Periarticular fracture reduction forceps

Abstract

The periarticular fracture reduction forceps comprise a straight-head forceps body and an elbow forceps body which are hinged and assembled in a crossed mode, and the forceps head part of the straight-head forceps body comprises a first straight rod part and a straight forceps tip which is located at the front end of the first straight rod part and inclines towards one side of the first straight rod part; the plier head part of the bent plier body comprises a second straight rod part and a hook plier tip which is positioned at the front end of the second straight rod part, inclines towards one side and is bent inwards; and the inclined directions of the straight plier tip and the hook plier tip are the same. According to the point type reduction forceps, a displaced fracture block can be firmly clamped, the fracture block is pressurized in the direction perpendicular to a fracture line, placement of an implant is facilitated, accurate reduction and firm fixation of the fracture position are guaranteed, and compared with existing point type reduction forceps, the point type reduction forceps are more convenient and reliable to use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of orthopedic medical instruments, and in particular relates to a periarticular fracture reduction forceps. Background Art

[0002] Fracture point reduction forceps are the most commonly used reduction and fixation instruments for long bone metaphyseal, periarticular, and intra-articular fractures. Their appearance is similar to that of a towel clamp. This shape design makes them suitable for reduction and fixation of fractures perpendicular to the long axis of the bone (e.g., medial and lateral malleolus, tibial plateau, tip of the greater trochanter, proximal humerus, greater and lesser tuberosities of the humerus, medial and lateral condyles of the distal humerus, radial styloid process, etc.). However, they have the following disadvantages:

[0003] (1) The tip of the chuck located on the proximal metaphysis cannot effectively insert into the bone and generate the required stable holding force. It is also prone to slipping from the bone surface during clamping, resulting in failure of fracture reduction and fixation.

[0004] (2) Due to repeated clamping, the small fracture fragment on one side is comminuted, making reduction and fixation difficult. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a periarticular fracture reduction forceps to solve the above-mentioned problem of difficulty in fracture reduction.

[0006] A periarticular fracture reduction forceps of the present invention is achieved as follows:

[0007] A periarticular fracture reduction forceps comprises a straight-head forceps body and a bent-head forceps body hingedly assembled in a cross manner, wherein:

[0008] The pliers head of the straight-head pliers body comprises a first straight rod portion and a straight pliers tip located at the front end of the first straight rod portion and inclined toward one side thereof;

[0009] The pliers head of the elbow pliers body includes a second straight rod portion and a hook pliers tip located at the front end of the second straight rod portion and inclined to one side and bent inward;

[0010] The straight pliers tip and the hook pliers tip have the same inclination direction.

[0011] Furthermore, the straight pliers tip and the hook pliers tip have the same inclination angle, which is 15° to 45°.

[0012] Furthermore, the end of the straight pliers tip is hemispherical.

[0013] Furthermore, the end of the hook tip is tapered.

[0014] Furthermore, the straight-head pliers body and the bent-head pliers body further include hinged portions respectively, and the straight-head pliers body and the bent-head pliers body are cooperatively connected via two hinged portions.

[0015] Furthermore, a clamping groove is provided on the hinge part, and an assembly hole is provided in the clamping groove. The clamping grooves of the two hinge parts are relatively clamped and connected by screws provided in the assembly hole.

[0016] Furthermore, the straight-head pliers body and the bent-head pliers body further include an operating portion, and an annular handle is provided at the end of the operating portion.

[0017] Furthermore, the operating portion of the straight-head pliers body is provided with an arc-shaped rack extending toward the operating portion of the bent-head pliers body, and the operating portion of the bent-head pliers body is provided with an engaging portion engaged with the arc-shaped rack.

[0018] Furthermore, a matching groove is provided on the side of the operating portion of the elbow pliers body away from the inclination direction of the hook pliers tip, the engaging portion is located inside the matching groove, and the arc-shaped rack is placed in the matching groove and meshes with the engaging portion.

[0019] Furthermore, the teeth of the arc-shaped rack are oblique teeth inclined toward the side where the straight-head pliers body is located.

