experiment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Based on the technical problems existing in the background technology, the present invention proposes a fatigue damage simulation test device for wheel-rail rolling contact.

[0005] The present invention proposes a wheel-rail rolling contact fatigue damage simulation test device, comprising a frame assembly, a fixture system, a spliced ​​guide rail, an experimental loading system, a transmission system, and a guide system; the frame assembly comprises a top plate, a bottom plate, and an aluminum profile bracket, wherein the top plate and the bottom plate are parallel to each other and fixed by the aluminum profile bracket; two parallel vertical screw rods are provided between the top plate and the bottom plate inside the aluminum profile bracket, and the upper and lower ends of the screw rods are respectively mounted on the top plate and the bottom plate through a shaft rotation connection; A crossbeam is installed on the two screw rods through threaded cooperation. The screw rods are controlled by the transmission system to rotate and drive the crossbeam to rise and fall. A splint is provided under the crossbeam and fixedly installed on the aluminum profile bracket. A guide rail through-hole is provided in the center of the splint. The spliced ​​guide rail used for the test is vertically arranged and its upper end is installed on the lower end surface of the crossbeam through a clamp system, and its lower end passes through the guide rail through-hole of the splint; the guide system is arranged on the outside of the spliced ​​guide rail above the splint and installed on the splint, and the spliced ​​guide rail is controlled by the guide system for limited guidance; the experimental loading system is arranged on the outside of the spliced ​​guide rail above the guide system and installed on the splint, and the spliced ​​guide rail is controlled by the experimental loading system for loading.

[0006] Preferably, the spliced ​​guide rail is a T-shaped structure formed by two L-shaped guide rails spliced ​​back to back, and the L-shaped guide rail is composed of a waist plate and a bottom plate. The outer end surfaces of the waist plates of the two L-shaped guide rails are both guide rail working surfaces of the spliced ​​guide rail, the upper end surfaces of the bottom plates of the two L-shaped guide rails are both guide rail auxiliary working surfaces of the spliced ​​guide rail, and the lower end surfaces of the bottom plates of the two L-shaped guide rails are both guide rail back surfaces of the spliced ​​guide rail.

[0007] Preferably, the clamp system includes a main wedge block, a clamp body and a main tightening bolt, the clamp body consists of a clamp base, a main clamp block and a secondary clamp block, the main clamp blocks are provided with two and are symmetrically installed under the clamp base, the secondary clamp block is provided on one side of the two main clamp blocks and is installed under the clamp base, the inner end faces of the main clamp block and the secondary clamp block are both inclined inwardly; the main wedge blocks are provided with two and are respectively installed in the inclined slide grooves provided on the inner end faces of the two main clamp blocks, the main tightening bolt passes through the mounting hole opened on the clamp base and a main flat bottom pressure block is installed at the bottom thereof, the edge of the main flat bottom pressure block is engaged with the notch provided on the inner end faces of the two main wedge blocks, a main tightening nut is installed on the main tightening bolt above the clamp base through a threaded connection, and a main tightening nut wrench is installed on the main tightening nut; the inner end faces of the two main wedge blocks can be respectively squeezed and contacted with the two guide rail working surfaces at the upper end of the spliced ​​guide rail.

[0008] Preferably, the clamp system also includes a secondary tightening bolt and a secondary wedge block, the secondary wedge block is installed in an inclined slide groove provided on the inner end surface of the secondary clamp block, the secondary tightening bolt passes through the threaded mounting hole opened on the clamp base and is threadedly engaged, and a secondary flat bottom pressure block is installed at the bottom of the secondary tightening bolt, the secondary flat bottom pressure block is connected to the secondary wedge block through a bearing, and a secondary tightening bolt wrench is installed on the secondary tightening bolt, and the inner end surface of the secondary wedge block can be squeezed into contact with the back side of the guide rail at the upper end of the spliced ​​guide rail.

[0009] Preferably, both of the screw rods are equipped with screw nuts through threaded cooperation, and fixed ear plates are provided on the outer walls of the screw nuts. Beam connecting plates are installed at both ends of the beam, and the beam connecting plates are fixedly connected with the fixed ear plates of the screw nuts through beam fixing bolts and beam fixing nuts.

[0010] Preferably, a beam clamp sleeve is provided at the center of the lower end surface of the beam, the top end of the main tightening bolt of the clamp system is inserted into the beam clamp sleeve, and the main tightening bolt and the beam clamp sleeve are provided with clamp pin holes that correspond in position and penetrate each other, and a clamp pin is installed in the clamp pin hole.

[0011] Preferably, the transmission system includes a right screw pulley, a driving pulley motor, a driving pulley, a left screw pulley, a belt and a driving pulley shaft. The driving pulley motor is mounted on a base plate, the upper end of the driving pulley shaft is fixedly mounted through a bearing and a clamping plate, and the lower end thereof is fixed to the output shaft of the driving pulley motor, the driving pulley, the right screw pulley and the left screw pulley are respectively fixedly mounted on the driving pulley shaft and two screws, and the belt is mounted on the driving pulley, the right screw pulley and the left screw pulley to form a transmission connection.

