Methods, devices, equipment, storage media, and products for Z-axis adjustment during machining.

Abstract

This application discloses a method, apparatus, equipment, storage medium, and product for adjusting the Z-axis during machining, relating to the field of CNC machining technology. The method is applied to machine tools and includes: when machining to a test cutting point of the workpiece, performing a test cut on the workpiece based on a test cutting program embedded in the CAM, obtaining the actual test cutting height value measured by the machine tool; and dynamically adjusting the Z-axis of the tool used for test cutting the workpiece based on the ideal Z-axis compensation amount and the actual test cutting height value. The ideal Z-axis compensation amount is determined by the CAM based on the current state data of the machine tool. That is, by using a test cutting program embedded in the CAM, repeated adjustments to the test cutting program are avoided. Furthermore, by dynamically adjusting the Z-axis based on the ideal Z-axis compensation amount and the actual test cutting height, the Z-axis compensation amount can better reflect the actual situation, thereby reducing machining errors and preventing machining errors from exceeding the allowable error range, thus improving the optimization efficiency of the test cutting program.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of CNC machining technology, and in particular to methods, devices, equipment, storage media and products for adjusting the Z-axis during machining. Background Technology

[0002] CNC (Computer Numerical Control) machining is an automated machining method that uses computer programs to control the movement and machining operations of machine tools, thereby achieving high-precision machining of various materials.

[0003] In CNC machining, to verify the feasibility of the machining program and ensure machining accuracy, a trial cut needs to be performed on the workpiece before the actual machining process to guarantee precision during the final machining. Currently, the programming and optimization of trial cut programs usually rely on the experience of the operators. Since there is no fixed standard for operator experience, different operators may need to adjust the Z-axis of the cutting tool in the machine tool differently for their trial cut programs. Moreover, operators usually adjust the Z-axis of the cutting tool based on their own experience, meaning that different operators have different adjustment standards, and repeated trial cuts and adjustments are required, resulting in low efficiency in adjusting the Z-axis of the cutting tool.

[0004] The above content is only used to help understand the technical solution of this application and does not represent an admission that the above content is prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main objective of this application is to provide a method, device, equipment, storage medium, and product for adjusting the Z-axis during machining, aiming to solve the technical problem of low efficiency in adjusting the Z-axis of the cutting tool.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application proposes a method for adjusting the Z-axis during machining, applied to a machine tool, the method comprising:

[0007] When machining to the test cutting point of the workpiece, the test cutting program embedded in CAM is used to perform a test cut on the workpiece to obtain the actual test cutting height value measured by the machine tool;

[0008] Based on the ideal Z-axis compensation amount and the actual test cutting height value, the Z-axis of the tool used when test cutting the workpiece is dynamically adjusted. The ideal Z-axis compensation amount is determined by CAM based on the current state data of the machine tool.

[0009] In one embodiment, the step of dynamically adjusting the Z-axis of the tool used for test cutting the workpiece based on the ideal Z-axis compensation amount and the actual test cutting height value includes:

[0010] When dynamically adjusting the current test cut Z-axis based on the ideal Z-axis compensation amount and the actual test cut height value, the machine tool's operating data is acquired in real time.

[0011] The running data is sent to the CAM, so that the CAM can pre-test the cutting trajectory of the tool used when cutting the workpiece to be processed based on the running data.

[0012] After dynamically adjusting the Z-axis of the current trial cut, the actual trial cut trajectory of the tool used after adjusting the Z-axis is obtained;

[0013] Based on the pre-test cutting trajectory and the actual test cutting trajectory, the trajectory offset of the tool used is determined;

[0014] Based on the offset, the Z-axis is adjusted until the offset meets the predicted offset requirement, thus completing the adjustment of the Z-axis.

[0015] In one embodiment, after the step of dynamically adjusting the Z-axis of the tool used for test cutting the workpiece based on the ideal Z-axis compensation amount and the actual test cutting height value, the method further includes:

[0016] After completing the adjustment of the Z-axis, obtain the tool path of the tool used during the trial cut;

[0017] Based on a preset spline curve smooth transition method, the connection between the tool path and the main machining path is optimized for smooth transition. The main machining path is the machining path when the workpiece is being machined normally.

[0018] Furthermore, to achieve the above objectives, this application also proposes a method for adjusting the Z-axis during machining, applied to the CAM end, the method comprising:

[0019] When the machine tool is machining to the test cutting point of the workpiece to be machined, based on the current state data of the machine tool, the ideal Z-axis compensation amount required by the tool used by the machine tool when performing test cutting on the workpiece to be machined is determined.

[0020] The ideal Z-axis compensation amount is sent to the machine tool so that when the machine tool performs a trial cut on the workpiece based on the trial cut program embedded in the machine tool, it can obtain the actual trial cut height value measured by the machine tool, and dynamically adjust the Z-axis of the tool used when performing the trial cut on the workpiece based on the ideal Z-axis compensation amount and the actual trial cut height value.

[0021] In one embodiment, prior to the step of machining the workpiece on the machine tool, the following steps are included:

[0022] Obtain the digital model corresponding to the workpiece to be processed;

[0023] The processed surfaces adjacent to the area to be processed in the digital model are divided into equal-area meshes, and the curvature variation of each mesh surface is determined. The area to be processed is the mapping of the area to be processed in the workpiece in the digital model.

[0024] Identify the key grids from each grid whose surface curvature changes satisfy preset compensation conditions;

[0025] The critical mesh is identified as the test cutting point that needs to be tested.

