Small molecule peptide-based nutritional food for preventing muscle attenuation for old people and preparation method of small molecule peptide-based nutritional food

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of foods, and particularly discloses a micromolecule peptide-based nutritional food for preventing muscle attenuation for the elderly and a preparation method of the micromolecule peptide-based nutritional food. Comprising the following components in parts by weight: 23-50 parts of protein, 35-60 parts of carbohydrate, 4-9 parts of fat, 1-10 parts of dietary fibers, 0.5-1.2 parts of mineral elements, 0.1-1.0 part of vitamins, 0.2-1 part of dietary essence and 1-6 parts of new resource food. The small molecule peptide (containing collagen peptide) and the whey protein (containing branched chain amino acid) are combined to improve muscle quality through double ways of promoting synthesis and inhibiting decomposition, the effect is better than that of a single peptide component, and vitamin D3, magnesium element (Mg) and fructo-oligosaccharide are supplemented to act on muscle contraction, energy metabolism and intestinal tract-muscle axis links respectively, so that the muscle quality is improved. A systematic intervention scheme is formed, and the raw materials required by the preparation of the related small molecule peptide-based muscle attenuation-preventing nutritional food for the elderly are wide in source and relatively low in cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of food, and in particular relates to a nutritious food for the elderly based on small molecule peptides for preventing muscle attenuation and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Sarcopenia (SP) was first proposed by Professor Irwin Rosenberg of Tufts University in the United States in 1989. It is also known as sarcopenia, skeletal myopenia, and sarcopenia. SP is a progressive, systemic, and comprehensive degenerative disease associated with aging. With the continuous acceleration of the aging process of the global population, the problems presented by SP in the elderly population are becoming increasingly prominent, seriously affecting the quality of life of the elderly. SP is mainly manifested by a decrease in muscle quantity and quality and a decrease in muscle function. In addition to affecting the structure and function of skeletal muscle, SP further reduces people's quality of life, increases the probability and frequency of hospitalizations, increases the burden of care, and increases the risk of death, seriously endangering the physical and mental health of the elderly population.

[0003] Currently, in addition to medications to combat SP, nutritional supplementation is an important means of improving the nutritional status of the elderly, bedridden patients, and those with muscle wasting. Both domestic and international research advocates the use of special nutritional foods to improve muscle wasting in SP patients.

[0004] However, existing nutritional foods still have some shortcomings and deficiencies. On the one hand, although some complete nutritional formula foods can meet the comprehensive nutritional needs of the target population, they are complex in ingredients, high in cost, and have strict requirements on the content of various nutrients, resulting in low flexibility. On the other hand, although incomplete nutritional formula foods have the advantage of high flexibility, there are few products that can effectively improve muscle attenuation, making it difficult to meet the diverse clinical needs. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to develop a nutritional food with clear ingredients, reasonable cost, and the ability to effectively reduce muscle attenuation in the elderly. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a nutritious food for the elderly based on small molecule peptides for preventing muscle attenuation and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A nutritional food for the elderly based on small molecule peptides for preventing muscle attenuation, comprising the following components and their weight proportions: 23-50 parts protein, 35-60 parts carbohydrates, 4-9 parts fat, 1-10 parts dietary fiber, 0.5-1.2 parts mineral elements, 0.1-1.0 parts vitamins, 0.2-1 parts dietary essence, and 1-6 parts new resource food;

[0008] Among them, the new resource food includes at least one of colostrum alkaline protein, γ-aminobutyric acid, chitosan oligosaccharide, Eucommia ulmoides male flower, bamboo leaf flavonoids, casein phosphopeptide, β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate calcium, oat β-glucan, yeast β-glucan, milk mineral salt, maca powder, sea buckthorn, and oligoxylose; in the nutritional formula, the production capacity ratio of protein: fat: carbohydrate is 20~35:5~25:40~75.

[0009] Preferably, the protein comprises 15-30 parts of small molecule peptides;

[0010] The small molecule peptides include at least one of sea cucumber peptides, yak skin peptides, oyster peptides, collagen peptides, ginseng peptides, soybean peptides, corn peptides, and whey protein peptides.

[0011] Preferably, the protein comprises amino acids, and the amino acids comprise 4-10 parts of branched chain amino acids.

[0012] Preferably, the weight proportion of leucine in the branched-chain amino acids is 2-4 parts.

[0013] Preferably, the new resource food includes milk mineral salts, oat B-glucan, and calcium β-hydroxy-B-methylbutyrate.

[0014] Preferably, the weight proportion of calcium β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate in the new resource food is 1-6 parts.