[0020] After adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] The present invention can firmly clamp the displaced fracture fragments through the cooperation of the straight forceps tip and the curved hook forceps tip, so that the fracture fragments are pressurized in the direction perpendicular to the fracture line, and the placement of implants is convenient, thereby ensuring the accurate reduction and firm fixation of the fracture site, and is more convenient and reliable to use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a periarticular fracture reduction forceps according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention from a first perspective;

[0024] Figure 2 2. It is a structural diagram of the periarticular fracture reduction forceps according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention from a second perspective;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a side view of the elbow body of the periarticular fracture reduction forceps of the preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the straight-headed pliers body of the periarticular fracture reduction forceps according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention from a first-view perspective;

[0027] Figure 52. It is a structural diagram of the straight-headed pliers body of the periarticular fracture reduction pliers according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention from a second perspective;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the elbow pliers body of the periarticular fracture reduction pliers according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention from a first perspective;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the bent jaw body of the periarticular fracture reduction forceps according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention from a second perspective;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a diagram of the periarticular fracture reduction forceps in use according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] In the figure: straight-head pliers body 1, first pliers head portion 1-1, first straight rod portion 1-1-1, straight pliers tip 1-1-2, first hinged portion 1-2, first clamping groove 1-2-1, first assembly hole 1-2-2, first transition portion 1-3, first operating portion 1-4, first annular handle 1-5, arc-shaped rack 1-6, first tooth surface 1-7, bent-head pliers body 2, second pliers head portion 2-1, second straight rod portion 2-1-1, hook pliers tip 2-1-2, second hinged portion 2-2, second clamping groove 2-2-1, second assembly hole 2-2-2, second transition portion 2-3, second operating portion 2-4, second annular handle 2-5, occlusal portion 2-6, second tooth surface 2-7, matching groove 2-8, screw 3, fracture line A, single cortical hole B. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but rather merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are also within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] like Figure 1-8As shown, a periarticular fracture reduction forceps includes a straight-headed forceps body 1 and a bent-headed forceps body 2 hingedly assembled in a cross manner, the forceps head of the straight-headed forceps body 1 including a first straight rod portion 1-1-1, and a straight forceps tip 1-1-2 located at the front end of the first straight rod portion 1-1-1 and inclined to one side thereof; the forceps head of the bent-headed forceps body 2 includes a second straight rod portion 2-1-1, and a curved hooked forceps tip 2-1-2 located at the front end of the second straight rod portion 2-1-1 and inclined to one side and bent inward; the straight forceps tip 1-1-2 and the curved hooked forceps tip 2-1-2 have the same inclination direction.

[0035] In this embodiment, the inclination direction of the straight forceps tip 1-1-2 and the hook forceps tip 2-1-2 is set to the rear side, that is, the side facing the surgical site of the patient during the operation.

[0036] The first pliers head 1-1 of the straight pliers body 1 includes a first straight rod portion 1-1-1 and a straight pliers tip 1-1-2, and the second pliers head 2-1 of the bent pliers body 2 includes a second straight rod portion 2-1-1 and a curved hook pliers tip 2-1-2.

[0037] The straight pliers tip 1-1-2 and the hook pliers tip 2-1-2 have the same inclination angle, which is 15° to 45°.

[0038] The tip of the forceps head is tilted, which allows the forceps body to deviate to one side from the clamping point. Specifically, when the tip of the forceps clamps the bone, the entire forceps body will tilt to one side and will not stand upright directly above the surgical area, thereby providing the doctor with an open, unobstructed field of view, allowing the doctor to directly see the fracture line and reduction status. In addition, the tilted tip of the forceps causes the handle part to deviate from the top of the clamping point, which not only reduces the overall height profile of the reduction forceps, but also moves the forceps body to one side of the incision, reserving space for the entry and operation of other instruments (such as drills, screwdrivers, Kirschner wires, etc.), as well as the hand movements of the surgical assistant, reducing mutual interference between instruments.

[0039] The straight forceps tips 1-1-2 and the curved hook forceps tips 2-1-2 have the same inclination direction, which is more in line with the natural angle of the wrist and forearm, reducing the difficulty and fatigue of the surgical operation and making the application of reduction force smoother.

