Rock burst monitoring device

Abstract

The rock burst monitoring device comprises an inner spherical shell, an outer spherical shell, a supporting frame, a plurality of piezoelectric ceramics, a plurality of ejector rods and a circuit board, and the outer spherical shell comprises a plurality of ball clacks arranged at intervals; the support frame is arranged between the inner spherical shell and the outer spherical shell and is connected with the inner spherical shell; the piezoelectric ceramic is arranged on the peripheral face of the inner spherical shell, one end of the ejector rod is connected with the ball clack, the other end of the ejector rod abuts against the piezoelectric ceramic, and the ejector rod is movably connected with the supporting frame in the radial direction of the inner spherical shell. When the ball clacks bear stress, the ejector rod is driven to extrude the piezoelectric ceramic, so that the piezoelectric ceramic is mechanically deformed and generates an electric signal; and the circuit board is in signal connection with the piezoelectric ceramics. According to the invention, the stress change of the coal rock mass can be sensed from multiple angles and positions, and the stress information in the monitoring area can be more comprehensively acquired, so that the potential risk of rock burst can be more accurately judged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of rock burst monitoring, and in particular to a rock burst monitoring device. Background Art

[0002] Rock burst is an extremely complex and highly hazardous dynamic hazard that occurs during underground mining operations, such as coal mining. It refers to the sudden, drastic, and violent destruction of coal and rock masses surrounding tunnels or stopes, caused by the sudden release of deformation energy. This phenomenon manifests as the sudden destruction of coal and rock masses, accompanied by the ejection of large amounts of coal and rock, and the generation of intense vibrations, noise, and air waves.

[0003] Stress monitoring involves installing stress sensors within the coal and rock mass to directly measure stress changes within the rock mass. When the stress within the coal and rock mass reaches a certain level, rock bursts are likely to occur. Therefore, real-time monitoring of stress changes can promptly identify potential rock bursts. However, the stress state of coal and rock mass exhibits a complex three-dimensional distribution. A single stress sensor can only measure stress in a localized area, making it difficult to fully and accurately reflect stress changes across the entire monitored area. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to a certain extent.

[0005] To this end, an embodiment of the present invention provides a rock burst monitoring device.

[0006] The impact ground pressure monitoring device of an embodiment of the present invention includes an inner spherical shell, an outer spherical shell, a support frame, multiple piezoelectric ceramics, multiple push rods and a circuit board, the inner spherical shell is arranged in the outer spherical shell, and the outer spherical shell includes multiple spherical petals arranged at intervals; the support frame is arranged between the inner spherical shell and the outer spherical shell and is connected to the inner spherical shell; the piezoelectric ceramics are arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the inner spherical shell and correspond one-to-one to the multiple spherical petals, and the multiple push rods correspond one-to-one to the multiple piezoelectric ceramics, one end of the push rod is connected to the spherical petal, and the other end of the push rod is stopped on the piezoelectric ceramic, the push rod is movably connected to the support frame along the radial direction of the inner spherical shell, and when the spherical petal is subjected to stress, it is used to drive the push rod to squeeze the piezoelectric ceramic, so that the piezoelectric ceramic undergoes mechanical deformation and generates an electrical signal; the circuit board is connected to the piezoelectric ceramic signal to receive the electrical signal emitted by the piezoelectric ceramic.

[0007] In some embodiments, the push rod includes a first connecting rod and a second connecting rod, the first connecting rod is slidably connected to the support frame, one end of the first connecting rod is stopped on the piezoelectric ceramic, and the other end of the first connecting rod is provided with a sliding groove extending along its axial direction, one end of the second connecting rod is slidably arranged in the first connecting rod, and the other end of the second connecting rod is connected to the ball petal, and an air inlet and an air outlet are provided on the side wall of the first connecting rod, a first control valve is provided on the air inlet, and a second control valve is provided on the air outlet.

[0008] In some embodiments, a pressure sensor is provided in the chute for detecting the gas pressure in the chute.

