Circularly polarized antenna unit and control method thereof, circularly polarized antenna and communication equipment

Abstract

A circularly polarized antenna unit and a control method thereof, a circularly polarized antenna and a communication device method, the circularly polarized antenna unit comprising: a substrate having a plurality of metal through holes; the radiation sheet is located on the surface of one side of the substrate, and the radiation sheet is used for radiating circularly polarized electromagnetic waves to the outside; the plurality of metal through holes are distributed in the substrate at intervals and around the radiation sheet; the reflecting plate is located on the face, away from the radiation sheet, of the substrate, the reflecting plate is provided with an annular gap groove, and the circle center of the annular gap groove and the center of the pattern formed by the metal through holes coincide with the center of the radiation sheet; the orthographic projection of the circular slot on the substrate is located between the orthographic projection of the radiation sheet on the substrate and the plurality of metal through holes.

Description

Circularly polarized antenna unit and control method thereof, circularly polarized antenna and communication equipment Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of communications, and in particular to a circularly polarized antenna unit and a control method thereof, a circularly polarized antenna, and a communications device. Background Art

[0002] In the field of communications, as communication resources become increasingly saturated, operating frequencies are gradually developing towards high frequencies, which places higher requirements on the signal transmission distance and coverage range of dual circularly polarized antennas.

[0003] The signal transmission distance and coverage range of a circularly polarized antenna are determined by its 3dB beamwidth. Therefore, how to increase the 3dB beamwidth of a circularly polarized antenna unit has become a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently.

[0004] Summary of the Invention

[0005] The embodiments of the present disclosure provide a circularly polarized antenna unit and a control method thereof, a circularly polarized antenna, and a communication device to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] In a first aspect, to solve the above technical problems, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a circularly polarized antenna unit, including:

[0007] a substrate having a plurality of metal through-holes;

[0008] a radiation plate located on one side surface of the substrate, the radiation plate being used to radiate circularly polarized electromagnetic waves; the plurality of metal through holes being spaced apart and distributed within the substrate and around the radiation plate;

[0009] A reflective plate is located on a side of the substrate away from the radiation sheet, the reflective plate having a circular gap groove, and the center of the circular gap groove and the center of the pattern composed of the multiple metal through holes coincide with the center of the radiation sheet, and the orthographic projection of the circular gap groove on the substrate is located between the orthographic projection of the radiation sheet on the substrate and the multiple metal through holes.

[0010] In some embodiments, the radiation plate has at least one slit groove, which surrounds the radiation plate and is located in the edge area of ​​the radiation plate, and the slit groove is discontinuous; wherein the radiation plate has a circular central area and the edge area, and the edge area surrounds the central area.

[0011] In some embodiments, the slit groove includes a plurality of sub-slit grooves arranged at intervals.

[0012] In some embodiments, when the shape of the radiation plate is circular, the shape of the sub-slot is arc-shaped; the radiation plate has two slots with different radii and the same central angle of the sub-slot;

[0013] The distribution positions of the two overlapping sub-slots in the two slots differ by 45°.

[0014] In some embodiments, the ratio of the radius of the radiation sheet to the radius and the width of the two slots is:

[0015] R1:R2:R3:W1=1:0.78~0.87:0.65~0.71:0.065~0.13;

[0016] Wherein, R1 is the radius of the radiation plate, R2 and R3 are the radii of the slots farthest and closest to the center of the radiation plate respectively, and W1 is the width of the two slots.

[0017] In some embodiments, the central angle of the sub-slit groove ranges from 68° to 82°.

[0018] In some embodiments, an angle formed by connecting the centers of two adjacent metal through holes and the orthographic projection of the center of the radiation plate on the substrate is less than or equal to 30°.

[0019] In some embodiments, the ratio of the radius of the radiation sheet to the radius of the circular pattern formed by the plurality of metal through holes to the radius of the metal through holes is:

[0020] R1:R4:R5=1:1.36~1.9:0.25~0.39;

[0021] Wherein, R1 is the radius of the radiation plate, R4 is the radius of the circular pattern formed by the plurality of metal through holes, and R5 is the radius of the metal through hole.

