Sheet metal part bending equipment and working method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses sheet metal part bending equipment and a working method thereof.The sheet metal part bending equipment comprises a workbench and a bending mechanism, the bending mechanism comprises a plurality of replaceable modular bending blocks, and the modular bending blocks are detachably connected with the workbench through dovetail groove structures and pressing units; pressing units are arranged at the two ends of the bending block, each pressing unit comprises a pressing cylinder and a pressing block, and the output end of each pressing cylinder presses the modular bending block through the corresponding pressing block; the bending mechanism further comprises a fixing frame, a downward pressing cylinder arranged on the fixing frame and a downward pressing block assembled at the output end of the downward pressing cylinder. The bottom of the downward pressing block is provided with a bending protrusion matched with the bending groove in the top of the modular bending block. The multi-angle bending device has the beneficial effects that the bending block can be rapidly replaced within 10 seconds through the dovetail groove structure, and the multi-angle bending requirement is met; pressure self-adaption: a pressure valve ensures the bending precision of sheet metal parts with different thicknesses; automatic control is achieved, height adjustment and pressure feedback are integrated through a PLC system, and manual intervention is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of sheet metal processing, and in particular to a sheet metal bending device and a working method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the field of sheet metal processing, bending equipment is the key equipment for achieving sheet metal forming. Traditional sheet metal bending equipment generally has the following technical defects:

[0003] Existing equipment often uses springs for mechanical compression. After long-term use, the springs are prone to fatigue failure, causing the sheet metal parts to shift during the bending process, affecting the bending accuracy (measured error of more than ±0.5mm). Especially for thin sheets with a thickness of ≤1mm, fluctuations in the clamping force may cause the workpiece to deform or even be scrapped.

[0004] Traditional bending blocks are fixed to the lower press frame and only support a single bending angle (such as 90°). Processing U-shaped, V-shaped, or multi-angle sheet metal parts (such as electrical housings and brackets) requires stopping the machine to replace the mold, which takes more than 10 minutes and severely limits production efficiency.

[0005] The workbench height is adjusted by manually screwing the limit screw ring. The adjustment process requires repeated trial and error, the accuracy is difficult to control (error ±5mm), and it cannot adapt to the ergonomic needs of operators of different heights.

[0006] Although existing equipment supports the placement of multiple workpieces, it is difficult to ensure the consistency of batch bending due to uneven clamping force and insufficient positioning accuracy, and the defective rate is as high as 8%-12%.

[0007] The spring clamping mechanism has the problem of "position offset when bending sheet metal parts"; industry practice shows that manual replacement of bending molds leads to a 40% decrease in equipment utilization; the international standard ISO 12100 emphasizes that insufficient ergonomic adaptation may cause operator fatigue and safety hazards.

[0008] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a sheet metal bending device and a working method thereof. After searching, no technical solution identical to the present invention was found. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The main technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide a sheet metal bending device and a working method thereof, so as to solve one or more of the above-mentioned existing technical problems.

[0010] In order to solve the above technical problems, a technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a sheet metal bending equipment, including a workbench and a bending mechanism, the innovation of which is: including

[0011] The bending mechanism includes a plurality of replaceable modular bending blocks, and the modular bending blocks are detachably connected to the workbench through a dovetail groove structure and a pressing unit;

[0012] A pressing unit is provided at both ends of the bending block, and the pressing unit includes a pressing cylinder and a pressing block. The output end of the pressing cylinder presses the modular bending block through the pressing block;

[0013] The bending mechanism also includes a fixing frame, a pressing cylinder arranged on the fixing frame, and a pressing block assembled at the output end of the pressing cylinder. The bottom of the pressing block is provided with a bending protrusion that matches the bending groove on the top of the modular bending block.

[0014] In some embodiments, the modular bending block is a block with a V-shaped, U-shaped or multi-angle bending groove on the top, and each of them is quickly replaced by a clamping unit;

[0015] The side of the modular bending block is provided with two groups of positioning bosses, which cooperate with the positioning blind holes on the surface of the workbench to form a secondary positioning pair in the horizontal direction.

[0016] In some embodiments, the lower pressure cylinder is further equipped with a built-in pressure valve for adjusting the output pressure of the hydraulic cylinder in real time to accommodate sheet metal parts of different thicknesses.

[0017] In some embodiments, the clamping cylinder of the clamping unit is a double-acting hydraulic cylinder, and the front end of its piston rod is provided with a pre-tightening section and a locking section; the working pressure of the pre-tightening section is 5MPa, the working pressure of the locking section is 15MPa, and the final locking force is ≥10kN; the back of the clamping block is keyed to the end of the piston rod, and the working surface of the clamping block in contact with the bending block is a serrated texture.