[0015] According to the above-mentioned method for preparing a nutritional food for the elderly based on small molecule peptides for preventing muscle attenuation, the method comprises the following specific steps:

[0016] Step 1, preparing small molecule peptides: taking sea cucumber or yak hide raw materials, washing them, chopping the washed raw materials, adding distilled water equivalent to 10 times the volume of the raw materials, soaking them for 24 hours, adding composite protease to the soaked mixture, wherein the composite protease is obtained by mixing trypsin and neutral protease in a 1:1 ratio, controlling the total enzyme addition amount to 2000U / g raw materials, carrying out enzymatic hydrolysis at 50°C for 4 hours, boiling the enzymatic hydrolyzate for 10 minutes to inactivate the enzyme activity, cooling the solution after inactivation, and centrifuging (8000rpm, 20 minutes); collecting the supernatant after centrifugation, concentrating the supernatant under reduced pressure, freeze-drying the concentrate, crushing the dried product, and passing it through an 80-mesh sieve to obtain the final product, small molecule peptide;

[0017] Step 2, preparing fat-soluble vitamin powder and water-soluble vitamin powder: using a predetermined weight portion of fat-soluble vitamins as a core material, selecting carrageenan and gum arabic as wall materials, and performing two emulsification and homogenization treatments under high pressure for 10 to 15 minutes; then spray-drying the mixture instantaneously, and sieving it with a mesh size of 60 to 80 to prepare a fat-soluble vitamin powder; using a predetermined weight portion of water-soluble vitamins as a core material, selecting maltodextrin and lipoprotein as wall materials, mixing them uniformly, spray-drying the mixture instantaneously, and sieving it with a mesh size of 60 to 80 to prepare a water-soluble vitamin powder;

[0018] Step 3, preparing powders of protein, carbohydrate, dietary fiber, trace elements, dietary essence and new resource food: preparing predetermined weights of protein and amino acids, carbohydrate, dietary fiber, trace elements, dietary essence and new resource food into powders with a particle size of 150 to 250 μm;

[0019] Step 4: Add the powders prepared in steps 1 to 3 into a mixer in sequence, mix them evenly, and prepare a formula mixture, which is then sterilized and set aside;

[0020] Step 5, preparing the formula mixture prepared in steps 1 to 4 into at least one of a nutritional powder, a nutritional emulsion, a capsule, a tablet, a pill, and an oral solution;

[0021] The order of steps 1 to 3 can be interchanged.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] (1) The small molecule peptides (including collagen peptides) of the present invention work in combination with whey protein (including branched-chain amino acids) to improve muscle mass through the dual pathways of "promoting synthesis + inhibiting decomposition", which is superior to the effect of a single peptide component. By supplementing vitamin D3, magnesium (Mg) and oligofructose, they act on muscle contraction, energy metabolism and the intestinal-muscle axis, respectively, forming a systematic intervention program.

[0024] (2) The small molecule peptides of the present invention are rich in a variety of easily absorbed short peptides that can be quickly absorbed by the body in the intestines. They also contain a variety of ingredients that are beneficial to muscles, such as mucopolysaccharides, chondroitin sulfate, calcium (Ca), and trace elements such as iron (Fe), which help promote muscle growth and reduce muscle loss. Whey protein is rich in branched-chain amino acids, and its amino acid composition is similar to the pattern of essential amino acids required by the human body. It has high digestibility and utilization rate and has the effect of preventing muscle protein degradation in the elderly. Medium-chain triglycerides can quickly provide energy and reduce the burden on the body.

[0025] (3) The raw materials required for the preparation of the small molecule peptide-based nutritious food for the elderly for preventing muscle attenuation involved in the present invention are widely available and relatively low in cost. The preparation method has clear steps and is simple to operate. It does not require complex equipment and processes, is suitable for large-scale industrial production, and is conducive to the promotion and application of the product. The raw materials used in the small molecule peptide-based nutritious food for the elderly for preventing muscle attenuation are all safe and edible substances. The natural sweetener will not have an adverse effect on the health indicators such as blood sugar of the elderly. The entire product is highly safe and suitable for long-term consumption by the elderly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 The present invention is a flow chart of a method for preparing a nutritious food for the elderly for preventing muscle attenuation based on small molecule peptides. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will provide a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Example 1:

[0029] See also Figure 1 As shown, a nutritional food for the elderly based on small molecule peptides to prevent muscle attenuation:

[0030] The technical solution provided by the present invention is:

[0031] 1. The composition of the nutritional food (100g formula) is shown in Table 1 below:

[0032] Table 1

[0033]

[0034]

[0035]

[0036] 2. Core ingredient efficacy:

[0037] (1) Small molecule peptides (such as sea cucumber peptides, yak skin peptides, oyster peptides, collagen peptides, ginseng peptides, soy peptides, corn peptides, and whey protein peptides): Enzyme hydrolysates derived from sea cucumbers and yak skin, with a protein content of not less than 85%, of which short peptides with a molecular weight of <1000 Da account for not less than 60%, and the content of hydroxyproline with a muscle synthesis-promoting effect is not less than 12%, and the content of glycine is not less than 25%. These small molecule peptides can promote myosin synthesis by activating the Akt / mTOR cell signaling pathway.

