Reactor relief system

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of reactor pressure relief system, it is related to nuclear power technology field, including reactor, pressure relief tank, first pressure relief pipeline, first rupture disc, first isolation valve and second isolation valve.First pressure relief pipeline has first pressure relief end and second pressure relief end, first pressure relief end is communicated with the inside of reactor, and second pressure relief end is communicated with the inside of pressure relief tank;First rupture disc is connected in first pressure relief pipeline, to isolate first pressure relief end and second pressure relief end;First isolation valve is connected in first pressure relief pipeline, and it is located between first rupture disc and first pressure relief end;Second isolation valve is connected in first pressure relief pipeline, and it is located between first rupture disc and second pressure relief end.The reactor pressure relief system in the utility model embodiment has first state and second state, by switching different state, adverse effect caused by reactor, pressure relief tank and outside each other in the process of replacing rupture disc can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of nuclear power technology, specifically to a reactor depressurization system. Background Technology

[0002] In related technologies, nuclear power plant reactors require dedicated depressurization systems to prevent gas overpressure during accident conditions, thereby protecting the reactor vessel and ensuring nuclear safety. Existing depressurization systems use rupture discs to achieve this function. When a reactor accident occurs, the rupture discs installed in the depressurization pipeline automatically rupture, allowing the high-temperature, high-pressure gas, vapor, and liquid mixture inside the reactor to flow through the pipeline into an external depressurization tank.

[0003] However, the rupture discs in the above scheme can only be used once. In the process of restoring the reactor to normal operating conditions, the old rupture discs need to be removed and new rupture discs need to be installed. At this time, the reactor and the pressure relief tank are directly connected to the outside world. The contents of the reactor and the pressure relief tank will mix with the substances in the outside world, which will cause pollution to the reactor, the pressure relief tank and the outside world. Utility Model Content

[0004] This invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this invention proposes a reactor depressurization system that can reduce the adverse effects between the reactor, the depressurization tank, and the external environment during the replacement of rupture discs.

[0005] A reactor depressurization system according to a first aspect embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0006] reactor;

[0007] Pressure relief box;

[0008] The first pressure relief pipe has a first pressure relief end and a second pressure relief end, the first pressure relief end being connected to the interior of the reactor, and the second pressure relief end being connected to the interior of the pressure relief tank;

[0009] A first rupture disc is connected to the first pressure relief pipe to isolate the first pressure relief end and the second pressure relief end;

[0010] The first isolation valve is connected to the first pressure relief pipe and is located between the first rupture disc and the first pressure relief end;

[0011] The second isolation valve is connected to the first pressure relief pipe and is located between the first rupture disc and the second pressure relief end;

[0012] The reactor depressurization system has a first state and a second state. In the first state, both the first isolation valve and the second isolation valve are open.

[0013] In the second state, the first isolation valve is closed to isolate the first pressure relief end from the first rupture disc, and the second isolation valve is closed to isolate the second pressure relief end from the first rupture disc; the first rupture disc can be separated from the first pressure relief pipe.

[0014] The reactor depressurization system according to the embodiments of this utility model has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0015] In the first state, the first and second ends of the first pressure relief pipe are isolated only by the first rupture disc. If an accident occurs in the reactor and the internal pressure increases, the rupture disc will break open on its own and connect the first and second ends of the first pressure relief pipe. The high-temperature and high-pressure gas, vapor and liquid mixture inside the reactor can enter the pressure relief box through the first pressure relief pipe, and the internal pressure of the reactor will decrease.

[0016] In the second state, both the first and second isolation valves are closed. When the rupture disc is separated from the first pressure relief pipe, the first isolation valve prevents the reactor contents from flowing from the first end of the first pressure relief pipe to the side near the first rupture disc, thereby preventing the reactor contents from mixing with external substances and avoiding contamination of the reactor interior and exterior. The second isolation valve prevents the contents of the pressure relief tank from flowing from the second end of the first pressure relief pipe to the side near the first rupture disc, thereby preventing the contents of the pressure relief tank from mixing with external substances and avoiding contamination of the pressure relief tank interior and exterior.

[0017] According to some embodiments of the present invention, it further includes a second pressure relief pipe and a second rupture disc. The second pressure relief pipe has a third pressure relief end and a fourth pressure relief end. The second rupture disc is connected to the second pressure relief pipe to isolate the third pressure relief end and the fourth pressure relief end. Both the third pressure relief end and the fourth pressure relief end are connected to the first pressure relief pipe. The third pressure relief end is located between the first isolation valve and the first rupture disc, and the fourth pressure relief end is located between the second isolation valve and the first rupture disc.

[0018] According to some embodiments of this utility model, it further includes a second pressure relief pipe, a second rupture disc, a third isolation valve, and a fourth isolation valve. The second pressure relief pipe has a third pressure relief end and a fourth pressure relief end. The third pressure relief end communicates with the interior of the reactor, and the fourth pressure relief end communicates with the interior of the pressure relief tank. The second rupture disc is connected to the second pressure relief pipe to isolate the third pressure relief end and the fourth pressure relief end. The third isolation valve is connected to the second pressure relief pipe and is located between the second rupture disc and the third pressure relief end. The fourth isolation valve is connected to the second pressure relief pipe and is located between the second rupture disc and the fourth pressure relief end.