[0026] In one embodiment, the step of determining the ideal Z-axis compensation amount required by the tool used when the machine tool performs a trial cut on the workpiece based on the acquired current state data of the machine tool includes:

[0027] Filter tool wear coefficient, machine tool thermal deformation, and material springback from the current status data of the machine tool;

[0028] Obtain the weight values ​​of the influence of tool wear coefficient, machine tool thermal deformation, and material springback on the trial cut;

[0029] Based on the weight value, the tool wear coefficient, the machine tool thermal deformation, and the material springback, the ideal Z-axis compensation amount of the tool used for trial cutting of the workpiece is determined.

[0030] Furthermore, to achieve the above objectives, this application also proposes a Z-axis adjustment device during machining, the Z-axis adjustment device during machining comprising:

[0031] The trial cutting module is used to perform a trial cut on the workpiece when processing to the trial cutting point of the workpiece, based on the trial cutting program embedded in CAM, to obtain the actual trial cutting height value measured by the machine tool;

[0032] The adjustment module is used to dynamically adjust the Z-axis of the tool used when test-cutting the workpiece based on the ideal Z-axis compensation amount and the actual test-cut height value. The ideal Z-axis compensation amount is determined by the CAM based on the current state data of the machine tool.

[0033] In addition, to achieve the above objectives, this application also proposes a Z-axis adjustment device during machining, the device comprising: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, the computer program being configured to implement the steps of the Z-axis adjustment method during machining as described above.

[0034] In addition, to achieve the above objectives, this application also proposes a storage medium, which is a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the Z-axis adjustment method for machining as described above.

[0035] In addition, to achieve the above objectives, this application also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the Z-axis adjustment method for machining as described above.

[0036] One or more technical solutions proposed in this application have at least the following technical effects:

[0037] When machining to the test cutting point of the workpiece, the test cutting program embedded in CAM (Computer-Aided Manufacturing) is used to perform a test cut on the workpiece to obtain the actual test cutting height value. Since CAM can intelligently generate the optimal test cutting path and cutting parameters, the test cutting program embedded in CAM can avoid repeated adjustments to the test cutting program. Furthermore, CAM can determine the ideal compensation amount for the Z-axis in the current test cutting stage based on the current state of the machine tool. Based on the ideal Z-axis compensation amount and the actual test cutting height value, the Z-axis of the tool used when test cutting the workpiece can be dynamically adjusted to avoid manual adjustments by the user, thus avoiding inconsistent adjustment standards. Since test cutting simulation is an ideal situation, directly applying the ideal Z-axis compensation amount to the actual test cut will result in a large test cutting error. Therefore, dynamically adjusting the Z-axis based on the ideal Z-axis compensation amount and the actual test cutting height can make the Z-axis compensation amount more consistent with the actual situation, so that the adjusted Z-axis can accurately meet the requirements, avoiding repeated adjustments to the Z-axis and improving the efficiency of tool Z-axis adjustment. Attached Figure Description

[0038] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0039] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0040] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the Z-axis adjustment method during machining according to Embodiment 1 of this application.

[0041] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating Embodiment 2 of the method for adjusting the Z-axis during machining according to this application.

[0042] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating Embodiment 2 of the method for adjusting the Z-axis during machining according to this application.

[0043] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the module structure of the Z-axis adjustment device during machining according to an embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the equipment structure of the hardware operating environment involved in the Z-axis adjustment method during machining in the embodiments of this application.

[0045] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this application will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0046] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0047] To better understand the technical solution of this application, a detailed description will be provided below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0048] The main solution of this application embodiment is as follows: when machining to the test cutting point of the workpiece to be machined, the machine tool performs a test cut on the workpiece to be machined based on the test cutting program embedded in the CAM, and obtains the actual test cutting height value measured by the machine tool; based on the ideal Z-axis compensation amount and the actual test cutting height value, the Z-axis of the tool used when test cutting the workpiece to be machined is dynamically adjusted, and the ideal Z-axis compensation amount is determined by the CAM according to the current state data of the machine tool.

[0049] In this embodiment, for ease of description, the following description uses a machine tool as the execution subject.

[0050] Because the programming and optimization of trial cutting programs in existing technologies usually rely on the experience of workers, and since there is no fixed standard for workers' experience, the trial cutting programs programmed by different workers may require different adjustments to the Z-axis of the tool in the machine tool. Moreover, when workers adjust the Z-axis of the tool, they usually do so based on their own experience. In other words, different workers have different adjustment standards, and repeated trial cutting and adjustments are required, which leads to low efficiency in adjusting the Z-axis of the tool.

[0051] This application provides a solution where, when machining to the test cutting point of the workpiece, a test cutting program embedded in a CAM is used to perform a test cut on the workpiece to obtain the actual test cutting height value. Since the CAM can intelligently generate the optimal test cutting path and cutting parameters, the test cutting program embedded in the CAM can avoid repeated adjustments to the test cutting program. Furthermore, the CAM can determine the ideal compensation amount for the Z-axis in the current test cutting stage based on the current state of the machine tool. Based on the ideal Z-axis compensation amount and the actual test cutting height value, the Z-axis of the tool used when test cutting the workpiece is dynamically adjusted to avoid manual adjustments by the user, thereby avoiding inconsistent adjustment standards. Since test cutting simulation is an ideal situation, directly applying the ideal Z-axis compensation amount to the actual test cut will result in a large test cutting error. Therefore, dynamically adjusting the Z-axis based on the ideal Z-axis compensation amount and the actual test cutting height can make the Z-axis compensation amount more consistent with the actual situation, so that the adjusted Z-axis can accurately meet the requirements, avoiding repeated adjustments to the Z-axis, thereby improving the adjustment efficiency of the tool's Z-axis.