[0012] Preferably, the experimental loading system includes an experimental roller, an upper dovetail groove bolt, a right bolt fixing frame, a loading shaft, a loading system motor, a loading turbine, a rolling bearing, a double-head loading screw, a lower dovetail groove bolt, a left bolt fixing frame, a load-balancing spring and a roller bracket; the left bolt fixing frame and the right bolt fixing frame are parallel to each other and are vertically installed on the splints on the left and right sides of the splicing guide rail; the upper dovetail groove bolt and the lower dovetail groove bolt are parallel to each other, and the two ends of the upper dovetail groove bolt are respectively inserted into the single dovetail hole opened by the left bolt fixing frame and the right bolt fixing frame and are fixed by the upper dovetail groove pin, and the two ends of the lower dovetail groove bolt are respectively inserted into the single dovetail hole opened by the left bolt fixing frame and the right bolt fixing frame and are fixed by the lower dovetail groove pin; the roller bracket is engaged in the dovetail grooves provided by the upper dovetail groove bolt and the lower dovetail groove bolt to form a sliding connection, and the experimental roller is provided with a plurality of and symmetrically installed on the rollers The cam is mounted on the roller shaft of the bracket and forms a rolling contact with the guide rail working surface of the spliced ​​guide rail; two loading shafts are provided and are respectively arranged on both sides of the roller bracket, and the front ends of the loading shafts are installed with loading shaft heads, and the two ends of the load-balancing spring are respectively installed in the spring holes opened on the two loading shaft heads; a joint bearing is sleeved on the loading shaft, and the outer ring of the joint bearing is fixedly connected to the side of the roller bracket through the joint bearing reinforcement rib; the rear end of the loading shaft is fixedly connected to the loading shaft connecting rod, and the other end of the loading shaft connecting rod is hinged to the loading nut through the loading system pin; the two ends of the double-headed loading screw are respectively connected to the two loading nuts through threaded cooperation, the loading turbine is installed in the middle of the double-headed loading screw and forms a fixed connection, the rolling bearing is installed on the light rod part of the double-headed loading screw, the loading system motor is installed on the splint, and its output shaft is installed with a loading worm through a coupling, and the loading worm and the loading turbine form a worm gear cooperation.

[0013] Preferably, the experimental loading system further includes a loading system fixing frame, a loading motor bracket and a worm support frame, the loading system fixing frame is provided with two clamping plates respectively installed on both sides of the loading system motor, the loading system motor is fixed to the two loading system fixing frames through the loading motor bracket; the worm support frame is provided above the loading system motor and fixed to the top of the two loading system fixing frames, and the top of the loading worm is fixed to the worm support frame through a bearing; the loading nut is composed of a dovetail block structure nut and two side wing plates, and the center of the dovetail block structure nut is provided with a threaded hole And it cooperates with the external thread set at the end of the double-head loading screw rod to form a threaded nut, the outer periphery of the dovetail block structure nut is an upper and lower double dovetail groove structure, and the loading system fixing frame is provided with upper and lower double dovetail structure holes, and the upper and lower double dovetail groove structures of the dovetail block structure nut are adapted to the upper and lower double dovetail structure holes of the loading system fixing frame, the loading nut is engaged in the upper and lower double dovetail structure holes of the loading system fixing frame and forms a sliding connection, the two side wing plates are respectively fixed on both sides of the front end face of the dovetail block structure nut, and the front end of the two side wing plates is hinged to the other end of the loading shaft connecting rod through the loading system pin.

[0014] The two guide wheels are connected to each other via a guide rail, and the guide wheels are connected along the two guide wheels respectively to the two guide wheels, wherein the guide wheels are connected along the two guide wheels respectively. The two guide wheels have a plurality of locking plates, each of which is fixed with a lockheedling chute on a front surface of the two guide wheels, and the locking plates are fixed with a plurality of locking plates on a front surface.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0016] (1) The present invention provides a fatigue damage simulation test device for wheel-rail rolling contact, which controls the rotation of the screw rod through the transmission system and drives the crossbeam and the spliced ​​guide rail suspended under the crossbeam to move up and down, thereby realizing the up and down reciprocating linear motion of the spliced ​​guide rail. The device has the advantages of long transmission distance, large transmission torque, adjustable transmission distance, smooth transmission process, and high control accuracy. By increasing the distance between the top plate and the bottom plate, the length of the spliced ​​guide rail can be increased, so that a larger range of guide rail lengths can be simulated.

[0017] (2) The fatigue damage simulation test device for wheel-rail rolling contact of the present invention can not only provide a large clamping force to the working surface and back surface of the spliced ​​guide rail by designing a special clamping system, but also can realize the switching and rapid clamping of spliced ​​guide rails of different models. It is convenient and fast to operate, firmly fixed, stable, and has a wide range of applications, providing an experimental basis for multi-model guide rail experiments.

[0018] (3) The present invention provides a wheel-rail rolling contact fatigue damage simulation test device, in which an experimental loading system is installed on a base plate, and multiple experimental rollers are used to uniformly load the spliced ​​guide rails from both sides of the spliced ​​guide rails, so as to simulate the load at the wheel-rail contact interface, ensure that the guide rails on both sides are loaded evenly, and improve the accuracy of the wheel-rail rolling contact fatigue test; at the same time, multiple experimental rollers are used to form contact with the surface of the spliced ​​guide rails, which can greatly shorten the test time of the wheel-rail rolling contact fatigue test.

[0019] (4) The fatigue damage simulation test device for wheel-rail rolling contact of the present invention can realize the limiting and guiding effect on the spliced ​​guide rail from multiple directions by installing a guide system on the base plate, thereby ensuring the smoothness of the reciprocating motion process of the spliced ​​guide rail and the reliability of the experimental results; at the same time, it can adapt to many types of spliced ​​guide rails and has good use value and application prospects.

[0020] (5) The present invention provides a wheel-rail rolling contact fatigue damage simulation test device with a compact structure, capable of simulating a wide range of guide rail lengths, adaptable to a variety of guide rail types, easy clamping, uniform loading, convenient guiding, good stability, and high control accuracy. It also greatly shortens the test time and reduces the test cost, providing a new experimental scheme for simulating real wheel-rail rolling contact fatigue experiments, and has good use value and application prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 : Schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention (front);

[0022] Figure 2 : Schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention (back);

[0023] Figure 3 : A schematic structural diagram of the splicing guide rail of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 : Schematic diagram of the structure of the clamp system of the present invention (front view);

[0025] Figure 5 : Schematic diagram of the structure of the clamp system of the present invention (back);

[0026] Figure 6 : Schematic diagram of the structure of the experimental loading system of the present invention (front);

[0027] Figure 7 : Schematic diagram of the structure of the experimental loading system of the present invention (back);

[0028] Figure 8 : Schematic diagram of the local structure of the experimental loading system of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 9 : The structural representation of the guidance system of the present invention.