[0019] The reactor depressurization system also has a third state in which both the third isolation valve and the fourth isolation valve are open in the first and second states; in the third state, both the first isolation valve and the second isolation valve are open, the third isolation valve is closed to isolate the third depressurization end from the second rupture disc, the fourth isolation valve is closed to isolate the fourth depressurization end from the second rupture disc, and the second rupture disc can be separated from the second depressurization pipe.

[0020] According to some embodiments of the present invention, it further includes a containment vessel, the containment vessel having a reaction chamber inside, a clearance hole provided on the side of the containment vessel, the reactor being housed in the reaction chamber, and the pressure relief box being located outside the containment vessel; the first pressure relief pipe passes through the clearance hole and is sealed to the inner wall of the clearance hole.

[0021] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the first rupture disc is located within the reaction chamber.

[0022] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the first pressure relief pipeline includes a first pressure relief section, a first explosion-proof section, and a second pressure relief section; the inlet end of the first pressure relief section is connected to the interior of the reactor, the outlet end of the first pressure relief section is connected to the inlet end of the first explosion-proof section, the outlet end of the first explosion-proof section is connected to the inlet end of the second pressure relief section, and the outlet end of the second pressure relief section is connected to the interior of the pressure relief box; the first isolation valve is disposed in the first pressure relief section; the second isolation valve is disposed in the second pressure relief section; the first rupture disc is disposed in the first explosion-proof section; in the second state, the first explosion-proof section is detachably connected to the first pressure relief section and the second pressure relief section.

[0023] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the reactor depressurization system further includes a pressure-stabilizing pipeline and a one-way valve. The pressure-stabilizing pipeline has a first pressure-stabilizing end and a second pressure-stabilizing end. The first pressure-stabilizing end is connected to the interior of the depressurization tank and is located below the first pressure-stabilizing end. The second pressure-stabilizing end is connected to the first pressure-stabilizing pipeline and is located between the second isolation valve and the second pressure-stabilizing end. The one-way valve is connected to the pressure-stabilizing pipeline to prevent the contents of the first pressure-stabilizing pipeline from flowing from the second pressure-stabilizing end to the first pressure-stabilizing end, and to allow the contents of the depressurization tank to flow from the first pressure-stabilizing end to the second pressure-stabilizing end.

[0024] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the reactor depressurization system further includes a buffer tank and a dredging pipe. One end of the dredging pipe is connected to the interior of the depressurization tank and is higher than the second depressurization end. The other end of the dredging pipe is connected to the interior of the buffer tank.

[0025] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the reactor depressurization system further includes a first regulating component, which is connected to the interior of the depressurization tank and is used to regulate the liquid level in the depressurization tank;

[0026] And / or, the reactor depressurization system further includes a second regulating component, which communicates with the interior of the depressurization tank and is used to regulate the gas pressure in the depressurization tank.

[0027] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the reactor depressurization system further includes a spraying component, which includes a body and a plurality of protrusions, each of which is connected to the body; different protrusions have different protrusion directions relative to the body; the body has a spraying cavity communicating with the second depressurization end, each of the protrusions has a plurality of bubbling holes, each of which is connected to the interior of the spraying cavity and the depressurization box.

[0028] Additional aspects and advantages of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0029] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, wherein:

[0030] Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram of a reactor decompression system according to some embodiments of the first aspect of this utility model;

[0031] Figure 2 This is an overall schematic diagram of a reactor decompression system according to some embodiments of the second aspect of this utility model;

[0032] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the spraying component.

[0033] Figure label:

[0034] Reactor 100;

[0035] Pressure relief box 200;

[0036] First pressure relief pipe 300, first pressure relief end 310, second pressure relief end 320, first pressure relief section 330, first explosion-proof section 340, second pressure relief section 350;

[0037] First blast fragment: 400;

[0038] First isolation valve 500;

[0039] Second isolation valve 600;

[0040] Second pressure relief pipe 700, third pressure relief end 710, fourth pressure relief end 720;

[0041] Second blast fragment 800;

[0042] Third isolation valve 900;

[0043] Fourth isolation valve 1000;

[0044] Containment 1100, reaction chamber 1110, clearance hole 1120;

[0045] Pressure stabilizing pipe 1200, first pressure stabilizing terminal 1210, second pressure stabilizing terminal 1220;

[0046] 1300 check valve;

[0047] Buffer tank 1400;

[0048] Unblocking the pipes: 1500;

[0049] First regulating component 1600, first regulating pipe 1610, first regulating valve 1620, second regulating pipe 1630, second regulating valve 1640;

[0050] Second regulating component 1700, third regulating pipe 1710, third regulating valve 1720;

[0051] Spraying component 1800, body 1810, spraying chamber 1811, first protrusion 1820A, second protrusion 1820B, third protrusion 1820C, bubbling hole 1821. Detailed Implementation

[0052] The embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting this utility model.

