A single-mode transceiver device and transceiving method based on multi-waveguide cooperative reception

Abstract

The application provides a single-mode transceiver device and a transceiving method based on multi-waveguide cooperative reception, and relates to the technical field of optical sensing. The device comprises a single-mode transmitting waveguide, a transceiving multiplexer, a multi-waveguide cooperative receiving device and an adaptive control module. The multi-waveguide cooperative receiving device cooperatively acts through a plurality of single-mode receiving waveguides located at different waveguide layers, an optical via structure, an adjustable optical attenuator, a phase modulator and a waveguide combiner. The adaptive control module adaptively adjusts the attenuation coefficient of the adjustable optical attenuator and the phase offset of the phase modulator, so that the optical power entering the waveguide combiner reaches a maximum value. The application solves the problem of unstable received signals caused by the speckle effect of diffuse reflection targets. Compared with the prior art, the application does not require multiple devices, improves the system reliability, reduces the cost, and is suitable for long-distance coherent optical measurement scenes such as laser vibration meters and laser range finders.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of optical sensing technology, in particular to a single-mode transceiver device and a transceiving method based on multi-waveguide cooperative reception. BACKGROUND

[0002] In a long-distance coherent optical measurement system, such as an integrated laser Doppler vibrometer or a frequency-modulated laser radar ranging device, as shown in FIG. 1, a beam transceiver device usually includes three parts: a single-mode waveguide transmitter, a single-mode waveguide receiver, and a transceiver multiplexer. The single-mode waveguide transmitter is usually a single-mode waveguide, in which the light beam is distributed in the fundamental mode of the waveguide and is transmitted out through the transceiver multiplexer. The back light generated by a target at a distance is returned to the single-mode waveguide receiver through the transceiver multiplexer, and further analysis and processing of the received light can obtain the position, speed, and other information of the target. Figure 1 When the target is a cooperative target such as a plane mirror or an angle reflector with appropriate angles, the back light of the target can be stably converged into the single-mode waveguide through the transceiver multiplexer, a stable signal is obtained, and accurate analysis and measurement can be performed. However, in many application scenarios, the target is usually a diffuse reflection object. Due to the concave and convex fluctuations on the surface of the diffuse reflection target, the part irradiated by the laser has random phase modulation. This phase modulation can cause the light beam to undergo coherent cancellation at the entrance of the receiving single-mode waveguide after passing through the transceiver multiplexer in some cases, resulting in a significant decrease in the energy entering the receiving waveguide, and thus the signal-to-noise ratio of the received signal is insufficient, and the measurement of target information cannot be completed. This random effect is called speckle effect. The macroscopic influence of this random effect is that the received light signal is sometimes present and sometimes absent, or sometimes strong and sometimes weak, or even sometimes the intensity of the back light signal changes greatly with time even if the irradiation position does not change. For application scenarios that require long-term stable measurement, the influence of the speckle effect is fatal.

[0003] To overcome the influence of the speckle effect on measurement, the German Polytec company proposes a QTec technology. The basic idea of the QTec technology is to construct four synchronous measurement devices, and the irradiation points of the four devices are slightly staggered and point to the same area of the target. The influence of the speckle effect on the intensity of the back light is related to the position of the light beam irradiated on the target. Therefore, the probability that the four devices simultaneously irradiate on a position with poor back light is much lower than that of one device. Through the QTec technology, the probability of weak light can be greatly reduced, and the reliability of the system can be improved.

[0004]

[0005] ​However, the QTec technology can greatly reduce the influence of speckle, but its shortcomings are also very obvious. For example, first of all, the QTec technology needs to use multiple devices, and the complexity and cost of the system are greatly improved. Secondly, the four beams of light of the QTec technology must be irradiated on different positions of the target object. For some target objects with very small size, or for some measurement scenes with very high lateral resolution requirements (such as the measurement of small structures on parts), the working conditions of QTec cannot be met. The above shortcomings greatly limit the application scenarios of QTec technology.

[0006] The above problems are urgent to be solved. SUMMARY

[0007] The purpose of the present application is to provide a single-mode transceiver device and method based on multi-waveguide cooperative reception, aiming to solve at least one technical problem existing in the prior art.

[0008] In one aspect, the present application provides a single-mode transceiver device based on multi-waveguide cooperative reception, which comprises a single-mode transmitting waveguide, a transceiver multiplexer, a multi-waveguide cooperative reception device and an adaptive control module. The multi-waveguide cooperative reception device comprises N single-mode receiving waveguides located in different waveguide layers, M optical via structures, an adjustable optical attenuator array, a phase modulator array, a waveguide combiner and a final receiving single-mode waveguide. The single-mode transmitting waveguide is located in the first waveguide layer, N-M single-mode receiving waveguides are located in the first waveguide layer, and M single-mode receiving waveguides are located in the second waveguide layer and are transitioned to the first waveguide layer through the M optical via structures. Among them, the M single-mode receiving waveguides that are transitioned to the first waveguide layer are connected to the first end of the adjustable optical attenuator array respectively, the second end of the adjustable optical attenuator array is connected to the first end of the phase modulator array, the second end of the phase modulator array is connected to the first end of the waveguide combiner, and the second end of the waveguide combiner is connected to the final receiving single-mode waveguide. The adaptive control module is configured to dynamically optimize the attenuation coefficients of each channel of the adjustable optical attenuator array and the phase offset of each channel of the phase modulator array, so as to maximize the optical power input into the final receiving single-mode waveguide of the waveguide combiner.