[0022] In some embodiments, the circularly polarized antenna unit further includes:

[0023] The metal parasitic ring is arranged in the same layer and concentrically with the radiation piece, and the radiation piece is located inside the metal parasitic ring.

[0024] In some embodiments, when the radiation sheet is circular, the ratio of the radius of the radiation sheet to the inner radius and outer radius of the metal parasitic ring is:

[0025] R1:R6:R7=1:1.36~1.69:1.43~1.75;

[0026] Wherein, R1 is the radius of the radiation plate, R6 is the inner radius of the metal parasitic ring, and R7 is the outer radius of the metal parasitic ring.

[0027] In some embodiments, the circularly polarized antenna unit further includes:

[0028] Two coaxial feed ports, the orthographic projections of the two coaxial feed ports on the radiating plate being located in the central area and not overlapping with the center of the radiating plate, and being electrically connected to the radiating plate; wherein the amplitudes of the feeds loaded on the two coaxial feed ports are the same but the phases are different;

[0029] The angle formed by the center of the two coaxial feeding ports and the line connecting the center of the central area is 90°.

[0030] In some embodiments, when the radiation plate is circular, the ratio of the radius of the radiation plate to the radius of the coaxial feeding port is 1:0.13-0.2.

[0031] In some embodiments, when the radiation sheet is circular, the ratio of the radius of the radiation sheet to the radius and width of the annular gap groove is:

[0032] R1:R8:W2=1:1.29~1.48:0.1~0.15;

[0033] Wherein, R8 is the radius of the annular gap groove, and W2 is the width of the annular gap groove.

[0034] In some embodiments, the side lengths of the substrate and the reflective plate are the same and are 0.5 times the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave.

[0035] In some embodiments, when the radiation sheet is circular, the ratio of the radius of the radiation sheet to the thickness of the substrate is 1:0.78-0.8.

[0036] In a second aspect, the present disclosure provides a control method for the circularly polarized antenna unit according to the first aspect, comprising:

[0037] Feed signals with the same amplitude but a phase difference of 90° or -90° are loaded on the two coaxial feeding ports, so that the circularly polarized feeding unit generates dual circularly polarized electromagnetic waves.

[0038] In a third aspect, the present disclosure provides a circularly polarized antenna, comprising:

[0039] A plurality of circularly polarized antenna units as described in the first aspect arranged in an array;

[0040] The center distance between adjacent circularly polarized antenna units is 1 / 2 of the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave.

[0041] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a communication device, comprising the circularly polarized antenna as described in the third aspect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a circularly polarized antenna unit provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0043] FIG2 is a top view of a circularly polarized antenna unit provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0044] FIG3 is a bottom view of a circularly polarized antenna unit provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0045] 4 to 6 are schematic structural diagrams of a radiation sheet provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0046] FIG7 is a top view of another circularly polarized antenna unit provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0047] FIG8 is a schematic structural diagram of another circularly polarized antenna unit provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0048] FIG9 is a bottom view of another circularly polarized antenna unit provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0049] FIG10 is a cross-sectional view of a circularly polarized antenna unit provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0050] FIG11 is a diagram showing a reflection coefficient simulation result of a circularly polarized antenna unit provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0051] FIG12 is a diagram showing simulation results of an axial ratio parameter of a circularly polarized antenna unit provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0052] FIG13 is a schematic diagram of a 3 dB beam width of a circularly polarized antenna element array provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0053] FIG14 is a schematic structural diagram of a circularly polarized antenna provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0054] FIG15 is a gain diagram of a circularly polarized antenna at different azimuth angles provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0055] Reference numerals: substrate 1 , metal through hole 11 , radiation plate 2 , reflection plate 3 , annular slot 31 , slot 21 , edge region 2 b , central region 2 a , sub-slot 211 , parasitic ring 4 , coaxial feed port 5 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] The embodiments of the present disclosure provide a circularly polarized antenna unit and a control method thereof, a circularly polarized antenna, and a communication device to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art.

