Access method and device for low-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle communication

Abstract

The invention provides an access method and device for low-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle communication, and belongs to the technical field of wireless communication. In order to solve the problems of coupling of control signaling and service data, discontinuous coverage, high deployment cost, large energy consumption and the like in an existing low-altitude communication network, the invention provides a control and service separated network architecture, wide-area and stable control signal coverage is provided through a high tower control base station deployed at an urban commanding height, and when high-capacity data transmission is needed, the high-capacity data transmission is realized. An appropriate service base station is selected and activated based on the position of the unmanned aerial vehicle, channel state information and service requirements, and efficient transmission of user plane data is realized; the high tower control base station adopts a multi-layer and multi-sector antenna array and supports three-dimensional space signal coverage optimization; a service base station adopts a higher frequency band (such as a millimeter wave frequency band) and a large-scale MIMO technology, an adaptive three-dimensional beam forming module is integrated, the beam direction is dynamically adjusted in combination with an artificial intelligence prediction model, the communication quality is improved, and the switching time delay is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of wireless communication technology, and in particular to an access method and device for low-altitude UAV communication. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of drone technology, low-altitude airspace is gradually becoming an important carrier space for emerging applications such as smart cities, logistics and transportation, aerial photography and mapping.

[0003] As the core infrastructure supporting the communication, navigation and supervision of low-altitude aircraft, the low-altitude intelligent network aims to achieve high-reliability, low-latency, and high-capacity communication coverage in airspace below 1,000 meters. In related technologies, a preliminary solution for low-altitude communications has been constructed through the transformation of traditional cellular networks, three-dimensional beamforming, signal relay enhancement, and heterogeneous network integration. Specifically, the system covers the entire process from signal coverage optimization to resource scheduling and management, including key technical links such as antenna tilt adjustment, large-scale MIMO deployment, and the introduction of SDN architecture. However, in existing low-altitude communication methods, the cellular network architecture that directly couples control signaling with service data is used, without functional decoupling and on-demand resource allocation based on the low-altitude three-dimensional spatial mobility characteristics and service requirements. This may lead to problems such as discontinuous coverage, high deployment costs, and high network energy consumption, or a decline in service quality in high-density service scenarios, thereby affecting the safe operation and communication efficiency of low-altitude aircraft. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present application aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to a certain extent.

[0005] To this end, the first purpose of this application is to propose an access method for low-altitude UAV communications.

[0006] The second purpose of this application is to propose an access device for low-altitude UAV communications.

[0007] The third objective of this application is to provide an electronic device.

[0008] The fourth object of this application is to provide a computer-readable storage medium.

[0009] A fifth object of this application is to provide a computer program product.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the first embodiment of the present application proposes an access method for low-altitude UAV communication, including:

[0011] In response to the drone's initial network access request, anchor the drone to the nearest high-rise control base station, where the high-rise control base station provides basic always-on connection and control signaling interaction;

[0012] When the UAV needs to perform high-capacity data transmission, a suitable service base station is selected based on the UAV's location, channel state information, and service quality requirements; if the service base station is in a dormant state, the service base station is activated by the network-side control module;

[0013] The tower control base station acts as the source serving cell, coordinating and initiating a standard handover process to switch the connection of the drone to the service base station;

[0014] The service base station serves as a target serving cell, establishes a user plane data connection with the drone in response to the handover request, and provides a high-throughput data transmission service;

[0015] When the data session ends or the drone flies out of the coverage of the service base station, the network side control module switches the drone back to the tower control base station or to the next suitable service base station based on the current network status and drone location and channel status information.

