Non-contact power supply system during travel, power supply device, and power reception device

Abstract

This non-contact power supply system during travel supplies power in a non-contact manner from a road-side power supply device to a traveling vehicle on which a vehicle-side power receiving device is mounted, and compares information for wide-area wireless communication with information for narrow-area wireless communication by adding a delay. When the information of the wide-area wireless communication matches the information of the narrow-area wireless communication, a power supply operation is performed from the road-side power supply device to the vehicle-side power receiving device, and when the information of the wide-area wireless communication does not match the information of the narrow-area wireless communication, a predetermined treatment is performed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a non-contact power supply system, a power supply device, and a power receiving device during driving. Background Art

[0002] Patent Document 1 discloses a technology including a communication unit for performing wireless communication between a power transmitting device and a power receiving device, wherein the communication unit switches the communication range between wide-area wireless communication and narrow-area wireless communication.

[0003] [Prior art literature]

[0004] [Patent Document]

[0005] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2013-240132 Summary of the Invention

[0006] [Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

[0007] In non-contact power feeding during driving, which supplies power contactlessly from a power transmitting device to a moving vehicle equipped with a power receiving device, different communication methods are used: wide-area wireless communication, which communicates a large amount of information over a wide area but has a slower response speed, and narrow-area wireless communication, which communicates less information over a narrow area but has a faster response speed. Therefore, even with the latency of wide-area wireless communication, there is room for improvement in how to handle situations where information such as power requirements differ between wide-area and narrow-area wireless communication.

[0008] The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and its object is to provide a non-contact power supply system, a power supply device, and a power receiving device during driving that can perform a predetermined operation according to the compatibility between wide-area wireless communication information and narrow-area wireless communication information.

[0009] [Means for solving the problem]

[0010] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems and achieve its purpose, the non-contact power supply system during driving of the present invention is a non-contact power supply system during driving that supplies power from a road-side power supply device to a moving vehicle equipped with a vehicle-side power receiving device in a non-contact manner, characterized in that the above-mentioned road-side power supply device has: a first communication device for performing wide-area wireless communication with the above-mentioned vehicle-side power receiving device; and a second communication device for performing narrow-area wireless communication with the above-mentioned vehicle-side power receiving device, the above-mentioned vehicle-side power receiving device has: a third communication device for performing the above-mentioned wide-area wireless communication with the above-mentioned road-side power supply device; and a fourth communication device for performing the above-mentioned narrow-area wireless communication with the above-mentioned road-side power supply device, the above-mentioned road-side power supply device has a matching confirmation unit, which is capable of matching the communication sent from the above-mentioned third communication device and received by the above-mentioned vehicle-side power receiving device. The information on the wide-area wireless communication obtained by the first communication device is compared with the information on the narrow-area wireless communication transmitted from the fourth communication device and obtained by the second communication device to determine whether the information on the wide-area wireless communication matches the information on the narrow-area wireless communication. The matching confirmation unit includes a delay adding unit, and the delay adding unit adds a delay to the wide-area wireless communication. The matching confirmation unit adds the delay and compares the information on the wide-area wireless communication with the information on the narrow-area wireless communication. If the information on the wide-area wireless communication matches the information on the narrow-area wireless communication, power supply is performed from the road-side power supply device to the vehicle-side power receiving device. If the information on the wide-area wireless communication does not match the information on the narrow-area wireless communication, a predetermined prescribed action is performed.

[0011] Thus, the non-contact power supply system during driving of the present invention can take into account the communication delay time of the wide area wireless communication and perform predetermined processing according to the compatibility between the information of the wide area wireless communication and the information of the narrow area wireless communication.

[0012] Furthermore, in the above, the delayed adding unit may have a predetermined communication delay time in the wide area wireless communication, and the matching confirmation unit may compare the acquired wide area wireless communication information with the acquired narrow area wireless communication information before the communication delay time.

[0013] This makes it possible to determine compatibility based on whether the acquired wide area wireless communication information matches the narrow area wireless communication information acquired before the communication delay time of the wide area wireless communication.

[0014] In addition, in the above, it may also be that the third communication device and the fourth communication device respectively send an identification unit capable of identifying the sending time of the above information together with the above information to the first communication device and the second communication device, and the delayed joining unit outputs the information of the wide-area wireless communication and the information of the narrow-area wireless communication at the same sending time to the matching confirmation unit based on the obtained identification unit.

[0015] This makes it possible to determine whether the compatibility is consistent based on whether the information of the wide area wireless communication and the information of the narrow area wireless communication, which are a combination with the same transmission time, are consistent.

[0016] In addition, the power supply device of the present invention is arranged on a road on which a vehicle is traveling, and supplies power to the above-mentioned vehicle equipped with a vehicle-side power receiving device in a non-contact manner. It is characterized in that the above-mentioned power supply device includes: a first communication device for performing wide-area wireless communication with a third communication device of the above-mentioned vehicle-side power receiving device; and a second communication device for performing narrow-area wireless communication with a fourth communication device of the above-mentioned vehicle-side power receiving device, and the above-mentioned power supply device has a matching confirmation unit, and the above-mentioned matching confirmation unit can compare the information of the wide-area wireless communication sent from the above-mentioned third communication device and obtained by the above-mentioned first communication device with the information of the wide-area wireless communication sent from the above-mentioned fourth communication device and obtained by the above-mentioned second communication device. The matching confirmation unit includes a delay adding unit, wherein the delay adding unit adds a delay of the wide area wireless communication. The matching confirmation unit compares the wide area wireless communication information with the narrow area wireless communication information after adding the delay. If the wide area wireless communication information matches the narrow area wireless communication information, power is supplied to the vehicle-side power receiving device. If the wide area wireless communication information does not match the narrow area wireless communication information, a predetermined action is taken.

[0017] Thus, the power supply device of the present invention can take into account the communication delay time of the wide area wireless communication and perform predetermined processing according to the compatibility between the information of the wide area wireless communication and the information of the narrow area wireless communication.

[0018] Furthermore, a power receiving device according to the present invention is mounted on a vehicle and receives power supplied to the traveling vehicle from a roadside power supply device in a contactless manner. The power receiving device includes: a third communication device for performing wide-area wireless communication with a first communication device of the roadside power supply device; and a fourth communication device for performing narrow-area wireless communication with a second communication device of the roadside power supply device. A matching confirmation unit is provided in the roadside power supply device and includes a delay adding unit for adding a delay to the wide-area wireless communication. The matching confirmation unit is capable of comparing wide-area wireless communication information transmitted from the third communication device and received by the first communication device with narrow-area wireless communication information transmitted from the fourth communication device and received by the second communication device to determine whether the wide-area wireless communication information and the narrow-area wireless communication information are consistent with each other. The matching confirmation unit compares the wide-area wireless communication information with the narrow-area wireless communication information by adding the delay. If the wide-area wireless communication information and the narrow-area wireless communication information match, the power receiving device performs a power supply operation to receive power from the roadside power supply device. If the wide-area wireless communication information and the narrow-area wireless communication information do not match, the roadside power supply device performs a predetermined action.

[0019] Thus, the power receiving device of the present invention can take into account the communication delay time of the wide area wireless communication and perform predetermined processing according to the compatibility between the information of the wide area wireless communication and the information of the narrow area wireless communication.

[0020] [Effects of the Invention]

[0021] The non-contact power supply system, power supply device, and power receiving device during driving of the present invention achieve the effect of being able to perform predetermined processing corresponding to the compatibility between wide-area wireless communication information and narrow-area wireless communication information, taking into account the communication delay time of wide-area wireless communication. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 Schematic diagram showing a wireless power transmission system in an embodiment.

[0023] Figure 2 It is a diagram showing the overall configuration of a wireless power transmission system.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram for explaining wide-area wireless communication in a wireless power transmission system.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a block diagram for explaining the functional configuration of the power transmission ECU.

[0026] Figure 5This is a block diagram for explaining the functional configuration of a vehicle ECU.

[0027] Figure 6 This is a diagram used to explain the power transmission process.

[0028] Figure 7 This is a sequence diagram showing a case where communication using wide area wireless communication is performed between the vehicle and the supply device.

[0029] Figure 8 This is a timing chart showing the operation after the power supply from the supply device to the vehicle while it is running is completed.

[0030] Figure 9 This is a flowchart showing a first example of control for comparing information on wide-area wireless communication and information on narrow-area wireless communication to determine compatibility.

[0031] Figure 10 This is a flowchart showing a second example of control for comparing information on wide-area wireless communication and information on narrow-area wireless communication to determine compatibility.

[0032] Figure 11 This is a flowchart showing a third example of control for comparing information on wide-area wireless communication and information on narrow-area wireless communication to determine compatibility. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] Hereinafter, embodiments of the in-running contactless power supply system, power supply device, and power receiving device of the present invention will be described.

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a wireless power transmission system according to an embodiment. Wireless power transmission system 1 is a non-contact power supply system for a moving vehicle, comprising a power supply device 2 and a vehicle 3. Power supply device 2 supplies power to moving vehicle 3 in a non-contact manner. Vehicle 3 is an electric vehicle capable of being charged with power from an external power source, such as a battery-electric vehicle (BEV) or a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV).

