Rapid detection method for fabric color fastness

Abstract

The invention provides a rapid detection method for fabric color fastness, and relates to the technical field of dyeing detection. The rapid detection method for the dyeing fastness of the fabric comprises the following steps: flatly attaching the fabric to the surface of a water-absorbing material, fixing, dropwise adding a polar organic solvent to the surface, far away from the water-absorbing material, of the fabric, enabling the part, wetted by the polar organic solvent, of the fabric to cling to and wet the water-absorbing material, and evaluating the staining grade after the wetted part of the water-absorbing material is dried. The whole operation time of the detection method disclosed by the invention can be within 10 minutes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of color fastness detection and relates to a rapid detection method for the color fastness of fabrics. Background Art

[0002] Color fastness is an important indicator for evaluating the quality of textile dyeing. Currently, there are multiple national standards for color fastness testing, including GB / T 3903.42-2019 (Test method for color migration of uppers, linings and insoles of footwear), GB / T 5713-2013 (Textiles - Tests for color fastness - Color fastness to water), GB / T 3922-2013 (Textiles - Tests for color fastness - Color fastness to perspiration), and GB / T 7074-1997 (Textiles - Tests for color fastness - Color fastness to organic solvents). Different national standards have different testing methods and produce varying results. For example, some test color fastness to organic solvents, while others test color fastness to perspiration. However, all of these standards suffer from the multiple steps and time-consuming nature of the testing process. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a method for quickly detecting the color fastness of fabrics.

[0004] The technical solutions of the present invention are as follows:

[0005] A rapid testing method for the color fastness of fabrics comprises the following steps: placing the fabric flat on the surface of a water-absorbing material and fixing it; dripping a polar organic solvent onto the surface of the fabric away from the water-absorbing material; causing the portion of the fabric wetted by the polar organic solvent to adhere closely to and wet the water-absorbing material; and evaluating the staining grade after the portion of the fabric wetted by the water-absorbing material is dried.

[0006] Preferably, the material of the fabric contains polyester, and the size of the fabric is (10-20) mm×(10-20) mm.

[0007] Preferably, the water-absorbing material is filter paper, and the size of the filter paper is not less than 3 times the size of the fabric.

[0008] Preferably, the fixing means that the edge of the fabric is fixed to the surface of the water-absorbing material.

[0009] More preferably, the fixing is performed by using staples, paper clips, tape or adhesive on the edge of the fabric.

[0010] Preferably, the polar organic solvent is selected from ethanol;

[0011] The purity of the ethanol is not less than 75%, and the amount of the ethanol added is (0.05-0.1) ml per 10 mm of the fabric.

[0012] More preferably, the purity of the ethanol is not less than 90%.

[0013] Preferably, the close contact means that the load of the fabric does not exceed 500g.

[0014] Preferably, the drying time is 1-10 minutes.

[0015] Preferably, the evaluation is a color fastness comparison according to the method of GB / T 251-2008 "Textiles — Tests for Color Fastness — Grey Scale for Staining".

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the fabric color fastness detection method of the present invention has short steps and low time consumption, and can complete the fabric color fastness detection within no more than 15 minutes. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated and described below through specific implementation methods.

[0018] The present invention provides a rapid detection method for the color fastness of fabrics. The method comprises the following steps: the fabric is flatly attached to the surface of a water-absorbing material and fixed; a polar organic solvent is dripped onto the surface of the fabric away from the water-absorbing material; the portion of the fabric wetted by the polar organic solvent is closely attached to and wets the water-absorbing material; and the portion of the fabric wetted by the water-absorbing material is dried, and then the staining grade is evaluated.

[0019] Polar organic solvents have good solubility for disperse dyes. The present invention uses a method for dissolving dyes using polar organic solvents to quickly test the color fastness of fabrics. Polar organic solvents are used to dissolve dyes with insufficient color fastness after fabric dyeing. The polar organic solvents penetrate and migrate to the water-absorbing material, causing the dyes dissolved, penetrated, and migrated to the water-absorbing material to adsorb on the surface of the water-absorbing material and develop color. The color staining grade is then evaluated by comparing the developed colors, and this is reflected as the color fastness of the dyeing. The worse the color fastness of the dyed fabric, the greater the amount of dye dissolved, penetrated, and migrated to the water-absorbing material by the polar organic solvent, and the more obvious the staining of the water-absorbing material, which can be used to form an evaluation of the color fastness grade. Therefore, the simple and effective method of the present invention can quickly evaluate the color fastness of fabrics, facilitating rapid testing of product color fastness during the fabric dyeing process and improving production efficiency.

