A test system for simulating passive injection line break
By designing a test system that includes a full-pressure water supply tank simulator and a ruptured pipeline, the problem of simulating a passive safety injection pipeline rupture was solved, enabling comprehensive testing of the passive safety injection system and improving the safety and reliability of the nuclear reactor.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- NUCLEAR POWER INSTITUTE OF CHINA
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-14
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-10
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies are insufficient to simulate the rupture of passive safety injection pipes in advanced pressurized water reactors and to conduct tests on the ability of passive safety injection systems to mitigate loss-of-coolant accidents in the reactor core under various conditions, including double-end breakage of the balance pipe, double-end breakage of the DVI pipe, small-to-medium rupture in the balance pipe, and small-to-medium rupture in the DVI pipe.
Design a test system including a total pressure water supply tank simulator, a rupture pipeline, an isolation valve, and a rupture simulator. Through the cyclic flow between the total pressure water supply tank simulator and the pressure vessel simulator, combined with the isolation valve and the rupture simulator, simulate ruptures of different locations and sizes to conduct passive safety injection system response characteristic tests.
It achieved the maximum simulation of the test conditions of a passive safety injection pipeline rupture, provided a wealth of test data, provided a technical basis for the nuclear safety analysis and design of advanced pressurized water reactors, and improved the design reliability of passive safety injection systems.
Smart Images
Figure CN120581237B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application belongs to the field of reactor thermal-hydraulic technology, specifically relating to a test system for simulating the rupture of a passive safety injection pipeline. Background Technology
[0002] Third-generation nuclear power technology improves upon traditional active safety systems by employing advanced passive systems to enhance reactor safety. Passive safety systems utilize natural driving forces such as gas expansion, gravity flow, natural circulation, and convection, reducing reliance on active components like pumps, fans, and generators, simplifying reactor system design, and improving system reliability. The passive safety injection system uses a full-pressure makeup water tank for high-pressure injection. The top of the full-pressure makeup water tank is connected to the cold section of the main pipeline via a balance line, and the bottom is connected to the pressure vessel's downcomer chamber via a high-pressure injection line through the direct injection (DVI) main pipe. In the event of a reactor accident, the full-pressure makeup water tank is activated, both to replenish lost primary coolant and to cool the reactor core. It is evident that the passive safety injection system has a significant impact on the entire reactor accident process; any malfunction in the passive safety injection system can drastically reduce its ability to respond to loss-of-coolant accidents. Therefore, the design reliability of passive systems in response to nuclear reactor safety accidents is crucial. How to simulate the rupture of passive safety injection pipes in advanced pressurized water reactors and conduct tests on the ability of passive safety injection systems to mitigate loss-of-coolant accidents in the reactor core under conditions such as double-ended breakage of the balance pipe, double-ended breakage of the DVI pipe, small and medium breaks in the balance pipe, and small and medium breaks in the DVI pipe have become urgent problems to be solved. Summary of the Invention
[0003] The purpose of this application is to provide a test system for simulating passive safety injection pipeline rupture, and to solve the problem of how to simulate passive safety injection pipeline rupture in advanced pressurized water reactors.
[0004] The technical solution to achieve the purpose of this application is as follows:
[0005] This application provides a test system for simulating the rupture of a passive safety injection pipeline. The system includes: a full-pressure water supply tank simulator and a rupture pipeline.
[0006] The top of the total pressure water supply tank simulator is connected to the cold pipe section of the pressure vessel simulator via a balance pipeline, and the bottom is connected to the descending annular cavity of the pressure vessel simulator via a DVI main pipe, forming a circulating flow between the total pressure water supply tank simulator and the pressure vessel simulator.
[0007] A first isolation valve is installed on the balancing pipeline; the two ends of the rupture pipeline are respectively connected to the two ends of the first isolation valve through a second isolation valve and a third isolation valve;
[0008] A fourth isolation valve is installed on the DVI main pipe; the two ends of the rupture line are respectively connected to the two ends of the fourth isolation valve through a fifth isolation valve and a sixth isolation valve;
[0009] At least one rupture simulation element is connected in series on the rupture pipeline.
[0010] Optionally, multiple rupture simulation elements are connected in series on the rupture pipeline, and each rupture simulation element has a different aperture.
[0011] Optionally, the second, third, fifth, and sixth isolation valves are quick-opening valves.
[0012] Optionally, the system further includes: a steam-water separator;
[0013] A steam-water separator is connected downstream of the rupture simulation element to separate the steam and water phases after the pressure is released from the rupture simulation element.
[0014] Optionally, a steam flow meter is connected to the top of the steam-water separator.
