Water-lubricated radial bearing and thrust bearing combined test device for simulating actual working condition of sea surface

Abstract

The invention discloses a water-lubricated radial bearing and thrust bearing combined test device for simulating actual sea surface working conditions, and relates to the field of ship engineering, and the technical scheme of the invention comprises a test platform, a radial test module and a thrust test module; the test platform comprises a rotor, a supporting module and a driving motor; the radial test module comprises a radial test bearing seat, a radial water lubrication test bearing, a radial hydraulic loading mechanism and a radial electromagnetic loading mechanism; the thrust test module comprises a thrust test bearing seat, a thrust water lubrication test bearing, a thrust electromagnetic loading mechanism and a thrust hydraulic loading mechanism. Meanwhile, a combined test is carried out on the water-lubricated radial bearing and the thrust bearing, and the bearing capacity, the vibration reduction performance, the wear resistance and the stability of the radial water-lubricated bearing and the thrust water-lubricated bearing under the complex stress condition are verified by simulating various loads under the actual working condition of the sea surface.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of ship engineering, and in particular to a water-lubricated radial bearing and thrust bearing combined test device for simulating actual sea surface working conditions. Background Art

[0002] In the field of marine engineering, the performance of water-lubricated journal and thrust bearings is crucial to the stability and efficiency of ship propulsion systems. Traditional bearing performance testing often has some limitations.

[0003] Sea conditions are complex and ever-changing, and the loads on ship propellers include not only static radial and axial forces, but also dynamic fluctuations and impacts. Traditional testing equipment struggles to simulate the coupled effects of these static and dynamic loads, resulting in significant discrepancies between test results and actual applications. Traditional bearing testing typically tests radial and thrust bearings separately, failing to fully assess their collaborative performance under actual operating conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a combined test device for water-lubricated radial bearings and thrust bearings that simulates the actual working conditions of the sea surface. At the same time, a joint test is carried out on the water-lubricated radial bearings and thrust bearings. By simulating various loads under the actual working conditions of the sea surface, the load-bearing capacity, vibration reduction performance, wear resistance and stability of the radial water-lubricated bearings and the thrust water-lubricated bearings under complex stress conditions are verified.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a water-lubricated radial bearing and thrust bearing combined test device simulating actual sea surface working conditions, including a test platform, a radial test module and a thrust test module;

[0006] The test platform includes a rotor, a support module and a drive motor;

[0007] The rotor is rotatably coupled to the support module, and the output shaft of the drive motor is linked to the rotor, so that the drive motor drives the rotor to rotate;

[0008] The radial test module includes a radial test bearing seat, a radial water-lubricated test bearing, a radial hydraulic loading mechanism and a radial electromagnetic loading mechanism;

[0009] The radial water-lubricated test bearing is arranged between the middle part of the rotor and the radial test bearing seat, the radial hydraulic loading mechanism is arranged at the middle part of the radial test bearing seat corresponding to the radial water-lubricated test bearing, and the radial electromagnetic loading mechanisms are respectively arranged at both ends of the radial test bearing seat corresponding to the radial water-lubricated test bearing;

[0010] The thrust test module includes a thrust test bearing seat, a thrust water-lubricated test bearing, a thrust electromagnetic loading mechanism and a thrust hydraulic loading mechanism;

[0011] The thrust water-lubricated test bearing is arranged between the end of the rotor and the thrust test bearing seat, and the thrust electromagnetic loading mechanism and the thrust hydraulic loading mechanism are arranged at the end of the thrust test bearing seat corresponding to the thrust water-lubricated test bearing.

[0012] This solution can provide radial static force loading, radial dynamic force loading, dynamic moment loading, axial static force loading and axial dynamic force loading.

[0013] Radial static force loading is provided by a radial hydraulic loading mechanism; radial dynamic force loading is provided by a radial electromagnetic loading mechanism; dynamic torque loading utilizes the radial electromagnetic loading mechanisms at both ends of the radial water-lubricated test bearing to provide different electromagnetic forces in the X-axis direction, thereby generating a torque around the Y-axis on the radial water-lubricated test bearing; axial static force loading is provided by a thrust hydraulic loading mechanism; and axial dynamic force loading is provided by a thrust electromagnetic loading mechanism.

[0014] Preferably, the test platform includes a torque meter, both ends of which are connected to the output shaft of the drive motor via diaphragm couplings, so as to detect the torque generated by the drive motor in real time.

[0015] Preferably, the support modules are respectively arranged on both sides of the radial test module, and the support modules include a shaft sleeve, a locking nut, an angular contact ball bearing, a support bearing seat, a bearing outer ring baffle, a bearing seat end cover plate and a lifting ring;

[0016] The shaft sleeve is sleeved on the rotor, the shaft shoulder of the rotor cooperates with the locking nut to lock the shaft sleeve, the inner ring of the angular contact ball bearing cooperates with the shaft sleeve, the outer ring of the angular contact ball bearing is gap-matched with the inner cavity of the support bearing seat, and the left wide end face of the angular contact ball bearing contacts the left end face of the inner cavity of the support bearing seat;

[0017] The right end face of the inner cavity of the support bearing seat is corresponding to the right wide end face of the outer ring of the angular contact ball bearing, and the bearing outer ring baffle is fixed to the support bearing seat. A gap is left between the right narrow end face of the angular contact ball bearing and the axial small end face of the bearing outer ring baffle; the two end faces of the support bearing seat are respectively fixed with the bearing seat end cover plates.