[0035] This wireless power transmission system 1 wirelessly transmits power from a supply device 2 to a vehicle 3 using magnetic field resonance coupling (magnetic field resonance). Wireless power transmission system 1 transmits power from supply device 2 to vehicle 3 in a contactless manner while the vehicle is traveling on a road 4. Specifically, wireless power transmission system 1 transmits power using magnetic field resonance, utilizing magnetic field resonance coupling (magnetic field resonance) to supply power to vehicle 3 while the vehicle is traveling. Wireless power transmission system 1 can be embodied as a dynamic wireless power transmission (D-WPT) system or a magnetic field dynamic wireless power transmission (MF-D-WPT) system.

[0036] The supply equipment 2 includes a supply device 5 as a roadside power supply device and an AC power source 6 that supplies power to the supply device 5. The supply device 5 transmits the power supplied from the AC power source 6 to the vehicle 3 in a contactless manner. The AC power source 6 is, for example, a commercial power source. The supply device 5 includes a power transmission device 10 having a primary coil 11.

[0037] The supply device 5 includes a segment 7 including a primary coil 11 and a management device 8 for managing the segment 7. The segment 7 is embedded in the lane of the road 4. The management device 8 is installed next to the road 4. The segment 7 is electrically connected to the management device 8. The management device 8 is electrically connected to the AC power supply 6 and supplies power from the AC power supply 6 to the segment 7. The segment 7 is electrically connected to the AC power supply 6 via the management device 8. A plurality of segments 7 can be arranged along the lane of the road 4. For example, Figure 1 As shown, the supply device 5 includes three segments 7 arranged along the lanes of the road 4 and a management device 8 connected to the three segments 7. The segments 7 have the function of transmitting power from the supply device 5 to the vehicle 3 in a contactless manner. The management device 8 has the function of controlling the wireless power transmission in the segments 7.

[0038] Vehicle 3 includes a power receiving device 20, which is a vehicle-side power receiving device having a secondary coil 21. Power receiving device 20 is installed on the underbody of vehicle 3. When vehicle 3 travels on road 4, where primary coil 11 is installed, the ground-side primary coil 11 and the vehicle-side secondary coil 21 face each other in the vertical direction. While vehicle 3 travels on road 4, wireless power transmission system 1 transmits power from primary coil 11 of power transmitting device 10 to secondary coil 21 of power receiving device 20 in a contactless manner.

[0039] In this description, "driving" refers to a state in which the vehicle 3 is on the road 4 for the purpose of traveling. Driving also includes a state in which the vehicle 3 is temporarily stopped on the road 4. For example, a state in which the vehicle 3 is stopped on the road 4, for example, while waiting for a traffic light, is also included in "driving." On the other hand, even when the vehicle 3 is on the road 4, for example, when the vehicle 3 is parked, it is not included in "driving."

[0040] In this description, lanes where primary coils 11 (segments 7) are embedded are sometimes referred to as D-WPT lanes, and locations on a portion of road 4 where wireless power transmission via supply device 5 is possible are sometimes referred to as D-WPT charging stations. In D-WPT lanes and D-WPT charging stations, multiple primary coils 11 (segments 7) are arranged in a row along a predetermined section of road 4, in the direction of travel of vehicle 3.

[0041] Figure 2 1 is a diagram showing the overall configuration of the wireless power transmission system 1. In the supply facility 2, the supply device 5 is electrically connected to the AC power source 6. In the supply device 5, the segments 7 are electrically connected to the management device 8.

[0042] Supply device 5 includes components provided in management device 8 and components provided in segment 7 . Supply device 5 includes power transmission device 10 , power transmission ECU (Electronic Control Unit) 110 , first communication device 120 , second communication device 130 , and foreign object detection device 140 .

[0043] The power transmission device 10 includes a circuit connected to the AC power supply 6 . The power transmission device 10 includes a PFC (Power Factor Correction) circuit 210 , an inverter (INV) 220 , a filter circuit 230 , and a power transmission-side resonant circuit 240 .

[0044] The PFC circuit 210 improves the power factor of AC power input from the AC power source 6, converts the AC power into DC power, and outputs the DC power to the inverter 220. The PFC circuit 210 includes an AC / DC converter and is electrically connected to the AC power source 6.

[0045] Inverter 220 converts the DC power input from PFC circuit 210 into AC power. Each switching element in inverter 220 is composed of an IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor) or a MOSFET (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor), and switches based on a control signal from power transmission ECU 110. For example, the drive frequency of inverter 220 is 85 kHz. Inverter 220 outputs the converted AC power to filter circuit 230.

[0046] Filter circuit 230 removes noise from the AC current input from inverter 220 and supplies the noise-removed AC power to the power transmission-side resonant circuit 240. Filter circuit 230 is an LC filter that combines a coil and a capacitor. For example, filter circuit 230 is a T-type filter composed of two coils and a capacitor arranged in a T-shape. PFC circuit 210, inverter 220, and filter circuit 230 constitute the power conversion unit 12 of power transmission device 10.

[0047] The power-transmitting-side resonant circuit 240 is a power transmission unit that transmits the AC power supplied from the filter circuit 230 to the power receiving device 20 in a contactless manner. When AC power is supplied from the filter circuit 230 to the power-transmitting-side resonant circuit 240, current flows through the primary coil 11, generating a magnetic field for power transmission.

[0048] The power-transmitting-side resonant circuit 240 includes a primary coil 11 and a resonant capacitor. The primary coil 11 is a power-transmitting coil. The resonant capacitor is connected in series with one end of the primary coil 11 to adjust the resonant frequency of the power-transmitting-side resonant circuit. This resonant frequency is between 10 kHz and 100 GHz, preferably 85 kHz. For example, the power transmitting device 10 is configured so that the resonant frequency of the power-transmitting-side resonant circuit 240 matches the drive frequency of the inverter 220. The power-transmitting-side resonant circuit 240 constitutes the primary device 13 of the power transmitting device 10.

[0049] The power transmission device 10 includes a power converter 12 and a primary device 13. The power converter 12 includes a PFC circuit 210, an inverter 220, and a filter circuit 230. The primary device 13 includes a transmission-side resonant circuit 240. The power transmission device 10 has a configuration in which the power converter 12 is provided in the management device 8 and the primary device 13 is provided in the segment 7.

[0050] In the supply device 5 , the power converter 12 , the power transmission ECU 110 , and the first communication device 120 of the power transmission device 10 are installed in the management device 8 , and the primary device 13 , the second communication device 130 , and the foreign object detection device 140 of the power transmission device 10 are installed in the segment 7 .

[0051] The power transmission ECU 110 is an electronic control unit that controls the power supply device 5. It includes a processor and memory. Processors include CPUs (Central Processing Units), DSPs (Digital Signal Processors), and FPGAs (Field-Programmable Gate Arrays). Memory is a main storage device composed of RAM (Random Access Memory) and ROM (Read Only Memory). The power transmission ECU 110 loads programs stored in the storage unit into the working area of ​​the memory (main storage device) and executes them. The execution of the programs controls various components, thereby achieving functions consistent with their intended purpose. The storage unit is composed of recording media such as EPROMs (Erasable Programmable ROMs), hard disk drives (HDDs), and removable media. Examples of removable media include disk recording media such as USB (Universal Serial Bus) memory, CD (Compact Disc), DVD (Digital Versatile Disc), and BD (Blu-ray Disc). The storage unit can store an operating system (OS), various programs, various tables, and various databases. Signals from various sensors are input to the power transmission ECU 110. Signals from the foreign object detection device 140 are also input to the power transmission ECU 110. The power transmission ECU 110 executes various control operations based on the signals input from the various sensors.

[0052] For example, the power transmission ECU 110 performs power control to adjust the power for transmission. In this power control, the power transmission ECU 110 controls the power transmission device 10. The power transmission ECU 110 outputs a control signal to the power conversion unit 12 to control the power supplied from the power conversion unit 12 to the primary device 13. The power transmission ECU 110 controls the switching elements included in the PFC circuit 210 to adjust the power for transmission, and also controls the switching elements included in the inverter 220 to adjust the power for transmission.

[0053] The power transmission ECU 110 also performs communication control for controlling communication with the vehicle 3 . In the communication control, the power transmission ECU 110 controls the first communication device 120 and the second communication device 130 .

[0054] First communication device 120 is a ground-side communication device that performs wide-area wireless communication. First communication device 120 wirelessly communicates with one of the vehicles 3 traveling on road 4, just before approaching the D-WPT lane. The state just before approaching the D-WPT lane means that vehicle 3 is in a position where narrow-area wireless communication with supply device 5 is impossible.

[0055] Wide-area wireless communication is communication with a communication distance of 10 meters to 10 kilometers. Wide-area wireless communication has a longer communication distance than narrow-area wireless communication. Various wireless communication methods with long communication distances can be used as wide-area wireless communication. For example, communication based on communication standards such as 4G, LTE, 5G, and WiMAX established by 3GPP (registered trademark) and IEEE is used for wide-area wireless communication. In the wireless power transmission system 1, vehicle information associated with vehicle identification information (vehicle ID) is transmitted from the vehicle 3 to the supply device 5 using wide-area wireless communication.