[0057] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present disclosure more obvious and easy to understand, the present disclosure will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. However, the example embodiments can be implemented in various forms and should not be understood as being limited to the embodiments set forth herein; on the contrary, these embodiments are provided to make the present disclosure more comprehensive and complete, and to fully convey the concepts of the example embodiments to those skilled in the art. The same figure marks in the figures represent the same or similar structures, and their repeated descriptions will be omitted. The words expressing position and direction described in the present disclosure are all explained using the accompanying drawings as examples, but changes can be made as needed, and all changes are included in the scope of protection of the present disclosure. The drawings of the present disclosure are only used to illustrate relative position relationships and do not represent true proportions.

[0058] It should be noted that specific details are set forth in the following description to facilitate a full understanding of the present disclosure. However, the present disclosure can be implemented in a variety of ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present disclosure. Therefore, the present disclosure is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below. The subsequent description of the specification is a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, but the description is for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the present disclosure and is not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. The scope of protection of the present disclosure shall be as defined by the appended claims.

[0059] A circularly polarized antenna unit and a control method thereof, a circularly polarized antenna, and a communication device provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0060] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3. Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a circularly polarized antenna unit provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 2 is a top view of a circularly polarized antenna unit provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 3 is a bottom view of a circularly polarized antenna unit provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. The circularly polarized antenna unit includes:

[0061] The substrate 1 has a plurality of metal through-holes 11 ; the substrate 1 may be a substrate with a high dielectric constant, such as a substrate with a dielectric constant greater than or equal to 10.1.

[0062] In the embodiment provided in the present disclosure, by setting the substrate 1 as a substrate with a high dielectric constant, the circularly polarized antenna unit can have a smaller size, which facilitates miniaturization of the antenna size.

[0063] The radiation plate 2 is located on one side surface of the substrate 1 and is used to radiate circularly polarized electromagnetic waves to the outside; multiple metal through holes 11 are spaced apart in the substrate 1 and around the radiation plate 2; the radiation plate 2 can be circular, triangular, quadrilateral (such as rectangular), or elliptical.

[0064] Reflector 3 is located on the side of substrate 1 facing away from radiating plate 2. It has a circular slot 31. The center of slot 31 and the center of the pattern of metal vias 11 coincide with the center of radiating plate 2. The orthographic projection of slot 31 on substrate 1 is located between the orthographic projection of radiating plate 2 on substrate 1 and the metal vias 11. Reflector 3 is a conductor and grounded, reflecting electromagnetic waves.

[0065] Since the reflector 3 can reflect the electromagnetic waves on the back of the radiation piece 2 to the front of the radiation piece 2, the antenna gain can be significantly increased. However, at the same time, the 3dB beam width of the antenna composed of the above-mentioned circularly polarized antenna unit will be relatively reduced. Providing an annular slot 31 on the reflector 3 can appropriately reduce the antenna gain and increase the 3dB beam width. Moreover, by providing a plurality of metal through holes 11 in the substrate 1 and coinciding the center of the pattern composed of the plurality of metal through holes 11 with the center of the annular slot 31 and the radiation piece 2, the transmission path of the electromagnetic wave in the substrate 1 can be regulated by the metal through holes 11, and the energy distribution of the electromagnetic wave coupled to the radiation piece 2 can be changed, so that part of the energy coupled from the substrate 1 to the radiation piece 2 is concentrated on the edge of the radiation piece 2, thereby widening the 3dB beam width.