[0016] To achieve the above objectives, the second embodiment of the present application proposes an access device for low-altitude UAV communication, including:

[0017] An anchoring and standby unit, configured to respond to an initial network access request from a drone and anchor the drone to the nearest high-rise control base station, wherein the high-rise control base station provides a basic always-online connection and control signaling interaction;

[0018] A service base station selection unit is configured to select a suitable service base station based on the location and channel state information of the UAV and the service quality requirements when the UAV needs to transmit high-capacity data; if the service base station is in a dormant state, activate the service base station through the network side control module;

[0019] A control base station coordination switching unit is used to use the high tower control base station as the source serving cell, coordinate and initiate a standard switching process, and switch the connection of the drone to the service base station;

[0020] a service data transmission unit, configured to use the service base station as a target serving cell, establish a user plane data connection with the drone in response to the handover request, and provide a high-throughput data transmission service;

[0021] The mobile switching unit is used to switch the drone back to the tower control base station or to the next suitable service base station according to the current network status, drone location and channel status information when the data session ends or the drone flies out of the coverage of the service base station.

[0022] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, a third embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, comprising: a processor, and a memory communicatively connected to the processor;

[0023] The memory stores computer-executable instructions;

[0024] The processor executes the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory to implement the method as described in any one of the first aspects.

[0025] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the fourth embodiment of the present application proposes a computer-readable storage medium, which stores computer-executable instructions. When the computer-executable instructions are executed by a processor, they are used to implement the method as described in any one of the first aspects.

[0026] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the fifth embodiment of the present application proposes a computer program product, which implements any one of the methods in the first aspect when executed by a processor.

[0027] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this application bring at least the following beneficial effects:

[0028] 1. Agile coverage and cost-effectiveness: By separating "control coverage" from "service coverage," on-demand, precise coverage is achieved. Service base stations are activated only along drone flight paths and in certain hotspots to provide high-capacity communication services. This avoids the high cost of providing indiscriminate, high-quality coverage across the entire low-altitude area, while significantly reducing network energy consumption.

[0029] 2. High reliability and connection stability: The tower control base station provides wide, stable, and continuous control signal coverage, ensuring highly reliable connections for critical drone tasks such as flight control and telemetry. Furthermore, the tower control base station coordinates macro-level mobility management, reducing unnecessary handoffs and improving connection stability.

[0030] 3. High capacity and high-quality services: Agilely deployed service base stations can use advanced technologies such as millimeter wave, massive MIMO, and 3D beamforming to provide ultra-high-speed, low-latency data transmission services for drones in hotspots, meeting the needs of advanced applications such as high-definition image transmission.

[0031] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be given in part in the description below, and in part will become apparent from the description below, or will be learned through practice of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and easily understood from the following description of the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0033] Figure 1 A flowchart of an access method for low-altitude UAV communication provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a collaborative mechanism for an access method for low-altitude UAV communications provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of low-altitude signal coverage based on a super-cellular network architecture provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the antenna configuration of the high tower control base station provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The following describes in detail embodiments of the present application, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present application, and should not be construed as limiting the present application.

[0038] In order to solve the problems existing in the existing solutions, the present invention provides an access method for low-altitude UAV communication. Figure 1 This is a flow chart of an access method for low-altitude UAV communication provided by an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 As shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0039] Step 101: In response to an initial network access request from a drone, the drone is anchored to the nearest high-rise control base station, which provides basic always-on connection and control signaling interaction.

[0040] In the examples of this application, refer to Figure 2 Step 101 provides an efficient and stable communication access mechanism for low-altitude drones. Specifically, it includes: responding to a drone's initial network access request, anchoring the drone to the nearest high-rise control base station in its area. This high-rise control base station is designed to provide basic, always-on control signaling interaction capabilities and network access services for drones in low-altitude airspace, ensuring stable communication support for drones during the initial flight phase.