[0009] Further, the adjustable optical attenuator array is configured with N adjustable optical attenuators, the phase modulator array is configured with N phase modulators, the first end of the N adjustable optical attenuators is connected to the output end of the N single-mode receiving waveguides containing M transition single-mode receiving waveguides in the first waveguide layer respectively, the second end of the N adjustable optical attenuators is connected to the first end of the N phase modulators respectively, and the second end of the N phase modulators is connected to the N input ports of the waveguide combiner respectively.

[0010] Further, the M optical via structures respectively include a first port and a second port, the first port and the second port are respectively located in different waveguide layers, and are used to realize interlayer transmission of optical signals.

[0011] Further, the first waveguide layer and the second waveguide layer are connected vertically through the optical via structure, the first port of the optical via structure is located in the first waveguide layer, the second port of the optical via structure is located in the second waveguide layer, and the first ends of the M single-mode receiving waveguides located in the second waveguide layer are respectively connected to the second ports of the M optical via structures.

[0012] Further, the single-mode transmitting waveguide is used to emit a measurement light beam; the transceiver multiplexer is used to emit the measurement light beam emitted by the single-mode transmitting waveguide into space, receive return light reflected by a target object, and transmit the return light to the multi-waveguide cooperative receiving device; and the multi-waveguide cooperative receiving device is used to output the return light after processing to an external optical signal detection device for subsequent analysis of information related to the target object.

[0013] Further, the adaptive control module is integrated with a power acquisition unit, a programmable logic device, and a driving circuit; the power acquisition unit is used to acquire optical powers of the N single-mode receiving waveguides in real time; the programmable logic device is used to optimize the attenuation coefficients of the channels of the adjustable optical attenuator array and the phase offsets of the channels of the phase modulator array based on the optical powers of the N single-mode receiving waveguides through a preset optimization objective function; and the driving circuit is used to drive the adjustable optical attenuator array and the phase modulator array based on the optimized attenuation coefficients and phase offsets.

[0014] Further, the programmable logic device is integrated with a channel power difference degree evaluation unit, an update strategy generation unit, and a parameter update unit; the channel power difference degree evaluation unit is used to calculate power difference degrees of the channels of the N single-mode receiving waveguides based on the optical powers of the N single-mode receiving waveguides; the update strategy generation unit is used to generate an update strategy of the attenuation coefficients and the phase offsets based on the power difference degrees; and the parameter update unit is used to iteratively adjust the attenuation coefficients and the phase offsets by using a gradient descent method based on the update strategy so that the optimization objective function reaches a maximum value.

[0015] Further, the update strategy includes: when the power difference degree is greater than a preset difference degree threshold, an update strategy of separately adjusting the attenuation coefficients of the adjustable optical attenuators in the adjustable optical attenuator array is adopted; and when the power difference degree is less than or equal to the preset difference degree threshold, an update strategy of synchronously adjusting the attenuation coefficients of the adjustable optical attenuators in the adjustable optical attenuator array and the phase offsets of the phase modulators in the phase modulator array is adopted.

[0016] Further, the optimization objective function comprises:

[0017] ;

[0018] In the formula, is the power coupled into the kth single-mode receiving waveguide, is the transmittance of the kth attenuator, which is inversely proportional to the attenuation coefficient, is the phase offset of the kth phase modulator, is the optical power input to the final receiving single-mode waveguide, and i is the imaginary unit.

[0019] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a single-mode transceiving method based on multi-waveguide cooperative reception, which is applied to the single-mode transceiving device based on multi-waveguide cooperative reception described above, and the method comprises the following steps: connecting the single-mode transceiving device to a long-distance coherent optical measurement system, connecting a single-mode transmitting waveguide to a light source, and connecting a final receiving single-mode waveguide to a light signal detection device; transmitting the light beam emitted by the single-mode transmitting waveguide to the space through the transceiving multiplexer, and shooting at a target object; when the back light reflected by the target object enters the multi-waveguide cooperative reception device, N single-mode receiving waveguides located in different waveguide layers receive the back light; for the M single-mode receiving waveguides located in the second waveguide layer, the received light signal is transmitted to the first waveguide layer through the optical via structure; the attenuation coefficients of the N adjustable optical attenuators arranged in the first waveguide layer and the phase offsets of the N phase modulators are adjusted through the adaptive control module, the light signals received by the single-mode receiving waveguides are processed, the light power input to the final receiving single-mode waveguide through the waveguide combiner is maximized, the processed light signals are combined through the waveguide combiner, and are transmitted to the final receiving single-mode waveguide, so that the signal detection and analysis are performed by the light signal detection device.