[0009] In some embodiments, the piezoelectric ceramic is attached to the outer wall surface of the inner spherical shell, and the end surface of the first end of the first connecting rod is an arc-shaped surface, and the shape of the arc-shaped surface is suitable for matching the curvature setting of the piezoelectric ceramic.

[0010] In some embodiments, a groove is provided on the outer wall surface of the inner spherical shell, and at least a portion of the piezoelectric ceramic is disposed in the groove.

[0011] In some embodiments, the spherical lobe includes an upper pole spherical lobe, a lower pole spherical lobe and a plurality of equatorial spherical lobe, the equatorial spherical lobe is located between the upper pole spherical lobe and the lower pole spherical lobe, and the plurality of equatorial spherical lobe are arranged around the inner spherical shell at intervals, and one end of the equatorial spherical lobe extends from the upper pole spherical lobe to the lower pole spherical lobe.

[0012] In some embodiments, the support frame includes a first support ring and a second support ring, the central axes of the first support ring and the second support ring are perpendicular and are both arranged around the inner spherical shell, the first support ring is connected to the second support ring, the top rod set on the equatorial belt spherical lobe is connected to the first support ring, and the top rods set on the upper pole belt spherical lobe and the lower pole belt spherical lobe are connected to the second support ring.

[0013] In some embodiments, a plurality of first through holes are provided on the first support ring, and the plurality of first through holes correspond one-to-one to the plurality of push rods, and the push rods provided on the equatorial belt spherical lobe can be slidably engaged with the first through holes, and a plurality of second through holes are provided on the second support ring, and the plurality of second through holes correspond one-to-one to the push rods provided on the upper pole belt spherical lobe and the lower pole belt spherical lobe, and the push rods provided on the upper pole belt spherical lobe and the lower pole belt spherical lobe can be slidably engaged with the second through holes.

[0014] In some embodiments, the rock burst monitoring device of the embodiment of the present invention further includes a support rod, one end of the support rod is connected to the inner spherical shell, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected to the first support ring.

[0015] In some embodiments, an elastic layer is provided on the outer wall surface of the spherical petal.

[0016] The rock burst monitoring device of this invention utilizes a combination of multiple spaced-apart spherical lobes, a mandrel, and piezoelectric ceramics to sense stress changes in coal and rock masses from multiple angles and locations. The multiple spherical lobes, positioned at different locations, act like multiple monitoring points, providing more comprehensive stress information within the monitoring area and enabling more accurate assessment of potential rock burst hazards.

[0017] The arrangement of the inner and outer spherical shells, along with the connection of the support frame, provides a stable support structure for the piezoelectric ceramics and ejector pins, reducing external interference with the monitoring process. Furthermore, the redundant design of the multiple piezoelectric ceramics and ejector pins ensures that even if one component fails, the others will continue to function, ensuring the normal operation of the monitoring device and improving monitoring reliability.

[0018] Utilizing the piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric ceramics, stress changes in coal and rock masses are converted into electrical signals. This simple and direct signal conversion method avoids the complex mechanical transmission and signal conversion processes. The electrical signals are easily transmitted and processed, enabling real-time monitoring and timely detection of potential rock burst hazards, providing stronger assurance for safe production in underground mining, such as coal mines.

[0019] The design of the outer spherical shell's lobes' spacing can be adjusted to suit different monitoring needs and underground mining environments. By varying the number, distribution, and size of the lobes, the device can be adapted to monitoring areas of varying sizes and shapes, improving its versatility and adaptability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the rock burst monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the rock burst monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a rock burst monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention,

[0023] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Enlarged schematic diagram of part A.