[0018] It can provide stable support for the rotation of the rotor, facilitating the smooth rotation of the rotor.

[0019] Preferably, silicon steel plates are fixed to both end faces of the radial water-lubricated test bearing, and the radial electromagnetic loading mechanism is distributed on the periphery of the silicon steel plates;

[0020] The radial electromagnetic loading mechanism includes a radial electromagnetic base, radial magnetic poles and a radial loading coil;

[0021] The radial electromagnetic base is an annular structure sleeved on the periphery of the silicon steel plate. A plurality of radial magnetic poles are distributed between the radial electromagnetic base and the silicon steel plate. A gap is left between the radial magnetic poles and the silicon steel plate. The radial magnetic poles are relatively fixed to the radial electromagnetic base, and the radial loading coil is wound around the radial magnetic poles.

[0022] After the radial loading coil is energized, the radial loading coil generates a magnetic field, and the radial electromagnetic loading mechanism generates a radial electromagnetic force acting on the silicon steel plate, that is, generating a thrust on the end of the radial water-lubricated test bearing.

[0023] Preferably, sensor brackets are provided at both ends of the radial test bearing seat, and eddy current sensors are provided horizontally and vertically on the two sensor brackets corresponding to the rotor, respectively, to measure the relative displacement between the bearing and the rotor, i.e., the axis trajectory, and to measure the bearing tilt angle and record the bearing posture.

[0024] Preferably, the rotor is provided with a plurality of circumferential outer grooves at both ends corresponding to the radial test bearing seat. A radial bearing sealing plate is fixed to each end of the radial test bearing seat. The inner edge of the sealing plate is provided with a circumferential inner groove that matches the circumferential outer grooves. This can improve the sealing performance between the radial test bearing seat and the rotor.

[0025] Preferably, the end of the rotor is provided with the rotating thrust disk, the non-thrust surface of the rotating thrust disk is in contact with the shaft shoulder of the rotor, the thrust water-lubricated test bearing is located on the thrust surface of the rotating thrust disk, and a gap is left between the thrust water-lubricated test bearing and the rotating thrust disk. The thrust water-lubricated test bearing is fixed to one side of the thrust loading disk, the outer edge of the thrust loading disk is slidably adapted to the inner cavity of the thrust test bearing seat, the other side of the thrust loading disk is fixed to one side of the silicon steel disk, the thrust electromagnetic loading mechanism is located on the other side of the silicon steel disk, a gap is left between the thrust electromagnetic loading mechanism and the silicon steel disk, and the thrust electromagnetic loading mechanism is fixed to the inner cavity of the thrust test bearing seat.

[0026] By rotating the thrust disc and the thrust loading disc, the axial force surface can be increased, and the thrust electromagnetic loading mechanism can be better set.

[0027] Preferably, the thrust electromagnetic loading mechanism includes a thrust pole, a thrust loading coil and a thrust loading base. The thrust pole is distributed circumferentially on the disk surface of the thrust loading base. The thrust pole is axially fixed relative to the thrust loading base. The thrust loading base is fixed to the inner cavity of the thrust test bearing seat. The thrust pole is wound with the thrust loading coil.

[0028] By distributing thrust magnetic poles circumferentially on the disk surface of the thrust loading base, electromagnetic force can be provided uniformly while taking into account the positional relationship with the thrust hydraulic loading mechanism.

[0029] Preferably, a thrust mounting plate is provided at the inner end of the thrust test bearing seat, the thrust hydraulic loading mechanism is fixed to the thrust mounting plate, and the output end of the thrust hydraulic loading mechanism abuts against the other side of the thrust loading plate, thereby simultaneously taking into account the forces exerted on the rotor by the thrust hydraulic loading mechanism and the thrust electromagnetic recording mechanism.

[0030] Preferably, a lubrication water station is further included, wherein the bottom of the inner cavity of the bearing seat is provided with a water inlet hole, the top of the inner cavity of the bearing seat is provided with a water return hole, and the water inlet hole and the water return hole are connected to the lubrication water station. Ensure that the test bearing is completely immersed in water.

[0031] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0032] This solution integrates radial water-lubricated test bearings and thrust water-lubricated test bearings on the same test platform, providing radial static force loading, radial dynamic force loading, dynamic moment loading, axial static force loading, and axial dynamic force loading, enabling simultaneous loading and performance analysis of both. By simulating the coupling of radial and axial forces in a ship's propulsion shafting system, the load-bearing capacity and lubrication characteristics of radial and thrust water-lubricated test bearings under combined loads can be evaluated. While the thrust water-lubricated test bearing is subjected to sudden axial forces, the radial water-lubricated test bearing must cope with the resulting axial vibrations. Joint testing can fully reveal the stability and adaptability of the two in collaborative work, providing a basis for optimal design of the bearing system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only eleven of the drawings of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0034] Figure 1 A perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 For the embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of;