[0038] (2) Whey protein: provides high-quality essential amino acids, including lysine, tryptophan, phenylalanine, methionine, threonine, isoleucine, leucine, and valine, which complement small molecule peptides and improve the efficiency of muscle protein synthesis.

[0039] (3) Glutamine: maintains intestinal barrier function, reduces the release of inflammatory factors such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), and inhibits muscle breakdown.

[0040] (4) β-Hydroxy-β-methylbutyric acid: It is a metabolite of leucine. Leucine is a key amino acid for preventing the loss of muscle mass and strength. One of its mechanisms of action is to convert it into β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyric acid. β-Hydroxy-β-methylbutyric acid has the effects of promoting protein synthesis, inhibiting protein breakdown, improving muscle mass in elderly patients with sarcopenia, thereby increasing body strength and delaying muscle fatigue. It can effectively treat muscle attenuation syndrome and help prevent muscle atrophy in the elderly. Therefore, it can largely prevent the occurrence of clinical adverse events, improve the quality of life and health index of the elderly, and reduce the medical burden on society and families. Its social benefits are significant.

[0041] (5) Vitamin D3 and magnesium (Mg): synergistically regulate the metabolism of calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) in the body, maintain normal muscle contraction function, and vitamin D3 can also regulate the differentiation of muscle cells through vitamin D receptors (VDR).

[0042] (6) Oligofructose: regulates intestinal flora and promotes the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA). SCFA can enhance muscle mitochondrial function through blood circulation.

[0043] 3. Preparation method:

[0044] Weigh 20 parts of sea cucumber peptide, 10 parts of concentrated whey protein, 4 parts of glutamine, 3 parts of egg yolk lecithin, 3 parts of medium-chain triglycerides, 9 parts of dietary fiber, 0.5 parts of compound vitamins, 0.7 parts of compound mineral elements and 0.04 parts of steviol glycoside.

[0045] According to the preparation method of the small molecule peptide in the preparation method, the sea cucumber is subjected to directional enzymatic hydrolysis, temperature-raising inactivation, ammonium sulfate precipitation, centrifugal precipitation, ultrafiltration desalination and drying powdering to obtain the sea cucumber peptide powder.

[0046] The prepared sea cucumber peptide powder was mixed with other raw materials in a three-dimensional mixer at a rotation speed of 25 rpm for 25 minutes to obtain a uniformly mixed nutritional food powder.

[0047] filling the prepared nutritious food powder with nitrogen and packaging it;

[0048] (1) Preparation of small molecule peptides: clean sea cucumber or yak hide → chop → add 10 times the volume of distilled water and soak for 24 h → add composite protease (trypsin: neutral protease = 1:1, the ratio of total enzyme to raw material is 2000 U / g) → enzymatic hydrolysis at 50℃ for 4 h → boil to inactivate the enzyme for 10 min → centrifuge for 20 min (8000 rpm) → vacuum concentrate the supernatant → freeze-dry → crush and pass through an 80-mesh sieve.

[0049] (2) Mixing process: small molecule peptides, whey protein, glutamine, β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate calcium, egg yolk lecithin, medium chain triglycerides, vitamins, mineral elements, oligofructose, oligogalactose, inulin, fructose and maltodextrin were weighed according to the formula and mixed evenly using a three-dimensional motion mixer (rotation speed 15 rpm, mixing time 30 min).

[0050] (3) Packaging: Nitrogen-filled aluminum foil bags, 20 g per bag, sterilization temperature 121 ° C, sterilization time 30 min.

[0051] The technical solution in the first embodiment of the present invention adopts:

[0052] (1) Weigh 20 parts of sea cucumber peptide, 10 parts of concentrated whey protein, 4 parts of glutamine, 3 parts of egg yolk lecithin, 3 parts of medium-chain triglycerides, 9 parts of dietary fiber, 0.5 parts of compound vitamins, 0.7 parts of compound mineral elements and 0.04 parts of stevioside.