[0066] In the embodiment provided in the present disclosure, a plurality of metal through holes 11 are provided on the substrate 1 and are spaced apart around the radiation plate 2, and an annular slot groove 31 is provided on the reflection plate 3, so that the orthographic projection of the annular slot groove 31 on the substrate 1 is located between the orthographic projection of the radiation plate 2 and the plurality of metal through holes 11, and the center of the radiation plate 2 coincides with the center of the pattern composed of the plurality of metal through holes 11 and the orthographic projection of the center of the annular slot groove 31 on the substrate 1. The annular slot groove 31 and the plurality of metal through holes 11 can be used to change the energy distribution of the circularly polarized electromagnetic waves generated by the radiation plate 2, thereby effectively widening the 3dB beam width and frequency range of the circularly polarized antenna unit.

[0067] Figures 4-6 illustrate the structure of a radiating plate according to an embodiment of the present invention. The radiating plate 2 includes at least one slot 21, which surrounds the plate and is located in an edge region 2b of the plate. The slots 21 are discontinuous. The radiating plate 2 includes a central region 2a and an edge region 2b, with the edge region 2b surrounding the central region 2a. The slot 21 includes a plurality of sub-slots 211 spaced apart from each other.

[0068] A slot in the radiation sheet 2 is composed of at least two sub-slots. Figure 4 shows that a rectangular radiation sheet 2 contains a slot 21, and Figure 5 shows that a circular radiation sheet 2 contains a slot 21; as shown in Figure 6, the radiation sheet 2 can also include two slots 21, or more slots 21, without specific limitation.

[0069] In the embodiment provided in the present disclosure, by setting at least one slot groove 21 in the edge area 2b of the radiation plate 2 and allowing at least one slot groove 21 to surround the radiation plate 2, and both are located in the edge area 2b of the radiation plate 2, the slot groove 21 is in a discontinuous state, and different resonance points can be set to broaden the operating frequency of the circularly polarized antenna unit, thereby broadening the bandwidth of the circularly polarized antenna unit.

[0070] 6 , when the shape of the radiation piece 2 is circular, the shape of the sub-slot groove 211 is arc-shaped; the radiation piece 2 has two slot grooves 21 with different radii and the same central angle of the sub-slot grooves 211;

[0071] The distribution positions of the two overlapping sub-slots 211 in the two slots 21 differ by 45°.

[0072] Generally, rectangular radiators 2 are easy to manufacture and process, making them suitable for mass production. They have a wide operating frequency band, but due to edge effects and radiation losses, they have relatively low radiation efficiency and strong radiation directivity, making them unsuitable for omnidirectional applications. Triangular radiators 2 have relatively high radiation efficiency and low radiation losses, resulting in a wide operating frequency band, but they have strong radiation directivity and are unsuitable for omnidirectional applications. Circular radiators 2 not only have relatively high radiation efficiency and low radiation losses, but also have good omnidirectional radiation characteristics, making them suitable for omnidirectional applications.

[0073] The central angle of the slot 21 farthest from the center O of the radiation plate 2 is α, and the central angle of the slot 21 closest to the center O of the radiation plate 2 is β, where α=β. The values ​​of α and β range from 68° to 82°.

[0074] In the embodiment provided in the present disclosure, by setting the radiation plate 2 to a circular shape, and setting two slot grooves 21 with different radii in the edge area 2b of the radiation plate 2, and making the distribution positions of the two overlapping sub-slot grooves 211 in the two slot grooves 21 differ by 45°, not only can the circularly polarized radiation unit have better omnidirectional radiation, but also the circularly polarized radiation unit can have two resonance points at different positions, thereby further broadening the bandwidth and frequency range of the circularly polarized radiation unit, and improving the gain of the circularly polarized radiation unit.

[0075] Continuing with Figure 6, the radius of the radiation plate 2 is R1, the radius of the slot 21 farthest from the center O of the radiation plate 2 is R2, the central angle of the annular slot is α, and the length of the annular slot is L3; the radius of the slot 21 closest to the center O of the radiation plate 2 is R3, the central angle of the annular slot is β, and the length of the annular slot is L4; where α = β. The ratio of the radius of the radiation plate 2 to the radius of the two slots 21 and the slot width is:

[0076] R1:R2:R3:W1=1:0.78~0.87:0.65~0.71:0.065~0.13;

[0077] R1 is the radius of the radiation plate 2 , R2 and R3 are the radii of the slots 21 farthest and closest to the center of the radiation plate 2 , respectively, and W1 is the width of the two slots 21 .