[0040] In addition, the tilt angle of the forceps tip is selected between 15° and 45°, which is more ergonomic, convenient for surgical operation, and can achieve the best balance in different anatomical parts and depths. When a larger reduction force needs to be applied or a larger bone block needs to be clamped, a smaller tilt angle is selected, which can provide a more direct force line transmission and better stability. For areas with limited space (such as wrist and ankle joints) and fine reduction types that require extremely high visual fields (such as articular surface fractures), a larger tilt angle is selected to better reserve space for other instruments and provide an unobstructed surgical field of view at a larger angle.

[0041] In order to facilitate the matching of the straight forceps tip 1-1-2 with the hole on the bone surface, the end of the straight forceps tip 1-1-2 is hemispherical.

[0042] Specifically, when in use, a hole is drilled on the bone surface, and the straight pliers tip 1-1-2 of the straight-head pliers body 1 is inserted into the hole, so that the straight pliers tip 1-1-2 can be accurately and stably positioned with the fracture site.

[0043] The end of the straight forceps tip 1-1-2 is hemispherical, which can facilitate insertion into the hole and reduce damage to the bone at the opening caused by the straight forceps tip 1-1-2.

[0044] In order to firmly clamp the bone fragment, the end of the hook forceps tip 2-1-2 is a pointed cone.

[0045] After the straight-head pliers body 1 is inserted into the hole on the bone surface, the end of the hook pliers tip 2-1-2 presses against the end face of the fracture fragment, thereby firmly clamping the displaced fracture fragment and pressurizing the fracture fragment vertically along the fracture line to ensure the accuracy of fracture fragment reduction.

[0046] The end of the hook forceps tip 2-1-2 adopts a pointed cone shape, which can better support the end face of the fracture fragment, prevent the fracture fragment from slipping, and ensure the accuracy and firmness of the reduction.

[0047] In order to achieve the articulated cooperation between the straight-end pliers body 1 and the bent-end pliers body 2 , the straight-end pliers body 1 and the bent-end pliers body 2 further include articulated portions respectively, and the straight-end pliers body 1 and the bent-end pliers body 2 are connected by two articulated portions.

[0048] Among them, the first hinge part 1-2 of the straight head pliers body 1 is located near the middle of the straight head pliers body 1, that is, on the lower side of the first pliers head 1-1, and the second hinge part 2-2 of the bent head pliers body 2 is located near the middle of the bent head pliers body 2, that is, on the lower side of the second pliers head 2-1.

[0049] Specifically, a clamping groove is provided on the hinge part, and an assembly hole is provided in the clamping groove. The clamping grooves of the two hinge parts are relatively clamped and connected by using a screw 3 provided in the assembly hole.

[0050] Among them, the first clamping groove 1-2-1 on the first hinge part 1-2 and the second clamping groove 2-2-1 on the second hinge part 2-2 are arranged opposite to each other.

[0051] In this embodiment, the first snap-in slot 1-2-1 is located on the front side of the first hinge part 1-2, and the second snap-in slot 2-2-1 is located on the rear side of the second hinge part 2-2. The two snap-in slots are relatively engaged during assembly to form a matching structure with a regular shape.

[0052] The straight-head pliers body 1 and the bent-head pliers body 2 are relatively engaged through two snap-fitting grooves, which can ensure that the assembly point of the two (straight-head pliers body 1 and bent-head pliers body 2) has the same thickness as other parts of the two, and there will be no protrusion at the connection point, thereby reducing the volume of the entire reduction forceps, avoiding affecting the surgical field of view, and making the surgical operation more convenient.

[0053] The first assembly hole 1-2-2 provided in the first engaging groove 1-2-1 is a threaded hole, and the second assembly hole 2-2-2 provided in the second engaging groove 2-2-1 is a plain hole. The screw 3 passes through the plain hole from the front and back and is threadedly connected to the threaded hole. Laser welding is then performed at the threaded opening at the rear end of the screw 3 to fix the screw 3 to the straight head pliers body 1 where the threaded hole is located, preventing the screw 3 from falling off during use. At this time, the screw 3 and the second assembly hole 2-2-2, i.e., the elbow pliers body 2, are rotationally engaged, thereby achieving an articulated connection between the straight head pliers body 1 and the elbow pliers body 2.