[0053] According to the preparation method of the small molecule peptide in the preparation method, the sea cucumber is subjected to directional enzymatic hydrolysis, temperature-raising inactivation, ammonium sulfate precipitation, centrifugal precipitation, ultrafiltration desalination and drying powdering to obtain the sea cucumber peptide powder.

[0054] The prepared sea cucumber peptide powder was mixed with other raw materials in a three-dimensional mixer at a rotation speed of 25 rpm for 25 minutes to obtain a uniformly mixed nutritional food powder.

[0055] The prepared nutritional food powder is packed by nitrogen filling.

[0056] As a control, ordinary protein powder (containing only whey protein, without sea cucumber peptide and other special ingredients) was used as a comparative example and prepared according to the method described in Example 1.

[0057] Experimental verification: 60 healthy male SD rats, weighing 180-200 g, were randomly divided into three groups, namely, embodiment group, comparative example group and blank control group, with 20 rats in each group.

[0058] The specific experimental method was as follows: rats in the Example and Comparative Example groups were gavaged with the corresponding nutritional food (at a dose of 5g / kg), while the blank control group was gavaged with an equal dose of normal saline for 8 weeks. During the gavage period, the rats were fed a basal diet and had free access to water. After 8 weeks, the rats' grip strength, endurance, muscle mass coefficient, and muscle fiber diameter were measured.

[0059] Experimental results: In the grip strength measurement study, the average grip strength of rats in the Example group was significantly higher than that in the Comparative Example group and the Blank Control Group (P<0.05), and there was no significant difference between the Comparative Example group and the Blank Control Group (P>0.05).

[0060] In the endurance measurement study, the endurance of the rats was judged by the exercise time and distance on the treadmill. The endurance of the rats in the embodiment group was significantly better than that in the comparison group and the blank control group (P<0.05), and there was no significant difference between the comparison group and the blank control group (P>0.05).

[0061] In the muscle coefficient measurement study: the muscle coefficients of the gastrocnemius and plantaris muscles of the rats in the embodiment group were significantly higher than those in the comparison group and the blank control group (P<0.05), and there was no significant difference between the comparison group and the blank control group (P>0.05).

[0062] In the study of muscle fiber diameter measurement: the muscle fiber diameter of the rats in the embodiment group was significantly larger than that in the comparison group and the blank control group (P<0.05), and there was no significant difference between the comparison group and the blank control group (P>0.05).

[0063] Therefore, the experimental research results show that the nutritional food prepared by the present invention for reducing muscle attenuation in the elderly can significantly improve the muscle function-related indicators of rats, effectively improve the muscle attenuation condition, and is better than ordinary protein powder.

[0064] As can be seen from the above, the food effects of the present invention include:

[0065] (1) Dual-peptide synergistic mechanism: Small molecule peptides (including collagen peptides) and whey protein (containing branched-chain amino acids) work together to improve muscle mass through the dual pathways of "promoting synthesis + inhibiting decomposition", which is better than the effect of a single peptide component.

[0066] (2) Multidimensional target regulation: By supplementing vitamin D3, magnesium (Mg) and oligofructose, they act on muscle contraction, energy metabolism and the gut-muscle axis, forming a systematic intervention plan.

[0067] (3) Effectively improve muscle attenuation: The small molecule peptides in the present invention are rich in a variety of easily absorbed short peptides, which can be quickly absorbed by the body in the intestines, and contain a variety of ingredients beneficial to muscles, such as mucopolysaccharides, chondroitin sulfate, calcium (Ca) and iron (Fe) and other trace elements, which help promote muscle growth and reduce muscle loss. Whey protein is rich in branched-chain amino acids, and its amino acid composition is similar to the pattern of essential amino acids required by the human body. It has high digestibility and utilization rate and can prevent muscle protein degradation in the elderly. Medium-chain triglycerides can quickly provide energy and reduce the burden on the body.

[0068] (4) Affordable cost and simple preparation method: The raw materials required for the preparation of the small molecule peptide-based nutritional food for the elderly for preventing muscle attenuation involved in the present invention are widely available and relatively inexpensive. The preparation method has clear steps and is simple to operate. It does not require complex equipment and processes, is suitable for large-scale industrial production, and is conducive to the promotion and application of the product.

[0069] (5) High safety: The raw materials used in the elderly nutritional food for preventing muscle attenuation based on small molecule peptides involved in the present invention are all safe and edible substances. Natural sweeteners will not have adverse effects on health indicators such as blood sugar of the elderly. The entire product is highly safe and suitable for long-term consumption by the elderly.