[0041] Reference Figure 3As a special type of control base station proposed in this application, the core goal of the high-tower control base station is to build a low-altitude communication network with wide coverage, stable access, and continuous signals. In the embodiment of the present application, the high-tower control base station is deployed at the commanding heights of the city, including but not limited to being installed on the top of a skyscraper, a high-tower ground building, and a tethered airship, etc. The typical value of its deployment height is 500-2000 meters. This type of deployment method can significantly reduce the signal obstruction caused by obstacles such as ground buildings and trees, and based on the line-of-sight dominant propagation path, effectively reduce the signal propagation loss and slow down the fast fading problem caused by the multipath effect, thereby achieving wide-area continuous coverage of the low-altitude airspace.

[0042] Reference Figure 4 In terms of antenna configuration, the high-tower control base station in the embodiment of the present application adopts a multi-layer, multi-sector antenna array structure. Specifically, uptilt antennas, horizontal antennas, and downtilt antennas are set at different heights of the tower to construct multiple stacked coverage areas in the vertical direction with coverage at different inclination angles. The uptilt antenna is usually deployed at a lower position on the tower body to cover the close-range blind spot directly below; the horizontal antenna is deployed in the middle layer to cover the medium and low altitude airspace; the downtilt antenna is located at a higher position to provide communication services to long-distance low-altitude areas. This three-dimensional, vertical sectorized deployment structure can focus the wireless signal energy to low-altitude areas at different altitudes, achieve seamless communication support for the conventional flight altitude of drones (tens to hundreds of meters), and avoid significant interference to high-altitude aircraft (such as civil aircraft, satellites) or ground users.

[0043] The embodiment of the present application may optionally add a blind spot antenna at the top or bottom of the tower to enhance the communication guarantee capability for the close-range area directly above or directly below.

[0044] In terms of wireless access frequency band selection, this application prefers to use low-frequency bands such as 900MHz or 2.5GHz, which are sub-6GHz. These frequency bands offer excellent diffraction and penetration capabilities, making them particularly suitable for wide-area coverage requirements in urban areas or complex terrain. Furthermore, refarming spectrum resources from macro base stations in existing GSM or 3G networks can significantly reduce the deployment cost of new base stations and improve resource utilization.

[0045] To enhance the flexibility and scalability of the system, the tower control base station in the embodiment of the present application is further equipped with a baseband processing module. The module is constructed as a domain-specific architecture (DSA) based on the RISC-V architecture, and has high programmability, software and hardware collaborative optimization capabilities, and support for multiple communication standards (such as 2G, 4G, 5G, and even future 6G). Through this architecture, the system can complete the adaptation and upgrade of future communication protocols through software, avoiding the cost and engineering interference caused by hardware replacement. Compared with traditional GPP (general-purpose processor), DSP or FPGA solutions, the RISC-V architecture has obvious advantages in flexibility, energy efficiency and system cost.

[0046] To sum up, the high-tower control base station provided in the embodiment of the present application significantly improves the network reliability and service continuity in the initial access stage of low-altitude drones through optimization in deployment methods, antenna structure, frequency band selection and core architecture, laying a solid communication foundation for subsequent high-capacity service access and switching.

[0047] Step 102: When the UAV needs to perform high-capacity data transmission, a suitable service base station is selected based on the UAV's location and channel status information and service quality requirements; if the service base station is in a dormant state, the service base station is activated by the network side control module.

[0048] In the embodiment of the present application, step 102 further improves the data service access mechanism for low-altitude drones, especially when the drone needs to perform high-capacity data transmission (such as high-definition video backhaul, lidar point cloud upload, large-scale remote sensing data synchronization, etc.), the present application proposes to provide high-bandwidth, low-latency wireless link support through the service base station.

[0049] In the present application, refer to Figure 3 The service base station is mainly responsible for high-speed, on-demand data transmission, and forms a functional complement with the always-on, low-frequency wide-area control function of the high-tower control base station. In the specific implementation, the selection process of the service base station relies on a comprehensive decision-making process based on parameters such as the current location and channel status information of the drone, service quality of service (QoS) requirements, and air network load status. Based on the above information, the network-side control module dynamically selects the most suitable base station from multiple service base stations deployed within the coverage area, and activates it to serve the current data request. If the target service base station is in a dormant or low-power state, the system can quickly wake it up through remote control to ensure the timeliness and continuity of the service.