[0024] 100. Rock burst monitoring device; 1. Inner spherical shell; 2. Outer spherical shell; 201. Ball vane; 2011. Upper pole ball vane; 2012. Lower pole ball vane; 2013. Multiple equatorial ball vanes; 3. Support frame; 301. First support ring; 302. Second support ring; 4. Piezoelectric ceramic; 5. Push rod; 501. First connecting rod; 5011. Slide groove; 5012. Air inlet; 5013. Air outlet; 502. Second connecting rod; 6. First control valve; 7. Second control valve; 8. Pressure sensor; 9. Support rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to be used to explain the present invention, but should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0026] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the rock burst monitoring device 100 of the embodiment of the present invention includes an inner spherical shell 1, an outer spherical shell 2, a support frame 3, a plurality of piezoelectric ceramics 4, a plurality of push rods 5 and a circuit board. The inner spherical shell 1 is arranged in the outer spherical shell 2, and the outer spherical shell 2 includes a plurality of spherical petals 201 arranged at intervals. The support frame 3 is arranged between the inner spherical shell 1 and the outer spherical shell 2 and is connected to the inner spherical shell 1. The piezoelectric ceramics 4 are arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the inner spherical shell 1 and correspond one-to-one to the plurality of spherical petals 201. The plurality of push rods 5 correspond one-to-one to the plurality of piezoelectric ceramics 4, and one end of the push rod 5 is connected to the spherical petals 201. The other end of the push rod 5 is stopped on the piezoelectric ceramics 4, and the push rod 5 is movably connected to the support frame 3 along the radial direction of the inner spherical shell 1. When the spherical petals 201 are subjected to stress, they are used to drive the push rod 5 to squeeze the piezoelectric ceramics 4, so that the piezoelectric ceramics 4 undergo mechanical deformation and generate electrical signals. The circuit board is signal-connected to the piezoelectric ceramics 4 to receive the electrical signals emitted by the piezoelectric ceramics 4.

[0027] When in use, the rock burst monitoring device 100 of the present invention is installed in the coal rock around the mine or mining area. When the stress of the coal rock around the mine or mining area changes, the spherical petals 201 of the outer spherical shell 2 will bear the stress from the coal rock. Since the spherical petals 201 of the outer spherical shell 2 are connected to the top rod 5, when the spherical petals 201 are subjected to stress, they will drive the top rod 5 connected thereto. The top rod 5 is movably connected to the support frame 3 along the radial direction of the inner spherical shell 1. Under the action of the spherical petals 201, the top rod 5 will move toward the piezoelectric ceramic 4 and squeeze the piezoelectric ceramic 4. The piezoelectric ceramic 4 has a piezoelectric effect. When it is squeezed by the top rod 5 and mechanically deformed, it will generate an electrical signal. The circuit board is connected to the piezoelectric ceramic 4 signal and can receive the electrical signal generated by the piezoelectric ceramic 4. By analyzing and processing these electrical signals, information on the stress changes of the coal rock can be obtained, and then it can be determined whether there is a potential danger of rock burst. Since the rock burst monitoring device 100 of the present invention is provided with a plurality of piezoelectric ceramics 4 and mandrels 5, and the outer spherical shell 2 is composed of a plurality of spherical petals 201 arranged at intervals, it can sense stress changes in the coal rock mass from multiple directions and positions, thereby realizing more comprehensive stress monitoring of the monitoring area.

[0028] The rock burst monitoring device 100 of the present invention utilizes a combination of multiple spaced-apart spherical lobes 201, a mandrel 5, and piezoelectric ceramics 4 to sense stress changes in coal and rock masses from multiple angles and locations. The multiple spherical lobes 201, distributed at different locations, act like multiple monitoring points, enabling more comprehensive stress information to be obtained within the monitoring area, leading to more accurate assessment of potential rock burst hazards.

[0029] The arrangement of inner and outer spherical shells 1 and 2, and the connection of support frame 3, provide a stable support structure for piezoelectric ceramics 4 and ejector pins 5, reducing external interference with the monitoring process. Furthermore, the redundant design of multiple piezoelectric ceramics 4 and ejector pins 5 ensures that even if one component fails, the others will continue to function, ensuring the normal operation of the monitoring device and improving monitoring reliability.

[0030] The piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric ceramics converts stress changes in coal and rock masses into electrical signals. This simple and direct signal conversion method avoids complex mechanical transmission and signal conversion processes. The electrical signals are easy to transmit and process, enabling real-time monitoring and timely detection of potential rock burst hazards, providing stronger protection for safe production in underground mining and other areas.