[0030] Among them: 1. Top plate; 2. Crossbeam fixing bolt; 3. Crossbeam connecting plate; 4. Crossbeam; 5. Crossbeam clamp sleeve; 6. Clamp pin; 7. Clamp system; 71. Secondary tightening bolt; 72. Secondary tightening bolt wrench; 73. Secondary flat bottom pressure block; 74. Secondary wedge block; 75. Main wedge block; 76. Main flat bottom pressure block; 77. Clamp body; 78. Main tightening nut; 79. Main tightening nut wrench; 710. Main tightening bolt; 711. Clamp pin hole; 8. Splicing guide rail; 81. Guide rail working surface; 82. Guide rail secondary working surface (82); 8 3. Back of guide rail; 9. Aluminum profile bracket; 10. Experimental loading system; 101. Experimental roller; 102. Upper dovetail slot bolt; 103. Right bolt fixing bracket; 104. Loading shaft; 105. Loading shaft connecting rod; 106. Loading system latch; 107. Loading nut; 108. Loading system fixing bracket; 109. Loading worm; 1010. Coupling; 1011. Loading system motor; 1012. Loading motor bracket; 1013. Loading turbine; 1014. Rolling bearing; 1015. Double-ended loading screw; 1 016, worm support frame; 1017, lower dovetail slot bolt; 1018, lower dovetail slot latch; 1019, left bolt fixing frame; 1020, spherical bearing reinforcement rib; 1021, spherical bearing; 1022, loading shaft head; 1023, load-balancing spring; 1024, roller bracket; 1025, upper dovetail slot latch; 11, right screw pulley; 12, bottom plate; 13, driving pulley motor; 14, driving pulley; 15, left screw pulley; 16, belt; 17, clamping plate; 18, driving pulley shaft; 19, guide system System; 191. Side guide screw tightening wrench; 192. Side guide screw; 193. Side guide fixing nut; 194. Side guide main roller; 195. Side guide secondary roller; 196. Main guide wheel; 197. Main guide frame; 198. Main guide bracket; 199. Main guide fixing nut; 1910. Main guide screw; 1911. Main guide screw tightening wrench; 1912. Main guide wheel shaft; 1913. Side guide frame; 1914. Side guide bracket; 20. Screw; 21. Screw nut; 22. Crossbeam fixing nut. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0032] Example 1:

[0033] Reference Figure 1-2 The present invention proposes a wheel-rail rolling contact fatigue damage simulation test device, which includes: a frame assembly, a fixture system 7, a spliced ​​guide rail 8, an experimental loading system 10, a transmission system and a guide system 19.

[0034] The frame assembly includes a top plate 1, a bottom plate 12 and an aluminum profile bracket 9. The top plate 1 and the bottom plate 12 are parallel to each other and fixed by the aluminum profile bracket 9. Two vertical screw rods 20 are arranged between the top plate 1 and the bottom plate 12 on the inner side of the aluminum profile bracket 9. The upper and lower ends of the screw rods 20 are respectively installed on the top plate 1 and the bottom plate 12 through an axial rotation connection. The two screw rods 20 are installed with a crossbeam 4 through threaded matching. The screw rods 20 are controlled by the transmission system to rotate and drive the crossbeam 4 to rise and fall. A splint 17 is provided under the crossbeam 4 and fixedly installed on the aluminum profile bracket 9. A guide rail through-hole is provided in the center of the splint 17. The splicing guide rail 8 used for the test is vertically arranged and its upper end is installed on the lower end face of the crossbeam 4 through the clamp system 7. Its lower end passes through the guide rail through-hole of the splint 17.

[0035] The transmission system controls the screw rod 20 to rotate and drive the crossbeam 4 and the spliced ​​guide rail 8 hoisted under the crossbeam 4 to rise and fall, thereby realizing the up and down reciprocating linear motion of the spliced ​​guide rail 8, which has the advantages of long transmission distance, large transmission torque, adjustable transmission distance, smooth transmission process, and high control accuracy; by increasing the distance between the top plate 1 and the bottom plate 12, the length of the spliced ​​guide rail 8 can be increased, so that the range of guide rail lengths that can be simulated is larger.

[0036] By designing a special clamping system 7, not only can a large clamping force be provided to the working surface and back surface of the spliced ​​guide rail 8, but also different types of spliced ​​guide rails 8 can be switched and quickly clamped. It is convenient and fast to operate, firmly fixed, stable, and has a wide range of applications, providing an experimental basis for multi-type guide rail experiments.

[0037] The guide system 19 is arranged outside the splicing guide rail 8 above the clamping plate 17 and is installed on the clamping plate 17. The splicing guide rail 8 is controlled by the guide system 19 to limit and guide the splicing guide rail 8. By installing the guide system 19 on the base plate, the splicing guide rail 8 can be limited and guided from multiple directions, ensuring the smoothness of the reciprocating motion of the splicing guide rail 8 and the reliability of the experimental results. At the same time, it can be adapted to a variety of splicing guide rails 8, with good use value and application prospects.

[0038] The experimental loading system 10 is located outside the spliced ​​guide rail 8 above the guide system 19 and mounted on the clamping plate 17. The spliced ​​guide rail 8 is loaded under the control of the experimental loading system 10. The experimental loading system 10, mounted on the base plate 12, utilizes multiple test rollers 101 to uniformly load the spliced ​​guide rail 8 from both sides, simulating the load at the wheel-rail contact interface. This ensures uniform loading on both sides of the guide rail and improves the accuracy of the wheel-rail rolling contact fatigue test. Furthermore, the multiple test rollers 101 contact the surface of the spliced ​​guide rail, significantly shortening the test time.