[0050] In terms of deployment and communication frequency bands, the service base station in the embodiment of the present application preferably operates in the millimeter wave (mmWave) frequency band, such as 28GHz, 60GHz, etc. This high frequency band provides extremely wide available bandwidth (up to hundreds of megahertz to several gigahertz), enabling it to have extremely high data transmission rate capabilities, suitable for use scenarios of high-speed, high-data-volume terminals such as drones. By differentially deploying the control base station and the service base station in the frequency band (such as the control base station using Sub-6GHz and the service base station using millimeter wave), the potential interference between the control signaling and the service data is effectively isolated, thereby improving the overall reliability and transmission efficiency of the system.

[0051] To address the inherent high path loss and weak penetration of millimeter-wave signals, the service base station in the embodiment of the present application integrates a massive MIMO (Massive Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) antenna array. Typically, the number of integrated antennas can reach dozens or even hundreds, forming a highly controllable beamforming capability. The antenna array can generate an extremely narrow directional beam, concentrating energy transmission to the target drone location, thereby achieving a higher received signal-to-noise ratio within a limited power budget and significantly reducing interference to other drones or communication users in the surrounding low-altitude airspace.

[0052] Furthermore, the present application introduces an adaptive three-dimensional beamforming module. This module dynamically adjusts the beam direction in both the horizontal (azimuth) and vertical (pitch) directions based on the drone's real-time spatial position, flight attitude, and motion trends, enabling precise "aiming" and beam tracking capabilities. This module can significantly improve communication stability and service continuity, particularly in complex environments where drones are moving at high speed and have uncertain paths.

[0053] More importantly, to further reduce the control signaling overhead and switching latency caused by beam search and training, the adaptive beamforming module in the embodiment of the present application is optimized based on an artificial intelligence prediction model. This model uses inputs such as historical flight trajectories, channel state information, inertial navigation information, and scene map data to predict the drone's future motion path, channel state, and possible location, thereby completing beam scheduling and resource pre-configuration in advance. This predictive beamforming mechanism can effectively shorten the blind spot time window during beam alignment, improving service response speed and system resource utilization efficiency.

[0054] In terms of deployment strategy, the embodiments of this application propose a hybrid deployment approach that combines fixed and mobile services. Fixed service base stations can be deployed on top of high-rise buildings, power poles, signal towers, and other locations in cities to cover local high-demand areas. Mobile service base stations can be carried on aerial platforms such as drones, airships, and even satellites to achieve flexible response and dynamic blind spot filling in temporary high-density service hotspots, thereby improving the system's spatiotemporal adaptability and resource scheduling flexibility.

[0055] To summarize, the embodiments of the present application provide a high-throughput, low-latency, dynamically scalable data service transmission mechanism for low-altitude drones by constructing a service base station system based on millimeter-wave communication, AI-driven beamforming, and intelligent control scheduling, effectively meeting the stringent requirements for low-altitude communication networks in future smart cities, low-altitude economy, emergency response, and other fields.

[0056] In step 103, the tower control base station serves as the source serving cell, coordinates and initiates a standard handover process, and switches the connection of the drone to the service base station.

[0057] In the embodiment of the present application, step 103 further describes the coordinated switching mechanism between the high tower control base station and the service base station, ensuring that when the drone completes the initial access and needs to carry out high-capacity data services, it can smoothly and timely transition to a more suitable service base station for communication.

[0058] Specifically, after a drone completes its initial connection with a tower control base station, as its flight mission progresses, it may encounter high-bandwidth service requirements, such as real-time backhaul of high-definition images and upload of large-scale sensor data. At this point, the tower control base station, acting as the current source service cell, will assess whether a more suitable service base station exists based on information such as the drone's current spatial position, channel status, velocity vector, predicted flight trajectory, and target service type.

