Light drilling test equipment and drilling test method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of drilling, and discloses light drilling testing equipment which comprises a guide rod, a fixing mechanism and a driving mechanism, the fixing mechanism comprises a vertical plate, two bottom plates, a threaded shaft, a threaded sleeve and an inserting sleeve, and the bottom of the vertical plate is fixedly provided with the two bottom plates. Threaded shafts are fixedly installed on the inner left wall and the inner right wall of the vertical plate, threaded sleeves are in threaded connection with the exteriors of the two threaded shafts, and inserting sleeves are fixedly installed on the exteriors of the two threaded sleeves. According to the light drilling test equipment and the drilling test method, when an operator steps on a pedal at a constant speed, a second steel wire rope changes the direction of force through four conduction wheels to pull a connecting rod to move upwards along a sliding rod to lift a heavy hammer, the heavy hammer freely falls after the pedal is released, and the heavy hammer is repeatedly lifted by hands with foot operation, so that the fatigue of upper limbs is reduced; and the transmission wheel enables force transmission to be stable, the falling distance of the heavy hammer can be accurately controlled, and deviation of manual operation is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of drilling technology, in particular to a light drilling test device and a drilling test method. Background Art

[0002] Lightweight dynamic probing is an important in-situ testing technology in geotechnical engineering. It mainly uses a penetrating hammer of a certain weight to fall freely at a specified drop distance, and then drives a cone probe of specific specifications into the soil layer. The mechanical properties and uniformity of the shallow soil layer are evaluated based on the number of hammer blows. This method is widely used in scenarios such as building foundation investigation, highway and railway roadbed inspection, and municipal engineering geological surveys. It has the advantages of light equipment, flexible operation, and low cost. It can provide key parameters such as stratum strength and density for engineering design and construction.

[0003] However, current lightweight dynamic penetration testing still relies on manual operation. In manual operation mode, the operator needs to frequently repeat the "lift hammer-drop hammer-record" action, which can easily cause physical fatigue in complex terrain or long-depth testing, resulting in drop distance control deviation and unstable hammer frequency, which directly affects the reliability of test data. Therefore, a lightweight drilling test equipment and drilling test method are proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] (1) Technical problems solved

[0005] In response to the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a lightweight drilling test equipment and a drilling test method, which have the advantage of effectively alleviating the problem of personnel fatigue in the manual operation mode, and solves the problem that the current lightweight dynamic probing still relies on manual operation. In the manual operation mode, the operator needs to frequently repeat the "lift hammer-drop hammer-record" action, which is easy to cause limb fatigue in complex terrain or long depth testing, resulting in drop distance control deviation and unstable hammer frequency, which directly affects the reliability of test data.

[0006] (2) Technical solution

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose of effectively alleviating the problem of personnel fatigue in manual operation mode, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a light drilling test equipment, comprising a guide rod, a fixing mechanism and a driving mechanism, the fixing mechanism comprising a vertical plate, a bottom plate, a threaded shaft, a threaded sleeve and a plug-in sleeve, the bottom of the vertical plate being fixedly mounted with two bottom plates, the inner left wall and the inner right wall of the vertical plate being fixedly mounted with threaded shafts, the outer portions of the two threaded shafts being threadedly connected with threaded sleeves, and the outer portions of the two threaded sleeves being fixedly mounted with plug-in sleeves;

[0008] The driving mechanism includes a sliding rod, a connecting rod, a first steel wire rope, a connecting sleeve, a driving box, a conduction wheel, a second steel wire rope, a limit block, a limit cylinder, a spring, a connecting block and a pedal. The inner left wall and the inner right wall of the vertical plate are fixedly installed with a sliding rod, a connecting rod is slidably connected between the two sliding rods, two first steel wire ropes are fixedly installed on the bottom of the connecting rod, and the bottoms of the two first steel wire ropes are fixedly installed with a connecting sleeve. The outside of the vertical plate is fixedly installed with a driving box, the inside of the driving box is fixedly installed with a conduction wheel, and the outer surface of the conduction wheel is movably installed with a second steel wire rope, the left side of the vertical plate is fixedly installed with a limit block and a limit cylinder, the inside of the limit cylinder is fixedly installed with a spring, the inside of the limit cylinder is slidably connected with a connecting block, and the top of the connecting block is fixedly installed with a pedal.

[0009] Preferably, a drill bit is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the guide rod, a heavy hammer is slidably connected to the outside of the guide rod, handles are fixedly mounted on both sides of the heavy hammer, and a multi-purpose handle is fixedly mounted on the outside of the guide rod.