[0031] The spacing of the lobes 201 of the outer spherical shell 2 can be adjusted to suit different monitoring requirements and underground mining environments. By varying the number, distribution, and size of the lobes 201, the device can be adapted to monitoring areas of varying sizes and shapes, improving its versatility and adaptability.

[0032] In some embodiments, the push rod 5 includes a first connecting rod 501 and a second connecting rod 502. The first connecting rod 501 is slidably connected to the support frame 3. One end of the first connecting rod 501 abuts against the piezoelectric ceramic 4. The other end of the first connecting rod 501 defines a slide groove 5011 extending along its axial direction. One end of the second connecting rod 502 is slidably disposed within the first connecting rod 501. The other end of the second connecting rod 502 is connected to the ball 201. An air inlet 5012 and an air outlet 5013 are defined on the sidewall of the first connecting rod 501. The air inlet 5012 is provided with a first control valve 6, and the air outlet 5013 is provided with a second control valve 7.

[0033] like Figures 2 to 4 As shown, in the initial state, the first connecting rod 501 is retracted to the maximum extent into the slide groove 5011 of the second connecting rod 502, which can reduce the length of the entire top rod 5, make the overall size of the device smaller, and facilitate the installation of the device to a preset position in the coal rock mass.

[0034] After the device is installed in the preset position, the first control valve 6 is opened, and gas is introduced into the chute 5011 through the air inlet 5012. As the gas enters, the gas pressure pushes the first connecting rod 501 along the chute 5011, causing it to extend outward, pushing the ball 201 against the rock mass wall. At this point, the ball 201 is in close contact with the rock mass, enabling better sensing of stress changes in the coal and rock mass, thus providing conditions for accurate monitoring of rock bursts.

[0035] After the device is installed and the ball valve 201 contacts the rock wall, when stress changes in the coal rock mass, the stress of the rock wall acts on the ball valve 201, and the ball valve 201 transmits the stress to the second connecting rod 502 connected to it. The second connecting rod 502 then transmits the stress to the first connecting rod 501. The first connecting rod 501 squeezes the piezoelectric ceramic 4, causing the piezoelectric ceramic 4 to undergo mechanical deformation and generate an electrical signal. The circuit board receives the electrical signal for analysis, thereby realizing the monitoring of stress related to rock burst.

[0036] When the device needs to be retracted, the second control valve 7 at the gas outlet 5013 is opened to discharge the gas in the chute 5011. As the gas is discharged, the gas pressure on the first connecting rod 501 decreases, and the first connecting rod 501 gradually contracts into the chute 5011 of the second connecting rod 502. The close contact between the ball valve 201 and the rock wall is released, and the device size becomes smaller, making the recovery operation easier.

[0037] By filling the chute 5011 with gas, the ball 201 is pushed against the rock mass wall, ensuring close contact between the ball 201 and the rock mass. This allows the ball 201 to more directly and accurately sense stress changes in the coal and rock mass, reducing stress transmission errors caused by poor contact and improving the device's accuracy in monitoring rock bursts. During recovery, exhaust is released through the gas outlet 5013, causing the first connecting rod 501 to shrink, restoring the device to a smaller size for easier removal from the coal and rock mass. This improves the device's reusability and ease of maintenance, while reducing monitoring costs.

[0038] In some embodiments, a pressure sensor 8 is provided in the chute 5011 for detecting the gas pressure in the chute 5011 .

[0039] After the device is installed in the preset position, gas is injected into the chute 5011 through the air inlet 5012 to push the first connecting rod 501, bringing the ball 201 into close contact with the rock wall. At this point, the pressure sensor 8 monitors the gas pressure in the chute 5011 in real time. As gas continues to fill, the pressure gradually increases. When the pressure reaches a preset, appropriate value, indicating that the ball 201 has made contact with the rock wall with the appropriate force, the air injection operation can be stopped, ensuring that the device is properly installed and ready for accurate stress monitoring.