[0039] The present invention provides a wheel-rail rolling contact fatigue damage simulation test device with a compact structure, capable of simulating a wide range of guide rail lengths, adaptable to a variety of guide rail types, convenient clamping, uniform loading, convenient guiding, good stability, and high control accuracy. The device also greatly shortens the test time and reduces the test cost, providing a new experimental scheme for simulating real wheel-rail rolling contact fatigue experiments, and has good use value and application prospects.

[0040] Example 2:

[0041] Reference Figure 1-9 The present invention proposes a wheel-rail rolling contact fatigue damage simulation test device, which includes: a frame assembly, a fixture system 7, a spliced ​​guide rail 8, an experimental loading system 10, a transmission system and a guide system 19.

[0042] The frame assembly includes a top plate 1, a bottom plate 12, and an aluminum profile bracket 9. The top plate 1 and the bottom plate 12 are parallel to each other and fixed by the aluminum profile bracket 9. Two parallel vertical screw rods 20 are provided between the top plate 1 and the bottom plate 12 inside the aluminum profile bracket 9. The upper and lower ends of the screw rods 20 are respectively mounted on the top plate 1 and the bottom plate 12 through an axis rotation connection.

[0043] The two screw rods 20 are installed with a crossbeam 4 through threaded cooperation, and its specific structure is: the two screw rods 20 are installed with a screw nut 21 through threaded cooperation, and a fixing ear plate is provided on the outer wall of the screw nut 21. A crossbeam connecting plate 3 is installed at both ends of the crossbeam 4, and the crossbeam connecting plate 3 is fixedly connected with the fixing ear plate of the screw nut 21 through the crossbeam fixing bolt 2 and the crossbeam fixing nut 22.

[0044] A splint 17 is provided under the crossbeam 4 and fixedly mounted on the aluminum profile bracket 9. A guide rail through-hole is provided in the center of the splint 17. The splicing guide rail 8 used for the test is vertically arranged and its upper end is mounted on the lower end surface of the crossbeam 4 through the clamp system 7, and its lower end passes through the guide rail through-hole of the splint 17.

[0045] like Figure 4 、 Figure 5 As shown, the clamping system 7 is composed of a main clamping device and a secondary clamping device.

[0046] The main clamping device includes a main wedge 75, a clamping body 77, and a main tightening bolt 710. The clamping body 77 consists of a clamp base, a main clamping block, and a secondary clamping block. Two main clamping blocks are symmetrically mounted below the clamp base, while secondary clamping blocks are located on either side of the two main clamping blocks and mounted below the clamp base. The inner end surfaces of the main and secondary clamping blocks are both inclined inward.

[0047] Two main wedges 75 are provided, each mounted within an inclined slot provided on the inner end surfaces of the two main clamping blocks. A main tightening bolt 710 extends through a mounting hole in the clamp base, and a main flat-bottom pressure block 76 is mounted at its bottom. The edge of the main flat-bottom pressure block 76 engages with a notch provided on the inner end surfaces of the two main wedges 75. A main tightening nut 78 is threadedly mounted on the main tightening bolt 710 above the clamp base, and a main tightening nut wrench 79 is mounted on the main tightening nut 78. By turning the main tightening nut wrench 79, the main tightening bolt 710 can be extended and retracted within the clamp base of the clamp body 77. The main flat-bottom pressure block 76 then drives the two main wedges 75 to slide up and down within the inclined slots provided on the inner end surfaces of the main clamping blocks of the clamp body 77. As the main wedges 75 slide up and down, the edge of the main flat-bottom pressure block 76 engages with the notch provided on the inner end surfaces of the main wedges 75 to varying depths.

[0048] The secondary clamp device includes a secondary tightening bolt 71 and a secondary wedge 74. The secondary wedge 74 is installed in an inclined groove provided on the inner end surface of the secondary clamping block. The secondary tightening bolt 71 passes through a threaded mounting hole provided on the clamp base and is threadedly engaged. A secondary flat bottom pressure block 73 is installed at the bottom of the secondary tightening bolt 71. The secondary flat bottom pressure block 73 and the secondary wedge 74 are connected via a bearing. A secondary tightening bolt wrench 72 is installed on the secondary tightening bolt 71. By turning the secondary tightening bolt wrench 72 and rotating the secondary tightening bolt 71, the secondary tightening bolt 71 is extended and retracted within the clamp base of the clamp body 77, which in turn drives the secondary wedge 74 to slide up and down along the inclined groove provided on the inner end surface of the secondary clamping block of the clamp body 77.

[0049] A beam clamp sleeve 5 is provided at the center of the lower end surface of the beam 4, and the top end of the main tightening bolt 710 of the clamp system 7 is inserted into the beam clamp sleeve 5, and the main tightening bolt 710 and the beam clamp sleeve 5 are provided with clamp pin holes 711 that correspond in position and penetrate each other, and a clamp pin 6 is installed in the clamp pin hole 711.

[0050] like Figure 3As shown, the spliced ​​guide rail 8 is a T-shaped structure formed by two L-shaped guide rails spliced ​​back to back. The L-shaped guide rail is composed of a waist plate and a bottom plate. The outer end surfaces of the waist plates of the two L-shaped guide rails are both guide rail working surfaces 81 of the spliced ​​guide rail 8, the upper end surfaces of the bottom plates of the two L-shaped guide rails are both guide rail auxiliary working surfaces 82 of the spliced ​​guide rail 8, and the lower end surfaces of the bottom plates of the two L-shaped guide rails are both guide rail back surfaces 83 of the spliced ​​guide rail 8.

[0051] By rotating and adjusting the main tightening bolt 710 and the auxiliary tightening bolt 71, the inner end faces of the two main wedge blocks 75 can be made into extrusion contact with the two guide rail working surfaces 81 at the upper end of the splicing guide rail 8 respectively, and the inner end face of the auxiliary wedge block 74 can be made into extrusion contact with the guide rail back face 83 at the upper end of the splicing guide rail 8, thereby clamping the splicing guide rail 8; otherwise, the splicing guide rail 8 is loosened.