[0010] Preferably, the two plug-in sleeves are respectively plugged into the left and right ends of the multi-purpose handle, the two connecting sleeves are respectively connected to the two carrying sleeves, and the two sliding rods are both close to the inner top wall of the vertical plate.

[0011] Preferably, the number of the conduction wheels is four, two of which are fixedly mounted on the top of the vertical plate, and the other two are fixedly mounted on the left side of the vertical plate.

[0012] Preferably, the top of the second steel wire rope passes through the top of the vertical plate and is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting rod, and the bottom of the second steel wire rope passes through the limiting block and is fixedly connected to the top of the pedal.

[0013] Preferably, the bottom of the spring is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the limiting cylinder, and the top of the spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting block.

[0014] Preferably, the connecting rod is located directly above the guide rod.

[0015] A drilling test method for a lightweight drilling test device includes the lightweight drilling test device and the following steps:

[0016] S1. Equipment installation and fixation: Place the equipment at the test point through the base plate, with the vertical plate perpendicular to the ground; align the drill bit at the bottom of the guide rod with the hole position, insert the plug-in sleeve into the two ends of the multi-purpose connector, rotate the threaded sleeve along the threaded axis to tighten the guide rod; connect the connecting sleeve to the heavy hammer handle, and the first wire rope is connected to the connecting rod and the second wire rope;

[0017] S2. Drilling operation: Press the pedal at a constant speed. The second wire rope pulls the connecting rod upward along the sliding rod through the transmission wheel, raising the weight to the set height. Release the pedal, and the weight falls freely to impact the drill bit and penetrate the soil layer. The operation is cyclical according to the frequency.

[0018] S3. Data recording: record the number of hammer blows at each penetration depth, and observe the drill bit's penetration and soil return characteristics;

[0019] S4. Stratum Assessment: Based on the "hammer count-depth" data and the soil samples brought out by the drill bit, the soil density, bearing capacity and other parameters and uniformity are assessed in accordance with the relevant regulations;

[0020] S5. Equipment disassembly: Rotate the threaded sleeve counterclockwise to loosen the plug sleeve, remove the guide rod and drill bit, and clean the debris on the surface of the equipment.

[0021] (3) Beneficial effects

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a lightweight drilling test equipment and a drilling test method, which have the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. This lightweight drilling test equipment and drilling test method utilizes the cooperation of the pedal, the second steel wire rope, and the transmission wheel in the driving mechanism. When the operator steps on the pedal at a constant speed, the second steel wire rope changes the direction of force through the four transmission wheels, pulling the connecting rod upward along the sliding rod to lift the heavy hammer. After the pedal is released, the heavy hammer falls freely. The repeated lifting action of the hammer by hand is replaced by foot operation, which reduces upper limb fatigue. The transmission wheel ensures stable force transmission, and the drop distance of the heavy hammer can be accurately controlled to avoid deviations in manual operation.

[0024] 2. This light drilling test equipment and drilling test method, through the linkage of the threaded sleeve and the plug-in sleeve in the fixing mechanism and the connecting sleeve and the first steel wire rope in the driving mechanism, the threaded sleeve can be rotated to tighten the plug-in sleeve to the guide rod. After the connecting sleeve is connected to the handle, the pedal is stepped on to drive the first steel wire rope to link the heavy hammer, so that the lifting height of the heavy hammer and the hammering frequency are stable and controllable, reducing the frequency instability problem caused by fatigue of manual operation and improving the reliability of test data. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the fixing mechanism and the driving mechanism of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the fixing mechanism of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the driving mechanism of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 1 A is an enlarged schematic diagram;

[0030] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged schematic diagram of point B in FIG.

[0031] In the figure: 1. Guide rod; 2. Fixing mechanism; 201. Vertical plate; 202. Bottom plate; 203. Threaded shaft; 204. Threaded sleeve; 205. Connecting sleeve; 3. Driving mechanism; 301. Sliding rod; 302. Connecting rod; 303. First steel wire rope; 304. Connecting sleeve; 305. Driving box; 306. Transmission wheel; 307. Second steel wire rope; 308. Limit block; 309. Limit cylinder; 310. Spring; 311. Connecting block; 312. Pedal; 4. Drill bit; 5. Heavy hammer; 6. Handle; 7. Multi-purpose handle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] See also Figure 1-6 A lightweight drilling test device includes a guide rod 1, a fixing mechanism 2, and a driving mechanism 3. The fixing mechanism 2 includes a vertical plate 201, a bottom plate 202, a threaded shaft 203, a threaded sleeve 204, and a plug-in sleeve 205. Two bottom plates 202 are fixedly installed at the bottom of the vertical plate 201. The inner left wall and the inner right wall of the vertical plate 201 are both fixedly installed with threaded shafts 203. The outer parts of the two threaded shafts 203 are both threadedly connected to the threaded sleeves 204. The outer parts of the two threaded sleeves 204 are fixedly installed with the plug-in sleeves 205.