[0020] In another aspect, the present application further provides a computer readable storage medium, wherein one or more instructions are stored in the computer readable storage medium, and the computer instructions are used to make the computer execute the single-mode transceiving method based on multi-waveguide cooperative reception described above.

[0021] In still another aspect, the present application provides an electronic device, which comprises a memory and a processor, wherein at least one program instruction is stored in the memory, and the processor loads and executes the at least one program instruction to realize the single-mode transceiving method based on multi-waveguide cooperative reception described above.

[0022] The single-mode transceiving device based on multi-waveguide cooperative reception provided by the present application effectively overcomes the fatal defect of speckle effect in the traditional technology through the innovative multi-waveguide structure design and cooperative control mechanism, has significant advantages in improving the measurement stability, simplifying the system structure, and expanding the application scenarios, and has the following specific advantages:

[0023] (1) Solve the influence of speckle effect and greatly improve the measurement reliability: Through the distribution of N single-mode receiving waveguides (N≥2) in multiple waveguide layers, the spatial distribution randomness of diffuse reflection back light is utilized to ensure that at least one or part of the waveguides can receive high-intensity back light, avoiding the energy drop caused by coherent cancellation when single transmission and single reception. Through the cooperative control of adjustable optical attenuators and phase modulators, the light signals received by each waveguide can be adjusted in weight and phase, so that multiple light beams are coherent and constructive in the waveguide combiner, and the energy of the combined light beam is maximized to the final single-mode waveguide. The signal "sometimes on and sometimes off" or "sometimes strong and sometimes weak" problem caused by speckle effect is fundamentally eliminated, and stable measurement for a long time is ensured.

[0024] (2) Simplify the system structure, reduce the cost and complexity: Only one single-mode transmitting waveguide is needed to transmit the measurement light beam, compared with the existing QTec technology (which needs 4 synchronous devices), there is no need for multiple sets of transmitting devices, avoiding the complexity of multi-device synchronous control, and significantly reducing the system hardware cost and power consumption.

[0025] (3) Break through the limitation of measurement scene and expand the application range: The traditional QTec technology cannot be applied to small-size target or high lateral resolution scene (such as measurement of microstructure of parts) because it needs multiple light beams to irradiate different positions of the target. The present application only needs a single light beam transmission, and the receiving end captures the back light through the spatial distribution of multiple waveguides, which does not depend on the position offset of the transmitting light beam. Therefore, there is no limitation on the size and resolution of the target, and it can be applied to precision part detection, micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) measurement and other scenes. Whether it is a planar target (such as a plane mirror) or a diffuse reflection target (such as a rough surface, biological tissue, etc.), the multi-waveguide cooperative receiving mechanism can work effectively, especially in the fields of biomedical imaging, remote sensing monitoring, industrial non-destructive testing and other fields that require long-term stable measurement of complex targets.

[0026] (4) Flexible beam combining structure and scalability: By adjusting the number of receiving waveguides and optical vias, different measurement distances, target reflectivities and other scenes can be flexibly adapted, for example, increasing the number of waveguides can further improve the signal capture probability in weak light conditions and improve the system robustness.

[0027] (5) Improve the performance indicators of the optical system: Through multi-waveguide reception and coherent beam combining, the light energy lost due to speckle effect is reused. Compared with the traditional single transmission and single reception scheme, the overall light energy utilization rate of the system is significantly improved, which further improves the signal-to-noise ratio of the received signal and reduces the measurement error. The phase modulator can accurately control the phase of each waveguide signal to ensure that the combined light signal has a stable phase relationship, which is crucial for laser interference measurement (such as vibration measurement and distance measurement), and can improve the accuracy and repeatability of the measurement results. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0028] The application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0029] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a single-mode transceiver device structure provided in the background art of the application.

[0030] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a single-mode transceiver device structure based on multi-waveguide cooperative reception provided in Embodiment 1 of the application.

[0031] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of an adaptive control module provided in Embodiment 1 of the application.

[0032] Figure 4a is a schematic diagram of the light returned by the single-mode receiving waveguide when the emitted test light beam irradiates the first position of the target object provided in Embodiment 1 of the application.

[0033] Figure 4b is a schematic diagram of the light returned by the single-mode receiving waveguide when the emitted test light beam irradiates the second position of the target object provided in Embodiment 1 of the application.

[0034] Figure 5a is a schematic diagram of the light returned by the single-mode receiving waveguide when the emitted test light beam irradiates the second position of the target object provided in Embodiment 1 of the application.