[0052] By designing a special clamping system 7, not only can a large clamping force be provided to the working surface and back surface of the spliced ​​guide rail 8, but also different types of spliced ​​guide rails 8 can be switched and quickly clamped. It is convenient and fast to operate, firmly fixed, stable, and has a wide range of applications, providing an experimental basis for multi-type guide rail experiments.

[0053] The screw rod 20 is controlled by the transmission system to rotate and drive the crossbeam 4 to move up and down. The transmission system includes a right screw pulley 11, a driving pulley motor 13, a driving pulley 14, a left screw pulley 15, a belt 16 and a driving pulley shaft 18. The driving pulley motor 13 is mounted on the base plate 12. The upper end of the driving pulley shaft 18 is fixedly mounted via a bearing and a clamping plate 17, and its lower end is fixed to the output shaft of the driving pulley motor 13. The driving pulley 14, the right screw pulley 11 and the left screw pulley 15 are respectively fixedly mounted on the driving pulley shaft 18 and the two screw rods 20. The belt 16 is mounted on the driving pulley 14, the right screw pulley 11 and the left screw pulley 15 to form a transmission connection.

[0054] The transmission system controls the screw rod 20 to rotate and drive the crossbeam 4 and the spliced ​​guide rail 8 hoisted under the crossbeam 4 to rise and fall, thereby realizing the up and down reciprocating linear motion of the spliced ​​guide rail 8, which has the advantages of long transmission distance, large transmission torque, adjustable transmission distance, smooth transmission process, and high control accuracy; by increasing the distance between the top plate 1 and the bottom plate 12, the length of the spliced ​​guide rail 8 can be increased, so that the range of guide rail lengths that can be simulated is larger.

[0055] like Figure 6-8As shown, the experimental loading system 10 includes an experimental roller 101, an upper dovetail slot bolt 102, a right bolt fixing frame 103, a loading shaft 104, a loading system fixing frame 108, a loading system motor 1011, a loading motor bracket 1012, a loading turbine 1013, a rolling bearing 1014, a double-headed loading screw 1015, a worm support frame 1016, a lower dovetail slot bolt 1017, a left bolt fixing frame 1019, a load-balancing spring 1023 and a roller bracket 1024.

[0056] The left and right bolt holders 1019, 103 are parallel to each other and mounted perpendicularly to the clamping plates 17 on the left and right sides of the splicing guide rail 8. The upper dovetail bolt 102 and the lower dovetail bolt 1017 are parallel to each other. The ends of the upper dovetail bolt 102 are inserted into the single dovetail holes provided in the left and right bolt holders 1019, 103, respectively, and secured by upper dovetail pins 1025. The ends of the lower dovetail bolt 1017 are inserted into the single dovetail holes provided in the left and right bolt holders 1019, 103, respectively, and secured by lower dovetail pins 1018. The roller bracket 1024 engages with the dovetail grooves provided in the upper and lower dovetail bolts 102, 1017, forming a sliding connection.

[0057] The experimental rollers 101 are provided with several roller shafts symmetrically mounted on the roller bracket 1024 and form rolling contact with the guide rail working surface 81 of the spliced ​​guide rail 8. Two loading shafts 104 are provided, one on each side of the roller bracket 1024, and each has a loading shaft head 1022 mounted on its front end. The two ends of the load-balancing spring 1023 are respectively mounted in the spring holes opened on the two loading shaft heads 1022. The loading shaft 104 is sleeved with a spherical bearing 1021, the outer ring of which is fixedly connected to the side of the roller bracket 1024 via a spherical bearing reinforcement rib 1020. The rear end of the loading shaft 104 is fixedly connected to the loading shaft connecting rod 105, and the other end of the loading shaft connecting rod 105 is hinged to the loading nut 107 via the loading system pin 106. The two ends of the double-ended loading screw 1015 are respectively connected to the two loading nuts 107 through threaded engagement. The loading turbine 1013 is installed in the middle of the double-ended loading screw 1015 and forms a fixed connection. The rolling bearing 1014 is installed on the polished rod portion of the double-ended loading screw 1015 and fixed to the loading system fixed frame 108 through a special bracket for the rolling bearing. The loading system motor 1011 is installed on the clamping plate 17, and its output shaft is equipped with a loading worm 109 through a coupling 1010. The loading worm 109 forms a worm gear engagement with the loading turbine 1013. When the loading system motor 1011 is started, the loading worm 109 and the loading turbine 1013 cooperate to drive the double-ended loading screw 1015 to expand and contract within the loading nut 107, and act on the two loading shafts 104 through the loading shaft connecting rod 105, ultimately causing several experimental rollers 101 to synchronously act on the splicing guide rail 8 for rolling contact.

[0058] Two loading system mounting brackets 108 are provided and are mounted on the clamping plates 17 on either side of the loading system motor 1011. The loading system motor 1011 is fixed to the two loading system mounting brackets 108 via the loading motor bracket 1012. A worm support bracket 1016 is provided above the loading system motor 1011 and fixed to the top of the two loading system mounting brackets 108. The top of the loading worm 109 is fixed to the worm support bracket 1016 via a bearing. The loading nut 107 is composed of a dovetail block structure nut and two side wing plates. The dovetail block structure nut is provided with a threaded hole in the center, which forms a threaded nut with the external thread provided at the end of the double-headed loading screw 1015. The outer periphery of the dovetail block structure nut is a double dovetail groove structure. The loading system fixing frame 108 is provided with upper and lower double dovetail structure holes, and the upper and lower double dovetail groove structures of the dovetail block structure nut are adapted to the upper and lower double dovetail structure holes of the loading system fixing frame 108. The loading nut 107 is engaged in the upper and lower double dovetail structure holes of the loading system fixing frame 108 and forms a sliding connection. The two side wing plates are respectively fixed on both sides of the front end surface of the dovetail block structure nut. The front ends of the two side wing plates are hinged to the other end of the loading shaft connecting rod 105 through the loading system pin 106. The sliding connection of the loading nut 107 in the loading system fixing frame 108 can help improve the rotational stability of the double-headed loading screw 1015.