[0078] L3 = α × π × R2 / 180°, L4 = β × π × R3 / 180°, since α = β, therefore L3:L4 = R2: R3, R1: R2: R3: W1: L3: L4 = 1: 0.78 ~ 0.87: 0.65 ~ 0.71: 0.065 ~ 0.13: 1 ~ 1.1: 1.2 ~ 1.3.

[0079] Continuing with FIG2 , the pattern formed by the plurality of metal vias 11 can be a circular pattern, wherein the angle θ formed by the center points O' of two adjacent metal vias 11 and the orthographic projection of the center O of the radiating plate 2 on the substrate 1 is less than or equal to 30°. In FIG2 , the radiating plate 2 is a circular radiating plate, and the center of the radiating plate 2 is the center of the circle.

[0080] In the embodiment provided in the present disclosure, the pattern formed by the multiple metal through holes 11 can be a circular pattern, and the angle θ formed by connecting the center O' of two adjacent metal through holes 11 and the orthographic projection of the center O of the radiation plate 2 on the substrate 1 is less than or equal to 30°. The transmission path of the electromagnetic wave in the substrate 1 can be uniformly regulated, so that the energy distribution of the electromagnetic wave coupled to the radiation plate 2 is uniform, thereby achieving the purpose of 3DB beam broadening.

[0081] The ratio of the radius R1 of the circular radiation plate 2, the radius R4 of the circular pattern formed by the plurality of metal through holes 11, and the radius R5 of the metal through hole 11 is:

[0082] R1:R4:R5=1:1.36~1.9:0.25~0.39;

[0083] R1 is the radius of the circular radiation plate 2 , R4 is the radius of the circular pattern formed by the plurality of metal through holes 11 , and R5 is the radius of the metal through hole 11 .

[0084] In the embodiment provided in the present disclosure, by forming a circular pattern of multiple metal through holes 11 and controlling the angle θ formed by connecting the center O' of two adjacent metal through holes 11 and the orthographic projection of the center O of the circular radiation plate 2 on the substrate 1 to be less than or equal to 30°, the energy of the electromagnetic wave can still be radiated outward through the multiple metal through holes 11, thereby effectively widening the 3dB beam width.

[0085] Continuing to refer to FIG3 , the ratio of the radius of the circular radiation piece 2 to the radius and width of the annular gap groove 31 is:

[0086] R1:R8:W2=1:1.29~1.48:0.1~0.15;

[0087] Wherein, R8 is the radius of the annular gap groove 31 , and W2 is the width of the annular gap groove 31 .

[0088] In some embodiments, the substrate 1 and the reflector 3 can be square, with the sides of the substrate 1 and the reflector 3 being the same length and being 0.5 times the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave. As shown in FIG1 , the side length of the substrate 1 is L1, the side length of the reflector 3 is L2, and the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave is λ, where L1 = L2 = 0.5λ.

[0089] In the embodiment provided in the present disclosure, by setting the side lengths of the substrate 1 and the reflector 3 to 0.5 times the length of the electromagnetic wave, when the array antenna is formed using the upper circularly polarized antenna unit, the center distance between two adjacent circularly polarized antenna units in the array can be set to 0.5 times the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave, thereby preventing the array antenna from having grating lobes due to the large spacing between the circularly polarized antenna units, thereby affecting the scanning performance of the array antenna.

[0090] As shown in FIG1 and FIG2 , the ratio of the radius of the circular radiation piece 2 to the thickness of the substrate 1 is R1:h1=1:0.78-0.8;

[0091] Wherein, R1 is the radius of the circular radiation piece 2 , and h1 is the thickness of the substrate 1 .