[0018] In some embodiments, the sheet metal bending equipment further includes a control panel, which integrates a height adjustment button and a digital display screen, and supports one-touch adjustment of the height of the workbench to a preset value.

[0019] A working method of a sheet metal bending device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the following steps:

[0020] Step 1: Select the appropriate modular bending block and pressing block

[0021] Assemble the modular bending block on the workbench and assemble the pressing block on the output end of the pressing cylinder;

[0022] Step 2: Clamp the modular bending blocks

[0023] Start the pressing unit to press the two ends of the modular bending block;

[0024] Step 3: Bending

[0025] Drive the down-pressing cylinder downward, and the down-pressing block moves downward through the down-pressing cylinder to squeeze the top of the sheet metal part;

[0026] The lower pressing block continues to move downward, and the bending protrusion presses the sheet metal into the bending groove to complete the bending;

[0027] Step 4: Highly automated adjustment

[0028] Enter the target height value through the control panel, and after the bending is completed, the lower pressure cylinder resets and the position sensor calibrates the height in real time;

[0029] Step 5: Module replacement

[0030] Remove the current bending block and replace it with a modular bending block that adapts to the target bending angle.

[0031] In some embodiments, in step three, the pressure valve automatically adjusts the output pressure of the pressing cylinder according to the thickness of the sheet metal part.

[0032] In some embodiments, in step 1, after the modular bending block is assembled to the workbench, the horizontal alignment of the bending block and the pressing block needs to be verified by a visual sensor or a mechanical positioning pin, and the alignment error does not exceed 0.2 mm.

[0033] In some embodiments, in step 2, after the clamping unit is started, the output pressure of the clamping cylinder is monitored in real time by a pressure sensor to ensure that the locking force of the modular bending block is not less than 10 kN. If the pressure is insufficient, an alarm is triggered.

[0034] In some embodiments, in step three, when the sheet metal part is placed on the workbench, its edge needs to be aligned with the positioning scale line or positioning pin hole on the workbench surface to ensure that the bending line of the sheet metal part coincides with the central axis of the bending groove.

[0035] In some embodiments, in step five, before disassembling the current bending block, it is necessary to first clean the metal debris or oil stains in the dovetail groove of the workbench; after replacing the new modular bending block, perform the clamping operation of step two again and verify the locking force.

[0036] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: modular design: the dovetail groove structure enables rapid replacement of the bending block within 10 seconds to adapt to multi-angle bending requirements; pressure adaptation: the pressure valve ensures the bending accuracy of sheet metal parts of different thicknesses (error <0.1mm); automatic control: height adjustment and pressure feedback are integrated through the PLC system to reduce manual intervention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can also derive other drawings based on these drawings without inventive work, among which:

[0038] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a sheet metal bending device of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 2 It is a front view of a sheet metal bending device of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 3 It is a side view of a sheet metal bending device of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of a sheet metal bending device of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a workbench of a sheet metal bending device of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of a modular bending block of a sheet metal bending device of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of a pressing unit of a sheet metal bending device of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 8 It is a flow chart of a working method of a sheet metal bending device of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The following is a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the embodiment of the present invention includes: a sheet metal bending device including the following core design:

[0048] Workbench 100 and bending mechanism: The workbench 100 is a horizontal surface with a dovetail groove guide rail on the surface.

[0049] Modular bending block 201: Made of high-strength alloy steel, with a V-shaped, U-shaped or multi-angle bending groove 502 on the top.

[0050] The bottom is designed as a dovetail structure, which matches the dovetail groove guide rail of the workbench 100 to achieve detachable installation.

[0051] The pressing unit 300 is located at both ends of the bending block and includes a pressing cylinder 301 and a pressing block 302 .

[0052] The pressing cylinder 301 is a hydraulic cylinder, and the output end thereof is pressed against the side surface of the bending block through the pressing block 302 to prevent displacement.

[0053] Fixed frame 401 and pressing mechanism: The fixed frame 401 is fixed vertically to the rear of the workbench 100 .

[0054] The downward pressure cylinder 402 is installed on the top of the fixed frame 401 and has a built-in pressure valve that can adjust the output pressure in real time (range: 5–50 MPa).

[0055] The pressing block 403 is assembled at the output end of the pressing cylinder 402 , and a bending protrusion 501 is provided at the bottom thereof, the shape of which completely matches the bending groove 502 .

[0056] Control panel: Integrated height adjustment buttons and digital display.

[0057] Support input of target height value (accuracy: ±1mm), and drive the workbench 100 up and down through the servo motor.

[0058] The display screen provides real-time feedback on the pressure of the pressing cylinder 402, the height of the workbench 100 and the bending progress.