[0059] The experimental loading system 10 is located outside the spliced ​​guide rail 8 above the guide system 19 and mounted on the clamping plate 17. The spliced ​​guide rail 8 is loaded under the control of the experimental loading system 10. The experimental loading system 10, mounted on the base plate 12, utilizes multiple test rollers 101 to uniformly load the spliced ​​guide rail 8 from both sides, simulating the load at the wheel-rail contact interface. This ensures uniform loading on both sides of the guide rail and improves the accuracy of the wheel-rail rolling contact fatigue test. Furthermore, the multiple test rollers 101 contact the surface of the spliced ​​guide rail, significantly shortening the test time.

[0060] The guide system 19 is arranged on the outside of the splicing guide rail 8 above the splicing plate 17 and is installed on the splicing plate 17. The splicing guide rail 8 is controlled by the guide system 19 to perform position limiting guidance.

[0061] like Figure 9 As shown, the guide system 19 consists of a main guide device and a side guide device.

[0062] The main steering device includes a main steering wheel 196 , a main steering frame 197 , a main steering bracket 198 , a main steering fixing nut 199 , a main steering screw 1910 and a main steering wheel shaft 1912 . There are two main guide brackets 198 and they are respectively fixed on the splints 17 on both sides of the back rear of the splicing guide rail 8. The main guide frame 197 is set between the two main guide brackets 198 and is installed in the dovetail grooves opened in the two main guide brackets 198 through the dovetail pins opened on both sides thereof to form a sliding connection. The main guide wheel 196 is set at the back rear of the splicing guide rail 8 and is fixed to the main guide frame 197 through the main guide wheel shaft 1912. The main guide fixing nut 199 is set on the rear side of the main guide frame 197 and is fixed to the main guide bracket 198. The main guide screw 1910 passes through the main guide fixing nut 199 and forms a bolt and nut fit with the main guide fixing nut 199. The front end of the main guide screw 1910 is axially connected to the main guide frame 197, and the rear end is equipped with a main guide screw tightening wrench 1911. By rotating and adjusting the main guide screw 1910 , the main guide frame 197 can be pushed to slide back and forth on the two main guide brackets 198 , and finally the main guide wheel 196 can achieve rolling contact with the guide rail back side 83 of the splicing guide rail 8 .

[0063] The side guide device includes a side guide screw 192, a side guide main roller 194, a side guide secondary roller 195, a side guide frame 1913, and a side guide bracket 1914. The side guide bracket 1914 is mounted on the clamping plate 17 in front of the spliced ​​guide rail 8. The side guide frame 1913 is provided with two dovetail pins, each of which is mounted on a dovetail groove on the rear end of the side guide bracket 1914 via a dovetail pin on its front end, forming a sliding connection. Two side guide main rollers 194 are provided, each mounted on a roller shaft provided on the two side guide frames 1913. The side guide main rollers 194 are capable of rolling contact with the guide rail working surface 81 of the spliced ​​guide rail 8. Two side guide secondary rollers 195 are provided, each located at the rear end of the two side guide main rollers 194 and fixed to the roller shaft of the side guide main rollers 194. The side guide secondary rollers 195 are capable of rolling contact with the guide rail secondary working surface 82 of the spliced ​​guide rail 8. Both the right and left bolt fixing frames 103 and 1019 are equipped with side guide fixing nuts 193. Two symmetrical side guide screws 192 are provided, each passing through the two side guide fixing nuts 193. The side guide screws 192 and the side guide fixing nuts 193 form a bolt-nut fit. The front ends of the two side guide screws 192 are axially connected to the two side guide frames 1913, respectively. The rear ends of the side guide screws 192 are each mounted with a side guide screw tightening wrench 191. The rotation of the two side guide screws 192 adjusts the contact force between the side guide primary roller 194 and the side guide secondary roller 195 and the splicing guide rail 8.

[0064] By installing the guide system 19 on the base plate, the splicing guide rail 8 can be limited and guided from multiple directions to ensure the smoothness of the reciprocating motion of the splicing guide rail 8 and the reliability of the experimental results; at the same time, it can adapt to many types of splicing guide rails 8 and has good use value and application prospects.

[0065] The present invention provides a wheel-rail rolling contact fatigue damage simulation test device with a compact structure, capable of simulating a wide range of guide rail lengths, adaptable to a variety of guide rail types, convenient clamping, uniform loading, convenient guiding, good stability, and high control accuracy. The device also greatly shortens the test time and reduces the test cost, providing a new experimental scheme for simulating real wheel-rail rolling contact fatigue experiments, and has good use value and application prospects.

[0066] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wheel-rail rolling contact fatigue damage simulation test device, characterized in that: It includes a frame assembly, a fixture system (7), a splicing guide rail (8), an experimental loading system (10), a transmission system and a guide system (19); The frame assembly comprises a top plate (1), a bottom plate (12) and an aluminum profile bracket (9), wherein the top plate (1) and the bottom plate (12) are parallel to each other and fixed by the aluminum profile bracket (9); two vertical screw rods (20) parallel to each other are provided between the top plate (1) and the bottom plate (12) inside the aluminum profile bracket (9), and the upper and lower ends of the screw rods (20) are respectively mounted on the top plate (1) and the bottom plate (12) through an axis rotation connection; The two screw rods (20) are mounted with a crossbeam (4) through threaded engagement. The screw rods (20) are controlled to rotate by a transmission system and drive the crossbeam (4) to move up and down. A clamping plate (17) is provided below the crossbeam (4) and is fixedly mounted on the aluminum profile bracket (9). A guide rail through-hole is provided in the center of the clamping plate (17). The splicing guide rail (8) used for the test is vertically arranged and its upper end is mounted on the lower end surface of the crossbeam (4) through a clamping system (7). Its lower end passes through the guide rail through-hole of the clamping plate (17); The guide system (19) is arranged on the outside of the splicing guide rail (8) above the splicing plate (17) and is installed on the splicing plate (17). The splicing guide rail (8) is controlled by the guide system (19) to perform position limiting guidance. The experimental loading system (10) is arranged outside the splicing guide rail (8) above the guide system (19) and is installed on the clamping plate (17). The splicing guide rail (8) is loaded by being controlled by the experimental loading system (10).