[0052] It should be noted that the executing entity in this embodiment can be a computing service device with data processing, network communication, and program execution functions, such as a tablet computer, personal computer, or mobile phone, or an electronic device or machine tool capable of performing the above functions. The following description uses a machine tool as an example to illustrate this embodiment and the subsequent embodiments.

[0053] Based on this, embodiments of this application provide a method for adjusting the Z-axis during machining, referring to... Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the first embodiment of the Z-axis adjustment method during machining according to this application.

[0054] In this embodiment, the method for adjusting the Z-axis during machining includes steps S10~S20:

[0055] Step S10: When processing to the test cutting point of the workpiece to be processed, the workpiece to be processed is test cut based on the test cutting program embedded in CAM to obtain the actual test cutting height value measured by the machine tool.

[0056] It should be noted that a test cut point is a specific machining position pre-set during the machining process to calibrate and adjust the machine tool's machining parameters. Performing a test cut at this point ensures machining accuracy during the actual machining process. CAM is a technology that uses computer software for machining path planning, toolpath generation, and machining parameter setting. The test cut program is a program generated by CAM for performing test cuts at the test cut point. It includes at least the toolpath and machining parameters to obtain the actual test cut height value. The actual test cut height value is the actual machining height of the workpiece at the test cut point, obtained by the machine tool after performing the test cut.

[0057] Understandably, since the trial cutting program embedded in CAM is generated through computer-aided manufacturing technology, it can precisely control the tool path and machining parameters. Compared with manually written trial cutting programs, the CAM-generated program is more accurate, which can effectively reduce trial cutting errors caused by programming mistakes or human negligence. It also optimizes the trial cutting path and parameters, ensuring the reliability and repeatability of the trial cutting operation, thereby improving the trial cutting accuracy.

[0058] Understandably, because CAM can automatically generate and optimize trial cutting programs without requiring tedious manual programming and debugging, trial cutting programs can be quickly generated before machining and embedded into the machining process. This can shorten the preparation time for trial cutting and reduce the time required for writing and debugging trial cutting programs, thereby improving production efficiency.

[0059] Step S20: Based on the ideal Z-axis compensation amount and the actual test cutting height value, dynamically adjust the Z-axis of the tool used when test cutting the workpiece. The ideal Z-axis compensation amount is determined by CAM based on the current state data of the machine tool.

[0060] It should be noted that dynamic adjustment involves real-time adjustment of the Z-axis during the trial cutting process based on real-time data (such as the actual trial cutting height and operating data) to ensure the accuracy of the trial cutting. The current status data of the machine tool includes at least the tool wear coefficient, the amount of thermal deformation of the machine tool, and the springback of the workpiece material.

[0061] It is understandable that the ideal Z-axis compensation is a theoretical value calculated based on the current state data of the machine tool, while the actual test cutting height is the actual machining height measured by the machine tool at the test cutting point. Since the actual test cutting environment cannot reach the ideal test cutting environment, by comparing these two values, the actual deviation of the Z-axis can be determined, and dynamic adjustments can be made accordingly, so that the height of the Z-axis is more in line with the actual situation.

[0062] Understandably, since the process of dynamically adjusting the Z-axis is based on real-time data, it can respond promptly to changes in the machine tool's state. Therefore, it can ensure consistent accuracy for each workpiece during the machining process and reduce dimensional fluctuations caused by changes in the machine tool's state.

[0063] It is understandable that by obtaining the actual test cut height value through test cut operations and making dynamic adjustments in conjunction with the ideal Z-axis compensation amount, it is possible to effectively compensate for machining errors caused by factors such as tool wear, machine tool thermal deformation, and material springback during machine tool processing, thereby improving machining accuracy.

[0064] Understandably, the reliance on human experience is reduced by using CAM-embedded trial cutting programs and automated Z-axis adjustments, thereby lowering the frequency and difficulty of manual intervention and improving processing efficiency and quality consistency.

[0065] This embodiment provides a method for adjusting the Z-axis during machining. When machining to the test cutting point of the workpiece, a test cutting program embedded in the CAM is used to perform a test cut on the workpiece to obtain the actual test cutting height value. Since the CAM can intelligently generate the optimal test cutting path and cutting parameters, the test cutting program embedded in the CAM can avoid repeated adjustments to the test cutting program. Furthermore, the CAM can determine the ideal compensation amount for the Z-axis in the current test cutting stage based on the current state of the machine tool. Based on the ideal Z-axis compensation amount and the actual test cutting height value, the Z-axis of the tool used when test cutting the workpiece is dynamically adjusted to avoid manual adjustments by the user, thereby avoiding inconsistent adjustment standards. Since test cutting simulation is an ideal situation, directly applying the ideal Z-axis compensation amount to the actual test cut will result in a large test cutting error. Therefore, dynamically adjusting the Z-axis based on the ideal Z-axis compensation amount and the actual test cutting height can make the Z-axis compensation amount more consistent with the actual situation, so that the adjusted Z-axis can accurately meet the requirements, avoiding repeated adjustments to the Z-axis, thereby improving the efficiency of tool Z-axis adjustment.