[0037] Figure 4 For the embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 B is a partial enlarged view;

[0038] Figure 5 This is a force analysis diagram of a radial water-lubricated test bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 6 A force diagram of a radial water-lubricated test bearing and a radial electromagnetic loading mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of electromagnetic loading of a radial bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of radial electromagnetic loading control according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 9 This is a force analysis diagram of a thrust water-lubricated test bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of electromagnetic loading of a thrust water-lubricated test bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of thrust electromagnetic loading control according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Among them, 01, drive motor; 02, diaphragm coupling; 03, torque meter; 04, rotor; 11, support bearing seat; 12, angular contact ball bearing; 13, shaft sleeve; 14, bearing outer ring baffle; 15, bearing seat end cover; 16, lifting ring; 20, radial water-lubricated test bearing; 21, radial test bearing seat; 22, radial bearing sealing plate; 23, radial hydraulic loading mechanism; 24, radial electromagnetic loading mechanism; 241, radial electromagnetic base; 242, radial magnetic pole; 243 , radial loading coil; 25. Sensing bracket; 26. Eddy current sensor; 27. Silicon steel plate; 30. Thrust test bearing seat; 31. Rotating thrust plate; 32. Thrust water-lubricated test bearing; 33. Thrust loading plate; 34. Silicon steel disc; 35. Thrust electromagnetic loading mechanism; 351. Thrust loading base; 352. Thrust magnetic pole; 353. Thrust loading coil; 36. Thrust bearing sealing plate; 37. Thrust hydraulic loading mechanism; 38. Thrust mounting plate; 39. Ball screw platform. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] In order to deepen the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The embodiments are only used to explain the present invention and do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] Example

[0048] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a water-lubricated radial bearing and thrust bearing combined test device simulating actual sea surface working conditions includes a test platform, a radial test module and a thrust test module;

[0049] The test platform includes a rotor 04, a support module and a drive motor 01;

[0050] Combine Figure 3 As shown, the rotor 04 is rotatably matched with the support module, and the output shaft of the drive motor 01 is linked with the rotor 04, and the drive motor 01 drives the rotor 04 to rotate;

[0051] The radial test module includes a radial test bearing seat 21, a radial water-lubricated test bearing 20, a radial hydraulic loading mechanism 23 and a radial electromagnetic loading mechanism 24;

[0052] The radial water-lubricated test bearing 20 is arranged between the middle of the rotor 04 and the radial test bearing seat 21. The radial hydraulic loading mechanism 23 is arranged at the middle of the radial water-lubricated test bearing 20 corresponding to the radial test bearing seat 21. The radial electromagnetic loading mechanisms 24 are respectively arranged at both ends of the radial test bearing seat 21 corresponding to the radial water-lubricated test bearing 20.

[0053] Combine Figure 4 As shown, the thrust test module includes a thrust test bearing seat 30, a thrust water-lubricated test bearing 32, a thrust electromagnetic loading mechanism 35 and a thrust hydraulic loading mechanism 37;

[0054] The thrust water-lubricated test bearing 32 is arranged between the end of the rotor 04 and the thrust test bearing seat 30 , and the thrust electromagnetic loading mechanism 35 and the thrust hydraulic loading mechanism 37 are arranged at the end of the thrust test bearing seat 30 corresponding to the thrust water-lubricated test bearing 32 .

[0055] The test platform includes a torque meter 03, both ends of which are connected to the output shaft of the drive motor 01 through a diaphragm coupling 02, so as to detect the torque generated by the drive motor 01 in real time.

[0056] The motor output shaft, diaphragm coupling 02, torque meter 03 connecting shaft, diaphragm coupling 02, rotor 04 and inner hole are respectively installed with interference fit using the heating set method, and the drive motor 01 and torque meter 03 are fixed to the corresponding pads with screws.

[0057] Combine Figure 3 As shown, the support modules are respectively arranged on both sides of the radial test module, and the support modules include a sleeve 13, a locking nut, an angular contact ball bearing 12, a support bearing seat 11, a bearing outer ring baffle 14, a bearing seat end cover 15, a support bearing pad and a lifting ring 16;

[0058] The sleeve 13 is sleeved onto the rotor 04, and the shoulder of the rotor 04 cooperates with the lock nut to lock the sleeve 13. Specifically, the sleeve 13 and the rotor 04 have an interference fit. The sleeve 13 is heated and fitted onto the corresponding position of the rotor 04. The large circular end surface of the sleeve 13 contacts the shoulder end surface of the rotor 04, and serves as an axial positioning function.

[0059] The inner ring of the angular contact ball bearing 12 has an interference fit with the sleeve 13 and is installed by shrink-fitting. The inner end face of the angular contact ball bearing 12 contacts the shoulder end face of the sleeve 13, and the end face of the locking nut contacts the inner end face of the angular contact ball bearing 12. Tightening the locking nut compresses the inner end face of the angular contact ball bearing 12.

[0060] The outer ring of the angular contact ball bearing 12 is in clearance fit with the inner cavity of the support bearing seat 11 , and the left wide end face of the angular contact ball bearing 12 is in contact with the left end face of the inner cavity of the support bearing seat 11 .

