Internet of Things environment detection module

Abstract

The invention discloses an Internet of Things environment detection module, and relates to the field of environment detection, the Internet of Things environment detection module comprises a lower shell and an upper shell, the lower shell and the upper shell are connected through a round head screw, the top end of the lower shell is provided with a mainboard box, the mainboard box is internally provided with a component group, the rear side of the interior of the mainboard box is provided with a cavity, and the cavity is internally provided with a cavity. A cover plate is arranged at the top of the cavity, an air inlet is formed in the left side of the front end of the cover plate, an air pumping assembly is arranged on the rear side of the cavity, a plurality of reinforcing ribs are evenly distributed on the periphery of the bottom of the cover plate, and a plurality of guide plates are arranged on the inner side of the bottom of the cavity. The problems that only limited environment parameters can be monitored, the real-time state of an underground complex environment cannot be comprehensively mastered, the well lid abnormal state recognition function is not achieved, the conditions of well lid displacement, inclination, missing and the like are difficult to find in time, data transmission depends on wired communication, wiring is complex, cost is high, damage is prone to occurring, and stability is poor are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of environmental detection, and in particular to an Internet of Things environmental detection module. Background Art

[0002] In modern industrial production, urban infrastructure operation and maintenance, and environmental safety, real-time and accurate monitoring of environmental conditions and the timely identification of abnormal situations are crucial. Taking typical scenarios such as urban underground pipe networks and mining operations as examples, the environment underground and in underground spaces is complex and changeable, with many potential safety hazards, such as harmful gas leaks and abnormal structural deformation. These factors not only threaten the safety of people's lives, but may also cause major property losses and environmental pollution accidents. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to develop an environmental detection module that can comprehensively and accurately monitor the environmental conditions of underground and underground spaces and has the ability to identify abnormal conditions.

[0003] However, existing environmental monitoring modules on the market currently lack functionality and adaptability to specific application scenarios. For one thing, most environmental monitoring modules are relatively simple in design, employing a single detection method. They are often only capable of monitoring a limited range of environmental parameters, such as conventional indicators like temperature and humidity. They lack comprehensive detection capabilities for key parameters such as the concentration of various hazardous gases (such as carbon monoxide, methane, and hydrogen sulfide), oxygen content, pressure changes, and micro-displacements that may be present in complex underground environments. These limitations make it impossible to fully and accurately grasp the real-time status of the underground environment, making it difficult to meet safety monitoring needs in complex environments.

[0004] On the other hand, existing environmental monitoring modules generally lack the ability to identify abnormal conditions in key facilities such as manhole covers. Manhole covers are a crucial component of urban underground pipe networks. Abnormal conditions (such as displacement, tilt, or missing) not only affect the normal operation of the underground pipe network but can also pose a direct threat to pedestrian and vehicle safety. However, due to a lack of appropriate sensor technology and intelligent recognition algorithms, existing environmental monitoring modules are unable to effectively monitor and provide early warning of abnormal manhole cover conditions. This makes it difficult for relevant management departments to promptly detect and address manhole cover anomalies, increasing safety risks.

[0005] Furthermore, existing environmental monitoring modules also have limitations in data transmission and system integration. While some modules have data transmission capabilities, they often rely on specific wired communication methods, which are complex and costly. Furthermore, in complex environments like underground mines, wired communication lines are susceptible to damage, affecting the stability and reliability of data transmission. Furthermore, the lack of standardized interfaces and communication protocols makes it difficult for existing environmental monitoring modules to seamlessly integrate with other security monitoring systems, preventing data sharing and collaborative processing. This limits their application scope and effectiveness in large-scale security monitoring systems.