[0056] Second communication device 130 is a ground-side communication device that performs narrow-area wireless communication. Second communication device 130 wirelessly communicates with vehicles 3 traveling on road 4 that are approaching or entering a D-WPT lane. Approaching a D-WPT lane means that vehicle 3 is in a position where narrow-area wireless communication with supply device 5 is possible.

[0057] Narrow-area wireless communication is communication with a communication distance of less than 10 meters. Narrow-area wireless communication is communication with a communication distance shorter than wide-area wireless communication. As narrow-area wireless communication, various short-range wireless communications with short communication distances can be used. For example, communication based on any communication standard established by IEEE, ISO, IEC, etc. is used for narrow-area wireless communication. As an example, Wi-Fi (registered trademark), Bluetooth (registered trademark), and ZigBee (registered trademark) are used for narrow-area wireless communication. Alternatively, as a technology for performing narrow-area wireless communication, RFID (Radio Frequency Identification), DSRC (Dedicated Short Range Communication), etc. can also be used. In the wireless power transmission system 1, vehicle identification information and the like are sent from the vehicle 3 to the supply device 5 using narrow-area wireless communication.

[0058] Foreign object detection device 140 detects metallic foreign objects, living organisms, and the like above primary coil 11. For example, foreign object detection device 140 comprises a sensor coil and an imaging device installed on the ground. Foreign object detection device 140 is used to perform foreign object detection (FOD) and living object protection (LOP) functions in wireless power transmission system 1.

[0059] In the supply device 5, the power transmission device 10 is divided into segments 7 and a management device 8, with three segments 7 connected to one management device 8. The power transmission device 10 is configured as a single inverter to supply power to three transmission-side resonant circuits 240. Furthermore, in the supply device 5, signals from each segment 7 are input to the management device 8. Signals from the second communication device 130 and foreign object detection device 14 in the first segment are input to the power transmission ECU 110. Similarly, signals from the second communication device 130 and foreign object detection device 14 in the second segment are input to the power transmission ECU 110. Signals from the second communication device 130 and foreign object detection device 14 in the third segment are input to the power transmission ECU 110. Based on the signals input from each segment 7, the power transmission ECU 110 can understand the status of each segment 7.

[0060] Vehicle 3 includes a power receiving device 20 , a charging relay 310 , a battery 320 , a vehicle ECU 330 , a third communication device 340 , a fourth communication device 350 , and a GPS (Global Positioning System) receiver 360 .

[0061] The power receiving device 20 supplies the power received from the power transmitting device 10 to the battery 320. The power receiving device 20 is electrically connected to the battery 320 via the charging relay 310. The power receiving device 20 includes a power receiving-side resonant circuit 410, a filter circuit 420, and a rectifier circuit 430.

[0062] The receiving-side resonant circuit 410 is a power receiving unit that receives power transmitted contactlessly from the power transmitting device 10. The receiving-side resonant circuit 410 is composed of a receiving-side resonant circuit comprising a secondary coil 21 and a resonant capacitor. The secondary coil 21 is a receiving coil that receives power transmitted contactlessly from the primary coil 11. The resonant capacitor is connected in series with one end of the secondary coil 21 to adjust the resonant frequency of the receiving-side resonant circuit. The resonant frequency of the receiving-side resonant circuit 410 is specified to match the resonant frequency of the transmitting-side resonant circuit 240.

[0063] The resonant frequency of the receiving-side resonant circuit 410 is the same as the resonant frequency of the transmitting-side resonant circuit 240. Therefore, when the transmitting-side resonant circuit 240 generates a magnetic field while the receiving-side resonant circuit 410 faces the transmitting-side resonant circuit 240, the oscillation of the magnetic field is transmitted to the receiving-side resonant circuit 410. The primary coil 11 and the secondary coil 21 enter a resonant state. When an induced current flows through the secondary coil 21 due to electromagnetic induction, an induced electromotive force is generated in the receiving-side resonant circuit 410. In this way, the receiving-side resonant circuit 410 receives power transmitted contactlessly from the transmitting-side resonant circuit 240. Furthermore, the receiving-side resonant circuit 410 supplies the power received from the transmitting-side resonant circuit 240 to the filter circuit 420. The receiving-side resonant circuit 410 constitutes the secondary device 22 of the power receiving device 20.

[0064] Filter circuit 420 removes noise from the AC current input from receiving-side resonant circuit 410 and outputs the noise-removed AC power to rectifier circuit 430. Filter circuit 420 is an LC filter that combines a coil and a capacitor. For example, filter circuit 420 is composed of a T-type filter with two coils and a capacitor arranged in a T shape.

[0065] Rectifier circuit 430 converts the AC power input from filter circuit 420 into DC power and outputs it to battery 320. Rectifier circuit 430 is comprised of, for example, a full-bridge circuit comprising four diodes connected as rectifying elements. Each diode in rectifier circuit 430 is connected in parallel with a switching element. Each switching element in rectifier circuit 430 is comprised of an IGBT and switches in response to a control signal from vehicle ECU 330. Rectifier circuit 430 supplies the converted DC power to battery 320. Filter circuit 420 and rectifier circuit 430 constitute power converter 23 of power receiving device 20.

[0066] Power receiving device 20 includes secondary device 22 and power conversion unit 23. Secondary device 22 includes a power receiving-side resonant circuit 410. Power conversion unit 23 includes a filter circuit 420 and a rectifier circuit 430.

[0067] Charging relay 310 is provided between rectifier circuit 430 and battery 320. The open and closed states of charging relay 310 are controlled by vehicle ECU 330. When power transmission device 10 is charging battery 320, charging relay 310 is controlled to a closed state. When charging relay 310 is closed, rectifier circuit 430 and battery 320 are connected so that electricity can flow. When charging relay 310 is open, rectifier circuit 430 and battery 320 are disconnected, preventing electricity from flowing. For example, when charging relay 310 is open, vehicle 3 does not request power supply.

[0068] Battery 320 is a rechargeable DC power source, such as a lithium-ion battery or nickel-metal hydride battery. Battery 320 stores the power supplied from power transmission device 10 to power reception device 20. Furthermore, battery 320 can supply power to the driving motor of vehicle 3. Battery 320 is electrically connected to the driving motor via a power control unit (PCU). The PCU is a power conversion device that converts the DC power from battery 320 into AC power and supplies it to the driving motor. Each switching element of the PCU is composed of an IGBT and switches according to control signals from the vehicle ECU 330.

[0069] The vehicle ECU 330 is an electronic control unit that controls the vehicle 3. Its hardware configuration is identical to that of the power transmission ECU 110. Signals from various sensors installed on the vehicle 3 are input to the vehicle ECU 330. Furthermore, positioning signals received by the GPS receiver 360 are input to the vehicle ECU 330. The vehicle ECU 330 can obtain the current location information of the vehicle 3 from the GPS receiver 360. The vehicle ECU 330 executes various control operations based on the signals input from the various sensors.

[0070] For example, vehicle ECU 330 performs contactless charging control, which transfers power from primary coil 11 to secondary coil 21 in a contactless manner and stores the power received by secondary coil 21 in battery 320. During contactless charging control, vehicle ECU 330 controls rectifier circuit 430, charging relay 310, third communication device 340, and fourth communication device 350. Contactless charging control includes power control, which controls charging power, and communication control, which controls communication with supply device 5. During power control, vehicle ECU 330 controls the switching elements included in rectifier circuit 430 to adjust the power (charging power) supplied from power receiving device 20 to battery 320. During communication control, vehicle ECU 330 controls third communication device 340 and fourth communication device 350.

[0071] Third communication device 340 is a vehicle-side communication device that performs wide-area wireless communication. When vehicle 3, traveling on road 4, approaches the D-WPT lane, third communication device 340 wirelessly communicates with first communication device 120 of supply device 5. Wide-area wireless communication is bidirectional. Communication between first communication device 120 and third communication device 340 occurs via high-speed wireless communication.

[0072] The fourth communication device 350 is a vehicle-side communication device that performs narrow-area wireless communication. When vehicle 3 approaches or enters the D-WPT lane, the fourth communication device 350 performs wireless communication with the second communication device 130 of the supply device 5. Narrow-area wireless communication is one-way wireless signaling. One-way wireless signaling is P2PS (Point-to-Point Signaling). P2PS is used to notify vehicle identification information from vehicle 3 to the supply device 5 during pairing, alignment checks, magnetic coupling checks, the end of power transmission, and the end of power transmission. In addition, P2PS can be used as a means of lateral alignment checks. The lateral direction refers to the width of the lane, which refers to the width of vehicle 3.

[0073] The GPS receiver 360 measures the current position of the vehicle 3 based on positioning information obtained from a plurality of positioning satellites. The current position information of the vehicle 3 measured by the GPS receiver 360 is transmitted to the vehicle ECU 330.

[0074] Furthermore, in the supply device 5 , the filter circuit 230 may be included in the management device 8 rather than in the segment 7 . That is, the filter circuit 230 may be installed adjacent to the road 4 . In this case, the power converter 12 includes the PFC circuit 210 , the inverter 220 , and the filter circuit 230 , and the primary device 13 includes the power transmission-side resonant circuit 240 .