[0061] The right end face of the inner cavity of the support bearing seat 11 is corresponding to the right wide end face of the outer ring of the angular contact ball bearing 12, and the bearing outer ring baffle 14 is provided. The bearing outer ring baffle 14 is fixed to the support bearing seat 11 by screws, and the right narrow end face of the angular contact ball bearing 12 and the axial small end face of the bearing outer ring baffle 14 maintain a certain gap; the two end faces of the support bearing seat 11 are respectively fixed with the bearing seat end cover plate 15 by screws, and the end face of the bearing seat end cover plate 15 is flush with the end face of the support bearing seat 11. The support bearing seat 11 is mounted on the pad with screws, and the two support modules are symmetrical on the left and right.

[0062] It can provide stable support for the rotation of the rotor 04, facilitating the smooth rotation of the rotor 04.

[0063] The radial water-lubricated test bearing 20 is a split structure with a rubber inner bore and a bearing alloy steel base. A locating pin on the outer diameter limits significant axial movement and radial rotation. Clearances exist between the inner diameter of the radial water-lubricated test bearing 20 and the rotor 04, and between the outer diameter of the radial water-lubricated test bearing 20 and the inner diameter of the radial test bearing seat 21. The end faces of the radial water-lubricated test bearing 20 are flush with the inner diameter of the radial test bearing seat 21.

[0064] The radial hydraulic loading mechanism 23, i.e. the hydraulic cylinder, is installed in the countersunk hole on the upper surface of the radial test bearing seat 21 with screws. The loading rod of the radial hydraulic loading mechanism 23 passes through the through hole on the radial test bearing seat 21 and is pressed against the axial center position of the outer cylindrical surface of the radial water-lubricated test bearing 20.

[0065] Silicon steel plates 27 (annular structure) are fixed to both end faces of the radial water-lubricated test bearing 20, and the radial electromagnetic loading mechanism 24 is distributed around the periphery of the silicon steel plate 27;

[0066] The radial electromagnetic loading mechanism 24 includes a radial electromagnetic base 241, a radial magnetic pole 242 and a radial loading coil 243;

[0067] The radial electromagnetic base 241 is an annular structure that fits around the silicon steel plate 27. Four sets of radial magnetic poles 242 are distributed between the radial electromagnetic base 241 and the silicon steel plate 27. These radial magnetic poles 242 are formed by laminating silicon steel sheets. A gap is left between the radial magnetic poles 242 and the silicon steel plate 27. The radial magnetic poles 242 are fixed relative to the radial electromagnetic base 241. The radial loading coils 243 are wound around the radial magnetic poles 242. A certain gap exists between the inner ring of the radial bearing electromagnetic loading device (the radial magnetic poles 242) and the outer ring of the silicon steel plate 27.

[0068] After the radial loading coil 243 is energized, the radial loading coil 243 generates a magnetic field, and the radial electromagnetic loading mechanism 24 generates a radial electromagnetic force acting on the silicon steel plate 27 , that is, generating a thrust on the end of the radial water-lubricated test bearing 20 .

[0069] Sensor brackets 25 are screwed onto both ends of the radial test bearing seat 21. Eddy current sensors 26 are installed horizontally and vertically on the two sensor brackets 25 corresponding to the rotor 04. They are used to measure the relative displacement between the bearing and the rotor 04, i.e., the axis trajectory, and the bearing tilt angle and record the bearing posture.

[0070] The radial test bearing seat 21 is screwed onto the spacer. The rotor 04 is provided with several circumferential outer grooves at both ends of the radial test bearing seat 21. A radial bearing sealing plate 22 is fixed to each end of the radial test bearing seat 21. The end faces of the radial bearing sealing plates 22 are flush with the end faces of the radial test bearing seat 21. The inner edge of the sealing plate is provided with circumferential inner grooves that match the circumferential outer grooves. This improves the sealing between the radial test bearing seat 21 and the rotor 04.

[0071] Combine Figure 4 As shown, the end of the rotor 04 is interference fit with the inner hole of the rotating thrust disk 31, and the rotating thrust disk 31 is installed on the rotor 04 by a shrink fit method. The non-thrust surface of the rotating thrust disk 31 contacts the shaft shoulder of the rotor 04, and the thrust water-lubricated test bearing 32 is located on the thrust surface of the rotating thrust disk 31. A gap is left between the thrust water-lubricated test bearing 32 and the rotating thrust disk 31. The thrust water-lubricated test bearing 32 is fixed to one side of the thrust loading disk 33 by screws. The outer edge of the thrust loading disk 33 is slidably adapted to the inner cavity of the thrust test bearing seat 30, and the other side of the thrust loading disk 33 is fixed to one side of the silicon steel disk 34 by screws. The thrust electromagnetic loading mechanism 35 is located on the other side of the silicon steel disk 34, and a gap is left between the thrust electromagnetic loading mechanism 35 and the silicon steel disk 34. The thrust electromagnetic loading mechanism 35 is fixed to the inner cavity of the thrust test bearing seat 30.

[0072] By rotating the thrust disc 31 and the thrust loading disc 33 , the axial force surface thereof can be increased, and the thrust electromagnetic loading mechanism 35 can be better arranged.

