Biological tibia support capable of being pressurized to prevent sinking

Abstract

The biological type tibia support comprises a tibia support body, the tibia support body comprises a tibia platform and a stand column, and the first end of the stand column is connected with the tibia platform; the tibia platform further comprises an expansion sleeve and a pressurizer, the pressurizer is connected to the second end of the stand column in a displaceable mode and can exert pressure towards the expansion sleeve, the expansion sleeve is forced to deform and expand to be fixed to the tibia, the expansion part is firmly embedded into the tibia marrow cavity, and the tibia platform can be stably fixed to the tibia. The initial stability of the biological tibia support can be kept, and the problem that the prosthesis sinks after being used for a long time can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of orthopedic instruments, and in particular to a bio-type tibial tray capable of applying pressure and preventing sinking. Background Art

[0002] The knee joint is one of the largest and most complex joints in the human body, playing a vital role in daily activities and motor function. When the knee joint loses partial or complete function due to disease or injury, patients often suffer from severe pain and mobility problems. Against this backdrop, knee replacement surgery, which has been developed over decades, has emerged. It surgically implants an artificial prosthesis system to replace the damaged natural knee joint, aiming to effectively restore the physiological function of the joint, significantly alleviate the patient's pain, and maximize their ability to move independently and take care of themselves.

[0003] A typical knee prosthesis system primarily consists of core components: the femoral condyle prosthesis, the tibial plateau prosthesis, and the patellar prosthesis (optional). With the rapid advancements in biomedical engineering, materials science, and manufacturing processes, as well as increasingly stringent clinical requirements for prosthetic safety, effectiveness, and durability, knee prosthesis technology has matured and improved. A wide range of knee prostheses with diverse designs, material combinations, and fixation methods are emerging, providing clinicians and patients with a wide range of treatment options.

[0004] Based on their fixation method, knee prostheses can be divided into two main categories: cement-fixed and biologically fixed (cementless). Cement-fixed knee prostheses are considered the "gold standard" for total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and are widely used clinically. Their fixation mechanism relies on the expansion effect of bone cement (typically polymethyl methacrylate, PMMA) during polymerization, enabling it to penetrate and fill the interstices between trabecular bone. This process not only effectively reinforces porous bone but also expands the contact area between the prosthesis and bone, thereby more evenly distributing and transmitting stress. This fixation method requires relatively low surgical precision and is more tolerant of the patient's bone condition. However, as a bioinert material, bone cement primarily forms a mechanical lock with bone tissue or the metal surface of the prosthesis, rather than a biological bond. This mechanical connection makes it difficult to avoid long-term problems such as aging, fatigue fracture, fragmentation, and the generation of wear particles. Clinical practice has also confirmed that bone cement prostheses may cause a series of complications, such as the acute physiological reaction of bone cement implantation syndrome (BCIS), thermal damage to periprosthetic tissues caused by the exothermic polymerization of bone cement, an increased risk of local postoperative infection, sensory or functional abnormalities in the implant area, and early aseptic loosening of the prosthesis due to interface failure. These potential risks may affect the overall success rate of the surgery and the long-term in vivo stability of the prosthesis.

[0005] In contrast, biocompatible knee prostheses strive to achieve direct bone ingrowth between the prosthesis and the host bone. This involves the growth and integration of bone tissue onto the porous surface of the prosthesis or a specialized coating, resulting in long-lasting biological fixation. This fixation method fundamentally overcomes the inherent mechanical limitations of cemented prostheses, promoting deep integration between the prosthesis and bone tissue. This theoretically provides superior long-term stability and facilitates later revisions, offering broad application prospects.

[0006] For biological knee prostheses, whether or not a firm initial stability can be achieved is an important factor affecting their later bone ingrowth and long-term stability. At present, biological knee prostheses mainly adopt an interference fit fixation method to fix the artificial tibial plateau on the tibia to obtain a certain initial stability. However, since existing biological knee prostheses usually adopt a two-point interference fit structure to fix the human tibia, they are prone to loosening due to uneven force under walking loads, and complications such as tibial plateau sinking or tilting often occur, resulting in insufficient initial stability of the tibial plateau. The reasons are mostly due to the failure of the tibial plateau to achieve effective and strong fixation or the lateral shear force generated by the eccentric load causing micro-motion or displacement between the prosthesis and bone interface. Therefore, improving the fixation design of the biological knee tibial plateau and strengthening the firm combination of the joint prosthesis and the tibial tissue are of great significance for enhancing the initial stability of the biological knee prosthesis, solving the problem of prosthesis sinking, promoting later bone ingrowth and improving the long-term stability of the prosthesis. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To this end, in response to at least one of the above problems, the present invention provides a bio-type tibial tray that can be pressurized to prevent sinking.