[0040] During normal monitoring, pressure sensor 8 continuously monitors the gas pressure within chute 5011. Changes in coal rock stress can cause changes in the force applied to ball 201, in turn affecting the relative positions of first and second connecting rods 501 and 502, causing changes in gas pressure within chute 5011. Pressure sensor 8 feeds the detected pressure change signal back to the circuit board and other related systems. Combined with the electrical signal generated by the piezoelectric ceramic 4, this sensor analyzes the stress state of the coal rock mass to more accurately determine whether a potential rock burst risk exists.

[0041] When the device needs to be recovered, the gas outlet 5013 is opened to exhaust. The pressure sensor 8 monitors the drop in gas pressure in the chute 5011 in real time. When the pressure drops to a certain level, it indicates that the first connecting rod 501 has retracted to the appropriate position, and the contact state between the ball 201 and the rock wall has been released. At this time, the device can be safely recovered.

[0042] The presence of pressure sensor 8 accurately controls the gas pressure within chute 5011 during installation, ensuring that ball valve 201 contacts the rock wall with appropriate force. This prevents loose contact between ball valve 201 and the rock wall due to insufficient pressure, which could affect stress transmission and monitoring accuracy, while also preventing damage to the device or rock mass due to excessive pressure, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of device installation.

[0043] During monitoring, the combination of gas pressure changes detected by pressure sensor 8 and the electrical signal generated by piezoelectric ceramic 4 provides a more comprehensive and accurate reflection of the stress state of the coal and rock mass. Gas pressure changes provide additional stress information, helping to more sensitively capture subtle changes in coal and rock stress, thereby improving the accuracy of potential rock burst risk assessments.

[0044] When the device is recovered safely, the pressure sensor 8 can provide real-time feedback on the drop in gas pressure in the chute 5011, helping the operator to accurately judge the contraction state of the device and ensure that the recovery operation is performed at the right time, avoiding damage to the device or recovery difficulties caused by too early or too late recovery, thereby ensuring the safety and convenience of device recovery.

[0045] In some embodiments, the piezoelectric ceramic 4 is attached to the outer wall of the inner spherical shell 1 , and the end surface of the first end of the first connecting rod 501 is an arc-shaped surface, the shape of which is suitable for matching the curvature setting of the piezoelectric ceramic 4 .

[0046] like Figure 4 As shown, when the stress of the coal rock mass is transmitted to the first connecting rod 501 through the spherical petal 201 and the second connecting rod 502, the first connecting rod 501 moves radially along the inner spherical shell 1. Because the end surface of the first end of the first connecting rod 501 is an arcuate surface, and the shape of this arcuate surface is suitable for the curvature setting of the piezoelectric ceramic 4, the first connecting rod 501 can achieve a good fit with the piezoelectric ceramic 4. When the first connecting rod 501 compresses the piezoelectric ceramic 4, the stress can be evenly distributed on the contact surface of the piezoelectric ceramic 4, ensuring that the stress can be effectively transferred from the first connecting rod 501 to the piezoelectric ceramic 4.

[0047] The uniform stress causes the piezoelectric ceramic 4 to deform more regularly. Due to the piezoelectric effect, this regular deformation generates more stable electrical signals. The circuit board receives these signals and uses them to more accurately analyze the stress state of the coal and rock mass, determining whether there is a potential risk of rock burst.

[0048] The matching of the curved surface to the arc of the piezoelectric ceramic 4 increases the contact area between the first connecting rod 501 and the piezoelectric ceramic 4. Compared with flat contact or mismatched contact methods, this method can more effectively transfer stress from the first connecting rod 501 to the piezoelectric ceramic 4. This reduces stress loss during the transmission process, allowing the piezoelectric ceramic 4 to respond more sensitively to stress changes in the coal and rock mass, and improving the device's ability to monitor subtle stress changes.