[0073] The thrust electromagnetic loading mechanism 35 includes thrust magnetic poles 352, thrust loading coils 353, and a thrust loading base 351. Four sets of thrust magnetic poles 352 are distributed circumferentially around the disk surface of the thrust loading base 351. The thrust magnetic poles 352 are axially fixed to the thrust loading base 351 via screws. The thrust loading base 351 is fixed to the inner cavity of the thrust test bearing seat 30. The thrust loading coils 353 are wound around the thrust magnetic poles 352. The thrust magnetic poles 352 are made of laminated silicon steel sheets.

[0074] By distributing the thrust magnetic poles 352 in the circumferential direction of the disk surface of the thrust loading base 351 , it is possible to provide electromagnetic force uniformly while taking into account the positional relationship with the thrust hydraulic loading mechanism 37 .

[0075] A thrust mounting plate 38 is provided at the inner end of the thrust test bearing seat 30. The end surface of the thrust mounting plate 38 is flush with the end surface of the thrust test bearing seat 30. The thrust hydraulic loading mechanism 37 is fixed to the thrust mounting plate 38. The output end of the thrust hydraulic loading mechanism 37 abuts against the other side of the thrust loading plate 33. This allows for the simultaneous application of the thrust hydraulic loading mechanism 37 and the thrust electromagnetic recording mechanism to the rotor 04.

[0076] The rotor 04 is provided with several circumferential outer grooves at the left end corresponding to the thrust test bearing seat 30. A thrust bearing sealing plate is fixed to the left end of the thrust test bearing seat 30. The end face of the thrust bearing sealing plate is flush with the end face of the thrust test bearing seat 30. The inner edge of the sealing plate is provided with a circumferential inner groove adapted to the circumferential outer groove. The thrust test bearing seat 30 is fixed to the ball screw platform 39 with screws to facilitate the disassembly and assembly of the thrust test section.

[0077] This solution can provide radial static force loading, radial dynamic force loading, dynamic moment loading, axial static force loading and axial dynamic force loading.

[0078] The radial static force loading is provided by the radial hydraulic loading mechanism 23, and the loading rod of the radial hydraulic loading mechanism 23 is vertically pressed against the outer cylindrical surface of the radial water-lubricated test bearing 20 shell, the outer cylindrical surface of the radial water-lubricated test bearing 20 shell and the radial test bearing seat 21 to ensure that the load is fully applied to the bearing.

[0079] The radial dynamic force loading is provided by the radial electromagnetic loading mechanism 24 .

[0080] Dynamic torque loading utilizes radial electromagnetic loading mechanisms 24 at both ends of the radial water-lubricated test bearing 20 to provide different electromagnetic forces in the X-axis direction, generating a torque about the Y-axis on the radial water-lubricated test bearing 20. The radial dynamic force and dynamic torque are applied using electromagnetic coils. Closed-loop control is employed for the electromagnetic loading device.

[0081] Axial static force loading is provided by the thrust hydraulic loading mechanism 37. Static force loading of the thrust water-lubricated test bearing 32 is to directly push the loading rod of the thrust hydraulic loading mechanism 37 vertically against the end face of the thrust loading disc 33 to load the axial force.

[0082] The axial dynamic force is provided by the thrust electromagnetic loading mechanism 35 .

[0083] Combine Figure 5-Figure 8As shown, radial electromagnetic loading mechanisms are installed on both sides of the radial water-lubricated test bearing, and the radial electromagnetic loading mechanisms are fixed on both sides of the radial test bearing seat. The loading principle is shown in the figure. Different currents are passed through the upper and lower coils of the vertical plane YOZ on the right side. The upper coil applies a larger upward electromagnetic force to the bearing, and the lower coil applies a smaller downward electromagnetic force to the bearing. The right end of the bearing is subjected to an upward electromagnetic force on the vertical plane YOZ. The upper and lower coils of the left device also pass currents of different magnitudes. The upper coil exerts a smaller upward electromagnetic force on the bearing, while the lower coil exerts a larger downward electromagnetic force on the bearing. The left end of the bearing is subjected to a downward electromagnetic force on the vertical plane YOZ. and The moment M around the X axis is generated X Similarly, different currents are passed through the left and right coils on the right side of the device XOZ horizontal plane. The coil in the positive direction of the X-axis applies a larger electromagnetic force in the positive direction of the X-axis to the bearing, and the coil in the negative direction of the X-axis applies a smaller electromagnetic force in the negative direction of the X-axis to the bearing. The right end of the bearing is subjected to the electromagnetic force in the positive direction of the X-axis on the horizontal plane XOZ. Different currents are passed through the left and right coils on the XOZ horizontal plane of the device on the left. The coil in the positive direction of the X-axis applies a smaller electromagnetic force in the positive direction of the X-axis to the bearing, and the coil in the negative direction of the X-axis applies a larger electromagnetic force in the negative direction of the X-axis to the bearing. The right end of the bearing is subjected to the electromagnetic force in the negative direction of the X-axis on the horizontal plane XOZ. and The moment M around the Y axis is generated Y .