[0059] When the evaluation results show that there is a preferred service base station, the tower control base station in the embodiment of the present application will coordinate and initiate a standard wireless network switching process. The switching process can be based on the standardized switching protocols of the current cellular communication systems (such as LTE, 5G NR), such as X2 switching, NG interface switching, etc., and can also be optimized in combination with the slice scheduling mechanism in the future network architecture. During the entire switching process, the tower control base station will be responsible for completing the communication interaction with the core network (such as AMF, SMF and other control entities), triggering the switching preparation process, ensuring that the service base station is in an activated and serviceable state, and reserving sufficient wireless resources and scheduling resources for the drone.

[0060] Through the above mechanism, the high-tower control base station in the embodiment of this application not only provides basic communication services in the low-altitude airspace, but also has intelligent scheduling and link management functions. It can dynamically guide communication links to higher-performance data channels based on business scenarios, ensuring the multi-scenario communication quality and service experience of low-altitude drones. This step provides efficient and secure network support for building a "control-business separation" airspace communication system.

[0061] Step 104: The service base station serves as a target serving cell, establishes a user plane data connection with the UAV in response to the handover request, and provides a high-throughput data transmission service.

[0062] In the embodiment of the present application, step 104 describes in detail the role of the service base station in the switching process and the process of establishing a data connection between it and the drone, ensuring that high-bandwidth services can be carried out stably and efficiently in a low-altitude environment.

[0063] Specifically, after the tower control base station completes the initiation of the handover process described in step 103, the target service base station, as the recipient of the handover, that is, the new target serving cell, will respond to the handover request and start the process of establishing the user plane connection. The service base station in the embodiment of the present application supports standardized access and bearer management processes. For example, in the 5G system architecture, the construction of the session context, the establishment of the data channel and the allocation of resources can be completed through the corresponding RRC, NGAP, GTP-U and other protocols in the NG-RAN protocol stack.

[0064] After the user plane connection is successfully established, the service base station becomes the new serving cell of the drone and takes on the transmission task of all its high-throughput data services. Combined with the technical features of the service base station in the embodiment of this application, such as millimeter wave frequency band, large-scale MIMO array, adaptive three-dimensional beamforming and other capabilities, this connection will have the following advantages:

[0065] (1) High throughput guarantee: With the help of large-bandwidth millimeter wave spectrum resources and three-dimensional narrow beamforming technology, the service base station can provide drones with uplink and downlink data rates that far exceed conventional communication links, meeting typical application scenarios such as high-definition video backhaul, lidar point cloud synchronization, and AI model inference result backhaul.

[0066] (2) Enhanced link stability: Through dynamic beam tracking and artificial intelligence prediction mechanisms, the service base station can continuously adjust the beam direction and power during the flight of the drone, maintain the stability of the communication link and a high signal-to-noise ratio, and avoid frequent disconnection or reconstruction due to the complex propagation environment in the airspace.

[0067] (3) Control plane collaboration: Although control signaling is mainly carried by the high-tower control base station, after the handover, the target service base station also has a certain control plane takeover capability to handle the context maintenance, resource scheduling and QoS management functions required by the current data service of the drone, thereby forming a local coupling of the control plane and the user plane, improving service continuity and response efficiency.

[0068] It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present application, in order to ensure the robustness of the control link, even if the drone switches to the service base station for high-capacity data service transmission, the original high-tower control base station can still exist as an auxiliary link to receive emergency control signaling, monitor the status of the drone, or provide a quick fallback path when the coverage capability of the service base station decreases.

[0069] In summary, the embodiment of the present application realizes complete access and data service takeover of the drone by the service base station in step 104, thereby constructing a communication architecture with high throughput, high stability and dynamic adaptability in a low-altitude environment, providing a solid network foundation and service guarantee for the smooth execution of complex drone tasks.