[0035] Figure 5b is a schematic diagram of the light returned by the single-mode receiving waveguide when the emitted test light beam irradiates the second position of the target object provided in Embodiment 1 of the application.

[0036] Figure 6 is a flowchart of a single-mode transceiving method based on multi-waveguide cooperative reception provided in Embodiment 2 of the application.

[0037] Figure 7 is a partial block diagram of an electronic device provided in Embodiment 4 of the application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] Before the exemplary embodiments are discussed in more detail, it should be mentioned that some of the exemplary embodiments are described as processes or methods depicted as flowcharts. Although the flowcharts depict the operations as sequential processes, many of the operations can be performed in parallel, concurrently or simultaneously. In addition, the order of the operations can be rearranged. The processes can be terminated when their operations are completed, but can also have additional steps not included in the figures. The processes can correspond to methods, functions, routines, subroutines, subprograms, etc.

[0039] It should be understood that, although the terms "first", "second", etc. can be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, a first element could be termed a second element, and, similarly, a second element could be termed a first element without departing from the scope of the example embodiments. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated associated items.

[0040] The application will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The diagram is a simplified schematic diagram, which only schematically illustrates the basic structure of the application, and thus only shows the components relevant to the application.

[0041] Embodiment 1

[0042] For the sake of understanding, the overall inventive concept of the application is described here: the application provides a single-mode transceiver device based on multi-waveguide cooperative reception, aiming to solve the problem of unstable received signal caused by speckle effect in the prior art. The device includes a single-mode transmitting device, a transceiver multiplexer, and a multi-waveguide cooperative reception device. The multi-waveguide cooperative reception device includes a plurality of single-mode receiving waveguides distributed in multiple waveguide layers, an optical via structure for interlayer waveguide transition, a plurality of adjustable optical attenuators, a plurality of phase modulators, and a multi-waveguide combiner. Regardless of the state of the target object's return light, the device can ensure that at least one or part of the single-mode receiving waveguides receive a higher intensity of return light, and through the adaptive control module, the adjustable optical attenuators and phase modulators are cooperatively controlled, so that most of the energy in the receiving waveguides is combined into the subsequent single-mode waveguides through the multi-waveguide combiner, thereby overcoming the influence of speckle effect.

[0043] The specific implementation is as follows:

[0044] As shown in Figure 2 , it is a structural schematic diagram of a single-mode transceiver device based on multi-waveguide cooperative reception provided by the application.

[0045] As an example, the single-mode transceiver device comprises a single-mode transmitting waveguide 1, a transceiver multiplexer 2, and a multi-waveguide cooperative receiving device 3 and an adaptive control module 4; the multi-waveguide cooperative receiving device 3 comprises N single-mode receiving waveguides 30 located in different waveguide layers, M optical via structures 31, an adjustable optical attenuator array 32, a phase modulator array 33, a waveguide combiner 34, and a final receiving single-mode waveguide 35; the single-mode transmitting waveguide 1 is located in the first waveguide layer, N-M single-mode receiving waveguides 30 are located in the first waveguide layer, M single-mode receiving waveguides 30 are located in the second waveguide layer, and are transitioned to the first waveguide layer through the M optical via structures 31, wherein the M single-mode receiving waveguides 30 that are transitioned to the first waveguide layer are connected to the first end of the adjustable optical attenuator array 32 respectively, the second end of the adjustable optical attenuator array 32 is connected to the first end of the phase modulator array 33, the second end of the phase modulator array 33 is connected to the first end of the waveguide combiner 34, and the second end of the waveguide combiner 34 is connected to the final receiving single-mode waveguide 35; the adaptive control module 4 is configured to dynamically optimize the attenuation coefficients of each channel of the adjustable optical attenuator array 32 and the phase offset of each channel of the phase modulator array 33, so as to maximize the optical power input into the final receiving single-mode waveguide 35 of the waveguide combiner 34.

[0046] In some possible implementations, the adjustable optical attenuator array 32 is configured with N adjustable optical attenuators, the phase modulator array 33 is configured with N phase modulators, the first end of the N adjustable optical attenuators is connected to the output end of the N single-mode receiving waveguides 30 that contain the M transition single-mode receiving waveguides 30 in the first waveguide layer respectively, the second end of the N adjustable optical attenuators is connected to the first end of the N phase modulators respectively, and the second end of the N phase modulators is connected to the N input ports of the waveguide combiner 34 respectively. That is, after all the single-mode receiving waveguides are transitioned to the first waveguide layer, they are connected to the N adjustable optical attenuators one by one respectively, the N adjustable optical attenuators are connected to the N phase modulators one by one respectively, and the N phase modulators are connected to the waveguide combiner. The transceiver multiplexer 2 can be a polarization multiplexing device, a power multiplexing device, or an optical circulator.