[0092] In the embodiment provided in the present disclosure, by setting the ratio of the radius of the circular radiation plate 2 to the thickness of the substrate 1 to R1:h1=1:0.78~0.8, the electrical performance parameters of the circularly polarized antenna unit, such as the reflection coefficient S11 and gain, can be improved.

[0093] Please refer to Figure 7 for a top view of another circularly polarized antenna unit provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. The circularly polarized antenna unit also includes:

[0094] The metal parasitic ring 4 is provided in the same layer and concentrically with the radiation piece 2 , and the radiation piece 2 is located inside the metal parasitic ring 4 .

[0095] The ratio of the radius of the circular radiation piece 2 to the inner radius and outer radius of the metal parasitic ring 4 is:

[0096] R1:R6:R7=1:1.36~1.69:1.43~1.75;

[0097] Wherein, R1 is the radius of the circular radiation piece 2 , R6 is the inner radius of the metal parasitic ring 4 , and R7 is the outer radius of the metal parasitic ring 4 .

[0098] In the embodiment provided in the present disclosure, a metal parasitic ring 4 surrounding the radiation plate 2 is arranged on the same layer as the radiation plate 2, and a circular induced electric field is generated on the metal parasitic ring 4, thereby effectively improving the circular polarization performance of the circular polarization antenna unit and making the axial ratio of the circular polarization antenna unit less than 3dB.

[0099] Please refer to Figures 8 and 9. Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another circularly polarized antenna unit provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure, and Figure 9 is a bottom view of another circularly polarized antenna unit provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. The circularly polarized antenna unit also includes:

[0100] Two coaxial feed ports 5, the orthographic projections of the two coaxial feed ports 5 on the radiating plate 2 are located in the central area 2a and do not overlap with the center of the radiating plate 2, and are electrically connected to the radiating plate 2; wherein the amplitudes of the feeds loaded on the two coaxial feed ports 5 are the same but the phases are different;

[0101] The angle γ formed by the center of the two coaxial feed ports 5 and the line connecting the center of the central area 2a is 90°. The reflector 3 and the substrate 1 each have two through holes, and the two coaxial feed ports 5 pass through the two through holes in the reflector 3 and the substrate 1 to electrically connect to the radiation plate 2.

[0102] In the embodiment provided in the present disclosure, by providing two coaxial feed ports 5 in the circularly polarized antenna unit, and making the angle formed by the center of the two coaxial feed ports 5 and the line connecting the center of the central area 2a 90°, the two coaxial feed ports 5 are loaded with feeds with the same amplitude but different phases, so that the circularly polarized antenna unit can generate two orthogonal circularly polarized electromagnetic waves, which is equivalent to adding a communication channel in the same frequency band, doubling the utilization of the frequency band, thereby improving the spectrum utilization.

[0103] Continuing to refer to FIG. 9 , the ratio of the radius of the circular radiation piece 2 to the radius of the coaxial feeding port 5 is R1:r=1:0.13-0.2.

[0104] Please refer to Figure 10 for a cross-sectional view of a circularly polarized antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The thickness of the radiating plate 2, reflector 3, and parasitic ring 4 is 0.05 mm (i.e., h2:h3:h4 = 0.05 mm), where h2 is the thickness of the radiating plate 2, h3 is the thickness of the reflector 3, and h4 is the thickness of the parasitic ring 4.

[0105] Please refer to Figures 11-13. Figure 11 is a simulation result diagram of the reflection coefficient of a circularly polarized antenna unit provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure, Figure 12 is a simulation result diagram of the axial ratio parameter of a circularly polarized antenna unit provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure, and Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the 3dB beam width of a circularly polarized antenna unit array provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. It can be seen from Figure 11 that the reflection coefficient S11 of the circularly polarized antenna unit using the above-mentioned structure provided in the present disclosure is less than -14dB, which is far lower than the normal indicator -10dBm. Therefore, the reflection coefficient of the circularly polarized antenna unit provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure is low, the impedance matching characteristic is good, and the reflection efficiency can be effectively improved; it can be seen from Figure 12 that the axial ratio of the circularly polarized antenna unit using the above-mentioned structure provided in the present disclosure is less than 3dB, and has high circular polarization performance; the frequency of the electromagnetic wave in Figure 13 is 30GHz. It can be seen from Figure 13 that the circularly polarized antenna unit array composed of the circularly polarized antenna unit having the above-mentioned structure has a 3dB beam width ≥119.8°, and the 3dB beam width has been greatly improved.