[0066] Based on the first embodiment of this application, in the second embodiment of this application, the content that is the same as or similar to that in Embodiment 1 above can be referred to the above description, and will not be repeated hereafter. Based on this, please refer to... Figure 2 Step S20 includes steps S01 to S05:

[0067] Step S01: When dynamically adjusting the current test cut Z-axis based on the ideal Z-axis compensation amount and the actual test cut height value, the machine tool's operating data is acquired in real time.

[0068] Step S02: Send the running data to the CAM, so that the CAM can predict the cutting trajectory of the tool used when cutting the workpiece based on the running data.

[0069] Step S03: After dynamically adjusting the current test cut Z-axis, obtain the actual test cut trajectory of the tool used after adjusting the Z-axis;

[0070] Step S04: Based on the pre-test cutting trajectory and the actual test cutting trajectory, determine the trajectory offset of the tool used;

[0071] Step S05: Based on the offset, adjust the Z-axis until the offset meets the predicted offset requirement, so as to complete the adjustment of the Z-axis.

[0072] It should be noted that machine tool operating data refers to real-time data generated during machine tool operation, including at least data on machine tool vibration, temperature, and current. The pre-test cutting trajectory is the motion trajectory of the tool during a trial cut, simulated in advance by the CAM system based on the machine tool's operating data. The actual trial cutting trajectory is the actual trajectory traversed by the tool during the trial cut after dynamic adjustment of the Z-axis, reflecting the actual machining path of the tool. The trajectory offset is the deviation between the pre-test cutting trajectory and the actual trial cutting trajectory, used to evaluate the difference between the actual machining path and the predicted path. The predicted offset requirement is the maximum allowable trajectory offset set according to machining accuracy requirements, used to determine whether the Z-axis adjustment has achieved the expected effect.

[0073] Understandably, by acquiring operational data in real time and comparing the pre-test cutting trajectory with the actual test cutting trajectory, the Z-axis can be precisely adjusted, reducing machining errors and thus improving machining accuracy.

[0074] Understandably, by comparing the pre-test cutting trajectory of CAM with the actual test cutting trajectory, the adjustment direction and magnitude can be quickly determined, reducing adjustment time and improving processing efficiency.

[0075] Understandably, since the trajectory offset is the deviation between the pre-test cutting trajectory and the actual test cutting trajectory, reflecting the difference between the adjusted processing path and the expected path, by calculating the trajectory offset, we can evaluate whether the adjustment effect has achieved the expected result, thereby ensuring that the test cutting program and the Z-axis height value meet the actual requirements.

[0076] Optionally, since the tool will experience some wear after machining multiple workpieces, in order to ensure the quality of the final workpiece, a Z-axis adjustment can be performed again after a preset number of workpieces. For example, the tool wear compensation library can be automatically updated after machining every 10 workpieces to ensure that the dimensional repeatability accuracy between different batches is ≥99.8%.

[0077] Furthermore, step S20 also includes:

[0078] After completing the adjustment of the Z-axis, obtain the tool path of the tool used during the trial cut;

[0079] Based on a preset spline curve smooth transition method, the connection between the tool path and the main machining path is optimized for smooth transition. The main machining path is the machining path when the workpiece is being machined normally.

[0080] It should be noted that the toolpath is the actual path the tool travels during machining, and it is a record of tool movement, reflecting changes in tool position during machining, including the path during trial cuts. The spline curve smooth transition method is used to generate smooth curves to achieve a smooth transition between the trial cut path and the main machining path. The main machining path is the trajectory formed when the tool follows a preset machining path during normal machining.

[0081] It is understandable that discontinuities or abrupt changes may occur between the tool path and the main machining path during the machining process, which may lead to unevenness or machining errors on the machined surface. Therefore, smooth transition optimization can reduce such discontinuities, making the tool transition more smoothly from the trial cutting path to the main machining path, thereby improving the quality of the machined surface, reducing tool wear, and extending tool life.

[0082] Based on the first and second embodiments of this application, the same or similar content as the above embodiments in the third embodiment of this application can be referred to the above description and will not be repeated hereafter. Based on this, the method for adjusting the Z-axis during machining, applied to the CAM end, please refer to... Figure 3 The method for adjusting the Z-axis during machining further includes steps S1 to S4:

[0083] Step S1: When the machine tool is machining to the test cutting point of the workpiece to be machined, based on the current state data of the machine tool, determine the ideal Z-axis compensation amount required by the tool used by the machine tool when performing test cutting on the workpiece to be machined.

[0084] Step S2: The ideal Z-axis compensation amount is sent to the machine tool so that when the machine tool performs a trial cut on the workpiece based on the trial cut program embedded in the machine tool, it can obtain the actual trial cut height value measured by the machine tool, and dynamically adjust the Z-axis of the tool used when performing the trial cut on the workpiece based on the ideal Z-axis compensation amount and the actual trial cut height value.

[0085] It should be noted that the digital model is a three-dimensional computer-aided design (CAD) model of the workpiece to be processed, containing information such as the workpiece's geometry, dimensions, and surface features. In this embodiment, it also includes the area to be processed. The machine tool's current status data is a series of data on the machine tool in its current processing state, including tool wear, machine tool thermal deformation, material springback, cutting parameters, etc., to reflect the actual operating state of the machine tool. The tangent angle deviation is the angular deviation between the tangent direction of the tool path at the trial cutting point and the tangent direction of the main machining trajectory, used to evaluate the smoothness of the transition between the trial cutting path and the main machining trajectory. The preset transition deviation is the maximum allowable tangent angle deviation set according to the machining accuracy requirements, used to ensure a smooth transition between the trial cutting path and the main machining trajectory.