[0075] In addition, the filter circuit 230 may be provided individually for the primary coil 11 , or may be provided collectively for a plurality of primary coils 11 .

[0076] The filter circuit 230 is not limited to a T-type filter, and may be, for example, a bandpass filter in which a coil and a capacitor are connected in series. This also applies to the filter circuit 420 of the vehicle 3 .

[0077] Furthermore, in the power transmission device 10, after the inverter 220 is connected to a plurality of primary coils 11, a switch for switching the primary coil 11 to be energized may be provided in each primary device 13. This switch may be provided in the management device 8 near the road 4 or near the primary coil 11.

[0078] Furthermore, the power-transmitting-side resonant circuit 240 is not limited to a configuration in which the primary coil 11 and the resonant capacitor are connected in series. The primary coil 11 and the resonant capacitor may be connected in parallel, or a combination of parallel and series connections. In short, the power-transmitting-side resonant circuit 240 is configured such that the resonant frequency of the power-transmitting-side resonant circuit 240 matches the drive frequency of the inverter 220, and the connection relationship between its components is not particularly limited. This also applies to the power-receiving-side resonant circuit 410 of the vehicle 3.

[0079] The drive frequency of the inverter 220 is not limited to 85 kHz, and may be a frequency in the vicinity of 85 kHz. In short, the drive frequency of the inverter 220 may be a predetermined frequency band including 85 kHz.

[0080] Furthermore, the power transmission device 10 may also have a configuration in which a plurality of inverters 220 are connected to an output-side power line (DC power line) of the PFC circuit 210 .

[0081] Furthermore, the foreign object detection device 140 is not limited to being located on the ground side, but may also be located on the vehicle 3 side. For example, if the foreign object detection device on the vehicle 3 side detects a foreign object, a living organism, or the like above the primary coil 11, the power supply request may be stopped until the vehicle 3 passes the primary coil 11.

[0082] In wireless power transmission system 1, information transmitted from vehicle 3 to supply device 5 using narrow-area wireless communication includes, in addition to vehicle identification information, a power supply request and a required power supply value. The power supply request is information requesting power transmission from primary coil 11. The required power supply value is the requested amount of power to be transmitted from supply device 5 to vehicle 3. Vehicle ECU 330 can calculate the required power supply value based on the SOC (State of Charge) of battery 320.

[0083] Furthermore, the wireless power transmission system 1 is not limited to a method of supplying power from the ground to the vehicle 3, but can also realize a method of supplying power from the vehicle 3 to the ground. In this case, the rectifier circuit 430 is replaced with an inverter to realize rectification when supplying and receiving power.

[0084] Figure 3 1 is a schematic diagram for explaining wide area wireless communication in the wireless power transmission system 1 .

[0085] In wireless power transmission system 1, vehicle 3 can communicate with server 30, and supply device 5 can communicate with server 30. Server 30 is connected to network 40 and can communicate with multiple vehicles 3 and multiple supply devices 5 via network 40. Network 40 is composed of a public communication network such as the Internet, a WAN (Wide Area Network), a mobile phone communication network, and the like.

[0086] The vehicle 3 is connected to the network 40 by wide area wireless communication using the third communication device 340. The vehicle 3 transmits information to the server 30 and receives information from the server 30.

[0087] The supply device 5 is connected to the network 40 via wide area wireless communication using the first communication device 120. The supply device 5 transmits information to the server 30 and receives information from the server 30.

[0088] Figure 4 1 is a block diagram showing the functional configuration of the power transmission ECU 110. The power transmission ECU 110 includes a first communication control unit 510, a second communication control unit 520, a power transmission control unit 530, and a matching confirmation unit 540. The matching confirmation unit 540 also includes a delay addition unit 541.

[0089] The first communication control unit 510 executes the first communication control for controlling the first communication device 120. The first communication control controls wide-area wireless communication on the supply device 5 side, controlling communication within the supply device 5 using the first communication device 120. Specifically, the first communication control controls communication with the management device 8 within the supply device 5. The first communication control controls communication between the supply device 5 and the network 40, as well as communication between the supply device 5 and the server 30 via the network 40. The first communication control unit 510 is a SECC (Supply Equipment Communication Controller).

[0090] The second communication control unit 520 executes a second communication control for controlling the second communication device 130. The second communication control controls narrow-area wireless communication on the supply device 5 side, controlling communication within the supply device 5 using the second communication device 130. Specifically, the second communication control controls communication within the segment 7 of the supply device 5. The second communication control controls communication between the supply device 5 and the vehicle 3, without passing through the network 40. The second communication control unit 520 is a Primary Device Communication Controller (PDCC).

[0091] The power transmission control unit 530 performs power transmission control for controlling the power transmission device 10. The power transmission control controls the power for transmission and controls the power converter 12 of the power transmission device 10. The power transmission control unit 530 performs power control for controlling the PFC circuit 210 and the inverter 220.

[0092] The matching confirmation unit 540 is a matching confirmation means that compares the information based on wide-area wireless communication received from the third communication device 340 of the vehicle 3 with the information based on narrow-area wireless communication received from the fourth communication device 350 of the vehicle 3, and can determine the matching of the information of the wide-area wireless communication and the information of the narrow-area wireless communication.

[0093] The delay adding unit 541 is a delay adding means for adding a delay to the wide area wireless communication received by the first communication device 120 from the third communication device 340 of the vehicle 3 .

[0094] Figure 5 3 is a block diagram showing the functional configuration of vehicle ECU 330 . Vehicle ECU 330 includes a third communication control unit 610 , a fourth communication control unit 620 , and a charging control unit 630 .

[0095] The third communication control unit 610 executes a third communication control for controlling the third communication device 340. The third communication control controls wide-area wireless communication on the vehicle 3 side, controlling communication within the vehicle 3 using the third communication device 340. The third communication control controls communication between the vehicle 3 and the network 40, as well as communication between the vehicle 3 and the server 30 via the network 40. The third communication control unit 610 is an EVCC (EV Communication Controller).

[0096] The fourth communication control unit 620 executes a fourth communication control function for controlling the fourth communication device 350. The fourth communication control function controls narrow-area wireless communication on the vehicle 3 side, controlling communication within the vehicle 3 using the fourth communication device 350. The fourth communication control function controls communication between the vehicle 3 and the supply device 5 without passing through the network 40. The fourth communication control unit 620 is a Secondary Device Communication Controller (SDCC).

[0097] The charging control unit 630 performs charging control for the power receiving device 20 and the charging relay 310. This charging control includes power control for controlling the power received by the power receiving device 20 and relay control for controlling the connection between the secondary device 22 and the battery 320. The charging control unit 630 also performs power control for the rectifier circuit 430. The charging control unit 630 also performs relay control for switching the charging relay 310 between open and closed states.

[0098] In the thus configured wireless power transmission system 1, wireless power transmission is performed from the supply device 5 to the vehicle 3 while wireless communication is established between the vehicle 3 and the supply device 5. With the vehicle 3 and the supply device 5 paired via wireless communication, power is transmitted contactlessly from the ground-side primary coil 11 to the vehicle-side secondary coil 21. Furthermore, within the vehicle 3, charging control is performed to supply the power received by the secondary coil 21 to the battery 320.

[0099] Next, refer to Figure 6To illustrate the power transmission process (D-WPT process), the power transmission process is constructed as a chain of multiple activities, which is a process derived from states and corresponding transitions.

[0100] Figure 6 This is a diagram used to explain the power transmission process. Figure 6 The basic activities used to illustrate the power transmission process are shown. Figure 6 The thick arrows shown represent transition lines. The state of the wireless power transmission system 1 during the power transmission process is represented by the activities that constitute the power transmission process.

[0101] The activities that make up the power transmission process include the power transmission service session (D-WPT service session A70) during the power transmission phase, activities before the power transmission phase, and activities after the power transmission phase. Furthermore, activities can be described separately, depending on whether or not communication between the supply device 5 and the vehicle 3 is established. Activities are categorized as indicating only the status of the supply device 5 when no communication is occurring, indicating only the status of the vehicle 3 when no communication is occurring, and indicating the status of both the supply device 5 and the vehicle 3 when communication is established.

[0102] like Figure 6 As shown, the activities include: Master power on A10, Preparation A20, Waiting for D-WPT service request from vehicle 3 A30, Master power on A40, Preparation A50, Communication setup and D-WPT service request A60, D-WPT service session A70, and Terminate D-WPT servicesession A80.

[0103] Preparation A20 is the standby state of the supply device 5. In Preparation A20, the supply device 5 activates the circuit and verifies safety without communicating with the vehicle 3. The supply device 5 transitions to Preparation A20 when the main power supply enters the On state A10. If the supply device 5 activates the circuit and verifies safety during Preparation A20, the state transitions to Waiting for Request from Vehicle 3 A30. On the other hand, if a problem occurs with the supply device 5, the supply device 5 notifies the vehicle 3 via wide-area wireless communication that the wireless power transmission system 1 is unavailable (an unavailable notification). The first communication device 120 transmits the unavailable notification to the vehicle 3.