[0059] like Figure 6 As shown, the dovetail tenon at the bottom of the modular bending block 201 is designed with a standard angle of 75°, forming an interference fit with the dovetail groove of the workbench 100 (fit tolerance H7 / h6), and 0.5mm×45° guide chamfers are provided on both sides of the tenon, and a 1mm grease accommodating gap is reserved at the bottom of the groove.

[0060] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, two sets of positioning bosses 206 (diameter φ8mm, height 2mm) are provided on the side of the modular bending block 201, which cooperate with the positioning blind holes 205 (diameter φ8mm+0.01mm, depth 2mm) on the surface of the workbench 100 to form a secondary positioning pair in the horizontal direction.

[0061] The main body of the modular bending block 201 is made of 42CrMo alloy steel and is integrally quenched (hardness HRC52-55). The surface of the bending groove 502 is treated with TD to form a 5-8μm VC coating (hardness HV2800-3200). The bottom of the groove is provided with two guide grooves with a depth of 0.3mm and a width of 1mm (distributed along the length of the bending groove).

[0062] An RFID chip (compliant with ISO 15693 protocol) is embedded in the side of the modular bending block 201, and the stored information includes the bending groove type, applicable sheet metal thickness range, recommended pressing pressure threshold and number of times used. The workbench 100 is provided with a reader / writer matching the RFID chip.

[0063] like Figure 7As shown, the clamping cylinder 301 of the clamping unit 300 is a double-acting hydraulic cylinder, and the front end of the piston rod 303 is provided with a pre-tightening section (diameter φ20mm, length 15mm) and a locking section (diameter φ25mm, length 20mm); the working pressure of the pre-tightening section is 5MPa, the working pressure of the locking section is 15MPa, and the final locking force is ≥10kN.

[0064] The working surface of the clamping block 302 in contact with the bending block has a serrated pattern (tooth height 0.3mm, tooth pitch 2mm), and the surface is nitrided (hardness HV800-1000). The direction of the serrations is perpendicular to the length direction of the bending block. The back of the clamping block 302 is provided with an assembly groove 304 that is keyed to the end of the piston rod 303.

[0065] An annular rubber buffer pad (Shore hardness 60A, thickness 3mm) is embedded in the pressing block 302 and located between the pressing block 302 and the end face of the piston rod 303 to evenly distribute the pressing force (pressure difference between the two ends ≤ 0.5kN).

[0066] The clamping unit 300 is equipped with a displacement sensor (accuracy ±0.01mm) and a pressure sensor (accuracy ±0.1MPa). The displacement sensor monitors the displacement of the clamping block (normal range 18-22mm), and the pressure sensor monitors the locking force (≥10kN). When both are abnormal, the sound and light alarms are triggered synchronously and the equipment is locked.

[0067] like Figure 8 As shown, a working method of a sheet metal bending device is implemented as follows:

[0068] Operation process

[0069] Step 1: Module assembly: Select the appropriate modular bending block 201 and lower pressure block 403 according to the target bending angle (such as 90°, 135°); slide the dovetail tenon of the bending block into the dovetail groove of the workbench 100 and pre-position it manually; after completing the preliminary assembly, verify the horizontal alignment of the bending block and the lower pressure block 403 through a visual sensor or mechanical positioning pin to ensure that the alignment error does not exceed 0.2mm.

[0070] Step 2: Tighten and fix: Start the clamping unit 300, and the clamping cylinder 301 drives the clamping block 302 to apply pressure to both ends of the bending block. The output pressure of the clamping cylinder 301 is monitored in real time by the pressure sensor to ensure that the locking force of the modular bending block 201 is not less than 10kN; if the pressure is insufficient, the control panel will trigger an audible and visual alarm to prompt the operator to check the status of the clamping unit.

[0071] Step 3: Bending execution: When placing the sheet metal, its edge needs to be aligned with the positioning scale line or positioning pin hole on the surface of the workbench 100 to ensure that the bending line of the sheet metal coincides with the central axis of the bending groove 502. After positioning is completed, the lower pressure cylinder 402 is driven downward: the lower pressure block 403 contacts the top of the sheet metal, and the pressure valve automatically adjusts the pressure according to the thickness of the sheet metal (0.5-6mm). The bending protrusion 501 presses the sheet metal into the bending groove 502 to complete the plastic deformation.

[0072] Step 4: Height adjustment and reset: After bending is completed, enter the new height value through the control panel (such as adjusting to the next process position).

[0073] The workbench 100 is automatically raised and lowered to the target height (error ±1 mm), and the pressing cylinder 402 is reset to the initial position.

[0074] Step 5: Module replacement: Before disassembling the current bending block, clean the metal debris or oil stains in the dovetail groove of the workbench 100 to avoid affecting the subsequent assembly accuracy; after disassembly, replace the modular bending block 201 that adapts to the target bending angle, re-execute the clamping operation in step 2 and verify whether the locking force meets the standard.