[0006] In summary, existing environmental monitoring modules have many deficiencies in terms of detection methods, abnormal state recognition capabilities, and system integration, and are unable to meet the safety monitoring needs of complex underground and subterranean environments. Therefore, developing an environmental monitoring module with multiple detection methods, capable of comprehensive monitoring of complex underground environments, and the ability to identify abnormal manhole cover conditions has important technical value and application prospects. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of the above situation, in order to overcome the defects of the existing technology, the present invention provides an Internet of Things environment detection module, which effectively solves the problems that the existing environment detection module has a single detection means, can only monitor limited environmental parameters, and cannot fully grasp the real-time status of the complex underground environment; it does not have the function of identifying abnormal status of manhole covers, and it is difficult to timely detect conditions such as manhole cover displacement, tilt, and missing; data transmission relies on wired communication, the wiring is complex, the cost is high, it is easy to damage, and the stability is poor.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: The system comprises a lower shell and an upper shell, the lower shell and the upper shell being connected by round head screws, a mainboard box being provided at the top of the lower shell, a component group being provided inside the mainboard box, a cavity being provided at the rear side of the interior of the mainboard box, a cover being provided at the top of the cavity, an air inlet being provided at the left front end of the cover, and an air pump assembly being provided at the rear side of the cavity; A plurality of reinforcing ribs are evenly arranged around the bottom of the cover plate, and a plurality of guide plates are provided on the inner side of the bottom of the cavity.

[0009] Preferably, the top of the air inlet passes through the cover plate and the upper shell, and a waterproof filter membrane is provided on the top of the air inlet, and the waterproof filter membrane is connected to the upper shell.

[0010] Preferably, the air pump assembly includes an air pump, the front end of the air pump is connected to the mainboard box, a first connecting pipe is provided at the left top of the air pump, and the right top of the first connecting pipe is connected to the cavity.

[0011] Preferably, a second connecting pipe is provided at the bottom left side of the air pump, an exhaust pipe is provided at the top of the second connecting pipe, and the top of the exhaust pipe passes through the upper shell.

[0012] Preferably, a label paper is provided on the top of the upper shell.

[0013] Preferably, the component group includes a carbon monoxide detection sensor, a methane detection sensor, a hydrogen sulfide detection sensor, an oxygen detection sensor, and a humidity detection sensor.

[0014] Preferably, the component group further includes a three-axis acceleration sensor, which confirms the tilt angle of the manhole cover through the values ​​of X, Y, and Z. When the tilt angle reaches 30 degrees, an interrupt is triggered and an alarm message of illegal opening is issued.

[0015] Preferably, the model of the three-axis acceleration sensor is QMA7981.

[0016] Preferably, the component group adopts NB-IoT wireless communication technology and ultra-low power consumption power management technology to achieve remote transmission of data.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention uses NB-IoT wireless communication technology to give the detection module advantages such as wide coverage, low power consumption, large connections, and low cost. It can overcome the difficulties of underground signal transmission and ensure stable and reliable data transmission to the remote background intelligent management platform. It optimizes the power consumption of each component, adopts intermittent working mode and intelligent power monitoring and distribution functions, extends battery life, reduces maintenance costs, and integrates pumping components, various sensors, communication modules, power management modules, etc. into a compact device with a compact structure and easy installation. It improves overall reliability and stability, adapts to the harsh environment of underground mines, and is suitable for manhole cover facilities in the fields of electricity, gas, water, communications, etc.

[0018] 2. Through sensor technology, information such as the manhole cover status, underground environment status, and manhole cover opening is incorporated into a unified maintenance management system. The status and alarm content are displayed in the form of an intuitive map on the background intelligent management platform. Maintenance personnel can grasp the situation in real time and quickly arrive at the scene to handle it, thereby improving maintenance efficiency and ensuring public safety and the normal operation of underground equipment.

[0019] 3. Covering the entire process from data collection, transmission to analysis and processing, it collects data in real time and transmits it quickly and stably to the backend intelligent management platform. It has data analysis capabilities, can predict faults, arrange maintenance in advance, improve the efficiency and level of urban infrastructure maintenance and management, reduce maintenance costs, and ensure the sustainable development of the city.