[0070] Step 105: When the data session ends or the drone flies out of the coverage of the service base station, the network side control module switches the drone back to the tower control base station or switches to the next suitable service base station based on the current network status and drone location and channel status information.

[0071] In the embodiment of the present application, step 105 further improves the dynamic management and closed-loop switching mechanism of the low-altitude UAV communication system, ensuring that the UAV can promptly and safely fall back or reselect the access point when the data service ends or the network environment changes, thereby maintaining the continuity of the communication link and the optimal energy efficiency of the overall network operation.

[0072] Specifically, when a drone completes a high-capacity data service session (such as video streaming, image upload, or task file synchronization), or when its flight trajectory exceeds the signal coverage of an existing service base station, the system needs to re-evaluate its access path. At this point, the network-side control module makes a handover decision based on factors such as the current network topology, service base station load status, tower control base station availability, and the drone's real-time location, channel status, and motion status.

[0073] If the area where the drone is located is still within the effective coverage range of the high-tower control base station and there is no temporary demand for high data rates, the embodiment of the present application recommends switching it back to the high-tower control base station to restore the basic always-online control signaling access state; if there is another service base station with better coverage or a better match for the current service on the subsequent path of the drone, the control module can directly initiate the switching process and transfer it to the next service base station, thereby realizing the "inter-service base station assisted" coverage strategy.

[0074] Furthermore, the present application's embodiments specifically emphasize a "network energy consumption optimization" mechanism. When the system detects a low number of drones or low service request intensity within a geographic area, the control module can proactively switch some service base stations within the area to a dormant or low-power standby state, thereby reducing energy consumption, extending equipment life, and minimizing resource waste. This mechanism utilizes network-led control, independent of terminal initiative, and offers excellent network autonomy and scalability.

[0075] Importantly, this dynamic switching and energy optimization strategy is completely transparent to the drone terminal. In this embodiment of the application, the drone only needs to follow the standard communication protocol to execute the switching control instructions issued by the network, without any custom operations or complex judgments, thus ensuring the simplicity and versatility of the terminal communication logic.

[0076] It should be noted that in order to adapt to the aforementioned "control-service separation, dual-layer base station collaboration" architecture, this application proposes that drone terminals must have dual-band communication capabilities, that is, the RF front-end and antenna module should be able to simultaneously support the low-band (such as Sub-6 GHz) signals used by high-tower control base stations and the high-band (such as millimeter wave) signals used by service base stations. This capability will significantly enhance the communication flexibility and service continuity of drones in multi-base station, multi-service scenarios.

[0077] To summarize, the embodiment of the present application proposes an intelligent reselection and energy consumption management mechanism based on network load perception and terminal behavior prediction in step 105, which realizes dynamic scheduling, resource energy saving and service transparency guarantee throughout the life cycle of drone communication, and provides key support for the efficient operation and large-scale deployment of low-altitude communication networks.

[0078] To implement the above embodiment, this application also proposes an access device for low-altitude UAV communication. The device includes:

[0079] An anchoring and standby unit, configured to respond to an initial network access request from a drone and anchor the drone to the nearest high-rise control base station, wherein the high-rise control base station provides a basic always-online connection and control signaling interaction;

[0080] A service base station selection unit is configured to select a suitable service base station based on the location and channel state information of the UAV and the service quality requirements when the UAV needs to transmit high-capacity data; if the service base station is in a dormant state, activate the service base station through the network side control module;

[0081] A control base station coordination switching unit is used to use the high tower control base station as the source serving cell, coordinate and initiate a standard switching process, and switch the connection of the drone to the service base station;

[0082] a service data transmission unit, configured to use the service base station as a target serving cell, establish a user plane data connection with the drone in response to the handover request, and provide a high-throughput data transmission service;

[0083] The mobile switching unit is used to switch the drone back to the tower control base station or to the next suitable service base station according to the current network status, drone location and channel status information when the data session ends or the drone flies out of the coverage of the service base station.