[0008] The present invention is implemented by the following scheme:

[0009] The present invention proposes a bio-type tibial tray that can be pressurized to prevent sinking, including a tibial tray body, the tibial tray body including a tibial plateau and a column, the column including a first end and a second end in opposite directions, the first end of the column being connected to the tibial plateau; and also including an expansion sleeve and a pressurizer, the pressurizer being connected to the second end of the column in a displaceable manner and being able to apply pressure toward the expansion sleeve, forcing the expansion sleeve to deform and expand and form a fixation with the tibia.

[0010] In one embodiment, the expansion sleeve includes an expansion sleeve body having a circumferentially surrounding hollow ring structure, and the expansion sleeve body is provided with a circumferentially surrounding expansion portion, which can be compressed to deform and expand in the radial direction so as to abut against the tibia in the circumferential direction to form a fixation.

[0011] In one embodiment, the expansion sleeve body is provided with at least one group of elongated holes, wherein each group of elongated holes comprises a plurality of elongated holes arranged circumferentially around the expansion sleeve body and extending axially along the expansion sleeve body.

[0012] In one embodiment, the expansion portion is provided at at least one end of the expansion sleeve body, and the expansion portion is hollow cone-shaped / trumpet-shaped; the pressurizer is provided with a first pressurizing portion, and the column is provided with a second pressurizing portion near the second end, and at least one of the first pressurizing portion and the second pressurizing portion can squeeze the expansion portion, so that the expansion portion is deformed and expanded; the elongated hole extends inside the expansion sleeve body.

[0013] In one embodiment, the expansion sleeve body includes a cylindrical portion and two expansion portions respectively connected to the two ends of the cylindrical portion. The first pressurizing portion and the second pressurizing portion can squeeze the two expansion portions of the expansion sleeve so that the two expansion portions are deformed and expanded. The elongated hole extends from the inside of one of the expansion portions across the cylindrical portion to the inside of the other expansion portion.

[0014] In one embodiment, at least one end of the expansion sleeve body is provided with an expansion portion, and the expansion portion is hollow cone-shaped / trumpet-shaped; the pressurizer is provided with a first pressurizing portion, and the column is provided with a second pressurizing portion near the second end, and at least one of the first pressurizing portion and the second pressurizing portion can squeeze the expansion portion so that the expansion portion is deformed and expanded; the elongated hole extends in the expansion sleeve body and passes through the expansion portion from the outer periphery of the expansion portion, thereby forming a cantilever structure on the expansion sleeve body.

[0015] In one embodiment, the expansion sleeve body includes a cylindrical portion and two expansion portions respectively connected to the two ends of the cylindrical portion, and the first pressurizing portion and the second pressurizing portion can pressurize the two expansion portions of the expansion sleeve so that the two expansion portions are deformed and expanded; the expansion sleeve body is provided with two groups of long holes, each of which extends from the cylindrical portion to the expansion portion and passes through the expansion portion from the outer periphery of the expansion portion, so that the expansion portion is divided into a plurality of small blocks, and the connection part between each small block and the cylindrical portion forms the cantilever structure.

[0016] In one embodiment, the expansion portion is drum-shaped with a large middle portion and small ends; the expansion sleeve body also includes two cylindrical portions respectively connected to the two ends of the expansion portion, the pressurizer is provided with a first pressurizing portion, and the column is provided with a second pressurizing portion near the second end. The first pressurizing portion and the second pressurizing portion can respectively abut against the two cylindrical portions and apply pressure, so that the expansion portion is deformed and expanded; the elongated hole extends from the inside of one of the cylindrical portions across the expansion portion to the inside of the other cylindrical portion.