[0047] In some possible implementations, the M optical via structures 31 each comprise a first port and a second port, and the first port and the second port are located in different waveguide layers respectively to realize the interlayer transmission of optical signals. The first waveguide layer and the second waveguide layer are connected vertically through the optical via structures 31, the first port of the optical via structure 31 is located in the first waveguide layer, the second port of the optical via structure 31 is located in the second waveguide layer, and the first end of the M single-mode receiving waveguides 30 located in the second waveguide layer is connected to the second port of the M optical via structures 31 respectively.

[0048] Preferably, the optical via structure 31 comprises a vertical coupling structure or a tapered structure.

[0049] In some possible implementation manners, the single-mode transmitting waveguide 1 is configured to transmit a measurement light beam; the transceiver multiplexer 2 is configured to transmit the measurement light beam transmitted by the single-mode transmitting waveguide into space, and receive a return light reflected by a target object, and transmit the return light to the multi-waveguide cooperative receiving device 3; and the multi-waveguide cooperative receiving device 3 is configured to output the return light to an external optical signal detection device after processing, for subsequent analysis of information related to the target object.

[0050] In some possible implementation manners, the adaptive control module 4 comprises a power acquisition unit 40, a programmable logic device 41, and a driving circuit 42. Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the adaptive control module 4 comprises a power acquisition unit 40, a programmable logic device 41, and a driving circuit 42; the power acquisition unit 40 is configured to acquire optical powers of N single-mode receiving waveguides 30 in real time; the programmable logic device 41 is configured to optimize attenuation coefficients of the adjustable optical attenuator array 32 and phase offset amounts of the phase modulator array 33 based on the optical powers of the N single-mode receiving waveguides 30 by using a preset optimization objective function; and the driving circuit 42 is configured to drive the adjustable optical attenuator array 32 and the phase modulator array 33 based on the optimized attenuation coefficients and phase offset amounts.

[0051] Preferably, the programmable logic device 41 comprises a channel power difference degree evaluation unit 410, an update strategy generation unit 411, and a parameter update unit 412; the channel power difference degree evaluation unit 410 is configured to calculate power difference degrees of channels of the N single-mode receiving waveguides 30 based on the optical powers of the N single-mode receiving waveguides 30; the update strategy generation unit 411 is configured to generate an update strategy of the attenuation coefficients and the phase offset amounts based on the power difference degrees; and the parameter update unit 412 is configured to iteratively adjust the attenuation coefficients and the phase offset amounts by using a gradient descent method based on the update strategy, so that the optimization objective function reaches a maximum value.

[0052] Preferably, the updating strategy comprises: when the power difference is greater than a preset difference threshold, adopting an updating strategy of separately adjusting the attenuation coefficients of the adjustable optical attenuators in the array of adjustable optical attenuators 32; when the power difference is less than or equal to the preset difference threshold, adopting an updating strategy of synchronously adjusting the attenuation coefficients of the adjustable optical attenuators in the array of adjustable optical attenuators 32 and the phase shift amounts of the phase modulators in the array of phase modulators 33. That is, when the difference of the optical powers passing through different single-mode receiving waveguides 30 is large, the control is mainly performed by adjusting the attenuation coefficients of the adjustable optical attenuators, and the phase shift amounts of the phase modulators are in an initial state. When the difference of the optical powers passing through different single-mode receiving waveguides 30 is small, the control is performed by simultaneously adjusting the phase shift amounts of the phase modulators and the attenuation coefficients of the adjustable optical attenuators.

[0053] Preferably, the optimization objective function comprises:

[0054] ;

[0055] wherein, is the power coupled into the kth single-mode receiving waveguide, is the transmittance of the kth attenuator, which is inversely proportional to the attenuation coefficient, is the phase shift amount of the kth phase modulator, is the optical power input to the final receiving single-mode waveguide, and i is the imaginary unit. Through the cooperative control of the adjustable optical attenuators and the phase modulators, the optical signals received by the waveguides can be adjusted in weight and matched in phase, so that the multiple beams of light are coherently constructive in the waveguide combiner, the energy combined to the final single-mode waveguide is maximized, and the problem of "sometimes there is and sometimes there is not" or "sometimes strong and sometimes weak" of the signal caused by the speckle effect is fundamentally eliminated, thereby ensuring long-time stable measurement.