[0086] Understandably, since the selection of trial cutting points needs to consider the geometric features and processing requirements of the workpiece, they are usually selected at key locations or complex shape areas of the workpiece to more accurately evaluate processing accuracy and adjust machine tool parameters. Therefore, by determining the trial cutting points in the digital model, the pertinence and effectiveness of the trial cutting operation can be ensured, unnecessary trial cutting times can be reduced, and processing efficiency can be improved.

[0087] Understandably, by embedding a trial cutting program and controlling the tangent angle deviation, the discontinuity between the trial cutting path and the main machining trajectory can be reduced, the quality of the machined surface can be improved, and tool wear and vibration during the machining process can be reduced.

[0088] Understandably, calculating the ideal Z-axis compensation amount requires comprehensive consideration of factors such as machine tool wear, machine tool thermal deformation, and material springback. By accurately calculating the ideal Z-axis compensation amount, machining errors can be effectively compensated, machining accuracy can be improved, thereby ensuring the accuracy and reliability of trial cutting operations.

[0089] Specifically, the formula for calculating the ideal Z-axis compensation is as follows:

[0090] ΔZ = α × (tool wear coefficient) + β × (machine tool thermal deformation) + γ × (material springback);

[0091] Where α is the weight of the tool wear coefficient; β is the weight of the machine tool thermal deformation; and γ is the weight of the material springback.

[0092] Furthermore, the procedure before step S1 includes:

[0093] Obtain the digital model corresponding to the workpiece to be processed;

[0094] The processed surfaces adjacent to the area to be processed in the digital model are divided into equal-area meshes, and the curvature variation of each mesh surface is determined.

[0095] Identify the key grids from each grid whose surface curvature changes satisfy preset compensation conditions;

[0096] The critical mesh is identified as the test cutting point that needs to be tested.

[0097] It should be noted that the area to be processed is the mapping of the area in the workpiece that needs to be processed in the digital model. This area is the part of the workpiece that has been pre-processed but not yet machined; it needs to be processed by a machine tool to meet design requirements. The processed surface is the surface that has been pre-processed and can be directly machined. Equal-area meshing divides the processed surface into multiple virtual small meshes of equal area for analyzing and evaluating the surface's geometric features. Surface curvature variation describes the curvature variation of the mesh surface; curvature is a geometric parameter describing the degree of surface bending; curvature variation reflects the complexity of the surface. Preset compensation conditions are conditions set according to machining accuracy requirements. For example, if the deviation tangent angle is greater than 0.5°, the surface is considered too complex and trial cutting is required. The critical mesh is the mesh that meets the preset compensation conditions, typically located in areas with large curvature variations or high machining accuracy requirements.

[0098] Understandably, since equal-area meshing is a commonly used geometric analysis method that can decompose complex surfaces into multiple small regions, making analysis and processing easier, equal-area meshing and curvature analysis can accurately identify complex regions of the surface, thereby ensuring that the selection of trial cutting points is more reasonable and scientific, and improving processing accuracy and reliability.

[0099] In practical implementation, the adjacent processed surfaces of the area to be processed can be divided into equal areas of 2mm×2mm grid with an area error of <0.1%. 3 to 5 key compensation points can be automatically identified. Specifically, areas with a surface curvature change of >15% are selected first.

[0100] Furthermore, step S4 also includes:

[0101] Filter the tool wear coefficient, machine tool thermal deformation, and material springback from the current status data;

[0102] Obtain the weight values ​​of the influence of tool wear coefficient, machine tool thermal deformation, and material springback on the trial cut;

[0103] Based on the weight value, the tool wear coefficient, the machine tool thermal deformation, and the material springback, the ideal Z-axis compensation amount of the tool used for trial cutting of the workpiece is determined.

[0104] It should be noted that the tool wear coefficient is a quantitative parameter that measures the degree of tool wear and is used to assess the machining error caused by tool wear during the machining process. Machine tool thermal deformation is the amount of geometric deformation caused by thermal effects during machining, which typically affects machining accuracy and quality. Material springback is the amount of dimensional change in the material after machining due to elastic recovery, which typically affects the actual dimensional accuracy after machining.

[0105] Understandably, by combining the weight values ​​of each factor with the corresponding basic data, an ideal Z-axis compensation amount that comprehensively considers multiple sources of error can be calculated, which can more accurately compensate for machining errors and improve machining accuracy and stability.

[0106] It should be noted that the above examples are only for understanding this application and do not constitute a limitation on the Z-axis adjustment method during machining. Any simple modifications based on this technical concept are within the protection scope of this application.

[0107] This application also provides a Z-axis adjustment device for machining, applied to machine tools; please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 4 The Z-axis adjustment device during machining includes:

[0108] The test cutting module 10 is used to perform a test cut on the workpiece to be processed based on the test cutting program embedded in CAM when processing to the test cutting point of the workpiece to be processed, so as to obtain the actual test cutting height value measured by the machine tool.

[0109] The adjustment module 20 is used to dynamically adjust the Z-axis of the tool used when test-cutting the workpiece based on the ideal Z-axis compensation amount and the actual test-cut height value. The ideal Z-axis compensation amount is determined by the CAM based on the current state data of the machine tool.

[0110] Optionally, the adjustment module 20 is further configured to: acquire the machine tool's operating data in real time when dynamically adjusting the current test-cutting Z-axis based on the ideal Z-axis compensation amount and the actual test-cutting height value; send the operating data to the CAM, so that the CAM can predict the pre-test cutting trajectory of the tool used when testing the workpiece to be processed based on the operating data; after dynamically adjusting the current test-cutting Z-axis, acquire the actual test-cutting trajectory of the tool used after adjusting the Z-axis; determine the trajectory offset of the tool used based on the pre-test cutting trajectory and the actual test-cutting trajectory; and adjust the Z-axis based on the offset until the offset meets the predicted offset requirement, thereby completing the adjustment of the Z-axis.