[0054] Preferably, a first transition portion 1-3 is provided between the first hinged portion 1-2 and the first clamp head portion 1-1, and a second transition portion 2-3 is provided between the second hinged portion 2-2 and the second clamp head portion 2-1. The ends of the two transition portions facing the corresponding clamp heads are cylindrical, and the other ends are polyhedral cylinders, so that a smooth transition between the hinged portion and the corresponding clamp head portion can be achieved, thereby ensuring the structural strength of the reduction clamp.

[0055] In order to facilitate the opening and closing of the reduction pliers, the straight-head pliers body 1 and the bent-head pliers body 2 further include an operating portion, and an annular handle is provided at the end of the operating portion.

[0056] Specifically, the first operating part 1-4 of the straight-head pliers body 1 is located on the lower side of the first hinged part 1-2, and a first annular handle 1-5 is provided at the end of the first operating part 1-4. The second operating part 2-4 of the bent-head pliers body 2 is located on the lower side of the second hinged part 2-2, and a second annular handle 2-5 is provided at the end of the second operating part 2-4. The first annular handle 1-5 and the second annular handle 2-5 are arranged back to back to facilitate handheld operation.

[0057] In order to keep the reduction forceps in a stable clamping state, prevent the straight-head pliers body 1 and the bent-head pliers body 2 from loosening, and avoid failure of fracture reduction, the operating part of the straight-head pliers body 1 is provided with an arc-shaped rack 1-6 extending toward the operating part of the bent-head pliers body 2, and the operating part of the bent-head pliers body 2 is provided with an engaging part 2-6 that engages with the arc-shaped rack 1-6.

[0058] The arc-shaped rack 1-6 is located on the inner side of the first operating part 1-4 above the first annular handle 1-5 and extends toward the second operating part 2-4. It is an arc-shaped protrusion at the lower end of the reset clamp body.

[0059] In order to achieve the coordination between the arc-shaped rack 1-6 and the elbow pliers body 2, a coordination groove 2-8 is provided on the side of the operating part of the elbow pliers body 2 away from the inclination direction of the hook pliers tip 2-1-2, and the bite portion 2-6 is located on the inner side of the coordination groove 2-8. The arc-shaped rack 1-6 is placed in the coordination groove 2-8 and meshes with the bite portion 2-6.

[0060] The setting of the matching groove 2-8 can not only guide the movement of the arc-shaped rack 1-6 and realize the stable matching of the arc-shaped rack 1-6 and the occlusal part 2-6, but also make the position where the arc-shaped rack 1-6 matches the second operating part 2-4 not protrude from the surface of the second operating part 2-4, thereby reducing the volume of the entire reduction forceps and making it more convenient to use.

[0061] When the arc-shaped rack 1-6 is engaged with the bite portion 2-6, the arc-shaped rack 1-6 is located in front of the bite portion 2-6.

[0062] In order to further ensure the stability of the clamping state of the reset pliers, the arc-shaped racks 1-6 are oblique teeth inclined toward the side where the straight head pliers body 1 is located.

[0063] Specifically, the first tooth surface 1-7 of the arc-shaped rack 1-6 is located on its rear side, and the second tooth surface 2-7 of the engaging part 2-6 is located on its front side. The side of the teeth of the first tooth surface 1-7 facing the first operating part 1-4 is a vertical surface, and the side facing the second operating part 2-4 is an inclined surface. Correspondingly, the side of the teeth of the second tooth surface 2-7 facing the first operating part 1-4 is an inclined surface, and the side facing the second operating part 2-4 is a vertical surface, thereby ensuring that the arc-shaped rack 1-6 and the engaging part 2-6 are engaged with each other.