[0020] 4. Easy installation and high sealing and structural strength. The air inlet layout ensures stable and accurate collection of gas samples in complex underground environments, reduces gas entry obstacles and losses, and ensures that the samples are close to the actual environmental conditions. The pump gas assembly actively draws underground gas into the cavity, allowing the gas to quickly and fully contact the components; the guide plate guides the orderly flow of gas, improving gas detection efficiency, and works together with the reinforcement ribs to improve the sensitivity of the device, allowing timely and accurate monitoring of gas anomalies. By controlling the height of the reinforcement ribs, the distance between the cover plate and the bottom of the cavity is indirectly controlled, and the effective volume of the cavity is changed to meet diverse monitoring needs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the bottom of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure decomposition of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the matching structure of the cover plate and the mainboard box of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the cavity of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pump air component of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 7 This is a top view of the motherboard box and cavity of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the cover plate and guide plate structure of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 9 This is a structural diagram of the component assembly of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 10 This is the illegal opening alarm flow chart of the present invention.

[0031] Numbers in the figure: 101, label paper; 102, upper shell; 103, lower shell; 104, waterproof filter membrane; 105, cover plate; 106, main board box; 107, component group; 201, air inlet; 202, cavity; 203, reinforcing rib; 204, first connecting pipe; 205, air pump; 206, second connecting pipe; 207, exhaust pipe; 208, guide plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following is combined with Figures 1-10 The specific embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail.

[0033] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments; based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] Depend on Figures 1-10 The present invention proposes an Internet of Things environment detection module: The present invention includes a lower shell 103 and an upper shell 102, which are connected by round head screws. This connection method is not only convenient for installation, but also can effectively ensure the sealing and structural strength of the entire device, so that it can adapt to the complex and potentially harsh environmental conditions underground. A mainboard box 106 is provided at the top of the lower shell 103. The mainboard box 106 serves as the core bearing component of the entire device. A component group 107 is provided inside the mainboard box 106. The component group 107 includes various high-precision sensors, microprocessors and signal processing circuits, etc. A cavity 202 is provided on the rear side of the mainboard box 106. The cavity 202 is for gas sampling and analysis. The chamber 202 provides an independent and stable space. A cover plate 105 is located at the top, and an air inlet 201 is located on the left side of the front end of the cover plate 105. This ensures that gas from the underground environment can smoothly enter the chamber 202 for subsequent monitoring and analysis. A pump assembly is located at the rear of the chamber 202, actively drawing underground gas from the air inlet 201 into the chamber 202, allowing the gas to quickly and fully come into contact with the component assembly 107 within the mainboard box 106, thereby accurately monitoring key parameters such as gas composition and concentration. The device is primarily fixedly installed inside the manhole cover. This installation method is both concealed and safe, without affecting the normal operation of the manhole cover or the surrounding environment. In the underground environment, it can operate continuously and stably, using the component assembly 107 to monitor the inhaled gas in real time and provide timely and accurate feedback of the monitoring data. This method allows personnel to promptly understand the underground gas conditions and proactively detect potential safety hazards, such as hazardous gas leaks, so that appropriate measures can be taken to address them, effectively ensuring the safety of underground workers and the normal operation of equipment.