[0017] In one embodiment, the pressurizer is provided with a first pressurizing part, the column is provided with a second pressurizing part near the second end, and the expansion sleeve is positioned between the first pressurizing part and the second pressurizing part. The displacement movement of the pressurizer toward the column enables the first pressurizing part and the second pressurizing part to pressurize the two ends of the expansion sleeve respectively, so that the expansion sleeve deforms and expands.

[0018] In one embodiment, the first pressurizing portion and the second pressurizing portion are spherical.

[0019] In one embodiment, a first positioning portion is provided on a side of the first pressurizing portion facing the second pressurizing portion, and a second positioning portion is provided on a side of the second pressurizing portion facing the first pressurizing portion.

[0020] In one embodiment, a tapered portion is further provided on the side of the second pressurizing portion facing the tibial plateau.

[0021] In one embodiment, a bolt hole is provided in the tibial support body, and the bolt hole extends from the tibial plateau and passes through the column; a connecting bolt is passed through the bolt hole, and the end of the connecting bolt passes through the second end of the column and is threadedly connected to the pressurizer, thereby realizing that the pressurizer is connected to the second end of the column in a displaceable manner.

[0022] The technical solution provided by the present invention has the following technical effects:

[0023] 1. The present invention proposes a bio-type tibial tray that can be pressurized to prevent sinking, comprising a tibial tray body, the tibial tray body comprising a tibial plateau and a column, the first end of the column being connected to the tibial plateau; and further comprising an expansion sleeve and a pressurizer, the pressurizer being connected to the second end of the column in a displaceable manner and being able to apply pressure toward the expansion sleeve, forcing the expansion sleeve to deform and expand and be fixed to the tibia, the expansion portion being firmly embedded in the tibial medullary cavity, so that the tibial plateau can be stably fixed on the tibia, which can not only maintain the initial stability of the bio-type tibial tray, but also solve the problem of prosthesis sinking after long-term use.

[0024] 2. The expansion sleeve includes an expansion sleeve body having a circumferentially surrounding hollow ring structure. The expansion sleeve body is provided with a circumferentially surrounding expansion portion. The expansion portion can be compressed to deform and expand in the radial direction, thereby abutting and fixing the tibia in the circumferential direction. This makes the circumferential force uniform, and can solve the problem that the existing biological tibial plateau is easily loosened due to uneven force under walking load because it is fixed to the tibia with a two-point interference fit structure.

[0025] 3. The expansion sleeve body is provided with at least one group of elongated holes, wherein each group of elongated holes includes a plurality of elongated holes arranged circumferentially around the expansion sleeve body and extending axially along the expansion sleeve body. The elongated holes are adapted to the expansion sleeve body having a cylindrical structure. On the basis of improving the biocompatibility of the expansion sleeve, the elongated holes can also enhance the deformation ability of the expansion sleeve, making it easier to deform and expand when pressurized by the pressurizer, thereby further enhancing the stability of the tibial plateau fixed on the tibia. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 is an exploded view of a tibial tray according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 is an exploded view of the tibial tray of this embodiment from another direction;

[0028] Figure 3 is a front view of the tibial tray of this embodiment;

[0029] Figure 4 is a full cross-sectional view of the tibial tray of this embodiment;

[0030] Figure 5 is a perspective view of the expansion sleeve of this embodiment;

[0031] Figure 6 is a front view of an expansion sleeve according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 is a perspective view of an expansion sleeve according to a third embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 is a front view of an expansion sleeve according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 9 It is a perspective view of an expansion sleeve according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] To further illustrate various embodiments, the present invention is provided with accompanying drawings. These drawings form part of the present disclosure and are primarily used to illustrate the embodiments and, in conjunction with the relevant description in the specification, to explain the operating principles of the embodiments. By referring to these drawings, one of ordinary skill in the art will understand other possible embodiments and the advantages of the present invention. The components in the figures are not drawn to scale, and similar reference numerals are generally used to represent similar components.