[0084] Regarding the apparatus in the above embodiment, the specific manner in which each module performs operations has been described in detail in the embodiment of the method, and will not be elaborated here.

[0085] In order to implement the above embodiments, the present application also proposes an electronic device, comprising: a processor, and a memory communicatively connected to the processor; the memory stores computer-executable instructions; the processor executes the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory to implement the method provided by the above embodiments.

[0086] In order to implement the above embodiments, the present application also proposes a computer-readable storage medium, in which computer-executable instructions are stored. When the computer-executable instructions are executed by a processor, they are used to implement the methods provided by the above embodiments.

[0087] In order to implement the above embodiments, the present application also proposes a computer program product, including a computer program, which implements the methods provided by the above embodiments when executed by a processor.

[0088] The collection, storage, use, processing, transmission, provision and disclosure of user personal information involved in this application are in compliance with relevant laws and regulations and do not violate public order and good morals.

[0089] It is important to note that personal information collected from users should be used for legitimate and reasonable purposes and should not be shared or sold beyond these legitimate uses. Furthermore, such collection / sharing should be conducted only after receiving the user's informed consent, including but not limited to notifying the user to read the user agreement / user notice and sign an agreement / authorization that includes the relevant user information before using the feature. Furthermore, any necessary steps must be taken to safeguard and secure access to such personal information and ensure that others with access to personal information comply with its privacy policy and procedures.

[0090] This application contemplates providing implementations that allow users to selectively block the use or access of personal information data. Specifically, this disclosure contemplates providing hardware and / or software to prevent or block access to such personal information data. Risks can be minimized by limiting data collection and deleting data once it is no longer needed. Furthermore, where applicable, such personal information can be de-identified to protect user privacy.

[0091] In the descriptions of the foregoing embodiments, the reference terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, unless they are mutually inconsistent.

[0092] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. Throughout the description of this application, "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0093] Any process or method description in a flowchart or otherwise described herein may be understood to represent a module, segment or portion of code comprising one or more executable instructions for implementing the steps of a custom logical function or process, and the scope of the preferred embodiments of the present application includes alternative implementations in which functions may be performed out of the order shown or discussed, including performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in the reverse order depending on the functions involved, which should be understood by those skilled in the art to which the embodiments of the present application belong.

[0094] The logic and / or steps represented in the flowcharts or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as a sequenced list of executable instructions for implementing the logical functions, and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device (e.g., a computer-based system, a system including a processor, or other system that can fetch and execute instructions from an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device). For purposes of this specification, a "computer-readable medium" can be any device that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transport a program for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of computer-readable media include the following: an electrical connection with one or more wires (electronic devices), a portable computer disk cartridge (magnetic device), random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable and programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), fiber optic devices, and a portable compact disc read-only memory (CDROM). Furthermore, the computer-readable medium may even be paper or other suitable medium on which the program is printed, since the program may be obtained electronically, for example, by optically scanning the paper or other medium and then editing, interpreting or processing it in another suitable manner if necessary, and then storing it in a computer memory.

[0095] It should be understood that various parts of the present application can be implemented using hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, multiple steps or methods can be implemented using software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented using hardware, as in another embodiment, any one of the following technologies known in the art or a combination thereof can be used to implement: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function on a data signal, an application-specific integrated circuit having a suitable combination of logic gate circuits, a programmable gate array (PGA), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc.

[0096] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps in the method of the above embodiment can be completed by instructing related hardware through a program, and the program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the program is executed, it includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiment.

[0097] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present application may be integrated into a processing module, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into a module. The above-mentioned integrated module may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional module. If the integrated module is implemented in the form of a software functional module and sold or used as an independent product, it may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.

[0098] The storage medium mentioned above may be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, etc. Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present application. Persons skilled in the art may make changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

[0099] It should be understood that the various forms of the processes shown above can be used to reorder, add, or delete steps. For example, the steps described in this application can be performed in parallel, sequentially, or in a different order, as long as the desired results of the technical solution of this application can be achieved. This is not limited herein.