[0053] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the directional descriptions, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., indicate the directional or positional relationship based on the directional or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0054] In the description of this utility model, "several" means one or more, "multiple" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. The use of "first" and "second" in the description is merely for distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0055] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly defined, terms such as "setting," "installation," and "connection" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0056] In the description of this utility model, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of this utility model. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0057] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 As shown, this utility model proposes a reactor depressurization system. The reactor depressurization system of this utility model includes a reactor 100, a depressurization tank 200, a first depressurization pipeline 300, and a first rupture disc 400.

[0058] The first pressure relief pipe 300 of this utility model has a first pressure relief end 310 and a second pressure relief end 320. The first pressure relief end 310 is connected to the interior of the reactor 100, and the second pressure relief end 320 is connected to the interior of the pressure relief box 200. A first rupture disc 400 is connected to the first pressure relief pipe 300 to isolate the first pressure relief end 310 and the second pressure relief end 320.

[0059] Existing pressure relief systems directly utilize rupture discs to achieve pressure relief. During normal reactor operation, the rupture discs can withstand the pressure of the reactor's internal environment, thus maintaining isolation between the reactor's internal environment and the pressure relief tank's internal environment. This prevents the substances inside the pressure relief tank from mixing with those inside the reactor during normal reactor operation, which could have adverse effects. In the event of a reactor accident, a high-temperature, high-pressure mixture of gas, vapor, and liquid forms inside the reactor. If the internal pressure exceeds the rupture disc's withstand threshold, the disc will rupture, allowing the high-temperature, high-pressure mixture of gas, vapor, and liquid to enter the pressure relief tank, reducing the reactor's internal pressure.

[0060] However, to restore the depressurization function of the aforementioned depressurization system, workers need to remove the old rupture discs and install new ones. In some technologies, the depressurization pipeline connecting the inside of the depressurization tank and the inside of the reactor is equipped with a rupture disc holder, and the rupture disc is installed inside the holder. When replacement is needed, workers remove the old rupture disc from the holder and install the new one. During this disassembly and assembly process, the inside of the reactor and the inside of the depressurization tank are connected to the outside environment. The contents of the reactor and the depressurization tank can mix with external substances, thus causing contamination to the reactor, the depressurization tank, and the surrounding environment.

[0061] In view of this, please refer to Figure 1 As shown, the reactor depressurization system of this utility model also includes a first isolation valve 500 and a second isolation valve 600. The first isolation valve 500 is connected to the first depressurization pipe 300 and is located between the first rupture disc 400 and the first depressurization end 310. The second isolation valve 600 is connected to the first depressurization pipe 300 and is located between the first rupture disc 400 and the second depressurization end 320.

[0062] By adjusting the opening and closing of the first isolation valve 500 and the second isolation valve 600, the reactor depressurization system can be brought into the required state. Specifically, the reactor depressurization system of this invention has a first state and a second state.

[0063] In the first state, both the first isolation valve 500 and the second isolation valve 600 are open. The first depressurization end 310 and the second depressurization end 320 are isolated only by the first rupture disc 400. Therefore, after an accident occurs in the reactor 100 and the internal pressure increases, the first rupture disc 400 will break open on its own and connect the first depressurization end 310 and the second depressurization end 320. The high-temperature and high-pressure gas, vapor, and liquid mixture inside the reactor 100 can enter the depressurization tank 200 through the first depressurization pipe 300, and the internal pressure of the reactor 100 will decrease.

[0064] In the second state, the first isolation valve 500 is closed to isolate the first pressure relief end 310 from the first rupture disc 400, and the second isolation valve 600 is closed to isolate the second pressure relief end 320 from the first rupture disc 400; the first rupture disc 400 can be separated from the first pressure relief pipe 300. With both the first isolation valve 500 and the second isolation valve 600 closed, when the first rupture disc 400 is separated from the first pressure relief pipe 300, the first isolation valve 500 prevents the contents of the reactor 100 from flowing from the first pressure relief end 310 to the side near the first rupture disc 400, thereby preventing the contents of the reactor 100 from mixing with external substances and avoiding contamination of the reactor 100's interior and exterior. The second isolation valve 600 prevents the contents of the pressure relief tank 200 from flowing from the second pressure relief end 320 to the side near the first rupture disc 400, thereby preventing the contents of the pressure relief tank 200 from mixing with external substances and avoiding contamination of the pressure relief tank 200's interior and exterior.

[0065] Without departing from the inventive concept of this utility model, those skilled in the art can choose their own schemes for opening and closing the first isolation valve 500 and the second isolation valve 600 to switch the reactor depressurization system to the first state or the second state. In some embodiments, the opening and closing states of the first isolation valve 500 and the second isolation valve 600 are each adjusted by different mechanical valves, and operators can adjust the opening and closing states of the isolation valves by adjusting the mechanical valves of the first isolation valve 500 and the second isolation valve 600 respectively. In some embodiments, the reactor depressurization system includes a drive device that can simultaneously drive the first isolation valve 500 and the second isolation valve 600 to open, and can also simultaneously drive the first isolation valve 500 and the second isolation valve 600 to close. By simultaneously driving the first isolation valve 500 and the second isolation valve 600, the states of the first isolation valve 500 and the second isolation valve 600 can be quickly adjusted, accelerating maintenance efficiency. The aforementioned drive device can be a hydraulic device, an electric device, etc.