[0036] The present invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] like Figure 1-Figure 5As shown, this embodiment provides a bio-type tibial tray that can be pressurized to prevent sinking, including a tibial tray body 10, an expansion sleeve 20, a pressurizer 30, and a connecting bolt 40. The tibial tray body 10 includes a tibial plateau 11 and a column 12. The tibial plateau 11 and the column 12 are connected to each other. The connection angle between the axis of the column 12 and the tibial plateau 11 conforms to the physiological structure of the human body. For example, the angle between the axis of the column 12 and the tibial plateau 11 is 85° to 90°. The column 12 is used to be inserted into the tibial medullary cavity to position and support the tibial plateau 11.

[0039] The column 12 includes a first end and a second end in different directions, and the first end of the column 12 is connected to the tibial plateau 11. The pressurizer 30 is connected to the second end of the column 12 in a displaceable manner. In this embodiment, a bolt hole 101 is provided in the tibial support body 10, and the bolt hole 101 extends from the tibial plateau 11 to the inside of the column 12 and passes through the column 12. The connecting bolt 40 is passed through the bolt hole 101, and the end of the connecting bolt 40 passes through the second end of the column 12 and is screwed to the pressurizer 30. The pressurizer 30 is provided with a threaded structure 301 that matches the connecting bolt 40, thereby realizing that the pressurizer 30 is displaceably provided at the second end of the column 12 of the tibial support body 10. In this embodiment, the threaded structure 301 is specifically a threaded hole. An expansion sleeve 20 is disposed between the tibial tray body 10 and the pressurizer 30. The pressurizer 30 is displaceably connected to the second end of the column 12 and is capable of applying pressure toward the expansion sleeve 20, forcing the expansion sleeve 20 to deform and expand, thereby securing the sleeve to the tibia. Of course, in other embodiments, the pressurizer 30 can be displaceably disposed at the second end of the column 12 of the tibial tray body 10 using a telescopic rod or the like.

[0040] The expansion sleeve 20 is basically coaxially arranged between the column 12 and the pressurizer 30. The displacement movement of the pressurizer 30 toward the column 12 can enable the column 12 and the pressurizer 30 to pressurize the two ends of the expansion sleeve 20 respectively, causing the expansion sleeve 20 to deform and expand.

[0041] The expansion sleeve 20 includes an expansion sleeve body 21 having a circumferentially surrounding hollow ring structure. The expansion sleeve body 21 is provided with a circumferentially surrounding expansion portion 212. The expansion portion 212 can be compressed to deform and expand in the radial direction so as to abut against the tibia in the circumferential direction to form a fixation. In this embodiment, as the threaded fitting structure between the connecting bolt 40 and the pressurizer 30 is locked, the pressurizer 30 will continuously pressurize the expansion sleeve 20, causing the expansion parts 212 at both ends of the expansion sleeve 20 to expand outward to form an inverted buckle mechanism. The two ends of the expansion sleeve 20 are firmly embedded in the tibial medullary cavity, and the expansion parts 212 of the expansion sleeve 20 abut against the tibia in the circumferential direction, so that the tibial plateau is stably fixed on the tibia. The abutment with the tibia in the circumferential direction forms a fixation so that the circumferential force is uniform, which can solve the problem that the existing biological tibial plateau is easily loosened due to uneven force under walking load due to the use of a two-point interference fit structure to fix the tibia; the expansion sleeve 20 expands outward in both directions, which can not only achieve pressurization, but also effectively prevent the tibial support body 10 from sinking, thereby solving the problem of insufficient initial stability and prosthesis sinking of the existing biological tibial plateau.

[0042] The expansion sleeve body 21 further includes a cylindrical portion 211. In this embodiment, the expansion sleeve body 21 is provided with two expansion portions 212, which are respectively connected to the two ends of the cylindrical portion 211. The diameter of the expansion portion 212 gradually increases in a direction away from the cylindrical portion 211, that is, the expansion portion 212 is in the shape of a hollow cone or a trumpet.

[0043] The pressurizer 30 is provided with a first pressurizing portion 31. The column 12 is provided with a second pressurizing portion 122 near the second end. The expansion sleeve 20 is positioned between the first pressurizing portion 31 and the second pressurizing portion 122. The outer diameters of the first pressurizing portion 31 and the second pressurizing portion 122 are both larger than the minimum inner diameter of the expansion portion 212.