[0084] Combine Figure 9-11 As shown in the figure, the electromagnetic loading principle of the thrust water-lubricated test bearing is shown. On the vertical plane YOZ, the left and right coils at the top are connected to currents of different magnitudes. The left coil applies a larger electromagnetic force to the right on the loading disk, and the right coil applies a smaller electromagnetic force to the left on the loading disk. The upper end of the bearing is subjected to a combined electromagnetic force to the right. Different currents are passed through the left and right coils at the bottom. The left coil exerts a smaller electromagnetic force to the right on the loading disk, while the right coil exerts a larger electromagnetic force to the left on the loading disk. The upper end of the bearing is subjected to a combined electromagnetic force to the left. and The moment M around the X axis is generated X On the horizontal plane XOZ, the left and right coils at the front are connected to currents of different magnitudes. The left coil exerts a larger electromagnetic force to the right on the loading disk, while the right coil exerts a smaller electromagnetic force to the left on the loading disk. The upper end of the bearing is subjected to a combined electromagnetic force to the right. Different currents are passed through the left and right coils at the rear. The left coil exerts a smaller electromagnetic force to the right on the loading disk, while the right coil exerts a larger electromagnetic force to the left on the loading disk. The upper end of the bearing is subjected to a combined electromagnetic force to the left. and The moment M around the Y axis is generated Y .

[0085] By combining hydraulic loading and electromagnetic coil loading methods to apply static force, dynamic force and dynamic torque to the bearing, the complex load conditions that water-lubricated test bearings are subject to when operating in real sea conditions can be simulated.

[0086] The lubrication module has a water inlet at the bottom of the inner cavity of the bearing seat and a water return hole at the top of the inner cavity of the bearing seat. The water inlet and return holes are connected to the lubrication water station. Ensure that the test bearing is completely immersed in water.

[0087] Measurement module,The measurement system of this test device combines wired measurement and wireless measurement.

[0088] The wireless measurement method employed in this embodiment employs a hollow rotor design. A ceramic piezoelectric sensor is fixed to the rotor surface with resin glue to collect water film pressure data on the radial bearing. A temperature sensor is bolted to the rotor surface to collect bearing temperature data; an eddy current displacement sensor is bolted to a corresponding position on the rotor to collect water film thickness data on the bearing. The measured water film thickness and pressure data are collected and wirelessly transmitted using an Arduino board. The wireless transmission module includes an Arduino controller and a JDY-31 Bluetooth module. The eddy current sensor and pressure sensor are electrically connected to the Arduino. The Arduino controls the sensors to collect water film thickness and pressure data and controls the JDY-31 Bluetooth module to wirelessly transmit the received data to an external Bluetooth device.

[0089] This embodiment uses a wired measurement method that collects test data by installing sensors at appropriate locations and then transmitting the signals via wires to an external storage device. The test platform can measure parameters such as bearing water film thickness, temperature, water film pressure, bearing tilt angle, rotor axis trajectory, and vibration in real time. A 2mm-diameter hole is drilled in the bearing contact surface of the test bearing (e.g., the radial bearing hole is drilled in the bearing liner, and the thrust bearing hole is drilled in the thrust pad surface). The end sensor mounting hole is connected to the hole. A piezoelectric sensor is installed on the bearing end face to measure the water film pressure in real time. A thermocouple is drilled 3-5mm from the contact surface to measure the bearing temperature in real time. The water film thickness can be measured in real time by installing eddy current sensors at the corresponding positions on the rotor. The bearing tilt angle is measured by arranging eddy current sensors on both sides of the radial bearing and on the back of the thrust bearing. The sensors arranged on both sides of the radial bearing can simultaneously measure the axis trajectory, and a circle of eddy current sensors is arranged on the back of the thrust bearing. The rotor axis trajectory is measured by two eddy current sensors arranged horizontally and vertically at both ends of the radial test bearing, respectively, to collect displacements in the x and y directions. The collected displacements are used to draw an x ​​and y graph to obtain the rotor axis trajectory. The platform vibration is measured by installing a vibration acceleration sensor on the bearing seat. The two sensors are arranged at 90 degrees to measure the horizontal and vertical accelerations of the bearing seat, respectively.

[0090] Functions of the present invention:

[0091] 1. This embodiment uses a combined hydraulic and electromagnetic loading technology to accurately reproduce the complex stress conditions in the marine environment. The static hydraulic loading module simulates constant thrust and radial load, such as the steady-state load when a ship is sailing at a constant speed on a calm sea surface; the electromagnetic coil loading module generates dynamic force and dynamic torque through alternating current to simulate transient loads such as wave impact. The synergistic effect of the two loading modes can dynamically superimpose forces of different frequencies and amplitudes, truly reflecting the dynamic response characteristics of the ship's propeller water-lubricated bearings under actual sea conditions such as wind, waves, and turbulence, providing key data for the impact resistance and fatigue life analysis of water-lubricated bearings.