[0104] Preparation A50 is the standby state of vehicle 3. In Preparation A50, vehicle 3 starts the circuit and verifies safety without communicating with supply device 5. Vehicle 3 transitions to Preparation A50 when the main power supply is turned on in State A40. If vehicle 3 then starts the circuit and verifies safety in Preparation A50, the state transitions to Communication Setup and D-WPT Service Request A60. On the other hand, if there is a problem with vehicle 3, vehicle 3 does not initiate wide-area wireless communication and does not proceed with subsequent sequences in the D-WPT process.

[0105] The vehicle ECU 330 initiates the communication setup and D-WPT service request A60. During the communication setup and D-WPT service request A60, the vehicle ECU 330 initiates wide-area wireless communication. First, when vehicle 3 transitions from preparation A50 to communication setup and D-WPT service request A60, the third communication device 340 transmits a D-WPT service request signal. The third communication device 340 wirelessly communicates with the first communication device 120 corresponding to the D-WPT lane that vehicle 3 is scheduled to enter or has entered. The first communication device 120 selected for communication is based on the relative positional relationship between vehicle 3's current position and the D-WPT lane. On the supply device 5 side, while waiting for request A30 from vehicle 3, when the first communication device 120 receives the D-WPT service request signal, the state transitions to communication setup and D-WPT service request A60. Various information regarding wide-area wireless communication and P2PS communication is linked using vehicle identification information. Figure 7 The communication setting and the processing sequence of the D-WPT service request A60 are shown.

[0106] Figure 7This is a sequence diagram showing communication between vehicle 3 and supply device 5 using wide-area wireless communication. Vehicle 3 transmits vehicle information to server 30 (step S11). In step S11, vehicle 3's third communication device 340 transmits the vehicle information to server 30. The vehicle information includes vehicle identification information, various parameters of power receiving device 20, vehicle 3's current location, and required power. Vehicle ECU 330 calculates the required power based on the SOC of battery 320. In step S11, vehicle ECU 330 transmits vehicle information from third communication device 340 at predetermined intervals. The predetermined interval is set based on the distance from vehicle 3's current location to the starting point of the D-WPT lane. The shorter the distance from vehicle 3 to the starting point of the D-WPT lane, the shorter the predetermined interval.

[0107] Upon receiving the vehicle information from the vehicle 3, the server 30 identifies the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 located within the vicinity of the supply device 5 based on the current location information of the vehicle 3 included in the vehicle information (step S12). In step S12, the server 30 identifies the vehicle 3 located within a predetermined vicinity from the supply device 5 based on the current location information of the vehicle 3 and the location information of the supply device 5. The vicinity is set to, for example, an area within 500 meters.

[0108] When the server 30 identifies the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 , it transmits the vehicle information to the supply device 5 (step S13 ). In step S13 , the transmission device of the server 30 transmits the vehicle information to the supply device 5 .

[0109] Upon receiving the vehicle information from the server 30, the supply device 5 registers and deletes the vehicle identification information from the identification information list (step S14). In step S14, the power transmission ECU 110 registers and deletes the vehicle identification information from the identification information list so that the vehicle identification information associated with the vehicle information is properly registered in the identification information list.

[0110] When registering or deleting vehicle identification information in the identification information list, the supply device 5 transmits the vehicle identification information registered in the identification information list to the server 30 (step S15 ). In step S15 , the first communication device 120 of the supply device 5 transmits the vehicle identification information to the server 30 .

[0111] Next, upon receiving the vehicle identification information from the supply device 5, the server 30 transmits a list registration notification to the vehicle 3 corresponding to the vehicle identification information registered in the identification information list (step S16). In step S16, the communication device of the server 30 transmits the list registration notification to the vehicle 3. The list registration notification indicates that the vehicle identification information has been registered in the identification information list and includes the identification information of the supply device 5 and the location information of the supply device 5.

[0112] When vehicle 3 starts wide-area wireless communication, both the supply device 5 and vehicle 3 enter the state of communication setup and D-WPT service request A60, and the communication setup via wide-area wireless communication succeeds. With this successful communication setup, the state transitions to D-WPT service session A70.

[0113] return Figure 6 With a communication connection established between the supply device 5 and the vehicle 3, the D-WPT service session A70 transmits power contactlessly from the power-transmitting resonant circuit 240 of the supply device 5 to the power-receiving resonant circuit 410 of the vehicle 3. The D-WPT service session A70 begins with successful communication setup and ends with the termination of communication. When communication ends in the D-WPT service session A70 state, the state transitions to D-WPT service session termination A80.

[0114] During the D-WPT service session termination A80, vehicle 3 terminates wide-area wireless communication with supply device 5. Vehicle 3 and supply device 5 can receive the termination trigger of D-WPT service session A70. Furthermore, vehicle ECU 330 does not initiate D-WPT with secondary device 22 or vehicle 3 until third communication device 340 receives the next notification (D-WPT service request signal).

[0115] Here, detailed operations of the D-WPT service session A70 are described.

[0116] The D-WPT service session A70 includes a compatibility check and service authentication A110, a detailed lateral vehicle positioning A120, a pairing and alignment check A130, a magnetic coupling check A140, a power transfer execution A150, a standby state A160, and a power transfer termination A170.

[0117] Compatibility check and service authentication A110 will be described. After successful communication setup, the vehicle ECU 330 and the power transmission ECU 110 confirm compatibility between the primary device 13 and the secondary device 22. The supply device 5 performs a compatibility check based on information corresponding to the vehicle identification information acquired through communication. Examples of inspection items include the minimum ground height of the secondary device 22, the shape and type of the secondary device 22, the circuit topology of the secondary device 22, the self-resonant frequency of the secondary device 22, and the number of secondary coils 21.

[0118] During the compatibility check and service authentication A110, vehicle 3 first transmits compatibility information (Compatibility Information) of power receiving device 20 to supply device 5 via third communication device 340. Supply device 5's first communication device 120 receives the compatibility information from vehicle 3's power receiving device 20. Next, supply device 5's first communication device 120 transmits the compatibility information of power transmitting device 10 to vehicle 3. Vehicle 3's third communication device 340 receives the compatibility information from power transmitting device 10.

[0119] The compatibility information sent by the vehicle 3 to the supply device 5 includes vehicle identification information, WPT power classes, air gap class, WPT operating frequencies, WPT frequency adjustment, WPT type, WPT circuit topology, fine positioning method, pairing method, alignment method, and information on whether the power adjustment function is available.

[0120] The elements of the compatibility information sent by the supply device 5 to the vehicle 3 include supply device identification information, WPT power level, gap level, WPT drive frequency, WPT frequency adjustment, WPT type, WPT circuit topology, detailed alignment method, pairing method, alignment method, and information on whether there is a power adjustment function.

[0121] Each element name is described in detail. In addition, each element of the compatibility information sent from the vehicle 3 to the supply device 5 is described. As for the compatibility information sent from the supply device 5 to the vehicle 3, the description of the information that is repeated in the compatibility information sent from the vehicle 3 to the supply device 5 is omitted.

[0122] The gap level is information indicating the gap level at which the secondary device 22 can receive power. The WPT power level is information indicating the power level at which the secondary device 22 can receive power. The WPT drive frequency is information indicating the frequency of the power received by the secondary device 22. The WPT frequency adjustment is information indicating whether the drive frequency can be adjusted. The WPT type is information indicating the shape type of the secondary device 22, indicating the coil shape of the secondary coil 21. Components indicating the WPT type include circular and solenoid shapes. The WPT circuit topology is information indicating the connection structure between the secondary coil 21 and the resonant capacitor. WTP circuit topologies include series and parallel connections. The detailed alignment method is information indicating how alignment is performed during alignment. The pairing method is a method for implementing pairing of the vehicle 3 to determine the supply device 5. The alignment method indicates a method for confirming the relative positions of the secondary device 22 and the primary device 13 before power transmission begins.

[0123] The detailed lateral vehicle alignment A120 will be described. Vehicle 3 performs detailed lateral vehicle alignment A120 before or in parallel with pairing and alignment check A130. Vehicle ECU 330 initiates detailed lateral vehicle alignment A120 when it determines that vehicle 3 is approaching or entering an area (WPT lane) where supply device 5 is located.

[0124] The vehicle ECU 330 guides the vehicle 3 so as to align the primary device 13 and the secondary device 22 within a range in which sufficient magnetic coupling for wireless power transmission is established.

[0125] The detailed lateral vehicle alignment A120 is basically performed manually or automatically on the vehicle 3 side. The detailed lateral vehicle alignment A120 can be coordinated with an ADAS (Advanced Driver Assistance System). The end of this communication is the end A80 of the D-WPT service session.

[0126] The detailed lateral alignment A120 of the vehicle continues until the vehicle 3 leaves the D-WPT charging station or the state changes to communication end, and can be performed based on the alignment information sent from the supply device 5 to the vehicle 3 via wide area wireless communication.

[0127] The pairing and alignment inspection A130 will be described. Here, the pairing and alignment inspection will be described separately.

[0128] The P2PS interface for narrow-area wireless communication ensures that the primary device 13 and the secondary device 22 are uniquely paired. The process of the pairing state is as follows.