[0066] Further, please refer to Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the reactor depressurization system further includes a second depressurization conduit 700 and a second rupture disc 800. The second depressurization conduit 700 has a third depressurization end 710 and a fourth depressurization end 720. The second rupture disc 800 is connected to the second depressurization conduit 700 to isolate the third depressurization end 710 and the fourth depressurization end 720. Both the third depressurization end 710 and the fourth depressurization end 720 are connected to the first depressurization conduit 300. The third depressurization end 710 is located between the first isolation valve 500 and the first rupture disc 400, and the fourth depressurization end 720 is located between the second isolation valve 600 and the first rupture disc 400.

[0067] With the above scheme, if an accident occurs in reactor 100 and the first rupture disc 400 fails to rupture due to unforeseen circumstances, the high pressure inside reactor 100 can cause the second rupture disc 800 to rupture, thereby connecting the interior of reactor 100 with the interior of pressure relief tank 200. The high-temperature and high-pressure gas, vapor and liquid mixture inside reactor 100 can flow into the interior of pressure relief tank 200 through the first pressure relief pipe 300.

[0068] On the other hand, if an accident occurs in reactor 100 and the second rupture disc 800 fails to rupture due to unforeseen circumstances, the high pressure inside reactor 100 can cause the first rupture disc 400 to rupture, thereby connecting the interior of reactor 100 with the interior of pressure relief tank 200. The high-temperature and high-pressure gas, vapor and liquid mixture inside reactor 100 can flow into the interior of pressure relief tank 200 through the first pressure relief pipe 300.

[0069] The above-described solution enables the reactor 100 to connect with the pressure relief tank 200 by rupturing another rupture disc connected in parallel when one rupture disc fails to rupture, thereby achieving pressure relief of the reactor 100 and improving the stability of the pressure relief function. Without departing from the inventive concept of this utility model, those skilled in the art can further enhance the stability of the reactor pressure relief system by adding pipelines and, given that the first rupture disc 400 and the second rupture disc 800 are already provided in the embodiment, by further connecting more rupture discs in parallel.

[0070] Further, please refer to Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the reactor depressurization system further includes a second depressurization conduit 700, a second rupture disc 800, a third isolation valve 900, and a fourth isolation valve 1000. The second depressurization conduit 700 has a third depressurization end 710 and a fourth depressurization end 720. The third depressurization end 710 communicates with the interior of the reactor 100, and the fourth depressurization end 720 communicates with the interior of the depressurization tank 200. The second rupture disc 800 is connected to the second depressurization conduit 700 to isolate the third depressurization end 710 and the fourth depressurization end 720. The third isolation valve 900 is connected to the second depressurization conduit 700 and is located between the second rupture disc 800 and the third depressurization end 710. The fourth isolation valve 1000 is connected to the second depressurization conduit 700 and is located between the second rupture disc 800 and the fourth depressurization end 720.

[0071] As previously mentioned, the required state of the reactor depressurization system can be further adjusted by regulating the opening and closing of the first isolation valve 500 and the second isolation valve 600. In the above embodiment, the reactor depressurization system also has a third state.

[0072] In the first state, the first isolation valve 500, the second isolation valve 600, the third isolation valve 900, and the fourth isolation valve 1000 are all open. The first decompression end 310 and the second decompression end 320 are isolated only by the first rupture disc 400, and the third decompression end 710 and the fourth decompression end 720 are isolated only by the second rupture disc 800. Therefore, if an accident occurs in reactor 100 causing an increase in internal pressure, and if either the first rupture disc 400 or the second rupture disc 800 fails to rupture, the rupture of the other disc will connect the interior of reactor 100 with the interior of the decompression tank 200, thus achieving decompression of reactor 100. The stability of the reactor decompression system's decompression function is improved.

[0073] In the second state, the first isolation valve 500 is closed to isolate the first depressurization end 310 from the first rupture disc 400, and the second isolation valve 600 is closed to isolate the second depressurization end 320 from the first rupture disc 400; the first rupture disc 400 can be separated from the first depressurization pipe 300; the third isolation valve 900 and the fourth isolation valve 1000 are both open. When the reactor depressurization system is in the second state, and the operator separates the first rupture disc 400 from the first depressurization pipe 300, the closed first isolation valve 500 and second isolation valve 600 can prevent the contents of the reactor 100, the contents of the depressurization tank 200, and external substances from mixing, thus avoiding contamination of the inside and outside of the depressurization tank. Meanwhile, since the third decompression end 710 and the fourth decompression end 720 are isolated only by the second rupture disc 800, after an accident occurs in the reactor 100 and the internal pressure increases, the second rupture disc 800 can break open on its own and connect the third decompression end 710 and the fourth decompression end 720. The high-temperature and high-pressure gas, vapor and liquid mixture inside the reactor 100 can enter the decompression tank 200 through the second decompression pipe 700, and the internal pressure of the reactor 100 will decrease.