[0092] 2. This solution integrates radial water-lubricated test bearings and thrust water-lubricated test bearings on the same test platform, which can provide radial static force loading, radial dynamic force loading, dynamic moment loading, axial static force loading, and axial dynamic force loading, achieving synchronous loading and performance analysis of the two. By simulating the coupling effect of radial force and axial force in the ship's propulsion shaft system, the load-bearing capacity and lubrication characteristics of radial water-lubricated test bearings and thrust water-lubricated test bearings under combined loads can be evaluated. While the thrust water-lubricated test bearing is subjected to sudden axial force, the radial water-lubricated test bearing needs to cope with the axial vibration caused by this. The joint test can fully reveal the stability and adaptability of the two in collaborative work, providing a basis for the optimal design of the bearing system.

[0093] 3. The device incorporates wireless measurement technology, integrating ceramic piezoelectric sensors, thermocouples, and eddy-current sensors through a hollow rotor to enable wireless acquisition of key parameters such as water film pressure, temperature, and thickness. The wireless transmission module avoids the signal interference and wiring limitations of traditional wired sensors and is particularly suitable for long-term monitoring in high-speed rotation or complex electromagnetic environments. Combined with a wired measurement system, the test platform can simultaneously acquire data such as rotor axis trajectory, bearing seat vibration, bearing temperature, water film pressure, and water film thickness, and present dynamic curves through real-time analysis software, significantly improving data acquisition efficiency and test reliability.

[0094] The innovation of this embodiment

[0095] Innovation

[0096] 1. Radial thrust combined test

[0097] This combined test rig for water-lubricated radial and thrust bearings, designed to simulate actual sea conditions, allows for simultaneous testing of both water-lubricated radial and thrust bearings. By simulating the various load conditions found in a ship's propulsion shafting, the load-bearing capacity and lubrication characteristics of radial and thrust bearings under complex loads can be evaluated. While the thrust bearing withstands sudden axial forces, the radial bearing must cope with the resulting axial vibrations. Combined testing comprehensively reveals the stability and adaptability of these two components in their coordinated operation, providing a basis for optimized bearing system design.

[0098] 2. Combined loading of dynamic force and dynamic bending moment

[0099] The dynamic force and dynamic bending moment on the test bearing are loaded using electromagnetic coils. By passing alternating currents of different magnitudes through the coils on both sides, the generated electromagnetic force is applied to the test thrust bearing to form an exciting torque. This loading method can accurately control the magnitude and frequency of the dynamic force and dynamic moment, and avoid wear and error caused by mechanical contact.

[0100] Dynamic force and dynamic torque can simulate transient loads such as wave impact, truly reflect the dynamic response characteristics of ship propeller water-lubricated bearings under actual sea conditions such as wind, waves, and turbulence, and provide key data for the impact resistance and fatigue life analysis of water-lubricated bearings.

[0101] 3. Measurement method combining wireless and wired measurement

[0102] The device incorporates wireless measurement technology, avoiding the signal interference and wiring limitations of traditional wired sensors. This makes it suitable for measuring data difficult to measure with wired methods, such as bearing temperature, water film pressure, and water film thickness. Furthermore, combined with a wired measurement system, it can collect relatively easy-to-collect data, such as shaft centerline trajectory and bearing seat vibration. For some critical test data, both wireless and wired measurement methods are used to cross-validate the results, enhancing the reliability of the results.

[0103] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0104] The above-described embodiments merely represent several implementation methods of the present application. While the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art could make various modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present application, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present patent application shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A combined test device for water-lubricated radial bearings and thrust bearings that simulates actual sea surface working conditions, characterized in that: Includes test platform, radial test module and thrust test module; The test platform comprises a rotor (04), a support module and a drive motor (01); The rotor (04) is rotationally coupled to the support module, the output shaft of the drive motor (01) is linked to the rotor (04), and the drive motor (01) drives the rotor (04) to rotate; The radial test module comprises a radial test bearing seat (21), a radial water-lubricated test bearing (20), a radial hydraulic loading mechanism (23) and a radial electromagnetic loading mechanism (24); The radial water-lubricated test bearing (20) is arranged between the middle of the rotor (04) and the radial test bearing seat (21); the radial hydraulic loading mechanism (23) is arranged at the middle of the radial water-lubricated test bearing (20) of the radial test bearing seat (21); and the radial electromagnetic loading mechanisms (24) are respectively arranged at both ends of the radial test bearing seat (21) corresponding to the radial water-lubricated test bearing (20); The thrust test module comprises a thrust test bearing seat (30), a thrust water-lubricated test bearing (32), a thrust electromagnetic loading mechanism (35) and a thrust hydraulic loading mechanism (37); The thrust water-lubricated test bearing (32) is arranged between the end of the rotor (04) and the thrust test bearing seat (30), and the thrust electromagnetic loading mechanism (35) and the thrust hydraulic loading mechanism (37) are arranged at the end of the thrust test bearing seat (30) corresponding to the thrust water-lubricated test bearing (32).

2. The combined test device for water-lubricated radial bearings and thrust bearings simulating actual sea surface working conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test platform comprises a torque meter (03), and both ends of the torque meter (03) are connected to the output shaft of the drive motor (01) through diaphragm couplings (02).

