Machining measurement method and system based on multi-dimensional ultrasound

Abstract

The invention discloses a machining measurement method and system based on multi-dimensional ultrasound, and relates to the technical field of machining measurement, and the method comprises the steps: collecting the vibration phase difference, applying fast Fourier transform, calculating the synthetic amplitude of a vibration accumulation effect based on two-dimensional orthogonal vibration, carrying out the dynamic attenuation correction, taking the vibration propagation amplitude as the normal displacement, and carrying out the machining measurement. Linear displacement elastic restoring force is calculated, damping force calculated according to time change of displacement signals is analyzed, temperature step length correction is matched, and corrected normal force is determined. According to the method, the purpose of describing the multi-dimensional dynamic response of the vibration system in real time is achieved by defining the two-dimensional orthogonal vibration and calculating the synthetic amplitude, the linear displacement elastic restoring force and the damping force are calculated through the vibration propagation amplitude, the vibration signal can describe the space displacement, and the defect that the contact force cannot be dynamically captured is overcome.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of machining measurement, and in particular to a machining measurement method and system based on multi-dimensional ultrasound. Background Art

[0002] Traditional machining measurement systems typically rely on point-contact measurement, optical measurement, or servo monitoring combined with machining equipment to achieve real-time feedback on machining kinematics and mechanical properties. However, due to the complex and dynamic changes in vibration signals during material processing, existing measurement systems are often unable to fully capture the changing characteristics of high-frequency vibrations and the multi-dimensional mechanical behavior under their influence. This makes it difficult to control surface quality in high-precision machining to meet the increasingly stringent requirements. In this context, combining ultrasonic vibration technology with two-dimensional orthogonal vibration theory to dynamically analyze and control vibration signals in real time is an important technical path to further improve machining accuracy and uniformity. Although existing technologies have made preliminary attempts to establish dynamic vibration drive and measurement analysis models during the machining process, they still have obvious deficiencies in multi-dimensional vibration parameter analysis, dynamic attenuation calibration, and amplitude and normal force optimization. Existing methods fail to effectively extract and synthesize the phase difference and two-dimensional orthogonal characteristics of vibration signals. The cumulative vibration effect makes it difficult to describe the overall dynamic response of the machining area. At the same time, the influence of the propagation medium characteristics on the amplitude attenuation during vibration propagation is not fully considered, resulting in poor consistency in machining execution parameters. In addition, vibration parameter processing in existing systems is difficult to directly combine with path planning, the thickness selection for layered machining is relatively rough, and the path point adjustment lacks dynamic feedback optimization. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above existing problems, the present invention is proposed.

[0004] Therefore, the present invention provides a mechanical processing measurement method and system based on multi-dimensional ultrasound to solve the obvious deficiencies in multi-dimensional vibration parameter analysis, dynamic attenuation calibration, and amplitude and normal force optimization. The existing methods fail to effectively extract and synthesize the phase difference and two-dimensional orthogonal characteristics of the vibration signal, and the vibration cumulative effect makes it difficult to describe the overall dynamic response of the processing area. At the same time, the influence of the propagation medium characteristics on the amplitude attenuation during the vibration propagation process is not fully considered, resulting in poor consistency of the processing execution parameters. In addition, the vibration parameter processing in the existing system is difficult to directly combine with path planning, the layered processing thickness selection is relatively rough, and the path point adjustment lacks dynamic feedback optimization.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a machining measurement method based on multi-dimensional ultrasound, comprising: The vibration phase difference data is collected and applied with fast Fourier transform. Based on two-dimensional orthogonal vibration, the synthetic amplitude of the vibration cumulative effect is calculated, and dynamic attenuation correction is performed. The vibration propagation amplitude is used as the normal displacement to calculate the linear displacement elastic restoring force. The damping force calculated from the time variation of the displacement signal is analyzed. Combined with the temperature step correction, the corrected normal force is determined. The gain correction matrix is ​​formed according to the target normal force. The amplitude gain adjustment value is calculated through the vibration propagation amplitude to determine the actual execution amplitude value. Based on the maximum value of the actual execution amplitude value as the processing layer thickness, the total number of paths is determined in combination with the path density requirement and the area of ​​the processing area, and the path step length of the processing area area path is calculated. The regular scanning path algorithm is used to generate regularly arranged scanning path points. The processing depth compensation is defined by combining the workpiece material removal rate, the tool material wear rate and the processing layer thickness. The path point height is corrected. According to each path point in the layered path point set, the processing area removal uniformity objective function is defined. The actual path removal amount is adjusted in thermal response. The current path point set is converted into a population and population optimization is performed. The amplitude and normal force targets are simultaneously corrected to determine the target parameters of the final optimized path point set. Dynamic attribute values ​​are monitored in real time for smoothing, deviations are calculated through the target parameters of the path points to mark abnormal points, and data encryption and authentication are performed for cloud storage.