2. The wheel-rail rolling contact fatigue damage simulation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spliced ​​guide rail (8) is a T-shaped structure formed by splicing two L-shaped guide rails back to back. The L-shaped guide rail is composed of a waist plate and a bottom plate. The outer end surfaces of the waist plates of the two L-shaped guide rails are both guide rail working surfaces (81) of the spliced ​​guide rail (8), the upper end surfaces of the bottom plates of the two L-shaped guide rails are both guide rail auxiliary working surfaces (82) of the spliced ​​guide rail (8), and the lower end surfaces of the bottom plates of the two L-shaped guide rails are both guide rail back surfaces (83) of the spliced ​​guide rail (8).

3. The wheel-rail rolling contact fatigue damage simulation test device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The clamp system (7) includes a main wedge block (75), a clamp body (77) and a main tightening bolt (710), the clamp body (77) is composed of a clamp base, a main clamp block and a secondary clamp block, two main clamp blocks are provided and symmetrically installed under the clamp base, the secondary clamp block is provided on one side of the two main clamp blocks and installed under the clamp base, the inner end surfaces of the main clamp block and the secondary clamp block are both inclined inwardly; the main wedge blocks (75) are provided with two and are respectively installed in the inclined slide grooves provided on the inner end surfaces of the two main clamp blocks, the main tightening bolt (710) is provided with two main wedge blocks (75) ... 10) A mounting hole is provided on the fixture base and a main flat bottom pressure block (76) is installed at the bottom thereof, the edge of the main flat bottom pressure block (76) is engaged in the notch groove provided on the inner end faces of the two main wedge blocks (75), a main tightening nut (78) is installed on the main tightening bolt (710) above the fixture base through a threaded connection, and a main tightening nut wrench (79) is installed on the main tightening nut (78); the inner end faces of the two main wedge blocks (75) can respectively be squeezed into contact with the two guide rail working surfaces (81) at the upper end of the splicing guide rail (8).

4. The wheel-rail rolling contact fatigue damage simulation test device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The clamp system (7) further includes a secondary tightening bolt (71) and a secondary wedge block (74), wherein the secondary wedge block (74) is installed in an inclined slide groove provided on the inner end surface of the secondary clamp block, the secondary tightening bolt (71) passes through a threaded mounting hole provided on the clamp base and is threadedly engaged, and a secondary flat bottom pressure block (73) is installed at the bottom of the secondary tightening bolt (71), and the secondary flat bottom pressure block (73) is connected to the secondary wedge block (74) through a bearing, and a secondary tightening bolt wrench (72) is installed on the secondary tightening bolt (71), and the inner end surface of the secondary wedge block (74) can be squeezed into contact with the back surface (83) of the guide rail at the upper end of the splicing guide rail (8).

5. The wheel-rail rolling contact fatigue damage simulation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two screw rods (20) are both mounted with screw nuts (21) through threaded engagement, and fixed ear plates are provided on the outer walls of the screw nuts (21). Both ends of the crossbeam (4) are mounted with crossbeam connecting plates (3), and the crossbeam connecting plates (3) are fixedly connected to the fixed ear plates of the screw nuts (21) through crossbeam fixing bolts (2) and crossbeam fixing nuts (22).

6. The wheel-rail rolling contact fatigue damage simulation test device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A crossbeam clamp sleeve (5) is provided at the center of the lower end surface of the crossbeam (4), and the top end of the main tightening bolt (710) of the clamp system (7) is inserted into the crossbeam clamp sleeve (5), and the main tightening bolt (710) and the crossbeam clamp sleeve (5) are provided with corresponding clamp pin holes (711) that are mutually connected, and a clamp pin (6) is installed in the clamp pin hole (711).

7. The wheel-rail rolling contact fatigue damage simulation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission system comprises a right screw pulley (11), a driving pulley motor (13), a driving pulley (14), a left screw pulley (15), a belt (16) and a driving pulley shaft (18), wherein the driving pulley motor (13) is mounted on a base plate (12), an upper end of the driving pulley shaft (18) is fixedly mounted via a bearing and a clamping plate (17), and a lower end thereof is fixed to an output shaft of the driving pulley motor (13), the driving pulley (14), the right screw pulley (11) and the left screw pulley (15) are respectively fixedly mounted on the driving pulley shaft (18) and two screw rods (20), and the belt (16) is mounted on the driving pulley (14), the right screw pulley (11) and the left screw pulley (15) to form a transmission connection.