[0106] Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a control method based on the above-mentioned circularly polarized antenna unit, including:

[0107] Feed signals with the same amplitude but a phase difference of 90° or -90° are loaded on the two coaxial feeding ports, so that the circularly polarized feeding unit generates dual circularly polarized electromagnetic waves.

[0108] In the embodiments provided herein, by loading feed signals with the same amplitude but a phase difference of 90° or -90° onto two coaxial feed ports, a circularly polarized feed unit can generate dual circularly polarized electromagnetic waves. Because a dual circularly polarized antenna can simultaneously provide two circularly polarized electromagnetic waves, it is equivalent to adding a communication channel within the same frequency band, doubling the frequency band utilization. This can reduce the number of antennas in a communication device, saving system space and reducing costs. It can also avoid potential mutual coupling effects between multiple antennas, thereby improving communication quality.

[0109] Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a circularly polarized antenna. The structure of the circularly polarized antenna is shown in FIG14 . The circularly polarized antenna includes:

[0110] A plurality of circularly polarized antenna units 100 as described above arranged in an array;

[0111] The center distance between adjacent circularly polarized antenna units 100 is 1 / 2 of the wavelength λ of the electromagnetic wave.

[0112] Please refer to Figure 15 for a gain diagram of a circularly polarized antenna at different azimuth angles provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 15 shows the gain curves corresponding to an electromagnetic wave frequency of 30 GHz when the azimuth angles of the circularly polarized antenna (i.e., a circularly polarized antenna element array) are 0°, 20°, 40°, and 60°. As can be seen from Figure 15, the sweep width of the circularly polarized antenna can reach ±60°, and the gain attenuation is ≤5.2 dB.

[0113] In the embodiment provided in the present disclosure, by setting the center distance between adjacent circularly polarized antenna units 100 in the array to half the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave, the grating lobes of the circularly polarized antenna can be prevented from occurring, thereby affecting the antenna scanning performance.

[0114] Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a communication device, including the circularly polarized antenna shown above.

[0115] The communication device may be a mobile communication terminal, such as a mobile phone, or a base station, a satellite, a radar, etc.

[0116] Although the preferred embodiments of the present disclosure have been described, those skilled in the art may make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concepts. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present disclosure.

[0117] Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications to the present disclosure without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present disclosure fall within the scope of the claims of the present disclosure and their equivalents, the present disclosure is intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A circularly polarized antenna element, wherein, Comprising: A substrate having a plurality of metal vias; A radiation patch located on one side surface of the substrate, the radiation patch being used for radiating circularly polarized electromagnetic waves externally; The plurality of metal vias are spaced apart and distributed within the substrate and around the radiation patch; A reflector located on the side of the substrate away from the radiation patch, the reflector having an annular slot, and the center of the annular slot and the center of the pattern formed by the plurality of metal vias both coincide with the center of the radiation patch, and the orthographic projection of the annular slot on the substrate is located between the orthographic projection of the radiation patch on the substrate and the plurality of metal vias.

2. The circularly polarized antenna element according to claim 1, wherein, The radiation patch has at least one slot, the at least one slot surrounds the radiation patch and is all located in the edge region of the radiation patch, and the slot is in a discontinuous state; wherein, the radiation patch has a central region and the edge region, and the edge region surrounds the central region.

3. The circularly polarized antenna element according to claim 2, wherein, The slot includes a plurality of sub-slots arranged at intervals.

4. The circularly polarized antenna element according to claim 3, wherein When the shape of the radiation patch is circular, the shape of the sub-slot is arc-shaped; the radiation patch has two slots with different radii and the same central angle of the sub-slots; The distribution positions of two overlapping sub-slots in the two slots differ by 45°.