[0015] Optionally, a condensate flow meter is connected to the bottom of the steam-water separator.
[0016] Optionally, when two rupture simulation elements are connected in series on the rupture pipeline: a first rupture simulation element and a second rupture simulation element, the steam-water separator is connected between the first rupture simulation element and the second rupture simulation element.
[0017] Optionally, a check valve is connected in series on the DVI main.
[0018] Optionally, a throttling device is also connected in series on the DVI main pipe.
[0019] Optionally, an injection start valve is also connected in series on the DVI main pipe.
[0020] The beneficial technical effects of this application are as follows:
[0021] This application provides a test system for simulating passive safety injection pipeline rupture, comprising: a total pressure water supply tank simulator and a rupture pipeline; the top of the total pressure water supply tank simulator is connected to the cold pipe section of a pressure vessel simulator via a balance pipeline, and the bottom is connected to the descending annular cavity of the pressure vessel simulator via a DVI main pipe, forming a circulating flow between the total pressure water supply tank simulator and the pressure vessel simulator; a first isolation valve is provided on the balance pipeline; the two ends of the rupture pipeline are respectively connected to the two ends of the first isolation valve via a second isolation valve and a third isolation valve; a fourth isolation valve is provided on the DVI main pipe; the two ends of the rupture pipeline are respectively connected to the two ends of the fourth isolation valve via a fifth isolation valve and a sixth isolation valve; wherein, at least one rupture simulation element is connected in series on the rupture pipeline. The embodiments of this application can be used to conduct passive safety injection system response characteristic tests under conditions of rupture at the balance pipe and DVI pipe, as well as double-ended failure. It can maximize the testing conditions of passive safety injection pipeline rupture, provide feedback on the design of passive safety injection systems for advanced nuclear reactors, and provide a solid technical foundation for nuclear safety review and nuclear safety analysis of advanced pressurized water reactors. Attached Figure Description
[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a test system for simulating the rupture of a passive safety injection pipeline, provided as an embodiment of this application.
[0023] In the picture:
[0024] 1-Pressure vessel simulator; 2-Core simulator; 3-Total pressure makeup water tank simulator; 4-Steam-water separator; 5-Cold pipe section; 6-Third isolation valve; 7-First isolation valve; 8-Balancing pipeline; 9-Second isolation valve; 10-First rupture simulator; 11-Fifth isolation valve; 12-Fourth isolation valve; 13-DVI main pipe; 14-Sixth isolation valve; 15-Second rupture simulator; 16-Steam flow meter; 17-Condensate flow meter; 18-Check valve; 19-Throttling device; 20-Safety injection start valve. Detailed Implementation
[0025] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand this application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments described in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0026] See Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of a test system for simulating the rupture of a passive safety injection pipeline provided in an embodiment of this application.
[0027] This application provides a test system for simulating the rupture of a passive safety injection pipeline, comprising: a full-pressure water supply tank 3 and a rupture pipeline;
[0028] The top of the total pressure water supply tank 3 is connected to the cold pipe section 5 of the pressure vessel 1 through the balance pipeline 8, and the bottom is connected to the descending annular cavity of the pressure vessel 1 through the DVI main pipe 13, forming a circulating flow between the total pressure water supply tank 3 and the pressure vessel 1.
[0029] A first isolation valve 7 is installed on the balance pipeline 8; the two ends of the rupture pipeline are respectively connected to the two ends of the first isolation valve 7 through a second isolation valve 9 and a third isolation valve 6;
[0030] A fourth isolation valve 12 is provided on the DVI main pipe 13; the two ends of the rupture pipeline are respectively connected to the two ends of the fourth isolation valve 12 through a fifth isolation valve 11 and a sixth isolation valve 14;
[0031] At least one rupture simulation element is connected in series on the rupture pipeline.
[0032] In this embodiment, the top of the total pressure water supply tank simulator 3 is connected to the cold pipe section 5 via a balance pipeline 8, and the bottom is connected to the descending annular cavity of the pressure vessel simulator 1 via a DVI main pipe 13, forming a circulating flow between the total pressure water supply tank simulator 3 and the pressure vessel simulator 1. The injection pipeline of the total pressure water supply tank simulator 1 can be equipped with a check valve and an isolation valve, used to control the flow direction and initiation of high-pressure injection, respectively. The throttling device of the high-pressure injection pipeline is used to adjust the flow resistance of the injection. At least one rupture simulator is connected in series on the rupture pipeline, which can be used to conduct passive injection system response characteristic tests under rupture and double-end disconnection conditions of the balance pipeline 8 and the DVI main pipe 13. The pipeline rupture simulation adopts the method of merging the two ends of the balanced pipeline 8 and the DVI main pipe 13 and passing through the rupture simulation component. This can realize the maximum test conditions of passive safety injection pipeline rupture, including: small and medium rupture of balanced pipeline 8, small and medium rupture of balanced pipeline 8 and DVI main pipe 13 at the same time, double-end rupture of balanced pipeline 8, small and medium rupture of DVI main pipe 13, double-end rupture of DVI main pipe 13, and double-end rupture of DVI main pipe 13 and balanced pipeline 8 at the same time.