3. The combined test device for water-lubricated radial bearings and thrust bearings simulating actual sea surface working conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support modules are respectively arranged on both sides of the radial test module, and the support modules include a shaft sleeve (13), an angular contact ball bearing (12), a support bearing seat (11), a bearing outer ring baffle (14), a bearing seat end cover plate (15) and a lifting ring (16); The shaft sleeve (13) is sleeved on the rotor (04), the shaft shoulder of the rotor (04) cooperates with the locking nut to lock the shaft sleeve (13), the inner ring of the angular contact ball bearing (12) cooperates with the shaft sleeve (13), the outer ring of the angular contact ball bearing (12) cooperates with the inner cavity clearance of the support bearing seat (11), and the left wide end face of the angular contact ball bearing (12) contacts the left end face of the inner cavity of the support bearing seat (11); The right end face of the inner cavity of the support bearing seat (11) is provided with the bearing outer ring baffle (14) corresponding to the right wide end face of the outer ring of the angular contact ball bearing (12), and the bearing outer ring baffle (14) is fixed to the support bearing seat (11). A gap is left between the right narrow end face of the angular contact ball bearing (12) and the axial small end face of the bearing outer ring baffle (14); the end faces of both ends of the support bearing seat (11) are respectively fixed with the bearing seat end cover plates (15).

4. The combined test device for water-lubricated radial bearings and thrust bearings simulating actual sea surface working conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: Silicon steel plates (27) are respectively fixed to both end surfaces of the radial water-lubricated test bearing (20), and the radial electromagnetic loading mechanism (24) is distributed on the periphery of the silicon steel plate (27); The radial electromagnetic loading mechanism (24) comprises a radial electromagnetic base (241), radial magnetic poles (242) and a radial loading coil (243); The radial electromagnetic base (241) is an annular structure sleeved on the periphery of the silicon steel plate (27); a plurality of radial magnetic poles (242) are distributed between the radial electromagnetic base (241) and the silicon steel plate (27); a gap is left between the radial magnetic poles (242) and the silicon steel plate (27); the radial magnetic poles (242) and the radial electromagnetic base (241) are relatively fixed; and the radial loading coil (243) is wound around the radial magnetic poles (242).

5. The combined test device for water-lubricated radial bearings and thrust bearings simulating actual sea surface working conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: Sensing brackets (25) are provided at both ends of the radial test bearing seat (21), and eddy current sensors (26) are respectively provided horizontally and vertically on the two sensing brackets (25) corresponding to the rotor (04).

6. The combined test device for water-lubricated radial bearings and thrust bearings simulating actual sea surface working conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotor (04) is provided with a plurality of circumferential outer grooves at both ends corresponding to the radial test bearing seat (21), and radial bearing sealing plates (22) are respectively fixed at both ends of the radial test bearing seat (21), and the inner edge of the sealing plate is provided with a circumferential inner groove adapted to the circumferential outer groove.

7. The combined test device for water-lubricated radial bearings and thrust bearings simulating actual sea surface working conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the rotor (04) is provided with a rotating thrust disk (31), the non-thrust surface of the rotating thrust disk (31) contacts the shaft shoulder of the rotor (04), the thrust water-lubricated test bearing (32) is located on the thrust surface of the rotating thrust disk (31), a gap is left between the thrust water-lubricated test bearing (32) and the rotating thrust disk (31), the thrust water-lubricated test bearing (32) is fixed to one side of the thrust loading disk (33), and the thrust loading disk (33) is fixed to the thrust loading disk (33). The outer edge of the disk (33) is slidably adapted to the inner cavity of the thrust test bearing seat (30); the other side of the thrust loading disk (33) is fixed to the one side of the silicon steel disk (34); the thrust electromagnetic loading mechanism (35) is located on the other side of the silicon steel disk (34); a gap is left between the thrust electromagnetic loading mechanism (35) and the silicon steel disk (34); and the thrust electromagnetic loading mechanism (35) is fixed to the inner cavity of the thrust test bearing seat (30).

8. The combined test device for water-lubricated radial bearings and thrust bearings simulating actual sea surface working conditions according to claim 7, characterized in that: The thrust electromagnetic loading mechanism (35) includes a thrust magnetic pole (352), a thrust loading coil (353) and a thrust loading base (351); the thrust magnetic pole (352) is circumferentially distributed on the disk surface of the thrust loading base (351); the thrust magnetic pole (352) is axially fixed relative to the thrust loading base (351); the thrust loading base (351) is fixed to the inner cavity of the thrust test bearing seat (30); and the thrust loading coil (353) is wound around the thrust magnetic pole (352).

9. The combined test device for water-lubricated radial bearings and thrust bearings simulating actual sea surface working conditions according to claim 8, characterized in that: A thrust mounting disc (38) is provided at the inner cavity end of the thrust test bearing seat (30), the thrust hydraulic loading mechanism (37) is fixed to the thrust mounting disc (38), and the output end of the thrust hydraulic loading mechanism (37) abuts against the other side of the thrust loading disc (33).

10. The combined test device for water-lubricated radial bearings and thrust bearings simulating actual sea surface working conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a lubrication water station. The bottom of the inner cavity of the bearing seat is provided with a water inlet hole, and the top of the inner cavity of the bearing seat is provided with a water return hole. The water inlet hole and the water return hole are connected to the lubrication water station.

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