5. The circularly polarized antenna element according to claim 4, wherein, The ratio of the radius of the radiation patch to the radii and slot widths of the two slots is: R1:R2:R3:W1 = 1:0.78 - 0.87:0.65 - 0.71:0.065 - 0.13; Wherein, R1 is the radius of the radiation patch, R2 and R3 are the radii of the slots farthest and closest to the center of the radiation patch respectively, and W1 is the width of the two slots.

6. The circularly polarized antenna element according to any one of claims 4-5, wherein, The value range of the central angle of the sub-slot is 68° - 82°.

7. The circularly polarized antenna element according to any one of claims 4-6, wherein, The angle formed by connecting the centers of two adjacent metal vias and the center of the radiation patch in the orthographic projection on the substrate is less than or equal to 30°.

8. The circularly polarized antenna element according to claim 7, wherein, The ratio of the radius of the radiation patch to the radius of the circular pattern formed by the plurality of metal vias and the radius of the metal via is: R1:R4:R5 = 1:1.36 - 1.9:0.25 - 0.39; Wherein, R1 is the radius of the radiation patch, R4 is the radius of the circular pattern formed by the plurality of metal vias, and R5 is the radius of the metal via.

9. The circularly polarized antenna element according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein, The circularly polarized antenna unit further includes: A metal parasitic loop, arranged on the same layer and concentrically with the radiation patch, and the radiation patch is located inside the metal parasitic loop.

10. The circularly polarized antenna element according to claim 9, wherein, When the radiation patch is circular, the ratio of the radius of the radiation patch to the inner radius and outer radius of the metal parasitic loop is: R1:R6:R7 = 1:1.36 - 1.69:1.43 - 1.75; Wherein, R1 is the radius of the radiation patch, R6 is the inner radius of the metal parasitic loop, and R7 is the outer radius of the metal parasitic loop.

11. The circularly polarized antenna element according to any one of claims 2-10, wherein, The circularly polarized antenna unit further includes: Two coaxial feeding ports, the orthographic projections of the two coaxial feeding ports on the radiation patch are located in the central region, have no overlap with the center of the radiation patch, and are electrically connected to the radiation patch; wherein, the amplitudes of the feeding signals loaded on the two coaxial feeding ports are the same but the phases are different; The included angle formed by the connection line between the centers of the two coaxial feeding ports and the center of the central region is 90°.

12. The circularly polarized antenna element according to claim 11, wherein, When the radiation patch is circular, the ratio of the radius of the radiation patch to the radius of the coaxial feeding port is 1:0.13 to 0.

2.

13. The circularly polarized antenna element according to any one of claims 1-12, wherein, When the radiation patch is circular, the ratio of the radius of the radiation patch to the radius and width of the circular ring slot is: R1:R8:W2 = 1:1.29 to 1.48:0.1 to 0.15; Wherein, R8 is the radius of the circular ring slot, and W2 is the width of the circular ring slot.

14. The circularly polarized antenna element according to any one of claims 1-13, wherein, The side lengths of the substrate and the reflector are the same and are 0.5 times the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave.

15. The circularly polarized antenna element according to any one of claims 1-13, wherein, When the radiation patch is circular, the ratio of the radius of the radiation patch to the thickness of the substrate is 1:0.78 to 0.

8.

16. A control method for a circularly polarized antenna unit according to any one of claims 1-15, wherein, Comprising: Feeding signals with the same amplitude but a phase difference of 90° or -90° are loaded on the two coaxial feeding ports to enable the circular polarization feeding unit to generate electromagnetic waves with dual circular polarization.

17. A circularly polarized antenna, wherein, Comprising: A plurality of circular polarization antenna units as described in any one of claims 1-15 arranged in an array; The center distance between adjacent circular polarization antenna units is 1 / 2 of the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave.

18. A communication device, wherein, Comprising the circular polarization antenna as described in claim 17.

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