[0074] In the third state, both the first isolation valve 500 and the second isolation valve 600 are open, the third isolation valve 900 is closed to isolate the third pressure relief end 710 from the second rupture disc 800, and the fourth isolation valve 1000 is closed to isolate the fourth pressure relief end 720 from the second rupture disc 800. The second rupture disc 800 can be separated from the second pressure relief pipe 700. When the reactor depressurization system is in the third state, and the operator separates the second rupture disc 800 from the second pressure relief pipe 700, the closed third isolation valve 900 and fourth isolation valve 1000 can prevent the contents of the reactor 100, the contents of the pressure relief tank 200, and external substances from mixing, thus avoiding contamination of the inside and outside of the pressure relief tank. Meanwhile, since the first depressurization end 310 and the second depressurization end 320 are isolated only by the second rupture disc 800, after an accident occurs in the reactor 100 and the internal pressure increases, the first rupture disc 400 can break open on its own and connect the first depressurization end 310 and the second depressurization end 320. The high-temperature and high-pressure gas, vapor and liquid mixture inside the reactor 100 can enter the depressurization box 200 through the first depressurization pipe 300, and the internal pressure of the reactor 100 will decrease.

[0075] With the above scheme, when the staff is performing maintenance work on one of the rupture discs, the other rupture disc can rupture in the event of an accident in reactor 100, thereby depressurizing reactor 100 and facilitating the continuous operation of the reactor depressurization system.

[0076] It should be noted that, without departing from the present invention, those skilled in the art can further adjust the connection relationship between the first pressure relief pipe 300 and the second pressure relief pipe 700. For example, in some embodiments, the second pressure relief end 320 and the fourth pressure relief end 720 respectively extend into the interior of the pressure relief box 200, so that the first pressure relief pipe 300 and the second pressure relief pipe 700 are respectively connected to the pressure relief box 200. In other embodiments, please refer to... Figure 1 As shown, the portion of the first pressure relief pipe 300 equipped with the second isolation valve 600 and the portion of the second pressure relief pipe 700 equipped with the fourth isolation valve 1000 are connected to the same pipe. The above pipes extend separately into the pressure relief box 200, and the ends of the above pipes are the second pressure relief end 320 and the fourth pressure relief end 720.

[0077] In some embodiments, the reactor depressurization system further includes a containment vessel 1100, which has a reaction chamber 1110 inside. The reactor 100, the first depressurization pipe 300, and the depressurization tank 200 are all disposed within the reaction chamber 1110. The containment vessel 1100 can prevent the exchange of substances between the reaction chamber 1110 and the outside environment. When the internal substances of the reactor 100, the first depressurization pipe 300, and the depressurization tank 200 leak accidentally from the inside, the containment vessel 1100 can prevent further leakage of internal substances to the outside environment, thereby enhancing the safety of the reactor depressurization system.

[0078] As a preferred option, please refer to Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the reactor depressurization system further includes a containment vessel 1100, which has a reaction chamber 1110 inside. A clearance hole 1120 is provided on the side of the containment vessel 1100. The reactor 100 is housed in the reaction chamber 1110, and the depressurization tank 200 is located outside the containment vessel 1100. A first depressurization pipe 300 passes through the clearance hole 1120 and is sealed to the inner wall of the clearance hole 1120. Because the first depressurization pipe 300 is sealed to the inner wall of the clearance hole 1120 of the containment vessel 1100, and a first rupture disc 400 is provided inside the first depressurization pipe 300, when internal materials of the reactor 100 leak accidentally from the inside, the containment vessel 1100 can prevent further leakage of internal materials to the outside, thus enhancing the safety of the reactor depressurization system. Since the pressure relief box 200 is located outside the containment 1100, the number of objects that the reaction chamber 1110 needs to accommodate is reduced, thus lowering the space requirements for the arrangement inside the containment 1100 and making the arrangement of the reactor 100 and the first pressure relief pipeline more flexible. On the other hand, it also helps to reduce the overall size of the containment 1100.

[0079] It should be noted that the above scheme does not restrict the positions of the first isolation valve 500, the first rupture disc 400, and the second isolation valve 600. In some embodiments, the first isolation valve 500, the first rupture disc 400, and the second isolation valve 600 are all located outside the containment 1100, so that personnel can directly maintain the first rupture disc 400 outside the containment 1100, thus simplifying the maintenance operation.

[0080] As a preferred option, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the first rupture disc 400 is located within the reaction chamber 1110. This design helps reduce leakage of internal materials from the reactor 100 and the depressurization tank 200 to the installation location of the first rupture disc 400, thereby improving the safety of the reactor depressurization system.

[0081] Specifically, as described above, in some embodiments, a rupture disc holder is used to install the first rupture disc 400. Placing the first rupture disc 400 within the reaction chamber 1110 prevents, in the event of an accident, the internal materials of the reactor 100 or the pressure relief tank 200 from directly leaking to the outside through the installation gap between the rupture disc holder and the first rupture disc 400, further enhancing the safety of the reactor depressurization system. It should be understood that when the first rupture disc 400 is installed on the first pressure relief pipe in other ways, the above embodiments also prevent the internal materials of the reactor 100 or the pressure relief tank 200 from directly leaking to the outside through the installation gap between the first rupture disc 400 and the first pressure relief pipe 300.