[0111] Optionally, the adjustment module 20 is also used to obtain the tool path of the tool used during the trial cut after the adjustment of the Z-axis is completed; and to optimize the smooth transition at the connection between the tool path and the main machining path based on the preset spline curve smooth transition method, wherein the main machining path is the machining path when the workpiece to be processed is normally processed.

[0112] Optionally, the Z-axis adjustment device during machining is applied to the CAM end, as shown in the reference. Figure 4 The device further includes:

[0113] The simulation module 30 is used to determine the ideal Z-axis compensation amount required by the tool when the machine tool is processing to the test cutting point of the workpiece, based on the current state data of the machine tool; and to send the ideal Z-axis compensation amount to the machine tool so that the machine tool can obtain the actual test cutting height value measured by the machine tool when test cutting the workpiece based on the test cutting program embedded in the machine tool, and to dynamically adjust the Z-axis of the tool used when test cutting the workpiece based on the ideal Z-axis compensation amount and the actual test cutting height value.

[0114] Optionally, the simulation module 30 is further configured to acquire a digital model corresponding to the workpiece to be processed; divide the processed surface adjacent to the area to be processed in the digital model into equal-area meshes, and determine the curvature change of each mesh surface, wherein the area to be processed is the mapping of the area to be processed in the workpiece to be processed in the digital model; identify key meshes from each meshes whose curvature change satisfies preset compensation conditions; and determine the key meshes as test cutting points that need to be test cut.

[0115] Optionally, the simulation module 30 is further configured to filter tool wear coefficient, machine tool thermal deformation, and material springback from the current state data; obtain the weight values ​​of the influence of tool wear coefficient, machine tool thermal deformation, and material springback on the trial cut; and determine the ideal Z-axis compensation amount of the tool used for the trial cut of the workpiece based on the weight values ​​and the tool wear coefficient, the machine tool thermal deformation, and the material springback.

[0116] The Z-axis adjustment device for machining provided in this application, employing the Z-axis adjustment method for machining described in the above embodiments, can solve the technical problem of low efficiency in adjusting the Z-axis of the cutting tool. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the Z-axis adjustment device for machining provided in this application are the same as those of the Z-axis adjustment method for machining provided in the above embodiments, and other technical features of the Z-axis adjustment device for machining are the same as those disclosed in the methods of the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0117] This application provides a Z-axis adjustment device for machining. The Z-axis adjustment device for machining includes: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the Z-axis adjustment method for machining described in Embodiment 1 above.

[0118] Reference below Figure 5This document illustrates a structural schematic diagram of a Z-axis adjustment device suitable for implementing the embodiments of this application during machining. The Z-axis adjustment device during machining in the embodiments of this application may include, but is not limited to, mobile terminals such as mobile phones, laptops, digital radio receivers, PDAs (Personal Digital Assistants), PADs (Portable Application Description), PMPs (Portable Media Players), in-vehicle terminals (e.g., in-vehicle navigation terminals), and fixed terminals such as digital TVs and desktop computers. Figure 5 The Z-axis adjustment device shown during machining is merely an example and should not impose any limitation on the functionality and scope of use of the embodiments of this application.

[0119] like Figure 5 As shown, the Z-axis adjustment device during machining may include a processing unit 1001 (e.g., a central processing unit, a graphics processor, etc.), which can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to a program stored in a read-only memory (ROM) 1002 or a program loaded from a storage device 1003 into a random access memory (RAM) 1004. The RAM 1004 also stores various programs and data required for the operation of the Z-axis adjustment device during machining. The processing unit 1001, ROM 1002, and RAM 1004 are interconnected via a bus 1005. An input / output (I / O) interface 1006 is also connected to the bus. Typically, the following systems can be connected to I / O interface 1006: input devices 1007 including, for example, touchscreens, touchpads, keyboards, mice, image sensors, microphones, accelerometers, gyroscopes, etc.; output devices 1008 including, for example, liquid crystal displays (LCDs), speakers, vibrators, etc.; storage devices 1003 including, for example, magnetic tapes, hard disks, etc.; and communication devices 1009. Communication device 1009 allows the Z-axis adjustment device during machining to communicate wirelessly or wiredly with other devices to exchange data. Although the figure shows Z-axis adjustment devices during machining with various systems, it should be understood that it is not required to implement or possess all the systems shown. More or fewer systems can be implemented alternatively.

[0120] Specifically, according to the embodiments disclosed in this application, the processes described above with reference to the flowcharts can be implemented as computer software programs. For example, embodiments disclosed in this application include a computer program product comprising a computer program carried on a computer-readable medium, the computer program containing program code for performing the methods shown in the flowcharts. In such embodiments, the computer program can be downloaded and installed from a network via a communication device, or installed from storage device 1003, or installed from ROM 1002. When the computer program is executed by processing device 1001, it performs the functions defined in the methods of the embodiments disclosed in this application.

[0121] The Z-axis adjustment device for machining provided in this application, employing the Z-axis adjustment method for machining described in the above embodiments, can solve the technical problem of low efficiency in adjusting the Z-axis of the cutting tool. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the Z-axis adjustment device for machining provided in this application are the same as those of the Z-axis adjustment method for machining provided in the above embodiments, and other technical features of this Z-axis adjustment device for machining are the same as those disclosed in the previous embodiment method, and will not be repeated here.