[0035] A plurality of reinforcing ribs 203 are evenly arranged around the bottom of the cover plate 105. These reinforcing ribs 203 and the cover plate 105 are manufactured using an integrated molding process. This not only enhances the overall structural strength of the cover plate 105, allowing it to remain stable and not easily deformed or damaged in the complex underground environment where there may be certain external forces and impacts, but also ensures the sealing of the device and the safety of internal components. The design of the reinforcing ribs 203 also brings many functional advantages. First, by precisely controlling the height of the reinforcing ribs 203, the distance between the cover plate 105 and the bottom of the cavity 202 can be indirectly controlled, thereby changing the effective volume of the cavity 202. When it is necessary to adjust the relevant parameters of the intake gas, for example, in a specific monitoring scenario, it is desired to change the residence time of the gas in the cavity 202 or the uniformity of the gas concentration distribution, it is only necessary to adjust the height of the reinforcing ribs 203 to achieve effective control of the intake gas and meet diverse monitoring needs. Secondly, in the glue filling and sealing process of the device, the presence of the reinforcing ribs 203 makes the glue filling operation more thorough, forming a more tight sealing structure, effectively preventing external impurities, moisture, etc. from entering the cavity 202 and interfering with the accuracy of gas monitoring. At the same time, it can also avoid internal gas leakage and ensure the reliability of monitoring data. A plurality of guide plates 208 are provided on the inner side of the bottom of the cavity 202. When the gas enters the cavity 202 from the air inlet 201, the guide plates 208 will guide the gas to flow in a predetermined direction, so that the gas forms an orderly flow state in the cavity 202 (the flow direction is as follows). Figure 8 This orderly flow facilitates full contact between the gas and components such as sensors within cavity 202, improving gas detection efficiency. The guide plates 208 and reinforcing ribs 203 work together to further compress the effective space within cavity 202. Within this limited space, the measured gas can more quickly fill cavity 202, enabling the sensor to more quickly detect gas changes. This significantly improves the device's sensitivity, ensuring timely and accurate detection of gas anomalies in the downhole environment and providing a strong guarantee for downhole operation safety.

[0036] The top of the air inlet 201 passes through the cover plate 105 and the upper shell 102. A waterproof filter membrane 104 is provided on the top of the air inlet 201. The waterproof filter membrane 104 is interconnected with the upper shell 102. The layout of the air inlet 201 ensures that gas samples can be collected stably and accurately in the complex environment of the well. It allows the gas in the well environment to directly and smoothly enter the cavity 202, reducing the obstruction and loss of the gas during the entry process, ensuring that the collected gas sample is closer to the actual environment conditions of the well, and providing a reliable foundation for subsequent accurate monitoring. The waterproof filter membrane 104 has excellent dual functions of waterproofing and filtering. In terms of waterproof performance, the well environment is often humid and may even have water accumulation. The waterproof filter membrane 104 can effectively block the intrusion of external moisture. Its special material and structure form a dense waterproof barrier. Even if water droplets or water vapor come into contact with the air inlet 201, they cannot penetrate the waterproof filter membrane 104 and enter the cavity 202, thereby avoiding moisture damage to the components in the cavity 202 and extending the service life of the device. At the same time, it also prevents moisture from interfering with the gas monitoring results, ensuring the accuracy of the monitoring data.

[0037] The air pump assembly includes an air pump 205, the front end of which is connected to the main board box 106, ensuring the stability of the operation of the air pump 205 and facilitating the precise regulation of the air pump 205 by the control circuit in the main board box 106. A first connecting pipe 204 is provided at the top left side of the air pump 205, and the top right side of the first connecting pipe 204 is connected to the cavity 202. A second connecting pipe 206 is provided at the bottom left side of the air pump 205, and an exhaust pipe 207 is provided at the top of the second connecting pipe 206. The top of the exhaust pipe 207 passes through the upper shell 102. When the air pump 205 is started, the cavity 202 is changed to a negative pressure state through the first connecting pipe 204, and the external gas enters the cavity 202 through the air inlet 201. The gas that is inhaled into the cavity 202 and tested can be discharged out of the device smoothly through the first connecting pipe 204, the air pump 205, the second connecting pipe 206 and the exhaust pipe 207, forming a complete gas circulation path.

[0038] After the machine is turned on, it undergoes a three-minute warm-up phase. This crucial stage allows key components, such as the air pump 205 and sensors, to reach their optimal operating temperature, ensuring stable performance and reliable operation while avoiding measurement errors caused by temperature variations. After the warm-up period, the air pump 205 begins pumping continuously for two minutes. During these two minutes, a large amount of downhole gas is rapidly drawn into the cavity 202, providing ample gas samples for subsequent testing.