[0049] Uniform stress distribution makes the mechanical deformation of the piezoelectric ceramic 4 more regular and stable, resulting in a more stable and accurate electrical signal. A stable electrical signal helps improve the accuracy of subsequent signal analysis, reduces misjudgments caused by signal fluctuations, and provides a more reliable basis for early warning of rock bursts.

[0050] In some embodiments, a groove is provided on the outer wall surface of the inner spherical shell 1 , and at least a portion of the piezoelectric ceramic 4 is disposed in the groove.

[0051] When installing the piezoelectric ceramic 4, at least a portion of it is placed in a groove defined on the outer wall of the inner spherical shell 1. This groove serves as a positioning mechanism, providing a relatively stable mounting environment for the piezoelectric ceramic 4 and limiting its displacement and oscillation when subjected to stress. This ensures that the piezoelectric ceramic 4 is accurately positioned, allowing one end of the ejector pin 5 to precisely rest against the piezoelectric ceramic 4, ensuring that stress is transmitted from the ejector pin 5 to the piezoelectric ceramic 4 along the designed path.

[0052] In some embodiments, the spherical lobe 201 includes an upper polar lobe 2011, a lower polar lobe 2012, and a plurality of equatorial lobe 2013. The equatorial lobe 201 is located between the upper polar lobe 2011 and the lower polar lobe 2012, and the plurality of equatorial lobe 2013 are arranged around the inner spherical shell 1 at intervals, with one end of the equatorial lobe 201 extending from the upper polar lobe 2011 to the lower polar lobe 2012.

[0053] like Figure 1 As shown, when the rock burst monitoring device 100 is placed in a coal rock mass, the stress of the coal rock mass acts on the spherical lobe 201. The upper polar spherical lobe 2011, the lower polar spherical lobe 2012, and multiple equatorial spherical lobe 2013 are distributed in different locations, enabling comprehensive sensing of coal rock mass stress from all directions. The equatorial spherical lobe 201 surrounds the inner spherical shell 1, with one end extending from the upper polar spherical lobe 2011 to the lower polar spherical lobe 2012. This allows the device to more extensively contact the coal rock mass in both horizontal and vertical directions, increasing the range of stress sensing.

[0054] The stress borne by the spherical lobe 201 will be transmitted to the piezoelectric ceramic 4 through the mandrel 5 connected to it. Since the spherical lobe 201 in different positions can transmit the stress received by each to the corresponding piezoelectric ceramic 4, the electrical signals generated by multiple piezoelectric ceramics 4 are combined to more comprehensively reflect the stress distribution inside the coal rock body. The distribution design of this spherical lobe 201 enables the device to sense the stress of the coal rock body from multiple angles and directions. The upper pole belt spherical lobe 2011 and the lower pole belt spherical lobe 2012 are responsible for sensing the stress in the up and down directions, while the multiple equatorial belt spherical lobe 2013 can sense the stress at different positions in the horizontal direction, realizing three-dimensional and all-round monitoring of the stress of the coal rock body. Compared with the monitoring method of a single direction or a local area, the accuracy of judging the potential danger of rock burst is greatly improved.

[0055] In some embodiments, the support frame 3 includes a first support ring 301 and a second support ring 302. The central axes of the first support ring 301 and the second support ring 302 are perpendicular and both are arranged around the inner spherical shell 1. The first support ring 301 is connected to the second support ring 302. The top rod 5 provided on the equatorial spherical lobe 201 is connected to the first support ring 301, and the top rod 5 provided on the upper polar spherical lobe 2011 and the lower polar spherical lobe 2012 is connected to the second support ring 302.

[0056] When the stress of the coal rock mass acts on the spherical lobe 201, different spherical lobe 201 (upper pole spherical lobe 2011, lower pole spherical lobe 2012 and equatorial spherical lobe 201) transfer the stress to the mandrel 5 connected thereto. The mandrel 5 on the equatorial spherical lobe 201 is connected to the first support ring 301, and the mandrel 5 on the upper pole spherical lobe 2011 and the lower pole spherical lobe 2012 is connected to the second support ring 302. The first support ring 301 and the second support ring 302 are arranged around the inner spherical shell 1 with the central axis perpendicular, and they form a stable support structure. In the process of transmitting stress, the mandrel 5 can be constrained and supported by the first support ring 301 and the second support ring 302 to ensure that it moves stably along the radial direction of the inner spherical shell 1 and accurately transfers the stress to the corresponding piezoelectric ceramic 4.