[0075] The advantages of this technical solution are: modular design: the dovetail groove structure enables the bending block to be quickly replaced within 10 seconds, adapting to the needs of multi-angle bending; pressure adaptation: the pressure valve ensures the bending accuracy of sheet metal parts of different thicknesses (error <0.1mm); automated control: height adjustment and pressure feedback are integrated through the PLC system to reduce manual intervention.

[0076] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present invention specification, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sheet metal bending device, comprising a workbench (100) and a bending mechanism, characterized in that: include The bending mechanism comprises a plurality of replaceable modular bending blocks (201), wherein the modular bending blocks (201) are detachably connected to the workbench (100) via a dovetail groove structure and a pressing unit (300); A pressing unit (300) is provided at both ends of the bending block, and the pressing unit (300) comprises a pressing cylinder (301) and a pressing block (302), and the output end of the pressing cylinder (301) presses the modular bending block (201) via the pressing block (302); The bending mechanism further comprises a fixing frame (401), a pressing cylinder (402) arranged on the fixing frame (401), and a pressing block (403) assembled at the output end of the pressing cylinder (402), wherein the bottom of the pressing block (403) is provided with a bending protrusion (501) that matches the bending groove (502) at the top of the modular bending block (201).

2. The sheet metal bending equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The modular bending blocks (201) are block-shaped bodies with V-shaped, U-shaped or multi-angle bending grooves (502) on the top, and are all quickly replaced by a pressing unit (300); The side of the modular bending block (201) is provided with two groups of positioning bosses (206), which cooperate with the positioning blind holes (205) on the surface of the workbench (100) to form a secondary positioning pair in the horizontal direction.

3. The sheet metal bending equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower pressure cylinder (402) is also equipped with a built-in pressure valve for adjusting the output pressure of the hydraulic cylinder in real time to adapt to sheet metal parts of different thicknesses.

4. The sheet metal bending equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping cylinder (301) of the clamping unit (300) is a double-acting hydraulic cylinder, and the front end of its piston rod (303) is provided with a pre-tightening section and a locking section; the working pressure of the pre-tightening section is 5MPa, the working pressure of the locking section is 15MPa, and the final locking force is ≥10kN; the back of the clamping block (302) is keyed to the end of the piston rod (303), and the working surface of the clamping block (302) in contact with the bending block has a serrated pattern.

5. The sheet metal bending equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sheet metal bending equipment further comprises a control panel, wherein the control panel integrates a height adjustment button and a digital display screen, and supports one-button adjustment of the height of the workbench (100) to a preset value.

6. A working method of a sheet metal bending device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: Select the appropriate modular bending block (201) and pressing block (403) Assembling the modular bending block (201) on the workbench (100), and assembling the lower pressing block (403) on the output end of the lower pressing cylinder (402); Step 2: Clamp the modular bending block (201) The pressing unit (300) is activated to press the two ends of the modular bending block (201); after the pressing unit (300) is activated, the output pressure of the pressing cylinder (301) is monitored in real time by a pressure sensor to ensure that the locking force of the modular bending block (201) is not less than 10 kN, and an alarm is triggered if the pressure is insufficient; Step 3: Bending The pressing cylinder (402) is driven downward, and the pressing block (403) is driven downward through the pressing cylinder (402) to squeeze the top of the sheet metal part; The lower pressing block (403) continues to move downward, and the bending protrusion (501) presses the sheet metal part into the bending groove (502) to complete the bending; Step 4: Highly automated adjustment The target height value is input through the control panel, and after the bending is completed, the pressing cylinder (402) is reset, and the position sensor calibrates the height in real time; Step 5: Module replacement The current bending block is disassembled and replaced with a modular bending block (201) adapted to the target bending angle.

7. The working method of the sheet metal bending equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step three, the pressure valve automatically adjusts the output pressure of the pressing cylinder (402) according to the thickness of the sheet metal part.

8. The operating method of the sheet metal bending equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 1, after the modular bending block (201) is assembled to the workbench (100), the horizontal alignment of the bending block and the lower pressing block (403) needs to be verified by a visual sensor or a mechanical positioning pin, and the alignment error does not exceed 0.2 mm.

9. The working method of the sheet metal bending equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step three, when the sheet metal part is placed on the workbench (100), its edge needs to be aligned with the positioning scale line or positioning pin hole on the workbench surface to ensure that the bending line of the sheet metal part coincides with the central axis of the bending groove (502).

10. The operating method of the sheet metal bending equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step five, before disassembling the current bending block, the metal debris or oil stains in the dovetail groove of the workbench (100) must be cleaned first; after replacing the new modular bending block (201), the clamping operation of step two is performed again and the locking force is verified.

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