[0056] Specifically, as shown in Figure 4a and Figure 4b , the device comprises a single-mode transmitting waveguide 1, a transceiver multiplexer 2, and a multi-waveguide cooperative receiving device 3, wherein N=4 and M=2 in the multi-waveguide cooperative receiving device 3. The light beams emitted by the single-mode transmitting waveguide are transmitted to the space through the transceiver multiplexer, and are returned to the entrance of the multi-waveguide cooperative receiving device after being reflected by the target object. When the target is a diffuse reflection object, the returned light beams can be focused on different single-mode receiving waveguides or dispersed to different waveguides. Through the adjustment of the attenuators and the phase modulators behind the receiving waveguides, the energy combined to the final receiving waveguide can be maximized. For example, the light is focused on the second waveguide from the left and the third waveguide from the left, respectively. Through the appropriate adjustment of the attenuators and the phase modulators behind each receiving waveguide, the energy combined to the final receiving waveguide after the waveguide combiner can be maximized. As shown in Figure 4aAs shown, when the light beam is emitted to the first position of the target object, the returned light beam is received by the second and third single-mode receiving waveguides from left, at this time, through the updating strategy, if the difference of the optical power received by the two single-mode receiving waveguides is large, the attenuation coefficients of the second and third attenuators are iteratively updated through the preset objective function and gradient descent method, so that the objective function is at the maximum, and the received energy can be maximized; if the difference of the optical power received by the two single-mode receiving waveguides is small, through the updating strategy, the attenuation coefficients of the second and third attenuators and the phase shift of the subsequent phase modulator are iteratively updated through the preset objective function and gradient descent method, so that the two light beams are coherent and constructive at the exit waveguide of the waveguide combiner, thereby obtaining the maximum energy. In combination with Figure 4b As shown, when the light beam is emitted to the second position of the target object, the returned light beam is received by the second and third single-mode receiving waveguides from left, and the control method of the attenuation coefficients of the attenuators and the phase shift of the phase modulator is the same as Figure 4a As shown, the same is not repeated here. As can be seen, when the emitted light beam irradiates different positions of the target object, the returned light can be received at the receiving end.

[0057] In combination with Figure 5a and Figure 5b As shown, from the simulation results, compared with the single-emission single-reception scheme, the returned light intensity of the worst case of the embodiment is improved by about 10 times. That is, the present application only needs to emit a single light beam, and the receiving end captures the returned light through the spatial distribution of multiple waveguides, and does not depend on the position offset of the emitted light beam, so there is no limit to the target size and resolution, and it can be applied to precision part detection, micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) measurement and other scenes. And whether it is a planar target (such as a plane mirror) or a diffuse reflection target (such as a rough surface, biological tissue, etc.), the multi-waveguide cooperative reception mechanism can work effectively, especially in the fields of biomedical imaging, remote sensing monitoring, industrial non-destructive testing and other fields that require long-term stable measurement of complex targets. Through multi-waveguide reception and coherent beam combining, the light energy originally lost due to speckle effect is reused, compared with the traditional single-emission single-reception scheme, the overall light energy utilization rate of the system is significantly improved, thereby improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the received signal and reducing the measurement error.

[0058] In some possible embodiments, the waveguide combiner 34 can also be selected from a cascaded MZ coupler or a cascaded Y-type branch.

[0059] In the above embodiment, the light is received by multiple receiving waveguides to collect as much light energy as possible, and the subsequent attenuator and phase modulator are used to adjust the beam combining weight to improve the light receiving efficiency, effectively avoiding the extreme case of coherent cancellation caused by speckle effect, effectively solving the problem of light receiving efficiency attenuation caused by speckle effect of diffuse target, avoiding the occurrence of extremely bad cases, greatly improving the usability of the long-distance coherent optical measurement system, and making the application of the long-distance coherent optical measurement system in laser vibration meter, laser range finder and other equipment more stable and reliable.

[0060] It is worth mentioning that each module involved in the embodiment is a logical unit. In actual application, one logical unit can be one physical unit, a part of one physical unit, or a combination of multiple physical units. In addition, in order to highlight the innovative part of the present application, units not closely related to solving the technical problems proposed in the present application are not introduced in the embodiment, but this does not mean that there are no other units in the embodiment.

[0061] Example 2

[0062] Please refer to Figure 6 The embodiment provides a single-mode transceiving method based on multi-waveguide cooperative reception.

[0063] As an example, the method is applied to the single-mode transceiving device based on multi-waveguide cooperative reception described in embodiment 1, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0064] S1, connecting the single-mode transceiving device to a long-distance coherent optical measurement system, connecting a single-mode transmitting waveguide to a light source, and finally connecting a single-mode waveguide to a light signal detection device.

[0065] S2, transmitting the light beam emitted by the single-mode transmitting waveguide into space through a transceiving multiplexer, and directing the light beam to a target object.

[0066] S3, when the reflected light of the target object enters the multi-waveguide cooperative reception device, N single-mode receiving waveguides located in different waveguide layers receive the reflected light.

[0067] S4, for the M single-mode receiving waveguides located in the second waveguide layer, the received light signal is transmitted to the first waveguide layer through the optical via structure.

[0068] S5, adjusting the attenuation coefficient of the N adjustable optical attenuators and the phase offset of the N phase modulators placed in the first waveguide layer through the adaptive control module, and processing the light signals received by each single-mode receiving waveguide to maximize the light power input into the final receiving single-mode waveguide through the waveguide combiner.

[0069] S6, the processed optical signals are combined by a waveguide combiner, and transmitted to a final receiving single-mode waveguide, and signal detection and analysis are performed by an optical signal detection device.