[0020] In some embodiments, the material of the fabric contains polyester, and the size of the fabric is (10-20) mm × (10-20) mm. Under normal circumstances, polyester is not easy to dye or the color fastness after dyeing is not enough, and color fastness testing is required. In the present invention, the material of the fabric can be pure polyester, or it can be a blend of polyester and other materials, such as polyester-spandex. As for the size of the fabric, from the dimension of test convenience, it can be (10-20) mm × (10-20) mm, but it does not represent a limitation on the test method of the present invention. For example, the size of the fabric can be 10mm × 10mm, 10mm × 20mm, 20mm × 20mm, 10mm × 15mm, 15mm × 15mm, etc.

[0021] In some embodiments, the absorbent material is filter paper, and the size of the filter paper is no less than three times the size of the fabric. Filter paper is a porous paper material and is a commonly used absorbent material. It also has a fast absorption capacity for polar organic solvents and dries quickly, making it suitable for the detection method of the present invention. Furthermore, the filter paper can be a medium-speed qualitative filter paper. The size of the filter paper should be sufficient to fully cover the fabric being tested and can be three times the size of the fabric or more. For example, if the fabric size is 10mm x 10mm, the filter paper size can be a 30mm x 30mm square, a 30mm x 40mm rectangle, a 30mm diameter circle, a 40mm diameter circle, a 45mm diameter circle, etc.; for example, if the fabric size is 20mm x 20mm, the filter paper size can be a 60mm x 60mm square, a 70mm x 70mm square, an 80mm x 80mm square, a 60mm x 70mm rectangle, a 60mm diameter circle, a 70mm diameter circle, an 80mm diameter circle, etc.

[0022] In some embodiments, securing the edge of the fabric to the surface of the absorbent material can prevent the fabric from shifting due to external factors during testing, potentially affecting the test results. There are no specific limitations on the method for securing the fabric; for example, staples, paper clips, tape, or adhesives can be used to secure the edge of the fabric. Staples or paper clips are generally more convenient.

[0023] In the present invention, there is no particular limitation on the polar organic solvent, and it can be a commonly used volatile organic solvent such as ethanol, isopropanol, acetone, tetrahydrofuran, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, etc. In some embodiments, considering the environmental friendliness, safety, odor, dye solubility, drying rate, etc. of the polar organic solvent, ethanol is more suitable as the polar organic solvent, which has a low odor, high dye solubility, good environmental protection and safety, and is easy to evaporate and dry;

[0024] The purity of ethanol should be no less than 75%, and the amount of ethanol added should be 0.05-0.1 ml per 10 mm of fabric. Because ethanol dissolves dyes with limited color fastness, according to the principle of "like dissolves like," the purity of ethanol should not be less than 75%. For example, ethanol purity can be 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, or 100%. Ethanol can be a mixture of alcohol and water, ethanol and acetone, or ethanol and ethyl acetate. The amount of ethanol added should be appropriate, neither too much nor too little. Too much will cause the dissolved dye to diffuse excessively on the absorbent material's surface, resulting in varying degrees of staining across different areas of the material, affecting the color fastness evaluation. Too little will result in insufficient absorption of the dissolved ethanol by the absorbent material, leading to minimal surface staining, also affecting the color fastness evaluation. For example, when the fabric size is 10 mm x 10 mm, the amount of ethanol added can be (0.05-0.1) ml, when the fabric size is 10 mm x 20 mm, the amount of ethanol added can be (0.1-0.2) ml, and when the fabric size is 20 mm x 20 mm, the amount of ethanol added can be (0.2-0.4) ml. A pipette can be used to pipette the ethanol.

[0025] In some embodiments, the purity of the ethanol is not less than 90%. The higher the volume percentage of ethanol, the better the dye dissolution effect, the faster the dissolution, and the higher the solubility. For example, the purity of the ethanol can be 90%, 92%, 95%, 98%, 99%, 99.5%, 100%, etc.

[0026] In some embodiments, the load in close contact with the fabric does not exceed 500g. After the fabric absorbs the polar organic solvent, by loading the fabric surface, the polar organic solvent can be squeezed and adsorbed onto the water-absorbing material as much as possible, and the dissolved dye can be adsorbed onto the water-absorbing material as much as possible, which is more conducive to the evaluation of staining. There are no special restrictions on the loading method. You can use light pressure with your fingers, or you can apply a load object, such as a weight for weighing, to the surface of the fabric. In order to avoid or reduce the adhesion of the load object to the polar organic solvent, a layer of film that does not absorb polar organic solvents and dyes, such as a PE film, can be set between the fabric and the load object.

[0027] In some embodiments, the drying time is 1-10 minutes. Because the polar organic solvent employed in the present invention is volatile and used in relatively small amounts, drying and color development of the absorbent material can be achieved in a relatively short period of time at room temperature, thereby achieving the purpose of the present invention for rapid color fastness testing of fabrics. Furthermore, the drying time can be 2-6 minutes.