[0033] In practical implementation, the pressure vessel simulator 1 and the full pressure water tank simulator 3 can be simulated according to the power-volume ratio criterion. The height of the heating section of the core simulator 2, the height of the pressure vessel simulator 1, the internal height of the full pressure water tank simulator 3, the height difference between the center of the heating section of the full pressure water tank simulator 3 and the core simulator 2, the elevation of the DVI main pipe 13 and the cold pipe section 5 are all consistent with the prototype, which can effectively simulate the high-pressure passive safety injection characteristics of the prototype advanced pressurized water reactor.
[0034] In some possible implementations of the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 1 As shown, multiple rupture simulation elements can be connected in series on the rupture pipeline. Each rupture simulation element has a different aperture, which can simulate the response characteristics of the passive safety injection system under different rupture sizes.
[0035] In practice, the second isolation valve 9, the third isolation valve 6, the fifth isolation valve 11, and the sixth isolation valve 14 can all be quick-opening valves.
[0036] In some possible implementations of the embodiments of this application, the system may further include: a steam-water separator 4;
[0037] The steam-water separator 4 is connected downstream of the rupture simulation element and is used to separate the steam and water phases after the pressure is released from the rupture simulation element.
[0038] Understandably, a steam-water separator 4 is installed downstream of the rupture simulation component to separate the steam and water phases that have been released from the rupture. After separation, the steam phase flows from the top of the steam-water separator 4 to the subsequent collection container, while the liquid phase flows from the bottom of the steam-water separator 4 into the collection container under the action of gravity.
[0039] In one example, a steam flow meter 16 is connected to the top of the steam-water separator 4.
[0040] In another example, a condensate flow meter 17 is connected to the bottom of the steam-water separator 4.
[0041] Understandably, after the coolant flows through the rupture, it is separated by the steam-water separator 4, and the steam flow rate and condensate flow rate are measured by the steam flow meter 16 and the condensate flow meter 17, respectively. This allows for real-time monitoring of the amount of coolant lost from the rupture, which can then be used to assess the amount of water lost from the nuclear reactor system.
[0042] In specific implementation, when two rupture simulation elements are connected in series on the rupture pipeline: the first rupture simulation element 10 and the second rupture simulation element 15, the steam-water separator 4 can be connected between the first rupture simulation element 10 and the second rupture simulation element 15.
[0043] In some possible implementations of this application, a check valve 18 is connected in series on the DVI main pipe 13.
[0044] In one example, a throttling device 19 is also connected in series on the DVI main pipe 13.
[0045] In another example, an injection start valve 20 is also connected in series on the DVI main pipe 13.
[0046] The following is a detailed explanation of a test system for simulating the rupture of a passive safety injection pipeline provided in this application, using a specific example.
[0047] The specific implementation method of the test system for simulating passive safety injection pipeline rupture provided in this application embodiment is as follows:
[0048] 1. Fabricate pressure vessel simulator 1 according to the equipment design drawings, assemble pressure vessel simulator 1 with core simulator 2, full-pressure water supply tank simulator 3, steam-water separator 4 and other equipment, and complete the processing and manufacturing of valves, flow meters and pipelines according to technical requirements.
[0049] 2. According to the equipment layout diagram, fix the pressure vessel simulator 1, the total pressure water supply tank simulator 3, and the steam-water separator 4 in the designated positions, and complete the installation of pipelines, valves, and flow meters according to the construction isometric drawing.
[0050] 3. Install a double-ended fracture simulation piece at the fracture simulation piece.
[0051] 4. Close valves 6, 9, 11 and 14, open valves 7, 12 and 20 to make the entire circuit connected, fill the entire circuit with water, and then close valve 20.
[0052] 5. Start the core simulator to heat and pressurize the loop to a steady-state operating condition, switch all valves from manual to automatic control, and close valve 12.
[0053] 6. Initiate the accident sequence. Valves 11 and 14 are opened according to the sequence settings. The primary circuit is depressurized through the rupture. After the safety injection signal arrives, valve 20 is automatically opened. The full-pressure water supply tank simulator is put into operation to perform high-pressure safety injection. Each system is put into operation in sequence until the test ends, completing the double-end rupture accident test of the DVI main pipe.