[0129] First, the vehicle ECU 330 recognizes that vehicle 3 is approaching or entering a D-WPT lane. For example, the vehicle ECU 330 has map information containing D-WPT lanes and compares it with the vehicle's location information obtained by the GPS receiver 360, identifying the approach or entry based on, for example, the straight-line distance. Vehicle 3 transmits to the server 30 via wide-area wireless communication which D-WPT lane it is approaching. In short, the third communication device 340 notifies the cloud of a signal indicating that vehicle 3 is approaching any D-WPT lane. Furthermore, when the vehicle ECU 330 recognizes that vehicle 3 is approaching or entering a D-WPT lane, the fourth communication device 350 begins transmitting modulated signals at fixed intervals for pairing the primary device 13 with the secondary device 22.

[0130] Alternatively, the supply device 5 can use information obtained from the server 30 via wide-area wireless communication to identify when a vehicle 3 is approaching or entering a D-WPT lane. The server 30 distributes the vehicle identification information of each vehicle 3 approaching the D-WPT lane to the supply device 5 corresponding to that lane. The supply device 5 only needs to refer to the reduced number of vehicle identification information provided by the server 30, enabling authentication to be performed in a short period of time. When the supply device 5 identifies that a vehicle 3 is approaching a D-WPT lane, the second communication device 130 enters standby mode. In standby mode, the supply device 5 waits for a modulated signal from the fourth communication device 350 of the vehicle 3. This modulated signal includes vehicle identification information.

[0131] When the second communication device 130 receives the modulated signal from the vehicle 3, the supply device 5 compares the vehicle identification information received via the narrow-area wireless communication with the vehicle identification information in the identification information list obtained from the wide-area wireless communication with the plurality of vehicles 3 heading toward the D-WPT lane. Through this comparison, the supply device 5 identifies the vehicle 3.

[0132] When the vehicle ECU 330 recognizes that the vehicle 3 is outside the D-WPT lane, it stops transmitting the modulated signal from the fourth communication device 350. The vehicle ECU 330 can determine whether the vehicle 3 has passed the D-WPT lane based on the map information and the vehicle's position information.

[0133] When the supply device 5 determines that the vehicle 3 is not traveling on the D-WPT lane or that the vehicle 3 is not approaching the D-WPT lane, the supply device 5 stops and waits for the modulated signal from the fourth communication device 350 .

[0134] Pairing is performed on the primary device 13 until the vehicle 3 leaves the D-WPT charging station or the state changes to communication ended. When pairing is completed, the state changes to alignment check.

[0135] The alignment check is described below. The purpose of the alignment check is to confirm that the lateral distance between the primary device 13 and the secondary device 22 is within the allowable range. The alignment check is performed using narrow area wireless communication (P2PS).

[0136] The alignment check is continued based on P2PS until the vehicle 3 leaves the D-WPT charging station or the state changes to communication end. The alignment check result can be transmitted from the first communication device 120 to the third communication device 340 via wide area wireless communication.

[0137] The magnetic coupling check A140 will be described. In the magnetic coupling check A140, the supply device 5 checks the magnetic coupling state and confirms that the secondary device 22 is within the allowable range. When the magnetic coupling check A140 is completed, the state transitions to the power transmission execution A150.

[0138] The execution of power transmission A150 will be described. In this state, the supply device 5 transmits power to the power receiving device 20. To ensure the effectiveness of MF-D-WPT and protect the power receiving device 20 and battery 320, the power transmitting device 10 and the power receiving device 20 must be capable of controlling the transmitted power (both transmitted and received). Greater power transmission can help extend the travel range of the power receiving device 20 without requiring static wireless charging or conductive charging. However, the capacity of the battery 320 varies depending on the vehicle type, and the driving power demand can sometimes fluctuate dramatically. An example of such a sudden change is sudden regenerative braking. When regenerative braking is applied while traveling on a D-WPT lane, regenerative braking takes priority, so in addition to the regenerative power, power received from the power receiving device 20 is also supplied to the battery 320. In this case, the power transmitted by the power receiving device 20 must be adjusted to protect the battery 320 from overcharging.

[0139] Although power control is necessary, communication between the power supply device 5 and the power receiving device 20 is not resumed in this state. This is because communication instability and latency can compromise the response and accuracy of power control. Therefore, the power supply device 5 and the power receiving device 20 perform power transmission and control based on the information known up to that point.

[0140] The supply device 5 uses wide area wireless communication in advance to increase the transmission power for the magnetic coupling test in response to the power request sent from the third communication device 340. The supply device 5 maintains the fluctuation of current and voltage within this range and attempts to maximize the power transmitted during the transfer.

[0141] The power receiving device 20 receives power from the power transmitting device 10 without performing any basic control. However, the power receiving device 20 initiates control when the transmitted power exceeds or is exceeding the limit, such as the rated power of the battery 320, which varies depending on the charging state and the power demand for driving the vehicle 3. Furthermore, power control in the vehicle ECU 330 is also required to address malfunctions in wide-area wireless communication. Such malfunctions can lead to conflicts between the power control target in the primary device 13 and the request from the third communication device 340, as well as sudden failures of the power receiving device 20 and battery 320 during power transmission. The power receiving device 20 controls the power transmitted below the power request rate notified by the first communication device 120.

[0142] Power requirements are determined based on the WPT circuit topology, geometry, ground clearance, and EMC (electromagnetic compatibility) compatibility check information for the vehicle 3 and primary device 13. The magnetic field varies according to these specifications, and power must be transmitted within the EMC range.

[0143] The power control in the power transmitting ECU 110 and the power receiving device 20 may interfere with each other. This interference is particularly likely to occur when the supply device 5 attempts to achieve a power demand greater than the current power limit in the power receiving device 20 via wide-area wireless communication. An example of this is the rapid regeneration control of the relatively small battery 320 in the vehicle 3. If possible, the supply device 5 should be able to measure the mismatch between the power control target and the limit and adjust power transmission to eliminate the mismatch.

[0144] For example, if foreign object detection device 14 detects a foreign object on primary device 13, or if magnetic coupling decreases due to poor alignment of secondary device 22, and power transmission is briefly interrupted while secondary device 22 remains on primary device 13, the state transitions to standby state A160. Furthermore, if vehicle 3 is equipped with a foreign object detection device, foreign objects can also be detected on the vehicle 3 side.

[0145] When the secondary device 22 passes over the primary device 13, the state transitions to the end of power transmission A170. In this state, the magnetic coupling between the two devices weakens, and the amount of power transferred decreases. The supply device 5 can detect the weakening of the magnetic coupling by monitoring the transferred power. Therefore, the supply device 5 essentially decides to transition to the end of power transmission A170 and then begins reducing the voltage to stop power transmission.

[0146] The standby state A160 will be described below. In this state, if power transmission is temporarily interrupted for some reason and D-WPT preparation is completed in both the vehicle 3 and the supply device 5, the state returns to the power transmission execution state A150. If there is a possibility of power transmission being interrupted, the state returns to the standby state A160.

[0147] The end of power transmission A170 will be described below. In this state, the supply device 5 reduces the transmitted power to zero and stores or uploads power transmission result data, such as total transmitted power, power transmission efficiency, and fault history. Each data item is annotated with vehicle identification information. Finally, the supply device 5 deletes the vehicle identification information of vehicle 3 that passed through the D-WPT lane. This allows the supply device 5 to prepare for subsequent pairing and power transmission with other vehicles. Figure 8 2 shows the processing sequence of the end of power transmission A170.

[0148] Figure 8 This is a sequence diagram showing the operations after power supply from the supply device 5 to the vehicle 3 while the vehicle is traveling has completed. When power reception from the supply device 5 is completed at the power receiving device 20 of the vehicle 3 (step S21), the vehicle 3 transmits power reception completion information to the server 30 (step S22). In step S22, the power reception completion information is transmitted from the third communication device 340 of the vehicle 3. The power reception completion information, which is information related to power reception from the supply device 5, includes, for example, vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3, the power received from the supply device 5, power reception efficiency, and abnormality detection results.

[0149] When the supply device 5 performs step S21, it terminates power supply to the vehicle 3 (step S23). Steps S21 and S23 may or may not be performed simultaneously. When step S23 is performed, the supply device 5 transmits power supply termination information to the server 30 (step S24). In step S24, the power supply termination information is transmitted from the first communication device 120 of the supply device 5.

[0150] Upon receiving power reception completion information from vehicle 3 and power transmission completion information from supply device 5, server 30 performs power supply termination processing to terminate power supply from supply device 5 to vehicle 3 (step S25). In the power supply termination processing, based on the power reception completion information and the power transmission completion information, the server 30 calculates the amount of power supplied from supply device 5 to vehicle 3 and bills the user of vehicle 3 based on the calculated amount of power supplied.

[0151] Furthermore, the vehicle 3 transmits the vehicle information to the server 30 independently of the power supply end process (step S26 ). In step S26 , the vehicle information is transmitted from the third communication device 340 of the vehicle 3 .

[0152] Upon receiving the vehicle information from the vehicle 3 after executing the power supply end process, the server 30 identifies the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 located in the vicinity of each supply device 5 based on the vehicle information (step S27 ).