[0082] Without departing from the inventive concept of this utility model, those skilled in the art will not limit the specific structure of the first pressure relief pipe 300. In some embodiments, the first pressure relief pipe 300 is composed of multiple pipes connected together. The above solution facilitates the assembly of the first pressure relief pipe 300 by workers.

[0083] As a preferred option, please refer to Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the first pressure relief pipe 300 includes a first pressure relief section 330, a first explosion-proof section 340, and a second pressure relief section 350; the inlet end of the first pressure relief section 330 is connected to the interior of the reactor 100, the outlet end of the first pressure relief section 330 is connected to the inlet end of the first explosion-proof section 340, the outlet end of the first explosion-proof section 340 is connected to the inlet end of the second pressure relief section 350, and the outlet end of the second pressure relief section 350 is connected to the interior of the pressure relief box 200; a first isolation valve 500 is disposed in the first pressure relief section 330; a second isolation valve 600 is disposed in the second pressure relief section 350; a first rupture disc 400 is disposed in the first explosion-proof section 340; in a second state, the first explosion-proof section 340 is detachably connected to the first pressure relief section 330 and the second pressure relief section 350.

[0084] With the above scheme, when the first rupture disc 400 needs to be replaced, the first isolation valve 500 and the second isolation valve 600 can be closed first, the reactor depressurization system can be put into the first state, the first explosion-proof section 340 can be disassembled, and the first rupture disc 400 on the first explosion-proof section 340 can be replaced. In the above process, the first explosion-proof section 340, which is separated from the first depressurization section 330 and the second depressurization section 350, makes it easier for the staff to replace the first rupture disc 400, thereby reducing the difficulty of replacement and improving the stability of maintenance operations.

[0085] Further, please refer to Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the reactor depressurization system further includes a pressure-stabilizing pipe 1200 and a one-way valve 1300. The pressure-stabilizing pipe 1200 has a first pressure-stabilizing end 1210 and a second pressure-stabilizing end 1220. The first pressure-stabilizing end 1210 is connected to the interior of the depressurization tank 200, and the first depressurization end 310 is lower than the first pressure-stabilizing end 1210. The second pressure-stabilizing end 1220 is connected to the first depressurization pipe 300 and is located between the second isolation valve 600 and the second depressurization end 320. The one-way valve 1300 is connected to the pressure-stabilizing pipe 1200 to prevent the contents of the first depressurization pipe 300 from flowing from the second pressure-stabilizing end 1220 to the first pressure-stabilizing end 1210, and to allow the contents of the depressurization tank 200 to flow from the first pressure-stabilizing end 1210 to the second pressure-stabilizing end 1220.

[0086] When a person skilled in the art installs coolant in the pressure relief tank 200 for cooling the contents of the reactor 100, the coolant can be made to cover the second pressure relief end 320. Since the one-way valve 1300 prevents the contents of the first pressure relief pipe 300 from flowing from the second pressure stabilizing end 1220 to the first pressure stabilizing end 1210, the contents of the reactor 100 can stably flow from the first pressure relief end 310 into the interior of the pressure relief tank 200 during the process of flowing into the pressure relief tank 200 through the first pressure relief pipe 300. The coolant can fully cool the contents of the reactor 100 flowing out of the first pressure relief end 310, reduce the temperature of the contents of the reactor 100, thereby causing some high-temperature gas to condense, reducing the content of high-temperature gas, and reducing the pressure of the reactor 100.

[0087] The one-way valve 1300 in the above embodiment also allows the contents of the pressure relief tank 200 to flow from the first pressure-stabilizing end 1210 to the second pressure-stabilizing end 1220. Since the second pressure-stabilizing end 1220 is connected to the first pressure relief pipe 300 and is located between the second isolation valve 600 and the second pressure relief end 320, and the first pressure-stabilizing end 1210 is located above the second pressure relief end 320, when the internal pressure of the pressure relief tank 200 is greater than the internal pressure of the first pressure relief pipe 300, the gas inside the pressure relief tank 200 will preferentially flow back from the first pressure-stabilizing end 1210 into the first pressure relief pipe 300 due to pressure influence, ultimately achieving pressure balance between the first pressure relief pipe 300 and the pressure relief tank 200. The above solution also prevents the coolant from flowing back into the first pressure relief pipe 300 due to the internal pressure of the pressure relief tank 200, which helps to prevent the coolant in the pressure relief tank 200 from mixing with the contents of the reactor 100.

[0088] Further, please refer to Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the reactor depressurization system further includes a buffer tank 1400 and a drain pipe 1500. One end of the drain pipe 1500 is connected to the interior of the depressurization tank 200 and is higher than the second depressurization end 320. The other end of the drain pipe 1500 is connected to the interior of the buffer tank 1400. Since the end of the drain pipe 1500 connected to the interior of the depressurization tank 200 is higher than the second depressurization end 320, gas flowing into the depressurization tank 200 from the second depressurization end 320 can enter the interior of the buffer tank 1400 from the depressurization tank 200, which helps to reduce the overall pressure inside the depressurization tank 200.