[0034] The driving mechanism 3 includes a sliding rod 301, a connecting rod 302, a first steel wire rope 303, a connecting sleeve 304, a driving box 305, a conducting wheel 306, a second steel wire rope 307, a limiting block 308, a limiting cylinder 309, a spring 310, a connecting block 311 and a pedal 312. The inner left wall and the inner right wall of the vertical plate 201 are fixedly installed with a sliding rod 301, and a connecting rod 302 is slidably connected between the two sliding rods 301. The bottom of the connecting rod 302 is fixedly installed with two first steel wire ropes 303. The two first A connecting sleeve 304 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the wire rope 303, a driving box 305 is fixedly installed on the outside of the vertical plate 201, a conduction wheel 306 is fixedly installed inside the driving box 305, and a second wire rope 307 is movably installed on the outer surface of the conduction wheel 306. A limiting block 308 and a limiting cylinder 309 are fixedly installed on the left side of the vertical plate 201, a spring 310 is fixedly installed inside the limiting cylinder 309, a connecting block 311 is slidably connected to the inside of the limiting cylinder 309, and a pedal 312 is fixedly installed on the top of the connecting block 311.

[0035] A drill bit 4 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the guide rod 1, a heavy hammer 5 is slidably connected to the outside of the guide rod 1, handles 6 are fixedly installed on the left and right sides of the heavy hammer 5, and a multi-purpose handle 7 is fixedly installed on the outside of the guide rod 1.

[0036] A drilling test method for a lightweight drilling test device includes the lightweight drilling test device and the following steps:

[0037] S1. Equipment Installation and Fixing: Place the equipment at the test point through the base plate 202, with the vertical plate 201 perpendicular to the ground; align the drill bit 4 at the bottom of the guide rod 1 with the hole, insert the plug sleeve 205 into the two ends of the multi-purpose handle 7, rotate the threaded sleeve 204 along the threaded shaft 203 to tighten the guide rod 1; connect the connecting sleeve 304 to the weight 5 handle 6, and the first wire rope 303 is connected to the connecting rod 302 and the second wire rope 307;

[0038] S2, drilling operation: Depress the pedal 312 at a constant speed, the second wire rope 307 pulls the connecting rod 302 upward along the sliding rod 301 via the transmission wheel 306, and lifts the weight 5 to the set height; release the pedal 312, and the weight 5 falls freely to impact the drill bit 4 and penetrate the soil layer, and the operation is cyclic according to the frequency;

[0039] S3. Data recording: record the number of hammer blows at each penetration depth, and observe the drill bit's penetration and soil return characteristics;

[0040] S4. Stratum Assessment: Based on the "hammer count-depth" data and the soil samples brought out by the drill bit, the soil density, bearing capacity and other parameters and uniformity are assessed in accordance with the relevant regulations;

[0041] S5. Equipment disassembly: rotate the threaded sleeve 204 counterclockwise to loosen the plug sleeve 205, remove the guide rod 1 and the drill bit 4, and clean the debris on the surface of the equipment.

[0042] Example 1:

[0043] The specific implementation methods for equipment installation and fixation are:

[0044] Place the device horizontally at the test point using the base plate 202, adjust the vertical plate 201 so that it is perpendicular to the ground, and calibrate the verticality by visual inspection or using a spirit level;

[0045] Align the drill bit 4 at the bottom of the guide rod 1 with the center of the preset hole to keep the guide rod 1 in a vertical position;

[0046] Align the two plug-in sleeves 205 in the fixing mechanism 2 with the left and right ends of the multi-purpose connector 7, and slowly push them in until the plug-in sleeves 205 are completely inserted into the multi-purpose connector 7. Then, rotate the two threaded sleeves 204 clockwise to move them inward along the threaded shaft 203. The axial force generated by the threaded engagement fastens the plug-in sleeves 205 and the multi-purpose connector 7, thereby fixing the guide rod 1.

[0047] Attach the two connecting sleeves 304 in the driving mechanism 3 to the handles 6 on the left and right sides of the heavy hammer 5 respectively, and ensure that the connecting sleeves 304 and the handles 6 are tightly fitted without looseness. At this time, the first steel wire rope 303 is in a naturally drooping state. At the same time, check whether the connection between the second steel wire rope 307, the connecting rod 302, and the pedal 312 is firm. The top of the second steel wire rope 307 passes through the top of the vertical plate 201 and is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting rod 302, and the bottom passes through the limit block 308 and is fixedly connected to the top of the pedal 312 to ensure that the transmission wheel 306 rotates flexibly without jamming.