[0153] Then, when the power supply termination process for a certain vehicle 3 has been performed in a certain supply device 5, the server 30 deletes the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 that has undergone the power supply termination process from the vehicle identification information of the vehicles 3 in the vicinity of the supply device 5 determined in the process of step S27 (step S28).

[0154] Thereafter, the server 30 transmits to each supply device 5 the vehicle information associated with the vehicle identification information not deleted in the process of step S28 , among the vehicle identification information of the vehicles 3 identified as being located in the vicinity of each supply device 5 (step S29 ).

[0155] After the vehicle information is sent to each supply device 5 in the process of step S29, when the supply device 5 receives the vehicle information from the server 30, the supply device 5 registers / deletes the vehicle identification information in the identification information list (step S30). Figure 7 The process of step S14 is the same as that of step S14. After that, the supply device 5 sends the vehicle identification information registered in the identification information list to the server 30 (step S31). The process of step S31 is the same as that of step S14. Figure 7 The processing of step S15 is the same as that of step S15.

[0156] Then, upon receiving the vehicle identification information from the supply device 5, the server 30 transmits a list registration notification to the vehicle 3 corresponding to the vehicle identification information registered in the identification information list (step S32). Figure 7 The processing of step S16 is the same.

[0157] As a result, in Figure 8 In the process shown, the vehicle identification information of vehicles 3 located in the vicinity of each supply device 5, whose power supply from that supply device 5 has not yet ended and whose vehicle identification information has not been requested to be deleted is registered in the identification information list. Furthermore, if the vehicle identification information of vehicle 3 is registered in the identification information list of any supply device 2, vehicle 3 receives a list registration notification. Therefore, by receiving the list registration notification, vehicle ECU 330 can determine that the vehicle is registered in any supply device 5. Then, if vehicle 3 exits the vicinity of a supply device 5, the vehicle identification information of vehicle 3 is deleted from the identification information list of the supply device 5.

[0158] return Figure 6In addition, at the end of power transmission A170, the power receiving device 20 does not need to perform any processing to make the transmission power zero. The P2PS interface is kept active when the vehicle 3 is in the D-WPT lane, and the state of the power receiving device 20 automatically changes to paired for power transmission from the next primary device 13. Figure 6 As shown in the transition line, the state changes from the end of power transmission A170 to the pairing and alignment check A130. Figure 6 As shown, upon the satisfaction of predetermined transition conditions, the process can transition from magnetic coupling check A140 to pairing and alignment check A130, and from power transmission execution A150 to pairing and alignment check A130. Pairing can be performed on multiple primary coils 11 individually, or multiple primary coils 11 can be bundled and performed at a representative point.

[0159] Furthermore, if there is no D-WPT request from the vehicle ECU 330, or if the series of states from communication setup and D-WPT service request A60 to power transmission termination A170 is disabled, the D-WPT service session A70 transitions to D-WPT service session termination A80, terminating the wide-area wireless communication between the first communication device 120 and the third communication device 340. For example, D-WPT is terminated when the battery 320's state of charge is too high, or when the power receiving device 20 overheats due to continuous power transmission. Such unnecessary D-WPT can be disabled simply by deactivating the P2PS interface. However, by terminating wide-area wireless communication, the power transmitting ECU 110 can free up memory used by the vehicle 3 by terminating the established wide-area wireless communication, eliminating the need for D-WPT.

[0160] In addition, the D-WPT service session A70 is not limited to Figure 6 The transition is as shown in the transition line. In the D-WPT service session A70, when the activities following the pairing and alignment check A130 end, if the conditions for the power transmission process to remain in the D-WPT service session A70 are met, the state transitions to the compatibility check and service authentication A110, rather than the D-WPT service session end A80. For example, in the magnetic coupling check A140 state, if the specified transition conditions are met, the state can transition to the compatibility check and service authentication A110.

[0161] In the wireless power transmission system 1 of the embodiment, the power transmission ECU 110 compares the wide-area wireless communication information, to which the delay has been added by the delay adding unit 541, with the narrow-area wireless communication information. If the wide-area wireless communication information, to which the delay has been added, matches the narrow-area wireless communication information, the power transmission ECU 110 executes power supply from the supply device 5 to the vehicle 3 (the power receiving device 20). On the other hand, if the wide-area wireless communication information, to which the delay has been added, differs in content from the narrow-area wireless communication information and does not match, the power transmission ECU 110 performs a predetermined action. This mismatch includes various mismatches, such as when the same information, such as a power request or power transfer termination, is transmitted and received via wide-area wireless communication and narrow-area wireless communication but has different values, or when the status and content of the communication are inconsistent. In the wireless power transmission system 1 of the embodiment, the predetermined action, for example, involves determining a mismatch between the wide-area wireless communication information and the narrow-area wireless communication information as an abnormality and suspending power transmission.

[0162] Furthermore, as a method for determining whether the information of the wide area wireless communication and the information of the narrow area wireless communication in which the delay is added are inconsistent, for example, the following method can be cited.

[0163] Specifically, the delay adding unit 541 has a predetermined communication delay time for wide-area wireless communication. The matching confirmation unit 540 compares the acquired wide-area wireless communication information with the narrow-area wireless communication information transmitted before the predetermined communication delay time to determine whether there is a mismatch. Alternatively, the third communication device 340 and the fourth communication device 350 of the vehicle 3 may transmit a timestamp, identifying the transmission time of the information, along with information such as the required power. The delay adding unit 541 then calculates the wide-area wireless communication information and the narrow-area wireless communication information for combinations with the same timestamp. The matching confirmation unit 540 then determines whether the wide-area wireless communication information and the narrow-area wireless communication information for combinations with the same timestamp (same transmission time) match.

[0164] Figure 9 This is a flowchart showing a first example of control for comparing information on wide-area wireless communication and information on narrow-area wireless communication to determine compatibility.

[0165] First, the supply device 5 obtains the requested power A as wide-area wireless communication information from the third communication device 340 of the vehicle 3 via the first communication device 120 (step S41). Next, the supply device 5 obtains the requested power B as narrow-area wireless communication information from the fourth communication device 350 of the vehicle 3 via the second communication device 130 (step S42). Next, the supply device 5 calculates the corrected requested power A' and requested power B' by adding the preset wide-area wireless communication delay time to the requested power A and requested power B via the delay addition unit 541 of the power transmission ECU 110 (step S43). Next, the supply device 5 uses the matching confirmation unit 540 of the power transmission ECU 110 to determine whether the requested power A' ≠ the requested power B' has continued for a predetermined period of time (step S44). If the matching confirmation unit 540 determines that the requested power A' ≠ the requested power B' has not continued for the predetermined period of time ("No" in step S44), it determines that the requested power A' and the requested power B' match (step S45). Next, the supply device 5 performs power supply (power transmission) to the vehicle 3 (step S46). The supply device 5 then terminates the series of controls. Meanwhile, if the matching confirmation unit 540 determines that the required power A' ≠ the required power B' has continued for a predetermined period of time ("YES" in step S44), it determines that the required power A' and the required power B' do not match (step S47). The supply device 5 then deems an abnormality to have occurred and performs predetermined actions, such as suspending power supply (power transmission) to the vehicle 3 (step S48). The supply device 5 then terminates the series of controls.

[0166] Thus, in the wireless power transmission system 1 of the embodiment, compatibility can be determined based on whether the wide area wireless communication information corrected by taking into account the communication delay time of the wide area wireless communication matches the narrow area wireless communication information.

[0167] Figure 10 This is a flowchart showing a second example of control for comparing information on wide-area wireless communication and information on narrow-area wireless communication to determine compatibility.

[0168] First, the supply device 5 obtains the requested power A as wide-area wireless communication information from the third communication device 340 of the vehicle 3 via the first communication device 120 (step S51). Next, the supply device 5 obtains the requested power B as narrow-area wireless communication information from the fourth communication device 350 of the vehicle 3 via the second communication device 130 (step S52). Next, the supply device 5 calculates the requested power B″ as narrow-area wireless communication information obtained at a time preceding the obtained requested power A by a predetermined wide-area wireless communication delay time (step S53). Next, the supply device 5 uses the matching confirmation unit 540 of the power transmission ECU 110 to determine whether the requested power A ≠ the requested power B″ has continued for a predetermined time (step S54). If the matching confirmation unit 540 determines that the requested power A ≠ the requested power B″ has not continued for the predetermined time ("No" in step S54), it determines that the requested power A and the requested power B″ match (step S55). The supply device 5 then performs power supply (power transmission) to the vehicle 3 (step S56). The supply device 5 then terminates the series of controls. On the other hand, if the matching confirmation unit 540 determines that the required power A ≠ the required power B" has continued for a predetermined period of time ("YES" in step S54), it determines that the required power A and the required power B" do not match (step S57). The supply device 5 then deems an abnormality to have occurred and executes predetermined actions, such as suspending power supply (power transmission) to the vehicle 3 (step S58). The supply device 5 then terminates the series of controls.

[0169] As described above, in the wireless power transmission system 1 of the embodiment, compatibility can be determined based on whether the acquired wide area wireless communication information matches the narrow area wireless communication information acquired before the communication delay time of the wide area wireless communication.