[0054] 7. Maintain the above dimensions of the rupture simulation component. After the system reaches steady-state operation, close valve 7. In the accident sequence, change the rupture valve start-up (start valves 6 and 9) and carry out the double-end water loss accident test of the balance pipe according to the same procedure.
[0055] 8. Maintaining the above-mentioned fracture simulation component dimensions, after the system reaches steady-state operation, simultaneously close valves 7 and 12. In the accident sequence, start valves 6, 9, 11, and 14, and conduct extreme fracture water loss accident tests of the balance pipe double-end fracture and DVI pipe double-end fracture according to the same procedure.
[0056] 9. Replace the size of the rupture simulation component with a small to medium rupture. During the execution of the accident sequence, activate valves 6 (or 9) and 14 (or 11) respectively to control the activation of the rupture position and conduct water loss accident tests with small to medium ruptures in the balance pipe, small to medium ruptures in the DVI pipe, or both occurring simultaneously.
[0057] This application provides a test system for simulating passive safety injection pipeline rupture. A balance line connects to the top of the total pressure makeup water tank simulator, while a DVI safety injection manifold connects the bottom of the total pressure makeup water tank simulator to the descending annular cavity of the pressure vessel simulator, effectively simulating the natural circulation between the total pressure makeup water tank and the pressure vessel. By installing isolation valves on the balance line and the DVI safety injection manifold, and merging the rupture pipeline before the rupture simulator, the system achieves maximum simulation of loss-of-coolant accidents at different locations and sizes in the passive safety injection system. This system can be used to study the system response characteristics under loss-of-coolant accident conditions in advanced pressurized water reactor passive safety injection systems, providing abundant experimental data for the design and safety analysis of prototype nuclear reactor passive safety injection systems.
[0058] The present application has been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. However, the present application is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present application. All content not described in detail in this application can be derived from existing technology.
Claims
1. A test system for simulating passive safety injection pipeline rupture, characterized in that, The system includes: a full-pressure water supply tank simulator (3) and a breach pipeline; The top of the total pressure water supply tank simulator (3) is connected to the cold pipe section (5) of the pressure vessel simulator (1) through the balance pipeline (8), and the bottom is connected to the descending ring cavity of the pressure vessel simulator (1) through the DVI main pipe (13). A circulating flow is formed between the total pressure water supply tank simulator (3) and the pressure vessel simulator (1). A first isolation valve (7) is installed on the balancing pipeline (8); the two ends of the rupture pipeline are respectively connected to the two ends of the first isolation valve (7) through a second isolation valve (9) and a third isolation valve (6); A fourth isolation valve (12) is provided on the DVI main pipe (13); the two ends of the broken pipeline are respectively connected to the two ends of the fourth isolation valve (12) through the fifth isolation valve (11) and the sixth isolation valve (14); At least one rupture simulation element is connected in series on the rupture pipeline.
2. The test system for simulating passive safety injection pipeline rupture according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple rupture simulation elements are connected in series on the rupture pipeline, and each rupture simulation element has a different aperture.
3. The test system for simulating passive safety injection pipeline rupture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second isolation valve (9), the third isolation valve (6), the fifth isolation valve (11), and the sixth isolation valve (14) are quick-opening valves.
4. The test system for simulating passive safety injection pipeline rupture according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The system further includes: a steam-water separator (4); A steam-water separator (4) is connected downstream of the rupture simulation element to separate the steam and water phases after the pressure is released from the rupture simulation element.
5. The test system for simulating passive safety injection pipeline rupture according to claim 4, characterized in that, A steam flow meter (16) is connected to the top of the steam-water separator (4).
6. The test system for simulating passive safety injection pipeline rupture according to claim 4, characterized in that, A condensate flow meter (17) is connected to the bottom of the steam-water separator (4).
7. The test system for simulating passive safety injection pipeline rupture according to claim 4, characterized in that, When two rupture simulation elements are connected in series on the rupture pipeline: a first rupture simulation element (10) and a second rupture simulation element (15), the steam-water separator (4) is connected between the first rupture simulation element (10) and the second rupture simulation element (15).
8. The test system for simulating passive safety injection pipeline rupture according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, A check valve (18) is connected in series on the DVI main pipe (13).
9. The test system for simulating passive safety injection pipeline rupture according to claim 8, characterized in that, A throttling device (19) is also connected in series on the DVI main pipe (13).
10. The test system for simulating passive safety injection pipeline rupture according to claim 8, characterized in that, An injection start valve (20) is also connected in series on the DVI main pipe (13).