[0070] It can be found that the present embodiment is a method embodiment corresponding to the first embodiment, and the present embodiment can be implemented in cooperation with the first embodiment. The related technical details mentioned in the first embodiment are still valid in the present embodiment, and in order to reduce repetition, they will not be described here. Correspondingly, the related technical details mentioned in the present embodiment can also be applied in the first embodiment.

[0071] Embodiment 3

[0072] The present embodiment also proposes a storage medium, and the storage medium stores a single-mode transceiving method based on multi-waveguide cooperative reception. When the single-mode transceiving program based on multi-waveguide cooperative reception is executed by the processor, the steps of the single-mode transceiving method based on multi-waveguide cooperative reception are realized. Since the present storage medium adopts all the technical solutions of the above-mentioned embodiments, it at least has all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above-mentioned embodiments, which will not be described here.

[0073] Embodiment 4

[0074] Please refer to Figure 7 The present embodiment also provides an electronic device, which comprises a memory and a processor. The memory stores at least one program instruction. The processor realizes the single-mode transceiving method based on multi-waveguide cooperative reception provided in the embodiment 2 by loading and executing the at least one program instruction.

[0075] The memory 702 and the processor 701 are connected in a bus manner, and the bus can include any number of interconnected buses and bridges. The bus connects one or more processors 701 and various circuits of the memory 702 together. The bus can also connect various other circuits such as peripheral devices, voltage stabilizers and power management circuits together, which are well known in the art, and therefore, they will not be further described herein. The bus interface provides an interface between the bus and the transceiver. The transceiver can be one element or multiple elements such as multiple receivers and transmitters, which provide a unit for communicating with various other devices on the transmission medium. The data processed by the processor 701 is transmitted on the wireless medium through the antenna, and further, the antenna also receives data and transmits the data to the processor 701.

[0076] The processor 701 is responsible for managing the bus and general processing, and can also provide various functions, including timing, peripheral interface, voltage regulation, power management and other control functions. And the memory 702 can be used to store the data used by the processor 701 in the execution operation.

[0077] The above is only an embodiment of the present application, and the common knowledge of the specific structure and characteristics in the scheme is not described in detail here. The ordinary skilled person in the art knows all the ordinary technical knowledge in the field of the present application before the application date or the priority date, can know all the prior art in the field, and has the ability to apply conventional experimental means before that date. The ordinary skilled person in the art can perfect and implement the present scheme based on the disclosure given in the present application and in combination with their own ability. Some typical known structures or known methods should not be an obstacle for the ordinary skilled person in the art to implement the present application. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present application, a number of modifications and improvements can be made, which should also be considered as the protection scope of the present application. These will not affect the effect and practicality of the patent. The protection scope of the present application should be subject to the content of its claims, and the specific implementation mode and the like in the specification can be used to explain the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A single-mode transceiver based on multi-waveguide cooperative reception, characterized by, The single-mode transceiver device comprises a single-mode transmitting waveguide (1), a transceiving multiplexer (2), a multi-waveguide cooperative receiving device (3), and an adaptive control module (4); The multi-waveguide cooperative receiving device (3) comprises N single-mode receiving waveguides (30) located at different waveguide layers, M optical via structures (31), an adjustable optical attenuator array (32), a phase modulator array (33), a waveguide combiner (34), and a final receiving single-mode waveguide (35); The M optical via structures (31) each comprise a first port and a second port, and the first port and the second port are located at different waveguide layers, respectively, for realizing the interlayer transmission of optical signals; the first waveguide layer and the second waveguide layer are connected vertically through the optical via structure (31), the first port of the optical via structure (31) is located at the first waveguide layer, the second port of the optical via structure (31) is located at the second waveguide layer, and the first ends of the M single-mode receiving waveguides (30) located at the second waveguide layer are connected to the second ports of the M optical via structures (31), respectively; The single-mode transmitting waveguide (1) is located at the first waveguide layer, N-M single-mode receiving waveguides (30) are located at the first waveguide layer, and M single-mode receiving waveguides (30) are located at the second waveguide layer and are transitioned to the first waveguide layer through the M optical via structures (31), wherein the M single-mode receiving waveguides (30) that are transitioned to the first waveguide layer are connected to the first ends of the adjustable optical attenuator array (32) in the N single-mode receiving waveguides (30) in the first waveguide layer, respectively, the second end of the adjustable optical attenuator array (32) is connected to the first end of the phase modulator array (33), the second end of the phase modulator array (33) is connected to the first end of the waveguide combiner (34), and the second end of the waveguide combiner (34) is connected to the final receiving single-mode waveguide (35); The adaptive control module (4) is configured to dynamically optimize the attenuation coefficients of each channel of the adjustable optical attenuator array (32) and the phase offset of each channel of the phase modulator array (33), so as to maximize the optical power input into the final receiving single-mode waveguide (35) from the waveguide combiner (34).