[0122] It should be understood that the various parts disclosed in this application can be implemented using hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the description of the above embodiments, specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0123] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

[0124] This application provides a computer-readable storage medium having computer-readable program instructions (i.e., a computer program) stored thereon, the computer-readable program instructions being used to execute the Z-axis adjustment method during machining as described in the above embodiments.

[0125] The computer-readable storage medium provided in this application may be, for example, a USB flash drive, but is not limited to, electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, devices, or any combination thereof. More specific examples of computer-readable storage media may include, but are not limited to: electrical connections having one or more wires, portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fiber, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination thereof. In this embodiment, the computer-readable storage medium may be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that can be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, system, or device. The program code contained on the computer-readable storage medium may be transmitted using any suitable medium, including but not limited to: wires, optical cables, RF (Radio Frequency), etc., or any suitable combination thereof.

[0126] The aforementioned computer-readable storage medium may be included in the Z-axis adjustment device during machining; or it may exist independently and not be assembled into the Z-axis adjustment device during machining.

[0127] The aforementioned computer-readable storage medium carries one or more programs that, when executed by a machining Z-axis adjustment device, cause the machining Z-axis adjustment device to: when machining to the test cutting point of the workpiece, perform a test cut on the workpiece based on a test cutting program embedded in the CAM to obtain the actual test cutting height value measured by the machine tool; and dynamically adjust the Z-axis of the tool used when test cutting the workpiece based on the ideal Z-axis compensation amount and the actual test cutting height value, wherein the ideal Z-axis compensation amount is determined by the CAM according to the current state data of the machine tool.

[0128] Computer program code for performing the operations of this application can be written in one or more programming languages ​​or a combination thereof, including object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Java, Smalltalk, and C++, and conventional procedural programming languages ​​such as the "C" language or similar programming languages. The program code can be executed entirely on the user's computer, partially on the user's computer, as a standalone software package, partially on the user's computer and partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server. In cases involving remote computers, the remote computer can be connected to the user's computer via any type of network—including a Local Area Network (LAN) or a Wide Area Network (WAN)—or can be connected to an external computer (e.g., via the Internet using an Internet service provider).

[0129] The flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of this application. In this regard, each block in a flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, segment, or portion of code containing one or more executable instructions for implementing a specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions indicated in the blocks may occur in a different order than those indicated in the drawings. For example, two consecutively indicated blocks may actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be executed in reverse order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each block in the block diagrams and / or flowcharts, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and / or flowcharts, can be implemented using a dedicated hardware-based system that performs the specified function or operation, or using a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0130] The modules described in the embodiments of this application can be implemented in software or hardware. The names of the modules do not necessarily limit the functionality of the unit itself.

[0131] The readable storage medium provided in this application is a computer-readable storage medium that stores computer-readable program instructions (i.e., a computer program) for executing the above-described method for adjusting the Z-axis during machining, thereby solving the technical problem of low efficiency in adjusting the Z-axis of the cutting tool. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the computer-readable storage medium provided in this application are the same as those of the Z-axis adjustment method for machining provided in the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0132] This application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the above-described method for adjusting the Z-axis during machining.

[0133] The computer program product provided in this application can solve the technical problem of low efficiency in adjusting the Z-axis of the cutting tool. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the computer program product provided in this application are the same as those of the Z-axis adjustment method during machining provided in the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0134] The above description is only a part of the embodiments of this application and does not limit the scope of protection of this application. All equivalent structural transformations made under the technical concept of this application and using the content of this application specification and drawings, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included in the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A method for adjusting the Z-axis during machining, characterized in that, When applied to machine tools, the method includes: When machining to the test cutting point of the workpiece, the test cutting program embedded in CAM is used to perform a test cut on the workpiece to obtain the actual test cutting height value measured by the machine tool; Based on the ideal Z-axis compensation amount and the actual test cut height value, the Z-axis of the tool used when test-cutting the workpiece is dynamically adjusted. The ideal Z-axis compensation amount is determined by the CAM based on the current state data of the machine tool. Specifically, the ideal Z-axis compensation amount is determined by the CAM by filtering tool wear coefficient, machine tool thermal deformation, and material springback from the current state data of the machine tool, and obtaining the weight values ​​of the influence of tool wear coefficient, machine tool thermal deformation, and material springback on the test cut. The determination is based on the weight values ​​and the tool wear coefficient, machine tool thermal deformation, and material springback. The step of dynamically adjusting the Z-axis of the tool used when test-cutting the workpiece based on the ideal Z-axis compensation amount and the actual test-cut height value includes: When dynamically adjusting the current test cut Z-axis based on the ideal Z-axis compensation amount and the actual test cut height value, the machine tool's operating data is acquired in real time; wherein, the actual deviation of the Z-axis is determined by comparing the ideal Z-axis compensation amount and the actual test cut height value, and the Z-axis is dynamically adjusted according to the actual deviation of the Z-axis; The running data is sent to the CAM, so that the CAM can pre-test the cutting trajectory of the tool used when cutting the workpiece to be processed based on the running data. After dynamically adjusting the Z-axis of the current trial cut, the actual trial cut trajectory of the tool used after adjusting the Z-axis is obtained; Based on the pre-test cutting trajectory and the actual test cutting trajectory, the trajectory offset of the tool used is determined; Based on the offset, the Z-axis is adjusted until the offset meets the predicted offset requirement, thus completing the adjustment of the Z-axis.