[0089] This invention does not limit the connection method between the pressure relief end and the pressure relief box 200. Taking the second pressure relief end 320 as an example, in some embodiments, the second pressure relief end 320 is directly connected to the interior of the pressure relief box 200.

[0090] As a preferred option, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 3 As shown, where, Figure 3A partial cross-section of the spraying element 1800 is shown. In some embodiments, the reactor depressurization system further includes the spraying element 1800, which includes a body 1810 and multiple protrusions, each protrusion being connected to the body 1810. The different protrusions have different protrusion directions relative to the body 1810. The body 1810 has a spraying chamber 1811 communicating with the second depressurization end 320. Each protrusion has multiple bubbling holes 1821, each bubbling hole 1821 communicating with the interior of the spraying chamber 1811 and the depressurization tank 200. Through this scheme, the contents of the reactor 100 located at the first depressurization end 310 can enter the spraying chamber 1811 and then flow out from the different bubbling holes 1821 on the multiple protrusions into the interior of the depressurization tank 200. The contact area between the contents of the reactor 100 and the material inside the depressurization tank 200 is further increased, resulting in a higher cooling rate for the contents of the reactor 100.

[0091] In some embodiments, the pressure relief tank 200 is filled with coolant, and the coolant covers the spray nozzle 1800. In this case, the contents of the reactor 100 flowing out from the different bubbling holes 1821 can come into more sufficient contact with the coolant, and the cooling rate of the contents of the reactor 100 is increased.

[0092] Without departing from the inventive concept of this utility model, the protrusion direction of the protrusion is not limited. As a preferred embodiment, please refer to... Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the spraying component 1800 includes three protrusions, one of which is defined as a first protrusion 1820A, one as a second protrusion 1820B, and one as a third protrusion 1820C. The first protrusion 1820A and the third protrusion 1820C extend towards the body 1810 in a first direction and are arranged opposite to each other. The second protrusion 1820B protrudes towards the body 1810 in a second direction. The first and second directions form an angle. The orientation of the above-mentioned different protrusions is beneficial to further increase the contact area between the contents of the reactor 100 and the contents of the pressure relief tank 200, and further improve the cooling rate of the contents of the reactor 100.

[0093] Further, please refer to Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the reactor depressurization system further includes a first regulating component 1600, which is connected to the interior of the depressurization tank 200 and is used to regulate the liquid level in the depressurization tank 200. Through this scheme, after the reactor 100 is depressurized, personnel can readjust the liquid level in the depressurization tank 200 using the first regulating component 1600 and remove any solids and liquids remaining in the depressurization tank 200, thereby restoring the cooling function of the depressurization tank 200 and improving the stability of the reactor depressurization system under long-term operation.

[0094] Those skilled in the art can adjust the structure of the first adjusting component 1600 themselves. In some embodiments, the first adjusting component 1600 includes a first adjusting pipe 1610, the two ends of which are respectively connected to a pressure relief tank 200 and a cooling pump. The cooling pump can pump coolant into the pressure relief tank 200 and can extract coolant from the pressure relief tank 200. In other embodiments, please refer to... Figure 1 As shown, the first regulating component 1600 includes a first regulating pipe 1610 and a second regulating pipe 1630. One end of both the first regulating pipe 1610 and the second regulating pipe 1630 is connected to the interior of the pressure relief box 200. The first regulating pipe 1610 is connected to a first regulating valve 1620, and the second regulating pipe 1630 is connected to a second regulating valve 1640. When the first regulating valve 1620 is open, the first regulating pipe 1610 can inject coolant into the pressure relief box 200. When the second regulating valve 1640 is open, the second regulating pipe 1630 can extract coolant from the pressure relief box 200.

[0095] Further, please refer to Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the reactor depressurization system further includes a second regulating component 1700, which is connected to the interior of the depressurization tank 200 and is used to regulate the gas pressure in the depressurization tank 200. With this solution, after the reactor 100 is depressurized, operators can readjust the gas pressure inside the depressurization tank 200 using the first regulating component 1600 and remove any gas remaining in the depressurization tank 200, thus improving the stability of the reactor depressurization system's depressurization function during long-term operation.

[0096] Those skilled in the art can adjust the structure of the second adjustment component 1700 themselves. In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 As shown, the second regulating component 1700 includes a third regulating pipe 1710. One end of the third regulating pipe 1710 is connected to the interior of the pressure relief box 200. The third regulating pipe 1710 is connected to a third regulating valve 1720. When the third regulating valve 1720 is opened, the third regulating pipe 1710 can extract the gas stored in the pressure relief box 200.

[0097] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Furthermore, the embodiments of the present invention and the features thereof can be combined with each other unless otherwise specified.