[0070] In the description of this specification, the reference terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples" or "some examples" mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification and features of different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

[0071] In the drawings of the embodiments disclosed in the present invention, only the structures related to the embodiments disclosed in the present invention are involved. Other structures can refer to the general design. In the absence of conflict, the same embodiment and different embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0072] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A nutritional food for the elderly based on small molecule peptides for preventing muscle attenuation, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following components and their weight proportions: 23-50 parts of protein, 35-60 parts of carbohydrates, 4-9 parts of fat, 1-10 parts of dietary fiber, 0.5-1.2 parts of mineral elements, 0.1-1.0 parts of vitamins, 0.2-1 parts of dietary essence and 1-6 parts of new resource food; Among them, the new resource food includes at least one of colostrum alkaline protein, γ-aminobutyric acid, chitosan oligosaccharide, Eucommia ulmoides male flower, bamboo leaf flavonoids, casein phosphopeptide, β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate calcium, oat β-glucan, yeast β-glucan, milk mineral salt, maca powder, sea buckthorn, and oligoxylose; in the nutritional formula, the production capacity ratio of protein: fat: carbohydrate is 20~35:5~25:40~75.

2. A nutritional food for the elderly based on small molecule peptides for preventing muscle attenuation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protein includes 15-30 parts of small molecule peptides; The small molecule peptides include at least one of sea cucumber peptides, yak skin peptides, oyster peptides, collagen peptides, ginseng peptides, soybean peptides, corn peptides, and whey protein peptides.

3. A nutritional food for the elderly based on small molecule peptides for preventing muscle attenuation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protein comprises amino acids, and the amino acids include 4-10 parts of branched chain amino acids.

4. A nutritional food for the elderly for preventing muscle attenuation based on small molecule peptides according to claim 3, characterized in that: The weight proportion of leucine in the branched-chain amino acids is 2-4 parts.

5. The nutritional food for the elderly for preventing muscle attenuation based on small molecule peptides according to claim 1, characterized in that: The new resource food includes milk mineral salt, oat B-glucan, and beta-hydroxy-B-methylbutyrate calcium.

6. A nutritional food for the elderly based on small molecule peptides for preventing muscle attenuation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The weight proportion of calcium beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate in the new resource food is 1-6 parts.

7. The method for preparing a nutritional food for the elderly for preventing muscle attenuation based on small molecule peptides according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The specific steps include: Step 1, preparing small molecule peptides: taking sea cucumber or yak hide raw materials, washing them, chopping the washed raw materials, adding distilled water equivalent to 10 times the volume of the raw materials, and soaking them for 24 hours, adding composite protease to the soaked mixture, wherein the composite protease is obtained by mixing trypsin and neutral protease in a ratio of 1:1, and controlling the total enzyme addition amount to 2000U / g raw materials, performing enzymatic hydrolysis reaction at 50°C for 4 hours, boiling the enzymatic hydrolyzate for 10 minutes to inactivate the enzyme activity, cooling the solution after inactivation, and centrifuging at 8000rpm for 20 minutes; The supernatant after centrifugation was collected, and the supernatant was concentrated under reduced pressure. The concentrate was freeze-dried, and the dried product was crushed and passed through an 80-mesh sieve to obtain the final product, a small molecule peptide; Step 2, preparing fat-soluble vitamin powder and water-soluble vitamin powder: using a predetermined weight portion of fat-soluble vitamins as a core material, selecting carrageenan and gum arabic as wall materials, and performing two emulsification and homogenization treatments under high pressure for 10 to 15 minutes; then spray-drying the mixture instantaneously, and sieving it with a mesh size of 60 to 80 to prepare a fat-soluble vitamin powder; using a predetermined weight portion of water-soluble vitamins as a core material, selecting maltodextrin and lipoprotein as wall materials, mixing them uniformly, spray-drying the mixture instantaneously, and sieving it with a mesh size of 60 to 80 to prepare a water-soluble vitamin powder; Step 3, preparing powders of protein, carbohydrate, dietary fiber, trace elements, dietary essence and new resource food: preparing predetermined weights of protein and amino acids, carbohydrate, dietary fiber, trace elements, dietary essence and new resource food into powders with a particle size of 150 to 250 μm; Step 4: Add the powders prepared in steps 1 to 3 into a mixer in sequence, mix them evenly, and prepare a formula mixture, which is then sterilized and set aside; Step 5, preparing the formula mixture prepared in steps 1 to 4 into at least one of a nutritional powder, a nutritional emulsion, a capsule, a tablet, a pill, and an oral solution; The order of steps 1 to 3 can be interchanged.

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