[0064] This type of helical tooth structure can not only increase the smoothness of the cooperation between the arc-shaped rack 1-6 and the bite part 2-6 during the clamping process, that is, the smooth movement of the arc-shaped rack 1-6 (first operating part 1-4) toward the bite part 2-6 (second operating part 2-4), but also increase the firmness and stability of the engagement between the arc-shaped rack 1-6 and the bite part 2-6, thereby avoiding loosening of the straight-head pliers body 1 and the bent-head pliers body 2, and avoiding the problem of failure of fracture reduction.

[0065] When performing periarticular fracture surgery, a single cortical hole B with a diameter of 2mm-2.5mm is drilled on the bone surface, and the straight pliers tip 1-1-2 end of the straight-headed pliers body 1 is inserted into the single cortical hole B, and the hook pliers tip 2-1-2 end of the bent-headed pliers body 2 is pressed against the end face of the fracture fragment, so that the reduction pliers firmly clamps the displaced fracture fragment and pressurizes and reduces the fracture fragment in the direction perpendicular to the fracture line A, and then uses an implant to fix the fracture fragment, and finally removes the reduction pliers. The whole process is simple to operate, which not only ensures the accuracy and firmness of fracture reduction, but also does not affect the placement of the implant, making it more convenient and reliable to use.

[0066] With the above-described preferred embodiments of the present invention as a guide, and with reference to the above description, relevant personnel are fully capable of making various changes and modifications without departing from the technical scope of this invention. The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the contents of the specification and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A periarticular fracture reduction forceps, characterized in that: The invention comprises a straight-head pliers body (1) and a bent-head pliers body (2) which are hingedly assembled in a cross manner, wherein: The pliers head of the straight-head pliers body (1) comprises a first straight rod portion (1-1-1) and a straight pliers tip (1-1-2) located at the front end of the first straight rod portion (1-1-1) and inclined toward one side thereof; The pliers head of the elbow pliers body (2) comprises a second straight rod portion (2-1-1) and a hook pliers tip (2-1-2) located at the front end of the second straight rod portion (2-1-1) and inclined to one side and bent inwards; The straight pliers tip (1-1-2) and the curved hook pliers tip (2-1-2) have the same inclination direction.

2. The periarticular fracture reduction forceps according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inclination angle of the straight pliers tip (1-1-2) is the same as the inclination angle of the hook pliers tip (2-1-2), and the inclination angle is 15° to 45°.

3. The periarticular fracture reduction forceps according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the straight pliers tip (1-1-2) is hemispherical.

4. The periarticular fracture reduction forceps according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the hook pliers tip (2-1-2) is in a pointed cone shape.

5. The periarticular fracture reduction forceps according to claim 1, characterized in that: The straight-head pliers body (1) and the bent-head pliers body (2) further comprise hinged portions respectively, and the straight-head pliers body (1) and the bent-head pliers body (2) are cooperatively connected via two hinged portions.

6. The periarticular fracture reduction forceps according to claim 5, characterized in that: The hinge part is provided with a clamping groove, and an assembly hole is provided in the clamping groove. The clamping grooves of the two hinge parts are relatively clamped and connected by means of screws (3) provided in the assembly hole.

7. The periarticular fracture reduction forceps according to claim 1, characterized in that: The straight-head pliers body (1) and the bent-head pliers body (2) further comprise an operating portion, respectively, and an annular handle is provided at the end of the operating portion.

8. The periarticular fracture reduction forceps according to claim 7, characterized in that: The operating portion of the straight-head pliers (1) is provided with an arc-shaped rack (1-6) extending toward the operating portion of the bent-head pliers (2), and the operating portion of the bent-head pliers (2) is provided with an engaging portion (2-6) engaging with the arc-shaped rack (1-6).

9. The periarticular fracture reduction forceps according to claim 8, characterized in that: A matching groove (2-8) is provided on the side of the operating portion of the elbow pliers body (2) away from the inclined direction of the hook pliers tip (2-1-2); the engaging portion (2-6) is located inside the matching groove (2-8); and the arc-shaped rack (1-6) is placed in the matching groove (2-8) and meshes with the engaging portion (2-6).

10. The periarticular fracture reduction forceps according to claim 8, characterized in that: The teeth of the arc-shaped rack (1-6) are oblique teeth inclined toward the side where the straight-head pliers body (1) is located.

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