[0057] In some embodiments, the first support ring 301 is provided with a plurality of first through-holes, each corresponding one-to-one with the plurality of push rods 5. The push rods 5 provided on the equatorial zone spherical lobe 201 can slidably engage with the first through-holes. The second support ring 302 is provided with a plurality of second through-holes, each corresponding one-to-one with the push rods 5 provided on the upper pole zone spherical lobe 2011 and the lower pole zone spherical lobe 2012. The push rods 5 provided on the upper pole zone spherical lobe 2011 and the lower pole zone spherical lobe 2012 can slidably engage with the second through-holes.

[0058] The first and second through-holes provide precise guidance for the sliding movement of the mandrel 5. As the mandrel 5 slides within the through-holes, its movement is ensured to be strictly radially aligned with the inner spherical shell 1, preventing deviation or wobbling of the mandrel 5 during stress transfer. This ensures stable and accurate stress transfer from the spherical petals 201 to the piezoelectric ceramic 4, reducing energy loss and errors during stress transfer and improving the device's accuracy in monitoring coal and rock stress.

[0059] The coordination between the through-hole and the push rod 5 creates a stable connection between the push rod 5 and the support ring. This structure effectively disperses the stresses experienced by the complex coal and rock mass, preventing damage to the device due to localized excessive forces. Furthermore, this stable structure ensures the device's reliability over long-term use, reducing monitoring errors caused by loose or deformed structures.

[0060] In some embodiments, the rock burst monitoring device 100 of the embodiment of the present invention further includes a support rod 9 , one end of the support rod 9 is connected to the inner spherical shell 1 , and the other end of the connecting rod is connected to the first support ring 301 .

[0061] One end of the support rod 9 is connected to the inner spherical shell 1, and the other end is connected to the first support ring 301. It plays a key connecting and supporting role in the rock burst monitoring device 100. It firmly connects the inner spherical shell 1 and the first support ring 301, forming a relatively stable overall structure. This helps reduce stress transfer errors caused by structural deformation or shaking, thereby improving the reliability and durability of the device.

[0062] In some embodiments, an elastic layer is provided on the outer wall surface of the spherical petal 201 .

[0063] When stress from the coal and rock mass acts on the spherical petal 201, the elastic layer on the outer surface of the spherical petal 201 first comes into contact with the coal and rock mass. The elastic layer exhibits elastic deformation properties, allowing it to undergo a certain degree of compression or deformation when subjected to stress, thereby buffering the stress transmitted to the spherical petal 201. This means that the elastic layer initially absorbs some of the stress energy, preventing the actual stress acting on the spherical petal 201 from becoming excessively large.

[0064] The stress-uniformly transmitting elastic layer not only buffers stress but also distributes the stress of the coal rock mass more evenly across the surface of the spherical petal 201. Because the elastic layer has a relatively large contact area with the coal rock mass and its inherent elasticity can adapt to stresses of varying directions and magnitudes, it can disperse locally concentrated stress, resulting in a more balanced stress across all parts of the spherical petal 201. This allows the spherical petal 201 to transmit stress to its connected mandrel 5, creating a more stable and uniform force on the mandrel 5, enabling the mandrel 5 to more accurately transmit stress to the piezoelectric ceramic 4.

[0065] After being buffered and homogenized by the elastic layer, the stress is transferred to the piezoelectric ceramic 4, enabling it to undergo more stable mechanical deformation and generate a stable electrical signal. The circuit board receives this stable electrical signal, enabling more accurate analysis of the stress state of the coal and rock mass, and determining whether there is a potential risk of rock burst.