[0039] After the pump suction process is completed, it enters a short detection phase, and the entire detection process only takes a few seconds. During these few seconds, the component group 107 in the mainboard box 106 quickly and accurately detects and analyzes key parameters such as the gas composition and concentration in the cavity 202, and promptly feeds back the detection data. After completing the detection, the equipment enters a 48-hour interval period. During this period, the gas in the detection space is relatively stagnant. On the one hand, this design can reduce the interference of external environmental changes on the gas sample in the cavity 202, ensuring the relative stability of the gas state in the cavity 202 during the next detection, making the detection results more comparable; on the other hand, it can also effectively reduce the energy consumption of the equipment, extend the service life of the equipment, and reduce the continuous disturbance to the underground environment. After 48 hours, the equipment repeats the above-mentioned preheating, pump suction, and detection operation process again to achieve continuous and regular monitoring of the underground gas conditions, providing reliable data support for underground operation safety.

[0040] A label paper 101 is provided on the top of the upper shell 102, and the label paper 101 is made of a special wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant material. The underground environment is complex and changeable, and there may be various chemicals, dust, and frequent friction. Ordinary label paper 101 is very easy to wear, fade, or even corrode in such an environment, resulting in unclear or lost recorded information, which brings great difficulties to the maintenance, management, and subsequent data tracing of the equipment. The wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant label paper 101 used in this device is made of a specially treated material with excellent wear resistance. Even during daily equipment transportation, installation, and contact with surrounding objects, the surface of the label paper 101 is not prone to scratches or wear, ensuring the integrity and readability of the information. At the same time, it can also effectively resist the erosion of chemical substances that may exist underground, such as acidic gases, corrosive liquids, etc., keeping the color and handwriting of the label paper 101 clear for a long time, greatly extending the service life of the label paper 101.

[0041] The component group 107 includes a carbon monoxide detection sensor, a methane detection sensor, a hydrogen sulfide detection sensor, an oxygen detection sensor, and a humidity detection sensor.

[0042] The carbon monoxide sensor in component group 107 is a key component for monitoring carbon monoxide (CO) concentrations. This sensor has a specific range and resolution, set at 0-500 ppm. This range meets the needs of CO concentration monitoring in both industrial and urban environments. In industrial production, some equipment involving combustion processes, such as boilers and kilns, can leak CO if combustion is incomplete. In urban environments, automobile exhaust emissions are also a significant source of CO. The sensor's resolution is 1 ppm, meaning it can accurately detect changes in CO concentration by 1 ppm. This provides accurate data support for air quality monitoring, helping to promptly identify potential risks of CO exceeding the standard, thereby ensuring personnel safety and environmental quality.

[0043] The methane sensor in component group 107 monitors methane (CH4) concentrations. Its wide measurement range of 0-50,000 ppm allows it to adapt to various methane concentration scenarios, making it particularly suitable for environments such as gas pipelines and coal mines. Methane is a major gas component in gas pipelines, and changes in its concentration can indicate leaks. In coal mining, methane is a common and hazardous gas, and high concentrations can cause serious safety incidents such as explosions. With a resolution of 500 ppm, this sensor can accurately detect changes in methane concentration within its range, providing a reliable basis for safety monitoring in these areas.

[0044] The hydrogen sulfide detection sensor is used to measure the concentration of hydrogen sulfide (H2S). It has a measurement range of 0-50 PPM and a resolution of 0.1 PPM. Hydrogen sulfide is a toxic gas with a strong pungent odor. It is common in environments such as sewage treatment plants and oil production. In sewage treatment plants, the decomposition of organic matter in wastewater may produce hydrogen sulfide. During oil production, hydrogen sulfide in the formation may also be released during the extraction process. This sensor can detect low concentrations of hydrogen sulfide, accurately capturing changes as small as 0.1 PPM. This is crucial for timely detection of hydrogen sulfide leaks and protecting the lives of workers.

[0045] The oxygen detection sensor, part of component group 107, monitors oxygen (O2) concentration. Its range is 0-35% with a resolution of 0.1%. In environments such as confined spaces and underground facilities, oxygen concentrations can fluctuate due to various factors, such as breathing and chemical reactions. Low oxygen concentrations can cause suffocation, while high concentrations can increase the risk of fire and explosion. This sensor accurately monitors changes in oxygen concentration, providing crucial data for safety assessments and personnel protection in these challenging environments, ensuring that personnel operate within a relatively safe oxygen concentration range.