2. The method for adjusting the Z-axis during machining as described in claim 1, characterized in that, After the step of dynamically adjusting the Z-axis of the tool used for test cutting the workpiece based on the ideal Z-axis compensation amount and the actual test cutting height value, the method further includes: After completing the adjustment of the Z-axis, obtain the tool path of the tool used during the trial cut; Based on a preset spline curve smooth transition method, the connection between the tool path and the main machining path is optimized for smooth transition. The main machining path is the machining path when the workpiece is being machined normally.

3. A method for adjusting the Z-axis during machining, characterized in that, When applied to the CAM end, the method includes: When the machine tool reaches the test cutting point of the workpiece, based on the acquired current state data of the machine tool, the ideal Z-axis compensation amount required by the tool used for the test cutting of the workpiece is determined. The ideal Z-axis compensation amount is determined by the CAM (Machine Tool Assembly) from the current state data of the machine tool, filtering tool wear coefficient, machine tool thermal deformation, and material springback; and obtaining the weight values ​​of the influence of tool wear coefficient, machine tool thermal deformation, and material springback on the test cutting; the determination is based on the weight values ​​and the tool wear coefficient, machine tool thermal deformation, and material springback. The ideal Z-axis compensation value is sent to the machine tool so that the machine tool can obtain the actual test cutting height value measured by the machine tool when test cutting the workpiece based on the test cutting program embedded in the machine tool. Based on the ideal Z-axis compensation value and the actual test cutting height value, the Z-axis of the tool used when test cutting the workpiece is dynamically adjusted. The step of dynamically adjusting the Z-axis of the tool used when test cutting the workpiece based on the ideal Z-axis compensation value and the actual test cutting height value includes: When dynamically adjusting the current test cut Z-axis based on the ideal Z-axis compensation amount and the actual test cut height value, the machine tool's operating data is acquired in real time; wherein, the actual deviation of the Z-axis is determined by comparing the ideal Z-axis compensation amount and the actual test cut height value, and the Z-axis is dynamically adjusted according to the actual deviation of the Z-axis; The running data is sent to the CAM, so that the CAM can pre-test the cutting trajectory of the tool used when cutting the workpiece to be processed based on the running data. After dynamically adjusting the Z-axis of the current trial cut, the actual trial cut trajectory of the tool used after adjusting the Z-axis is obtained; Based on the pre-test cutting trajectory and the actual test cutting trajectory, the trajectory offset of the tool used is determined; Based on the offset, the Z-axis is adjusted until the offset meets the predicted offset requirement, thus completing the adjustment of the Z-axis.

4. The method for adjusting the Z-axis during machining as described in claim 3, characterized in that, Before the step of machining the workpiece on a machine tool, the following steps are included: Obtain the digital model corresponding to the workpiece to be processed; The processed surfaces adjacent to the area to be processed in the digital model are divided into equal-area meshes, and the curvature variation of each mesh surface is determined. The area to be processed is the mapping of the area to be processed in the workpiece in the digital model. Identify the key grids from each grid whose surface curvature changes satisfy preset compensation conditions; The critical mesh is identified as the test cutting point that needs to be tested.

5. A Z-axis adjustment device for machining, characterized in that, Applied to machine tools, the device includes: The trial cutting module is used to perform a trial cut on the workpiece when processing to the trial cutting point of the workpiece, based on the trial cutting program embedded in CAM, to obtain the actual trial cutting height value measured by the machine tool; The adjustment module is used to dynamically adjust the Z-axis of the tool used when test-cutting the workpiece based on the ideal Z-axis compensation amount and the actual test-cut height value. The ideal Z-axis compensation amount is determined by the CAM based on the current state data of the machine tool. Specifically, the ideal Z-axis compensation amount is determined by the CAM by filtering tool wear coefficient, machine tool thermal deformation, and material springback from the current state data of the machine tool; and obtaining the weight values ​​of the influence of tool wear coefficient, machine tool thermal deformation, and material springback on the test cut; and is determined based on the weight values ​​and the tool wear coefficient, machine tool thermal deformation, and material springback. The adjustment module is used to achieve: When dynamically adjusting the current test cut Z-axis based on the ideal Z-axis compensation amount and the actual test cut height value, the machine tool's operating data is acquired in real time; wherein, the actual deviation of the Z-axis is determined by comparing the ideal Z-axis compensation amount and the actual test cut height value, and the Z-axis is dynamically adjusted according to the actual deviation of the Z-axis; The running data is sent to the CAM, so that the CAM can pre-test the cutting trajectory of the tool used when cutting the workpiece to be processed based on the running data. After dynamically adjusting the Z-axis of the current trial cut, the actual trial cut trajectory of the tool used after adjusting the Z-axis is obtained; Based on the pre-test cutting trajectory and the actual test cutting trajectory, the trajectory offset of the tool used is determined; Based on the offset, the Z-axis is adjusted until the offset meets the predicted offset requirement, thus completing the adjustment of the Z-axis.

6. A Z-axis adjustment device for machining, characterized in that, The device includes: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, the computer program being configured to implement the steps of the method for adjusting the Z-axis during machining as described in any one of claims 1 to 4.

7. A storage medium, characterized in that, The storage medium is a computer-readable storage medium, and a computer program is stored on the storage medium. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the machining Z-axis adjustment method as described in any one of claims 1 to 4.

8. A computer program product, characterized in that, The computer program product includes a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the machining Z-axis adjustment method as described in any one of claims 1 to 4.

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