[0066] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like to indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0067] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0068] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection, electrical connection, or communication; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two elements or interaction between two elements, unless otherwise specified. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0069] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, when a first feature is "above" or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediary. Furthermore, when a first feature is "above," "above," or "above" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. When a first feature is "below," "below," or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.

[0070] In the present invention, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

[0071] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and are not to be construed as limitations on the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rock burst monitoring device, characterized in that: include: An inner spherical shell and an outer spherical shell, wherein the inner spherical shell is arranged in the outer spherical shell, and the outer spherical shell includes a plurality of spherical petals arranged at intervals; a support frame, the support frame being disposed between the inner spherical shell and the outer spherical shell and connected to the inner spherical shell; A plurality of piezoelectric ceramics and a plurality of push rods, wherein the piezoelectric ceramics are arranged on the outer wall surface of the inner spherical shell and correspond one-to-one to the plurality of spherical petals, and the plurality of push rods correspond one-to-one to the plurality of piezoelectric ceramics, one end of the push rod is connected to the spherical petals, and the other end of the push rod is stopped on the piezoelectric ceramics, and the push rod is movably connected to the support frame along the radial direction of the inner spherical shell, and when the spherical petals are subjected to stress, the push rods are used to drive the push rods to squeeze the piezoelectric ceramics, so that the piezoelectric ceramics undergo mechanical deformation and generate electrical signals; A circuit board is connected to the piezoelectric ceramic signal to receive the electrical signal emitted by the piezoelectric ceramic.

2. The rock burst monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The push rod includes a first connecting rod and a second connecting rod. The first connecting rod is slidably connected to the support frame. One end of the first connecting rod is stopped on the piezoelectric ceramic. The other end of the first connecting rod is provided with a sliding groove extending along its axial direction. One end of the second connecting rod is slidably arranged in the first connecting rod. The other end of the second connecting rod is connected to the ball petal. An air inlet and an air outlet are provided on the side wall of the first connecting rod. A first control valve is provided on the air inlet, and a second control valve is provided on the air outlet.

3. The rock burst monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A pressure sensor is provided in the chute for detecting the gas pressure in the chute.

4. The rock burst monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The piezoelectric ceramic is attached to the outer wall surface of the inner spherical shell. The end surface of the first end of the first connecting rod is an arc surface, and the shape of the arc surface is suitable for matching the curvature of the piezoelectric ceramic.

5. The rock burst monitoring device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A groove is provided on the outer wall surface of the inner spherical shell, and at least a portion of the piezoelectric ceramic is disposed in the groove.

6. The rock burst monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spherical lobe includes an upper pole spherical lobe, a lower pole spherical lobe and a plurality of equatorial spherical lobe. The equatorial spherical lobe is located between the upper pole spherical lobe and the lower pole spherical lobe. The plurality of equatorial spherical lobe are arranged around the inner spherical shell at intervals. One end of the equatorial spherical lobe extends from the upper pole spherical lobe to the lower pole spherical lobe.

7. The rock burst monitoring device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The support frame includes a first support ring and a second support ring. The central axes of the first support ring and the second support ring are perpendicular and both are arranged around the inner spherical shell. The first support ring is connected to the second support ring. The top rod set on the equatorial belt spherical lobe is connected to the first support ring. The top rods set on the upper pole belt spherical lobe and the lower pole belt spherical lobe are connected to the second support ring.

8. The rock burst monitoring device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first support ring is provided with a plurality of first through holes, and the plurality of first through holes correspond one-to-one to the plurality of push rods, and the push rods provided on the equatorial belt spherical lobe can be slidably matched with the first through holes. The second support ring is provided with a plurality of second through holes, and the plurality of second through holes correspond one-to-one to the push rods provided on the upper pole belt spherical lobe and the lower pole belt spherical lobe, and the push rods provided on the upper pole belt spherical lobe and the lower pole belt spherical lobe can be slidably matched with the second through holes.

9. The rock burst monitoring device according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes a support rod, one end of which is connected to the inner spherical shell, and the other end of which is connected to the first support ring.

10. The rock burst monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An elastic layer is provided on the outer wall surface of the spherical petal.

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