[0046] The humidity sensor in component group 107 is responsible for monitoring ambient humidity. Its temperature detection range is -20-100°C, covering the various temperature fluctuations that can occur in complex environments like underground mines. It effectively monitors temperatures ranging from low temperatures deep underground to high temperatures due to equipment operation. Its humidity detection range is 0-100%RH, fully reflecting the actual humidity level. Furthermore, its temperature and humidity resolution is 0.1%, enabling it to accurately detect subtle changes in temperature and humidity, providing highly accurate data support for environmental assessments. In environments like underground mines, humidity levels can affect the performance and lifespan of other sensors, as well as the working environment of underground equipment and personnel. The humidity sensor provides real-time information on ambient humidity levels, enabling appropriate measures, such as ventilation and dehumidification, to ensure the normal operation of equipment and the comfort of personnel.

[0047] Component assembly 107 also includes a triaxial accelerometer, which uses X, Y, and Z values ​​to determine the manhole cover's tilt angle. When the tilt angle reaches 30 degrees, an interrupt is triggered, initiating an unauthorized access alarm. The triaxial accelerometer model is QMA7981. In practical manhole cover applications, manhole covers should remain relatively stable under normal conditions. The triaxial accelerometer continuously monitors the manhole cover's posture. Once the tilt angle reaches a preset threshold of 30 degrees, the sensor quickly triggers an interrupt. This interrupt signal acts as an emergency alarm, immediately notifying the device's main control system, which then issues an unauthorized access alarm. This rapid response mechanism allows for timely detection of potential unauthorized access attempts, such as attempts to pry the manhole cover open for theft or vandalism. In this way, the triaxial accelerometer provides reliable protection for the manhole cover's safety, effectively preventing unauthorized access and thus ensuring public safety.

[0048] To ensure safety monitoring while also achieving energy-saving operation and extending the device's service life, the device employs a strategy of scheduled testing and data upload. Specifically, the device performs a comprehensive test every 48 hours. During this 48-hour interval, the triaxial accelerometer operates in a low-power monitoring mode, rather than continuously at high frequency. It triggers an alarm only when it detects an abnormal tilt angle. This operating mode significantly reduces unnecessary energy consumption and avoids the energy waste and heat generation caused by prolonged high-load sensor operation.

[0049] When the 48-hour detection time point is reached, the device will collect and integrate data from the triaxial accelerometer and other related sensors (such as the previously mentioned carbon monoxide detection sensor and methane detection sensor). The device will then upload all the data collected during this period. This method of regularly uploading data not only meets the needs of data recording and analysis, but also avoids the increased energy consumption and communication resource occupation caused by frequent data transmission. Through this scientific regular detection and data upload mechanism, the device effectively reduces energy consumption, extends its service life, and improves the reliability and stability of the equipment while ensuring the safety monitoring function, providing strong support for the long-term and stable protection of manhole cover safety.

[0050] Component group 107 utilizes NB-IoT wireless communication technology and ultra-low-power power management technology to enable remote data transmission. NB-IoT offers numerous advantages, including wide coverage, low power consumption, high connectivity, and low cost, making it ideal for manhole cover and underground environmental monitoring. Its powerful signal penetration effectively overcomes these challenges, ensuring stable and reliable data transmission in complex underground environments. This technology enables sensors to accurately transmit data such as manhole cover status and underground environmental conditions in real time to a remote, intelligent management platform. For example, when a triaxial accelerometer detects a manhole cover tilt angle of 30 degrees and triggers an unauthorized opening alarm, the NB-IoT communication module rapidly transmits this alarm, along with the cover's location information, to the backend, enabling management personnel to be immediately notified of the abnormality. Furthermore, data on underground environmental parameters such as carbon monoxide, methane, hydrogen sulfide, oxygen, temperature, and humidity can be efficiently transmitted remotely, providing a foundation for subsequent data analysis and processing.