[0044] When the threaded matching structure between the connecting bolt 40 and the pressurizer 30 is locked, the first pressurizing part 31 of the pressurizer 30 and the second pressurizing part 122 at the lower end of the column 12 are respectively embedded in the expansion parts 212 at both ends of the expansion sleeve 20, and squeeze the two expansion parts 212 of the expansion sleeve 20, so that the two expansion parts 212 are deformed and expanded. The expansion parts 212 are firmly embedded in the tibial medullary cavity, which can stably fix the tibial plateau on the tibia, and can not only maintain the initial stability of the biological tibial tray, but also solve the problem of prosthesis sinking after long-term use. The surgical procedure of the biological tibial tray of this embodiment is simple to operate. It only needs to expand to make the two ends of the expansion sleeve embedded in the medullary cavity. In addition, if revision is needed later, it is only necessary to loosen the bolts of the biological tibial tray, remove the tibial tray, and properly expand the medullary cavity to completely remove the components. The revision operation is simple and easy.

[0045] The expansion sleeve body 21 is also provided with a plurality of elongated holes 213, which extend along the axial direction of the expansion sleeve body 21. The plurality of elongated holes 213 are arranged around the circumference of the expansion sleeve body 21. Preferably, the plurality of elongated holes 213 are evenly distributed around the circumference of the expansion sleeve body 21. In addition, both ends of the elongated holes 213 extend to the interior of the expansion portion 212, that is, the elongated holes 213 extend from one of the expansion portions 212 across the cylindrical portion 211 to the other expansion portion 212. The provision of the elongated holes 213 in the expansion sleeve body 21 can create a three-dimensional environment that is conducive to the inward growth of the host bone tissue, thereby achieving biological fixation. Specifically, the elongated holes 213 can provide space for bone ingrowth, promote bone ingrowth and bone integration, and achieve a stronger and more lasting biological fixation between the prosthesis and the human skeleton. This fixation method is more secure and durable than traditional bone cement fixation or mechanical fixation using smooth surfaces, and it also improves biocompatibility, significantly increasing the long-term success rate and service life of the prosthesis. This is particularly important for young, active, or poorly boned patients. In this embodiment, the elongated holes 213 provided in the expansion sleeve body 21 are used as an example for illustration, but this is not limiting. In addition to straight-edged elongated holes, the elongated holes in this embodiment can also be elliptical, or the expansion sleeve body 21 can be provided with other pore shapes, such as multiple circular holes, to improve biocompatibility. In this embodiment, the elongated holes 213 extend axially along the expansion sleeve body 21. The elongated holes 213 are adapted to the cylindrical structure of the expansion sleeve body 21. In addition to improving the biocompatibility of the expansion sleeve, the elongated holes 213 also enhance the deformation capacity of the expansion sleeve 20, making it easier to deform and expand when pressurized by the pressurizer 30, thereby further strengthening the secure fixation of the tibial plateau to the tibia.

[0046] In this embodiment, the first pressurizing portion 31 and the second pressurizing portion 122 are spherical, thereby applying a more uniform pressurizing force to the expansion sleeve 20, thereby improving the expansion of the expansion sleeve 20 within the medullary cavity and reducing the resistance of the post 12 inserted into the tibial medullary cavity. Of course, the shapes of the first pressurizing portion 31 and the second pressurizing portion 122 are not limited to this. The first pressurizing portion 31 and the second pressurizing portion 122 can also be shaped to match the medullary cavity, or can be ellipsoidal, approximately spherical, or the like.

[0047] In some embodiments, the expansion portion 212 may not be conical before deformation and expansion; that is, if the expansion portion 212 has sufficient deformation and expansion capabilities, the expansion portion 212 may be straight before deformation and expansion. In this case, the minimum inner diameter of the expansion portion 212 is the inner diameter of the straight expansion portion 212. In this embodiment, the expansion portion 212 is a hollow cone, which has a smaller deformation amount and a more stable structure, further improving the long-term success rate and service life of the prosthesis.

[0048] In this embodiment, a first positioning portion 32 is provided on the side of the first pressurizing portion 31 facing the second pressurizing portion 122, and the threaded structure 301 and the first positioning portion 32 are located on the same side of the first pressurizing portion 31. A second positioning portion 121 is provided on the side of the second pressurizing portion 122 facing the first pressurizing portion 31. The first positioning portion 32 and the second positioning portion 121 can position the expansion sleeve 20 more accurately and guide the expansion sleeve 20, ensuring a more precise position of the expanded sleeve 20.