[0048] Example 2:

[0049] The specific implementation of the drilling operation is:

[0050] The operator stands in front of or on the left side of the equipment, stands steadily with both feet, and steps down on the pedal 312 at a constant speed. After the pedal 312 is subjected to force, it drives the connecting block 311 to slide downward in the limiting cylinder 309, compressing the spring 310. At the same time, the second steel wire rope 307 is pulled, and the direction of the force is changed through the four transmission wheels 306 in the drive box 305. Two of the transmission wheels 306 are fixed to the top of the vertical plate 201, and the other two are fixed to the left side. The second steel wire rope 307 drives the connecting rod 302 to slide upward along the two sliding rods 301. The sliding rod 301 is close to the inner top wall of the vertical plate 201, and the connecting rod 302 is located directly above the guide rod 1. As a result, the weight 5 is lifted by the first steel wire rope 303 and moves upward along the guide rod 1 until the weight 5 is lifted to a preset height.

[0051] After reaching the set height, the operator quickly releases the pedal 312. Under the influence of the elastic force of the spring 310 and the weight of the weight hammer 5, the connecting block 311 drives the pedal 312 to reset, the second wire rope 307 relaxes, and the weight hammer 5 falls freely under the action of gravity, impacting the drill bit 4, causing the drill bit 4 to penetrate the soil layer. After each impact, observe whether the drop distance of the weight hammer 5 is consistent, and control the hammering frequency by the stepping speed and strength of the pedal 312 to maintain a stable penetration rhythm. The operation of stepping on the pedal to lift the weight hammer and releasing the pedal to make the weight hammer fall and impact is repeated at this frequency.

[0052] Example 3:

[0053] The specific implementation method of equipment disassembly is:

[0054] After the drilling test is completed, the threaded sleeve 204 is rotated counterclockwise to move it outward along the threaded shaft 203, loosening the fastening state between the plug sleeve 205 and the multi-purpose handle 7, and pulling the plug sleeve 205 out from both ends of the multi-purpose handle 7;

[0055] Then, remove the connecting sleeve 304 from the handle 6 to release the connection between the first steel wire rope 303 and the weight 5;

[0056] Next, lift the guide rod 1 upwards and pull the drill bit 4 out of the soil layer, taking care to avoid collision and damage to the drill bit 4 and the guide rod 1;

[0057] Finally, clean the dirt, dust and other debris on the surface of the equipment, check whether the components are damaged or loose, apply lubricating oil to the threaded shaft 203, sliding rod 301 and other moving parts, and properly store the equipment for next use.

[0058] In summary, the lightweight drilling test equipment and drilling test method, through the cooperation of the pedal 312, the second steel wire rope 307 and the transmission wheel 306 in the drive mechanism, when the operator steps on the pedal 312 at a constant speed, the second steel wire rope changes the direction of the force through the four transmission wheels 306, pulling the connecting rod 302 upward along the sliding rod 301 to lift the heavy hammer 5. After releasing the pedal 312, the heavy hammer falls freely, and the repeated lifting action of the hammer by hand is replaced by foot operation, which reduces upper limb fatigue. In addition, the transmission wheel 306 stabilizes the force transmission, and the drop distance of the heavy hammer can be accurately controlled to avoid deviations in manual operation.

[0059] In addition, the light drilling test equipment and drilling test method, through the linkage of the threaded sleeve 204 and the plug-in sleeve 205 in the fixing mechanism 2 and the connecting sleeve 304 and the first wire rope 303 in the driving mechanism 3, rotate the threaded sleeve 204 to make the plug-in sleeve 205 tighten the guide rod 1, and after the connecting sleeve 304 is sleeved on the handle 6, stepping on the pedal 312 drives the first wire rope 303 to link the heavy hammer 5, so that the lifting height of the heavy hammer and the hammering frequency are stable and controllable, reducing the frequency instability problem caused by fatigue of manual operation, improving the reliability of test data, and solving the problem that the current light dynamic probing still relies on manual operation. In the manual operation mode, the operator needs to frequently repeat the "lift hammer-drop hammer-record" action, which is easy to cause limb fatigue in complex terrain or long depth testing, resulting in drop distance control deviation and unstable hammering frequency, which directly affects the reliability of test data.

[0060] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply the existence of any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article, or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or device. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or device comprising the element.