[0051] To ensure long-term, stable operation underground, component group 107 utilizes ultra-low power management technology. Because underground environments typically lack convenient power access, the equipment primarily relies on batteries. This ultra-low power design permeates every component of the device, from sensors to communication modules to data processing units, all of which feature meticulous power optimization.

[0052] Sensors utilize an intermittent operating mode. For example, carbon monoxide and methane sensors do not perform continuous testing, but instead sample and test at preset intervals. During non-test periods, the sensors enter a low-power sleep state, significantly reducing energy consumption. The NB-IoT communication module also quickly enters sleep mode after completing data transmission, waking up only when data transmission is required. Furthermore, the power management module features intelligent power monitoring and allocation, which optimizes power allocation based on the device's operating status, prioritizing power supply to critical components. These ultra-low power design measures effectively extend battery life, reduce the frequency of battery replacement, and lower maintenance costs.

[0053] Component Assembly 107 utilizes an integrated design concept, integrating the pump assembly, various sensors, communication modules, and power management modules into a compact unit. This integrated design not only makes the device more compact and easier to install, but also improves its overall reliability and stability.

[0054] In view of the complex underground environment and uneven gas distribution, the equipment uses a pumping method to collect gas samples. The air pump 205 in the pumping assembly draws the underground gas into the cavity 202 through the first connecting pipe 204, ensuring that the sensor can accurately detect the gas composition and concentration. This pumping method can overcome the limitations of natural diffusion, quickly and effectively collect representative gas samples, and improve the accuracy and timeliness of detection. At the same time, the integrated design enables the equipment to better adapt to harsh environments such as high temperature, high humidity, and dust underground. The various components work together to ensure the normal operation of the equipment in complex environments.

[0055] The IoT environmental monitoring module uses sensor technology to integrate information such as manhole cover status, underground environment conditions, and whether the manhole cover has been opened into a unified maintenance and management system. On the backend intelligent management platform, the status of the manhole cover and the alarm content are displayed in an intuitive map format.

[0056] The location of each manhole cover is clearly marked on the map. When a manhole cover exhibits an abnormality, such as being illegally opened or tilted at an excessively large angle, or when underground environmental parameters exceed normal ranges, the corresponding manhole cover icon will prominently display an alarm message on the map, such as flashing or changing color. At the same time, the platform will display the specific content of the alarm in detail, including the alarm type, occurrence time, and related parameter values. Maintenance personnel can use the backend intelligent management platform to monitor the status of the manhole cover and the underground environment in real time, obtain alarm information promptly, and quickly reach the site for processing based on map navigation. This intelligent management approach greatly improves maintenance efficiency, can quickly resolve safety hazards, and ensure public safety and the normal operation of underground equipment.

[0057] Scope of application of this product: Power manhole cover: used to monitor the manhole cover status and underground environment of power facilities to ensure the safety and stability of power supply.

[0058] Gas manhole cover: used to monitor the manhole cover status and underground environment of gas pipelines to prevent safety accidents such as gas leakage.

[0059] Waterworks manhole covers: used to monitor the manhole cover status and underground environment of waterworks facilities to ensure the normal operation of urban water supply and drainage systems.

[0060] Communication manhole cover: used to monitor the manhole cover status and underground environment of communication facilities to ensure the stability and security of the communication network.

[0061] This product is dedicated to creating a comprehensive and complete intelligent monitoring solution that precisely meets the urgent needs of urban infrastructure maintenance and management. With the accelerating pace of urbanization, urban infrastructure is vast and widely distributed. Traditional manual inspection methods are not only inefficient but also difficult to detect and address potential safety hazards in a timely manner.