Claims

1. A reactor depressurization system, characterized in that, include: reactor; Pressure relief box; The first pressure relief pipe has a first pressure relief end and a second pressure relief end, the first pressure relief end being connected to the interior of the reactor, and the second pressure relief end being connected to the interior of the pressure relief tank; A first rupture disc is connected to the first pressure relief pipe to isolate the first pressure relief end and the second pressure relief end; The first isolation valve is connected to the first pressure relief pipe and is located between the first rupture disc and the first pressure relief end; The second isolation valve is connected to the first pressure relief pipe and is located between the first rupture disc and the second pressure relief end; The reactor depressurization system has a first state and a second state. In the first state, both the first isolation valve and the second isolation valve are open. In the second state, the first isolation valve is closed to isolate the first pressure relief end from the first rupture disc, and the second isolation valve is closed to isolate the second pressure relief end from the first rupture disc; the first rupture disc can be separated from the first pressure relief pipe.

2. The reactor depressurization system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a second pressure relief pipe and a second rupture disc. The second pressure relief pipe has a third pressure relief end and a fourth pressure relief end. The second rupture disc is connected to the second pressure relief pipe to isolate the third pressure relief end and the fourth pressure relief end. Both the third pressure relief end and the fourth pressure relief end are connected to the first pressure relief pipe. The third pressure relief end is located between the first isolation valve and the first rupture disc, and the fourth pressure relief end is located between the second isolation valve and the first rupture disc.

3. The reactor depressurization system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a second pressure relief pipe, a second rupture disc, a third isolation valve, and a fourth isolation valve. The second pressure relief pipe has a third pressure relief end and a fourth pressure relief end. The third pressure relief end communicates with the interior of the reactor, and the fourth pressure relief end communicates with the interior of the pressure relief tank. The second rupture disc is connected to the second pressure relief pipe to isolate the third pressure relief end and the fourth pressure relief end. The third isolation valve is connected to the second pressure relief pipe and is located between the second rupture disc and the third pressure relief end. The fourth isolation valve is connected to the second pressure relief pipe and is located between the second rupture disc and the fourth pressure relief end. The reactor depressurization system also has a third state in which both the third isolation valve and the fourth isolation valve are open in the first and second states; in the third state, both the first isolation valve and the second isolation valve are open, the third isolation valve is closed to isolate the third depressurization end from the second rupture disc, the fourth isolation valve is closed to isolate the fourth depressurization end from the second rupture disc, and the second rupture disc can be separated from the second depressurization pipe.

4. The reactor depressurization system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a containment vessel, the interior of which has a reaction chamber, and a clearance hole on the side of the containment vessel. The reactor is housed in the reaction chamber, and the pressure relief tank is located outside the containment vessel. The first pressure relief pipe passes through the clearance hole and is sealed to the inner wall of the clearance hole.

5. The reactor depressurization system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first rupture disc is located within the reaction chamber.

6. The reactor depressurization system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first pressure relief pipeline includes a first pressure relief section, a first explosion-proof section, and a second pressure relief section; the inlet end of the first pressure relief section is connected to the interior of the reactor, the outlet end of the first pressure relief section is connected to the inlet end of the first explosion-proof section, the outlet end of the first explosion-proof section is connected to the inlet end of the second pressure relief section, and the outlet end of the second pressure relief section is connected to the interior of the pressure relief box; the first isolation valve is disposed in the first pressure relief section; the second isolation valve is disposed in the second pressure relief section; the first rupture disc is disposed in the first explosion-proof section; in the second state, the first explosion-proof section is detachably connected to the first pressure relief section and the second pressure relief section.

7. The reactor depressurization system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reactor depressurization system further includes a pressure-stabilizing pipeline and a one-way valve. The pressure-stabilizing pipeline has a first pressure-stabilizing end and a second pressure-stabilizing end. The first pressure-stabilizing end is connected to the interior of the depressurization tank and is located below the first pressure-stabilizing end. The second pressure-stabilizing end is connected to the first pressure-stabilizing pipeline and is located between the second isolation valve and the second pressure-stabilizing end. The one-way valve is connected to the pressure-stabilizing pipeline to prevent the contents of the first pressure-stabilizing pipeline from flowing from the second pressure-stabilizing end to the first pressure-stabilizing end, and to allow the contents of the depressurization tank to flow from the first pressure-stabilizing end to the second pressure-stabilizing end.

8. The reactor depressurization system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reactor depressurization system also includes a buffer tank and a drainage pipe. One end of the drainage pipe is connected to the interior of the depressurization tank and is higher than the second depressurization end. The other end of the drainage pipe is connected to the interior of the buffer tank.

9. The reactor depressurization system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reactor depressurization system further includes a first regulating component, which is connected to the interior of the depressurization tank and is used to regulate the liquid level in the depressurization tank. And / or, the reactor depressurization system further includes a second regulating component, which communicates with the interior of the depressurization tank and is used to regulate the gas pressure in the depressurization tank.

10. The reactor depressurization system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reactor depressurization system also includes a spraying component, which includes a body and multiple protrusions, each of which is connected to the body; different protrusions have different protrusion directions relative to the body. The main body has a spraying chamber that communicates with the second pressure relief end. Each of the protrusions has multiple bubbling holes, and each bubbling hole is connected to the interior of the spraying chamber and the pressure relief box.

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