[0049] In this embodiment, the first positioning portion 32 and the second positioning portion 121 are both cylindrical. Of course, in other embodiments, the first positioning portion 32 and the second positioning portion 121 can be conical, etc., as long as they can achieve the positioning and guiding functions.

[0050] A tapered portion 123 is further provided on the side of the second pressurizing portion 122 facing the tibial plateau 11. The tapered portion 123 can make it easier for the post 12 to be inserted into the tibial medullary cavity, thereby reducing the resistance to the insertion of the post 12.

[0051] A reinforcement member 13 is connected between the tibial plateau 11 and the upright 12. The reinforcement member 13 is specifically a rib. In this embodiment, two reinforcement members 13 are provided, forming a double-wing shape. The reinforcement members 13 strengthen the connection between the tibial plateau 11 and the upright 12, thereby increasing the overall structural strength of the tibial tray body 10.

[0052] Example 2

[0053] Reference Figure 6 The main difference between this embodiment and Example 1 is that the expansion sleeve 20a in this embodiment is different from that in Example 1, and the rest of this embodiment is the same as Example 1. More specifically, the arrangement of the elongated hole 213a of the expansion sleeve 20a in this embodiment is different from that in Example 1.

[0054] The expansion sleeve 20a of this embodiment includes an expansion sleeve main body 21a, which also includes an expansion portion 212 and a cylindrical portion 211. Two expansion portions 212 are provided, and the two expansion portions 212 are respectively connected to the two ends of the cylindrical portion 211. The diameter of the expansion portion 212 gradually expands in the direction away from the cylindrical portion 211, that is, the expansion portion 212 is hollow cone-shaped, or the expansion portion 212 is trumpet-shaped.

[0055] In this embodiment, the expansion sleeve body 21 is provided with two groups of elongated holes 213, each group comprising a plurality of elongated holes 213a. The elongated holes 213a in each group are arranged circumferentially around the expansion sleeve body 21. Preferably, each group of elongated holes 213 is evenly distributed around the circumference of the expansion sleeve body 21, and the number of elongated holes 213 in both groups is equal. Each elongated hole 213a extends from the cylindrical portion 211 toward the expansion portion 212 and passes through the expansion portion 212 along its outer periphery, thereby dividing the expansion portion 212 into multiple small segments. Each small segment forms a cantilevered structure at its connection to the cylindrical portion 211. This further enhances the deformation capability of the expansion sleeve 20, making it more susceptible to deformation and expansion when pressurized by the pressurizer 30. Furthermore, the multiple segments of the expansion portion 212 can be independently embedded in the tibial medullary canal, further securing the tibial plateau to the tibia.

[0056] Although two groups of elongated holes 213 are shown in this embodiment, this is not limiting. In other embodiments, more than two groups of elongated holes 213 may be provided. The elongated holes 213 closest to the end of the expansion sleeve body 21 may extend through the end of the expansion sleeve body 21 to form the cantilever structure described above.

[0057] Example 3

[0058] Reference Figure 7 The main difference between this embodiment and Example 1 is that the expansion sleeve 20b in this embodiment is different from that in Example 1. The rest of this embodiment is the same as Example 1. The expansion sleeve 20b in this embodiment includes an expansion sleeve body 21b, which includes an expansion portion 212 and a cylindrical portion 211. In this embodiment, the expansion portion 212 is provided only at one end of the cylindrical portion 211.

[0059] When the threaded fitting structure between the connecting bolt 40 and the pressurizer 30 is locked, one of the first pressurizing part 31 and the second pressurizing part 122 is embedded in and squeezes the expansion part 212 of the expansion sleeve 20, and the other one is against the cylindrical part 211, thereby pressurizing the expansion sleeve 20b. The expansion part 212 is deformed and expanded under the squeezing, so that the expansion part 212 is firmly embedded in the tibial medullary cavity, thereby stably fixing the tibial plateau on the tibia.