[0061] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A lightweight drilling test device, comprising a guide rod (1), a fixing mechanism (2) and a driving mechanism (3), characterized in that: The fixing mechanism (2) comprises a vertical plate (201), a bottom plate (202), a threaded shaft (203), a threaded sleeve (204) and a plug-in sleeve (205); two bottom plates (202) are fixedly mounted on the bottom of the vertical plate (201); the inner left wall and the inner right wall of the vertical plate (201) are both fixedly mounted with threaded shafts (203); the exteriors of the two threaded shafts (203) are both threadedly connected with threaded sleeves (204); and the exteriors of the two threaded sleeves (204) are fixedly mounted with plug-in sleeves (205); The driving mechanism (3) comprises a sliding rod (301), a connecting rod (302), a first steel wire rope (303), a connecting sleeve (304), a driving box (305), a conducting wheel (306), a second steel wire rope (307), a limiting block (308), a limiting cylinder (309), a spring (310), a connecting block (311) and a pedal (312). The inner left wall and the inner right wall of the vertical plate (201) are both fixedly mounted with sliding rods (301), a connecting rod (302) is slidably connected between the two sliding rods (301), and two first steel wire ropes (303) are fixedly mounted at the bottom of the connecting rod (302). The two first steel wire ropes (303) are fixedly mounted at the bottom of the connecting rod (302). The bottom of the steel wire rope (303) is fixedly installed with a connecting sleeve (304), the outside of the vertical plate (201) is fixedly installed with a driving box (305), the inside of the driving box (305) is fixedly installed with a conducting wheel (306), the outer surface of the conducting wheel (306) is movably installed with a second steel wire rope (307), the left side of the vertical plate (201) is fixedly installed with a limiting block (308) and a limiting cylinder (309), the inside of the limiting cylinder (309) is fixedly installed with a spring (310), the inside of the limiting cylinder (309) is slidably connected with a connecting block (311), and the top of the connecting block (311) is fixedly installed with a pedal (312).

2. A lightweight drilling test equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A drill bit (4) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the guide rod (1), a heavy hammer (5) is slidably connected to the outside of the guide rod (1), handles (6) are fixedly mounted on both the left and right sides of the heavy hammer (5), and a multi-purpose handle (7) is fixedly mounted on the outside of the guide rod (1).

3. A lightweight drilling test equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The two plug sleeves (205) are respectively plugged into the left and right ends of the multi-purpose handle (7), the two connecting sleeves (304) are respectively connected to the two handles (6), and the two sliding rods (301) are close to the inner top wall of the vertical plate (201).

4. The lightweight drilling test equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the conducting wheels (306) is four, two of which are fixedly mounted on the top of the vertical plate (201), and the other two are fixedly mounted on the left side of the vertical plate (201).

5. The lightweight drilling test equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the second steel wire rope (307) passes through the top of the vertical plate (201) and is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting rod (302), and the bottom of the second steel wire rope (307) passes through the limit block (308) and is fixedly connected to the top of the pedal (312).

6. The lightweight drilling test equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the spring (310) is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the limiting cylinder (309), and the top of the spring (310) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting block (311).

7. The lightweight drilling test equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting rod (302) is located directly above the guide rod (1).

8. A drilling test method for a lightweight drilling test device, characterized in that: The lightweight drilling test equipment comprises the light drilling test equipment according to claims 1 to 7, and the following steps: S1. Equipment installation and fixation: Place the equipment at the test point through the bottom plate (202), with the vertical plate (201) perpendicular to the ground; align the drill bit (4) at the bottom of the guide rod (1) with the hole position, insert the plug sleeve (205) into the two ends of the multi-purpose handle (7), rotate the threaded sleeve (204) along the threaded shaft (203) to move and tighten the guide rod (1); the connecting sleeve (304) is connected to the weight (5) and the handle (6), and the first wire rope (303) is linked with the connecting rod (302) and the second wire rope (307); S2, drilling operation: the pedal (312) is stepped on at a constant speed, the second steel wire rope (307) pulls the connecting rod (302) along the sliding rod (301) via the transmission wheel (306), and the weight (5) is lifted to the set height; the pedal (312) is released, and the weight (5) falls freely to impact the drill bit (4) and penetrate the soil layer, and the operation is cyclically performed according to the frequency; S3. Data recording: record the number of hammer blows at each penetration depth, and observe the drill bit's penetration and soil return characteristics; S4. Stratum Assessment: Based on the "hammer count-depth" data and the soil samples removed by the drill bit, and in accordance with relevant regulations, evaluate parameters such as soil density, bearing capacity, and uniformity; S5. Equipment disassembly: rotate the threaded sleeve (204) counterclockwise to loosen the plug sleeve (205), remove the guide rod (1) and the drill bit (4), and clean the debris on the surface of the equipment.

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