[0062] Our intelligent monitoring solution covers the entire process, from data collection and transmission to analysis and processing. By installing a variety of sensors on manhole covers, such as triaxial accelerometers, carbon monoxide sensors, methane sensors, and temperature and humidity sensors, we can collect real-time data on the manhole cover's status and the underground environment. For example, the triaxial accelerometer accurately monitors the manhole cover's tilt angle, triggering an unauthorized opening alarm if the tilt reaches 30 degrees. Carbon monoxide and methane sensors can promptly detect harmful gas leaks underground, ensuring public safety.

[0063] Leveraging advanced NB-IoT wireless communication technology, collected data can be quickly and stably transmitted to the backend intelligent management platform. The platform displays the location and alarm status of manhole covers in an intuitive map format, allowing maintenance personnel to obtain real-time dynamic information about the manhole covers and the underground environment. The platform also features data analysis capabilities, enabling the mining and analysis of historical data to provide a scientific basis for the maintenance and management of urban infrastructure. For example, by analyzing the changing trends in the tilt angle of manhole covers, potential failures can be predicted, allowing maintenance work to be scheduled in advance and preventing accidents. This significantly improves the efficiency and level of urban infrastructure maintenance and management, reduces maintenance costs, and provides a strong guarantee for the sustainable development of cities. Whether it is manhole cover facilities in the power, gas, water, or communications sectors, our solutions can achieve intelligent management, improving the overall operational quality of urban infrastructure.

[0064] It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, terms such as "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer" indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. These are merely for ease of description and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or component described must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0065] Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0066] The term "comprise" or any other similar term is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, article, or apparatus / device that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, article, or apparatus / device.

[0067] Thus far, the technical solutions of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of protection of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principles of the present invention, those skilled in the art may make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after such changes or substitutions will fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An Internet of Things environment detection module, characterized by: The invention comprises a lower shell (103) and an upper shell (102), wherein the lower shell (103) and the upper shell (102) are connected by round head screws, a mainboard box (106) is provided at the top of the lower shell (103), a component group (107) is provided inside the mainboard box (106), a cavity (202) is provided on the rear side of the interior of the mainboard box (106), a cover plate (105) is provided on the top of the cavity (202), an air inlet (201) is provided on the left side of the front end of the cover plate (105), and a pump air assembly is provided on the rear side of the cavity (202); A plurality of reinforcing ribs (203) are evenly arranged around the bottom of the cover plate (105), and a plurality of guide plates (208) are provided on the inner side of the bottom of the cavity (202).

2. The Internet of Things environment detection module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the air inlet (201) penetrates the cover plate (105) and the upper shell (102), and a waterproof filter membrane (104) is provided on the top of the air inlet (201), and the waterproof filter membrane (104) and the upper shell (102) are connected to each other.

3. The Internet of Things environment detection module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pump air assembly includes an air pump (205), the front end of the air pump (205) is connected to the mainboard box (106), a first connecting pipe (204) is provided at the top left of the air pump (205), and the top right of the first connecting pipe (204) is connected to the cavity (202).

4. The Internet of Things environment detection module according to claim 3, characterized in that: A second connecting pipe (206) is provided at the bottom left side of the air pump (205), an exhaust pipe (207) is provided at the top of the second connecting pipe (206), and the top of the exhaust pipe (207) passes through the upper shell (102).

5. The Internet of Things environment detection module according to claim 1, characterized in that: A label paper (101) is provided on the top of the upper shell (102).

6. The Internet of Things environment detection module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The component group (107) includes a carbon monoxide detection sensor, a methane detection sensor, a hydrogen sulfide detection sensor, an oxygen detection sensor, and a humidity detection sensor.

7. The Internet of Things environment detection module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The component group (107) also includes a three-axis acceleration sensor, which confirms the tilt angle of the manhole cover through the values ​​of X, Y, and Z. When the tilt angle reaches 30 degrees, an interrupt is triggered and an illegal opening alarm message is issued.

8. The Internet of Things environment detection module according to claim 7, characterized in that: The model of the three-axis acceleration sensor is QMA7981.

9. The Internet of Things environment detection module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The component group (107) adopts NB-IoT wireless communication technology and ultra-low power consumption power management technology to achieve remote transmission of data.

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