[0028] In some embodiments, the evaluation is based on a color fastness comparison using the method described in GB / T 251-2008, "Textiles - Tests for Color Fastness - Grey Scale for Assessing Staining." In this standard, the grey scale is divided into nine levels: 1, 1-2, 2, 2-3, 3, 3-4, 4, 4-5, and 5. The higher the level, the lighter the color of the scale, indicating less dissolved dye and higher color fastness of the fabric.

[0029] The technical solution of the present invention is further described and illustrated below based on various embodiments.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] At 25°C, lay a 15mm x 15mm piece of black polyester knitted fabric flat on the center of a 50mm diameter neutral filter paper. Staple the edges of the fabric to the medium-speed qualitative filter paper. Use a pipette to draw 0.2ml of 99.5% ethanol close to the fabric and drop it onto the center of the fabric. Then, gently press the fabric with your finger for 30 seconds. Remove your finger, and let the filter paper dry for 5 minutes. Evaluate the surface staining of the filter paper.

[0032] The evaluation method is to compare the staining of the filter paper surface with GB / T 251-2008 "Textiles - Tests for Colour Fastness - Grey Scale for Assessing Staining" to evaluate the colour fastness.

[0033] The detection method of this embodiment is compared with the existing standard in terms of detection time, and the results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0034] Table 1 Comparison of detection time of different detection methods

[0035]

[0036] Therefore, the results in Table 1 show that the time used by the detection method of the present invention is much shorter than that of the existing national standard detection method.

[0037] According to Example 1 and the above four national standards, 5 samples were tested respectively. The results are shown in Table 2 below.

[0038] Table 2 Color fastness test grades

[0039]

[0040] Therefore, the data results in Table 2 show that the detection method of this embodiment is basically close to the detection results of the four national standard methods, indicating that the detection method of the present invention has high accuracy and precision.

[0041] Example 2

[0042] At 25°C, lay a 10mm x 10mm dark red polyester-spandex knitted fabric flat on the center of a 30mm diameter neutral filter paper. Staple the edges of the fabric to the medium-speed qualitative filter paper. Use a pipette to draw 0.1ml of polar solvent close to the fabric and drop it onto the center of the fabric. Gently press the fabric with your finger for 30 seconds, remove your finger, and let the filter paper dry after 2 minutes. Evaluate the surface staining of the filter paper according to the method in Example 1. The entire test should take no more than 10 minutes.

[0043] In this embodiment, 90% pure ethanol aqueous solution, 95% pure ethanol aqueous solution and acetone were used as polar solvents for testing.

[0044] The results are shown in Table 3 below.

[0045] Table 3 Color fastness test grades

[0046]

[0047] From the data results in Table 3 above, it can be seen that a good evaluation result can be achieved by using an ethanol aqueous solution with a purity of 90%. When the purity of the ethanol used is increased or acetone is used, the accuracy and precision of the test results can be further improved.

[0048] As described above, the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention are shown and described. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In other words, equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the present invention and the contents of the specification should still fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed in the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A rapid detection method for fabric color fastness, characterized in that: The fabric is flatly placed on the surface of a water-absorbing material and fixed, and a polar organic solvent is dripped onto the surface of the fabric away from the water-absorbing material. The portion of the fabric wetted by the polar organic solvent is pressed against and wets the water-absorbing material. After the portion of the water-absorbing material wetted is dried, the staining grade is evaluated.

2. The rapid detection method for color fastness of fabrics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the fabric contains polyester, and the size of the fabric is (10-20) mm×(10-20) mm.

3. The rapid detection method for fabric color fastness according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water-absorbing material is filter paper, and the size of the filter paper is not less than 3 times the size of the fabric.

4. The rapid detection method for color fastness of fabrics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing means that the edge of the fabric is fixed to the surface of the water-absorbing material.

5. The rapid detection method for color fastness of fabrics according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fixing is performed by applying staples, paper clips, tape or adhesive to the edge of the fabric.

6. The rapid detection method for color fastness of fabrics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polar organic solvent is ethanol; The purity of the ethanol is not less than 75%, and the amount of the ethanol added is (0.05-0.1) ml per 10 mm of the fabric.

7. The rapid detection method for color fastness of fabrics according to claim 6, characterized in that: The purity of the ethanol is not less than 90%.

8. The rapid detection method for color fastness of fabrics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The close contact means that the load of the fabric does not exceed 500g.

9. The rapid detection method for color fastness of fabrics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drying time is 1-10 minutes.

10. The rapid detection method for color fastness of fabrics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The evaluation is a color fastness comparison based on the method of GB / T 251-2008 "Textiles - Tests for Color Fastness - Grey Scale for Staining".

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