8. The wheel-rail rolling contact fatigue damage simulation test device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The experimental loading system (10) comprises an experimental roller (101), an upper dovetail slot plug (102), a right plug fixing frame (103), a loading shaft (104), a loading system motor (1011), a loading turbine (1013), a rolling bearing (1014), a double-headed loading screw (1015), a lower dovetail slot plug (1017), a left plug fixing frame (1019), a load-balancing spring (1023) and a roller bracket (1024); the left plug fixing frame (1019) and the right plug fixing frame (103) are parallel to each other and vertically mounted on the clamping plates (17) on the left and right sides of the splicing guide rail (8); the upper dovetail slot plug (102) and the lower dovetail slot plug (10 17) are parallel to each other, the two ends of the upper dovetail slot bolt (102) are respectively inserted into the single dovetail holes opened by the left bolt fixing frame (1019) and the right bolt fixing frame (103) and fixed by the upper dovetail slot pin (1025), and the two ends of the lower dovetail slot bolt (1017) are respectively inserted into the single dovetail holes opened by the left bolt fixing frame (1019) and the right bolt fixing frame (103) and fixed by the lower dovetail slot pin (1018); the roller bracket (1024) is engaged with the dovetail slots provided in the upper dovetail slot bolt (102) and the lower dovetail slot bolt (1017) to form a sliding connection, and the experimental roller (101) is provided with a plurality of symmetrically mounted roller brackets. The roller shaft of the wheel bracket (1024) forms rolling contact with the guide rail working surface (81) of the spliced ​​guide rail (8); two loading shafts (104) are provided and are respectively arranged on both sides of the roller bracket (1024), and the front ends of the loading shafts are respectively installed with loading shaft heads (1022), and the two ends of the load-balancing spring (1023) are respectively installed in the spring holes opened on the two loading shaft heads (1022); the loading shaft (104) is sleeved with a joint bearing (1021), and the outer ring of the joint bearing (1021) is fixedly connected to the side of the roller bracket (1024) through the joint bearing reinforcement rib (1020); the rear end of the loading shaft (104) is fixedly connected to the loading shaft connecting rod (105) The other end of the loading shaft connecting rod (105) is hinged with a loading nut (107) through a loading system pin (106); the two ends of the double-headed loading screw (1015) are respectively connected to the two loading nuts (107) through threaded matching, the loading turbine (1013) is installed in the middle of the double-headed loading screw (1015) and forms a fixed connection, the rolling bearing (1014) is installed on the light rod part of the double-headed loading screw (1015), the loading system motor (1011) is installed on the splint (17), and its output shaft is installed with a loading worm (109) through a coupling (1010), and the loading worm (109) and the loading turbine (1013) form a worm gear matching.

9. The wheel-rail rolling contact fatigue damage simulation test device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The experimental loading system (10) further includes a loading system fixing frame (108), a loading motor bracket (1012) and a worm support frame (1016), wherein the loading system fixing frame (108) is provided with two clamping plates (17) respectively mounted on both sides of the loading system motor (1011), and the loading system motor (1011) is fixed to the two loading system fixing frames (108) through the loading motor bracket (1012); the worm support frame (1016) is provided above the loading system motor (1011) and fixed to the top ends of the two loading system fixing frames (108), and the top end of the loading worm (109) is fixed to the worm support frame (1016) through a bearing; the loading nut (107) is composed of a dovetail block structure nut and two side The dovetail block structure nut is composed of a wing plate, a threaded hole is provided in the center of the dovetail block structure nut and forms a threaded nut with an external thread provided at the end of the double-head loading screw rod (1015), the outer periphery of the dovetail block structure nut is an upper and lower double dovetail groove structure, the loading system fixing frame (108) is provided with an upper and lower double dovetail structure hole, and the upper and lower double dovetail groove structures of the dovetail block structure nut are adapted to the upper and lower double dovetail structure holes of the loading system fixing frame (108), the loading nut (107) is engaged in the upper and lower double dovetail structure holes of the loading system fixing frame (108) and forms a sliding connection, the two side wing plates are respectively fixed on both sides of the front end surface of the dovetail block structure nut, and the front ends of the two side wing plates are hinged to the other end of the loading shaft connecting rod (105) through the loading system pin (106).

10. The wheel-rail rolling contact fatigue damage simulation test device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The guide system (19) consists of a main guide device and a side guide device; The main guide device comprises a main guide wheel (196), a main guide frame (197), a main guide bracket (198), a main guide fixing nut (199), a main guide screw (1910) and a main guide wheel shaft (1912). Two main guide brackets (198) are provided and are respectively fixed on the clamping plates (17) on both sides of the back of the splicing guide rail (8). The main guide frame (197) is provided between the two main guide brackets (198) and is installed in the dovetail grooves provided in the two main guide brackets (198) through the dovetail pins provided on both sides thereof to form a sliding connection. The wheel (196) is arranged at the rear of the back of the splicing guide rail (8) and is fixedly connected to the main guide frame (197) through the main guide wheel shaft (1912). The main guide fixing nut (199) is arranged at the rear side of the main guide frame (197) and is fixedly connected to the main guide bracket (198). The main guide screw (1910) passes through the main guide fixing nut (199) and forms a bolt-nut fit with the main guide fixing nut (199). The front end of the main guide screw (1910) is axially connected to the main guide frame (197), and the rear end is equipped with a main guide screw tightening wrench (1911); The side guide device comprises a side guide screw (192), a side guide main roller (194), a side guide auxiliary roller (195), a side guide frame (1913) and a side guide bracket (1914), wherein the side guide bracket (1914) is mounted on a clamping plate (17) in front of the splicing guide rail (8), the side guide frame (1913) is provided with two dovetail pins provided on its front end surface and is installed in a dovetail groove provided on the rear end surface of the side guide bracket (1914) to form a sliding connection, the side guide main roller (194) is provided with two and is respectively installed on the roller shafts provided on the two side guide frames (1913), and the side guide main roller (194) can form rolling contact with the guide rail working surface (81) of the splicing guide rail (8), and the side guide auxiliary roller (195) is provided with two and is respectively provided with At the rear ends of the two side guide main rollers (194) and fixed to the roller shafts of the side guide main rollers (194), the side guide auxiliary rollers (195) can form rolling contact with the guide rail auxiliary working surface (82) of the splicing guide rail (8), and the right plug fixing frame (103) and the left plug fixing frame (1019) are both provided with side guide fixing nuts (193). The side guide screw (192) is provided with two symmetrical ones and respectively penetrates the two side guide fixing nuts (193). The side guide screw (192) and the side guide fixing nut (193) form a bolt-nut fit. The front ends of the two side guide screws (192) are respectively connected to the two side guide frames (1913) for axial rotation, and the rear ends of the side guide screws (192) are both installed with side guide screw tightening wrenches (191).

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