[0060] In this embodiment, the expansion sleeve body 21b is further provided with a plurality of elongated holes 213b. These elongated holes 213b are arranged around the circumference of the expansion sleeve body 21b. Preferably, the elongated holes 213b are evenly distributed around the circumference of the expansion sleeve body 21b. Furthermore, the elongated holes 213b extend axially along the expansion sleeve body 21b, extending from the interior of the cylindrical portion 211 to the interior of the expansion portion 212. This embodiment provides a simpler structure for the expansion sleeve 20b and lowers manufacturing costs.

[0061] Example 4

[0062] Reference Figure 8 The main difference between this embodiment and embodiment 3 is that, in this embodiment, the arrangement of the elongated hole 213c of the expansion sleeve body 21c is different from that in embodiment 3; the rest of this embodiment is the same as embodiment 3.

[0063] In this embodiment, the elongated hole 213c extends from the cylindrical portion 211 toward the expansion portion 212 and extends out of the expansion portion 212 from its outer periphery, thereby dividing the expansion portion 212 into multiple small pieces. Each small piece forms a cantilever structure with the connection portion of the cylindrical portion 211. This further enhances the deformation capability of the expansion sleeve 20, making it more susceptible to deformation and expansion when pressurized by the pressurizer 30. Furthermore, the multiple small pieces of the expansion portion 212 can be independently embedded in the tibial medullary canal, further securing the tibial plateau to the tibia.

[0064] Example 5

[0065] Reference Figure 9 The main difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the expansion sleeve 20d in this embodiment is different from the expansion sleeve in embodiment 1, and the rest of this embodiment is the same as embodiment 1.

[0066] In this embodiment, the expansion sleeve 20d includes an expansion sleeve body 21d, which includes a cylindrical portion 211d and an expansion portion 212d. The expansion portion 212d is drum-shaped with a large middle portion and small ends. There are two cylindrical portions 211d, and the two cylindrical portions 211d are respectively connected to the two ends of the expansion portion 212d.

[0067] When the threaded fitting structure between the connecting bolt 40 and the pressurizer 30 is locked, the first pressurizing part 31 and the second pressurizing part 122 respectively abut against the two cylindrical parts 211d and apply pressure, thereby squeezing the expansion part 212d, causing the expansion part 212d to expand outward in a drum shape. The expansion part 212d is firmly embedded in the tibial medullary cavity, which can stably fix the tibial plateau on the tibia, thereby maintaining the initial stability of the biological tibial tray and solving the problem of prosthesis sinking after long-term use.

[0068] The expansion sleeve body 21d is also provided with a plurality of elongated holes 213d. The elongated holes 213d extend axially within the expansion sleeve body 21d. The plurality of elongated holes 213d are arranged circumferentially around the expansion sleeve body 21d. Preferably, the plurality of elongated holes 213d are evenly distributed circumferentially around the expansion sleeve body 21d. Furthermore, both ends of the elongated holes 213d extend into the interior of the cylindrical portion 211d, i.e., the elongated holes 213d extend from the interior of one cylindrical portion 211d across the expansion portion 212d to the interior of the other cylindrical portion 211d. The provision of the elongated holes 213d in the expansion sleeve body 21d can create a three-dimensional environment conducive to the inward growth of host bone tissue, thereby achieving biological fixation. Specifically, the elongated holes 213d can provide space for bone ingrowth, promote bone ingrowth and bone integration, and achieve a stronger and more durable biological fixation between the prosthesis and the human skeleton.

[0069] Although the present invention has been particularly shown and described in conjunction with preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims, and all such changes are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bio-type tibial tray capable of pressurizing and preventing subsidence, comprising a tibial tray body, the tibial tray body comprising a tibial plateau and a column, the column comprising a first end and a second end in opposite directions, the first end of the column being connected to the tibial plateau, characterized in that: It also includes an expansion sleeve and a pressurizer, wherein the pressurizer is connected to the second end of the column in a displaceable manner and can apply pressure toward the expansion sleeve, forcing the expansion sleeve to deform and expand to form a fixation with the tibia.

2. The biological tibial tray according to claim 1, characterized in that: The expansion sleeve includes an expansion sleeve body having a circumferentially surrounding hollow ring structure. The expansion sleeve body is provided with a circumferentially surrounding expansion portion. The expansion portion can be compressed to deform and expand in the radial direction so as to abut against the tibia in the circumferential direction to form a fixation.