[0100] The above specific embodiments do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this application. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions may be made based on design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application shall be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A method for accessing low-altitude UAV communications, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: In response to the drone's initial network access request, anchor the drone to the nearest high-rise control base station, where the high-rise control base station provides basic always-on connection and control signaling interaction; When the UAV needs to perform high-capacity data transmission, a suitable service base station is selected based on the UAV's location, channel state information, and service quality requirements; if the service base station is in a dormant state, the service base station is activated by the network-side control module; The tower control base station acts as the source serving cell, coordinating and initiating a standard handover process to switch the connection of the drone to the service base station; The service base station serves as a target serving cell, establishes a user plane data connection with the drone in response to the handover request, and provides a high-throughput data transmission service; When the data session ends or the drone flies out of the coverage of the service base station, the network side control module switches the drone back to the tower control base station or to the next suitable service base station based on the current network status and drone location and channel status information.

2. The access method according to claim 1, wherein: The high-tower control base station is deployed at the commanding heights of the city, including installations on the tops of skyscrapers, high-tower ground buildings, and tethered airships. The typical deployment height is 500-2000 meters. The high-tower control base station adopts a multi-layer, multi-sector antenna array, and each layer of antenna has a different tilt angle to form multiple stacked coverage areas in the vertical direction, thereby achieving wide-area seamless coverage of low-altitude three-dimensional space.

3. The access method according to claim 2, wherein: The multi-layer, multi-sector antenna array includes uptilt antennas, horizontal antennas and downtilt antennas. The uptilt antennas are deployed at a lower altitude to cover the area directly below the base station; the horizontal antennas are deployed at a mid-level altitude to cover low-altitude airspace at medium altitude; and the downtilt antennas are deployed at a higher altitude to cover low-altitude areas far away from the base station.

4. The access method according to claim 3, wherein: The tower control base station also includes a baseband processing module, which is based on a domain-specific architecture of the RISC-V architecture to achieve compatibility with multiple communication standards and support software upgrades for future communication standards.

5. The access method according to claim 1, wherein: The service base station uses a higher frequency band for data transmission, and the higher frequency band includes a millimeter wave band; the service base station integrates a large-scale MIMO antenna array to generate a narrow beam to improve signal gain and reduce interference.

6. The access method according to claim 5, wherein: The service base station further includes an adaptive three-dimensional beamforming module for dynamically adjusting the beam direction according to the flight trajectory of the drone. The adaptive three-dimensional beamforming module performs beam optimization based on an artificial intelligence prediction model to reduce switching delay and signaling overhead.

7. An access device for low-altitude UAV communication, characterized in that: include: An anchoring and standby unit, configured to respond to an initial network access request from a drone and anchor the drone to the nearest high-rise control base station, wherein the high-rise control base station provides a basic always-online connection and control signaling interaction; A service base station selection unit is configured to select a suitable service base station based on the location and channel state information of the UAV and the service quality requirements when the UAV needs to transmit high-capacity data; if the service base station is in a dormant state, activate the service base station through the network side control module; A control base station coordination switching unit is used to use the high tower control base station as the source serving cell, coordinate and initiate a standard switching process, and switch the connection of the drone to the service base station; a service data transmission unit, configured to use the service base station as a target serving cell, establish a user plane data connection with the drone in response to the handover request, and provide a high-throughput data transmission service; The mobile switching unit is used to switch the drone back to the tower control base station or to the next suitable service base station according to the current network status, drone location and channel status information when the data session ends or the drone flies out of the coverage of the service base station.

8. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: a processor, and a memory communicatively connected to the processor; The memory stores computer-executable instructions; The processor executes the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory to implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, which are used to implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 when executed by a processor.

10. A computer program product, characterized in that The invention comprises a computer program, which implements the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 when the computer program is executed by a processor.

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