[0170] Figure 11 This is a flowchart showing a third example of control for comparing information on wide-area wireless communication and information on narrow-area wireless communication to determine compatibility.

[0171] First, the supply device 5 obtains the requested power A and a timestamp as wide-area wireless communication information from the third communication device 340 of the vehicle 3 via the first communication device 120 (step S61). Next, the supply device 5 obtains the requested power B and a timestamp as narrow-area wireless communication information from the fourth communication device 350 of the vehicle 3 via the second communication device 130 (step S62). The supply device 5 then uses the delay adding unit 541 of the power transmission ECU 110 to calculate the requested power A'' and the requested power B''' for combinations with the same timestamp (step S63). The supply device 5 then uses the matching confirmation unit 540 of the power transmission ECU 110 to determine whether the requested power A''' ≠ the requested power B''' has continued for a predetermined period of time (step S64). If the matching confirmation unit 540 determines that the requested power A''' ≠ the requested power B''' has not continued for the predetermined period of time ("No" in step S64), it determines that the requested power A''' and the requested power B''' match (step S65). Next, the supply device 5 performs power supply (power transmission) to the vehicle 3 (step S66). The supply device 5 then terminates the series of controls. On the other hand, if the matching confirmation unit 540 determines that the required power A''' ≠ the required power B''' has continued for a predetermined period of time ("YES" in step S64), it determines that the required power A''' and the required power B''' do not match (step S67). The supply device 5 then deems an abnormality to have occurred and performs predetermined actions, such as suspending power supply (power transmission) to the vehicle 3 (step S68). The supply device 5 then terminates the series of controls.

[0172] As described above, in the wireless power transmission system 1 of the embodiment, compatibility can be determined based on whether the wide area wireless communication information and the narrow area wireless communication information that form a combination with the same transmission timing match.

[0173] Furthermore, in the wireless power transmission system 1 of the embodiment, the aforementioned predetermined action may be modified depending on the cause of the mismatch between the delayed wide-area wireless communication information and the narrow-area wireless communication information. For example, if the mismatch is caused by a communication failure with the vehicle 3, the power supply operation (power transmission) is suspended. On the other hand, if the mismatch is caused by a communication failure with the supply device 5, the power supply operation (power transmission) is executed, and a log of the power supply operation (power transmission) is sent to the vehicle 3 after the communication failure with the supply device 5 is resolved.

[0174] Furthermore, in the wireless power transmission system 1 of the embodiment, multiple supply devices 5 located in close proximity may share information and confirm whether there are any vehicles 3 for which the information from the wide-area wireless communication, including the aforementioned delay, is determined to be mismatched with the information from the narrow-area wireless communication. If multiple vehicles 3 are identified as mismatched, the supply device 5 becomes the cause of the mismatch. On the other hand, if only one vehicle 3 is determined to be mismatched, the power supply operation (power transmission) to that vehicle 3 is suspended as a result of the mismatch.

[0175] Examples of methods for confirming the cause of mismatching include a method of confirming the cause of mismatching at the same time for multiple vehicles 3 within a predetermined range on the road 4, a method of presetting a time for confirming the cause of mismatching and confirming mismatching vehicles 3 within that time, and the like. Furthermore, a method is preferably employed in which, in a situation where vehicles 3 compatible with D-WPT are not frequently traveling, a presetting time for confirming the cause of mismatching and confirming mismatching vehicles 3 within that time is preset.

[0176] Furthermore, in the wireless power transmission system 1 of the embodiment, if the cause of the mismatch cannot be determined, for example, the power supply operation (power transmission) may be forcibly suspended, and the power supply operation (power transmission) may be resumed after the mismatch is resolved and all values ​​are cleared. Alternatively, if the cause of the mismatch cannot be determined, for example, the power supply operation (power transmission) may be continued while the cause of the mismatch is unclear, but the mismatch may be notified from the supply device 5 to the vehicle 3, and the supply device 5 may request the vehicle 3 to obtain the log provided by the supply device 5 to the vehicle 3.

[0177] In addition, in the wireless power transmission system 1 of the embodiment, when either the supply device 5 or the vehicle 3 outputs a termination request, the power supply operation (power transmission) may be terminated regardless of the consistency between the information of the wide-area wireless communication and the information of the narrow-area wireless communication with the above-mentioned delay.

[0178] [Industrial Applicability]

[0179] The present invention can provide a non-contact power supply system, a power supply device, and a power receiving device during driving that can perform prescribed processing according to the compatibility between information of wide-area wireless communication and information of narrow-area wireless communication.

[0180] [Explanation of Reference Numerals]

[0181] 1 Wireless Power Transmission System

[0182] 2 Supply equipment

[0183] 3 vehicles

[0184] 4 Road

[0185] 5 Supply device

[0186] 6 AC power supply

[0187] 10 Power transmission device

[0188] 11 Primary coil

[0189] 20 Power receiving device

[0190] 21 Secondary coil

[0191] 540 Matching Confirmation Department

[0192] 541 Delayed Accession Department

Claims

1. A non-contact power supply system for a vehicle in motion, wherein power is supplied non-contactly from a road-side power supply device to a vehicle-side power receiving device mounted thereon. The road-side power supply device includes: a first communication device for performing wide-area wireless communication with the vehicle-side power receiving device; and a second communication device for performing narrow-area wireless communication with the vehicle-side power receiving device. The vehicle-side power receiving device includes: a third communication device for performing the wide-area wireless communication with the road-side power supply device; and a fourth communication device for performing the narrow-area wireless communication with the road-side power supply device. The road-side power supply device includes a matching confirmation unit capable of comparing the information of the wide-area wireless communication sent from the third communication device and obtained by the first communication device with the information of the narrow-area wireless communication sent from the fourth communication device and obtained by the second communication device, to determine the matching between the information of the wide-area wireless communication and the information of the narrow-area wireless communication. The matching confirmation unit includes a delay adding unit, the delay adding unit adding a delay to the wide area wireless communication, The matching confirmation unit compares the information of the wide-area wireless communication with the information of the narrow-area wireless communication by adding the delay, When the information of the wide area wireless communication matches the information of the narrow area wireless communication, power supply is performed from the road-side power supply device to the vehicle-side power receiving device. When the information of the wide area wireless communication does not match the information of the narrow area wireless communication, a predetermined process is performed.

2. The non-contact power supply system during driving according to claim 1, characterized in that: The delayed joining unit has a predetermined communication delay time in the wide area wireless communication, The matching confirmation unit compares the acquired information on the wide area wireless communication with the acquired information on the narrow area wireless communication at a time before the communication delay time.

3. The non-contact power supply system during driving according to claim 1, characterized in that: The third communication device and the fourth communication device respectively transmit an identification unit capable of identifying the transmission time of the information together with the information to the first communication device and the second communication device, The delayed addition unit outputs the information of the wide area wireless communication and the information of the narrow area wireless communication at the same transmission time to the matching confirmation unit based on the information obtained by the identification unit.

4. A power supply device for supplying electric power to a moving vehicle equipped with a vehicle-side power receiving device in a contactless manner, and provided on a road on which the vehicle is traveling, characterized in that: The power supply device includes: a first communication device for performing wide-area wireless communication with a third communication device of the vehicle-side power receiving device; and a second communication device for performing narrow-area wireless communication with a fourth communication device of the vehicle-side power receiving device. The power supply device includes a matching confirmation unit capable of comparing the wide-area wireless communication information transmitted from the third communication device and obtained by the first communication device with the narrow-area wireless communication information transmitted from the fourth communication device and obtained by the second communication device, thereby determining matching between the wide-area wireless communication information and the narrow-area wireless communication information. The matching confirmation unit includes a delay adding unit, the delay adding unit adding a delay to the wide area wireless communication, The matching confirmation unit compares the information of the wide-area wireless communication with the information of the narrow-area wireless communication by adding the delay, When the information of the wide-area wireless communication matches the information of the narrow-area wireless communication, power supply to the vehicle-side power receiving device is performed; When the information of the wide area wireless communication does not match the information of the narrow area wireless communication, a predetermined process is performed.

5. A power receiving device that receives power supplied from a road-side power supply device to a moving vehicle in a contactless manner and is mounted on the vehicle, characterized in that: The power receiving device includes: a third communication device for performing wide-area wireless communication with the first communication device of the road-side power supply device; and a fourth communication device for performing narrow-area wireless communication with the second communication device of the road-side power supply device. A matching confirmation unit is provided in the road-side power supply device and includes a delay adding unit for adding a delay to the wide-area wireless communication. The matching confirmation unit is capable of comparing the wide-area wireless communication information sent from the third communication device and obtained by the first communication device with the narrow-area wireless communication information sent from the fourth communication device and obtained by the second communication device to determine the matching between the wide-area wireless communication information and the narrow-area wireless communication information. The matching confirmation unit adds the delay and compares the wide-area wireless communication information with the narrow-area wireless communication information. When the information of the wide area wireless communication matches the information of the narrow area wireless communication, performing a power supply operation to receive power from the roadside power supply device, When the information of the wide area wireless communication does not match the information of the narrow area wireless communication, a predetermined action is performed by the roadside power feeding device.

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