3. The biological tibial tray according to claim 2, characterized in that: The expansion sleeve body is provided with at least one group of elongated holes, wherein each group of elongated holes comprises a plurality of elongated holes circumferentially arranged around the expansion sleeve body and extending axially along the expansion sleeve body.

4. The biological tibial tray according to claim 3, characterized in that: The expansion portion is provided at at least one end of the expansion sleeve body, and the expansion portion is hollow cone-shaped / trumpet-shaped; the pressurizer is provided with a first pressurizing portion, and the column is provided with a second pressurizing portion near the second end, and at least one of the first pressurizing portion and the second pressurizing portion can squeeze the expansion portion, causing the expansion portion to deform and expand; the elongated hole extends inside the expansion sleeve body.

5. The biological tibial tray according to claim 4, characterized in that: The expansion sleeve main body includes a cylindrical portion and two expansion portions respectively connected to the two ends of the cylindrical portion. The first pressurizing portion and the second pressurizing portion can squeeze the two expansion portions of the expansion sleeve so that the two expansion portions are deformed and expanded. The elongated hole extends from the inside of one of the expansion portions across the cylindrical portion to the inside of the other expansion portion.

6. The biological tibial tray according to claim 3, characterized in that: An expansion portion is provided at at least one end of the expansion sleeve body, and the expansion portion is hollow conical / trumpet-shaped; the pressurizer is provided with a first pressurizing portion, and the column is provided with a second pressurizing portion near the second end, and at least one of the first pressurizing portion and the second pressurizing portion can squeeze the expansion portion, causing the expansion portion to deform and expand; the elongated hole extends in the expansion sleeve body and passes through the expansion portion from the outer periphery of the expansion portion, thereby forming a cantilever structure on the expansion sleeve body.

7. The biological tibial tray according to claim 6, characterized in that: The expansion sleeve main body includes a cylindrical portion and two expansion portions respectively connected to the two ends of the cylindrical portion. The first pressurizing portion and the second pressurizing portion can pressurize the two expansion portions of the expansion sleeve, so that the two expansion portions are deformed and expanded. The expansion sleeve main body is provided with two groups of long holes, each of which extends from the cylindrical portion to the expansion portion and passes through the expansion portion from the outer periphery of the expansion portion, so that the expansion portion is divided into a plurality of small blocks, and the connection part between each small block and the cylindrical portion forms the cantilever structure.

8. The biological tibial tray according to claim 3, characterized in that: The expansion part is drum-shaped, larger in the middle and smaller at both ends; the expansion sleeve body also includes two cylindrical parts respectively connected to the two ends of the expansion part, the pressurizer is provided with a first pressurizing part, and the column is provided with a second pressurizing part near the second end. The first pressurizing part and the second pressurizing part can respectively abut against the two cylindrical parts and apply pressure, so that the expansion part is deformed and expanded; the elongated hole extends from the inside of one of the cylindrical parts across the expansion part to the inside of the other cylindrical part.

9. The biological tibial tray according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressurizer is provided with a first pressurizing part, and the column is provided with a second pressurizing part near the second end. The expansion sleeve is positioned so as to be located between the first pressurizing part and the second pressurizing part. Through the displacement movement of the pressurizer toward the column, the first pressurizing part and the second pressurizing part can respectively pressurize the two ends of the expansion sleeve to cause the expansion sleeve to deform and expand.

10. The biological tibial tray according to claim 9, characterized in that: The first pressing portion and the second pressing portion are spherical.

11. The biological tibial tray according to claim 10, characterized in that: A first positioning portion is provided on a side of the first pressurizing portion facing the second pressurizing portion, and a second positioning portion is provided on a side of the second pressurizing portion facing the first pressurizing portion.

12. The biological tibial tray according to claim 10, characterized in that: A tapered portion is further provided on the side of the second pressurizing portion facing the tibial plateau.

13. The biological tibial tray according to claim 1, characterized in that: A bolt hole is provided in the tibial support body, and the bolt hole extends from the tibial platform and passes through the column; a connecting bolt is passed through the bolt hole, and the end of the connecting bolt passes through the second end of the column and is threadedly connected to the pressurizer, thereby realizing that the pressurizer is connected to the second end of the column in a displaceable manner.

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