2. The single-mode transceiver based on multi-waveguide collaborative reception of claim 1, wherein, The adjustable optical attenuator array (32) is configured with N adjustable optical attenuators, the phase modulator array (33) is configured with N phase modulators, the first ends of the N adjustable optical attenuators are connected to the output ends of the N single-mode receiving waveguides (30) that comprise M transition single-mode receiving waveguides (30) in the first waveguide layer, respectively, the second ends of the N adjustable optical attenuators are connected to the first ends of the N phase modulators, respectively, and the second ends of the N phase modulators are connected to the N input ports of the waveguide combiner (34), respectively.

3. The single-mode transceiver based on multi-waveguide collaborative reception of claim 1, wherein, The single-mode transmitting waveguide (1) is used for transmitting a measurement light beam; The transceiving multiplexer (2) is used for transmitting the measurement light beam transmitted by the single-mode transmitting waveguide (1) into space, receiving a return light reflected by a target object, and transmitting the return light into the multi-waveguide cooperative receiving device (3); The multi-waveguide cooperative receiving device (3) is used for outputting the returned light to an external optical signal detection device after processing, so as to analyze the information related to the target object.

4. The single-mode transceiver based on multi-waveguide collaborative reception of claim 1, wherein, The adaptive control module (4) is integrated with a power acquisition unit (40), a programmable logic device (41) and a driving circuit (42); The power acquisition unit (40) is used for acquiring the optical power of the N single-mode receiving waveguides (30) in real time; The programmable logic device (41) is used for optimizing the attenuation coefficients of the adjustable optical attenuator array (32) and the phase offset amounts of the phase modulator array (33) based on the optical power of the N single-mode receiving waveguides (30) through a preset optimization objective function; The driving circuit (42) is used for driving the adjustable optical attenuator array (32) and the phase modulator array (33) based on the optimized attenuation coefficients and phase offset amounts.

5. The single-mode transceiver based on multi-waveguide collaborative reception of claim 4, wherein, The programmable logic device (41) is integrated with a channel power difference evaluation unit (410), an update strategy generation unit (411) and a parameter update unit (412); The channel power difference evaluation unit (410) is used for calculating the power difference of each channel of the single-mode receiving waveguide (30) based on the optical power of the N single-mode receiving waveguides (30); The update strategy generation unit (411) is used for generating an update strategy of the attenuation coefficients and the phase offset amounts based on the power difference; The parameter update unit (412) is used for iteratively adjusting the attenuation coefficients and the phase offset amounts by using the gradient descent method based on the update strategy, so that the optimization objective function reaches a maximum value.

6. The single-mode transceiver based on multi-waveguide collaborative reception of claim 5, wherein, The update strategy includes: when the power difference is greater than a preset difference threshold, an update strategy of separately adjusting the attenuation coefficients of each adjustable optical attenuator in the adjustable optical attenuator array (32) is adopted; and when the power difference is less than or equal to the preset difference threshold, an update strategy of synchronously adjusting the attenuation coefficients of each adjustable optical attenuator in the adjustable optical attenuator array (32) and the phase offset amounts of each phase modulator in the phase modulator array (33) is adopted.

7. The single-mode transceiver based on multi-waveguide collaborative reception of claim 5, wherein, The optimization objective function includes: ； wherein, P(k) is the power coupled into the kth single-mode receiving waveguide, T(k) is the transmittance of the kth attenuator, which is inversely proportional to the attenuation coefficient, φ(k) is the phase shift of the kth phase modulator, P is the optical power input into the final receiving single-mode waveguide, and i is the imaginary unit.

8. A single-mode transceiving method based on multi-waveguide cooperative reception, the method being applied to the single-mode transceiving device based on multi-waveguide cooperative reception in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The method includes: Accessing the single-mode transceiver device to a long-distance coherent optical measurement system, connecting the single-mode transmitting waveguide (1) to a light source, and finally connecting the single-mode receiving waveguide (35) to an optical signal detection device; Transmitting the light beam emitted by the single-mode transmitting waveguide (1) to space through the transceiver multiplexer (2) and towards a target object; When the returned light reflected by the target object enters the multi-waveguide cooperative receiving device (3), the N single-mode receiving waveguides (30) located in different waveguide layers receive the returned light; For the M single-mode receiving waveguides (30) located in the second waveguide layer, the received optical signals are transmitted to the first waveguide layer through the optical via structure (31); The adaptive control module (4) adjusts the attenuation coefficients of N adjustable optical attenuators and the phase offset of N phase modulators in the first waveguide layer, and processes the optical signals received by each single-mode receiving waveguide (30), so as to maximize the optical power input into the final receiving single-mode waveguide (35) by the waveguide combiner (34); The processed optical signals are combined by the waveguide combiner (34) and transmitted to the final receiving single-mode waveguide (35), and the signal detection and analysis are performed by the optical signal detection device.

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