[0006] As a preferred solution of the multi-dimensional ultrasonic machining measurement method of the present invention, wherein: the vibration propagation amplitude is used as the normal displacement, the linear displacement elastic restoring force is calculated, the damping force calculated from the time variation of the displacement signal is analyzed, and the corrected normal force is determined in combination with the temperature step correction, including: Based on the multi-dimensional ultrasonic vibration equipment, the initial amplitude, frequency and phase difference data of the directional vibration are collected according to the X and Y directions; The vibration values ​​in the X and Y directions are defined based on two-dimensional orthogonal vibration, and the composite amplitude of the cumulative effect of vibration is calculated; According to the dynamic attenuation of the composite amplitude in dynamic propagation, the attenuation factor is determined by considering the comprehensive amplitude of the vibration frequency of the propagation medium and the propagation path, and the attenuation correction of the composite amplitude is performed; The vibration propagation amplitude is used as the normal displacement to calculate the linear displacement elastic restoring force, and the damping force calculated from the time variation of the displacement signal is analyzed to calculate the normal force caused by the vibration on the contact surface between the tool and the workpiece; Perform temperature step correction according to the normal force to determine the corrected normal force; The target normal force is determined based on the contact stiffness of the workpiece material and the target machining depth, and the gain correction matrix is ​​formed by combining the corrected normal force. The amplitude gain adjustment value is calculated through the vibration propagation amplitude, and the actual execution amplitude value is determined by considering the periodic change of the vibration velocity over time.

[0007] As a preferred solution of the multi-dimensional ultrasonic machining measurement method of the present invention, wherein: the definition of the machining area removal uniformity objective function, the thermal response adjustment of the actual path removal amount, the conversion of the current path point set into a population and the population optimization include: The maximum value of the actual execution amplitude value is used as the processing layer thickness, and the total number of processing layers is calculated according to the target processing depth. The total number of paths is determined according to the path density requirement and the area of ​​the processing area, and the number of paths for each layer is evenly distributed to the total number of processing layers. According to the number of paths allocated to each layer, the path step length of the processing area area path is calculated; The Lawn-mower regular scanning path algorithm is used for each layer of processing path. According to the geometric shape of the processing area and the path step length, a two-dimensional scanning grid covering the entire processing area is determined, and regularly arranged scanning path points are generated. The spacing between points is the path step length. The paths are arranged in sequence and scan the area up and down reciprocatingly. Add layer depth information to each layer path to indicate the processing depth corresponding to the current path, and use each layer path containing the processing depth information corresponding to the current path as a layered path point set; The machining depth compensation is defined by integrating the workpiece material removal rate, tool material wear rate and machining layer thickness; Correct the path point height in real time based on processing depth compensation; According to each path point in the hierarchical path point set, a uniformity removal objective function of the processing area is defined; Perform thermal response adjustment on the actual removal amount of the path point, and compensate and correct to obtain the thermal response corrected removal amount; Convert the current set of waypoints into a population. Each individual in the population represents a complete set of waypoints. Calculate the fitness of each individual using the objective function based on the goal of optimizing the consistency of the amount of waypoints removed. Based on the genetic algorithm, the path point optimization is cross-mutated, high-fitness path point solutions are combined to form a new path arrangement, and the local path point positions are randomly adjusted to form a new population individual; Add dynamic feedback control during genetic optimization to modify the amplitude and normal force targets in real time; Based on population iteration, the path point set with the largest fitness value is taken as the final optimized path point set, which also includes the final amplitude adjustment result and the corresponding processing layer depth component target parameters.

[0008] As a preferred solution of the multi-dimensional ultrasonic machining measurement method of the present invention, wherein: the acquisition of vibration phase difference data is performed by fast Fourier transform, including: The vibration phase difference data is obtained by collecting amplitude displacement signals in the X and Y directions using a vibration sensor, and applying fast Fourier transform to obtain amplitude and phase information of each frequency component.

[0009] As a preferred solution of the multi-dimensional ultrasonic machining measurement method of the present invention, wherein: the real-time monitoring of dynamic attribute values ​​is smoothed, including: Monitor the execution process of the final optimized path point set in real time and collect the dynamic attribute values ​​of the path points in real time, including amplitude value, normal force, processing point temperature and surface roughness data after processing; Use a low-pass filter to smooth the high-frequency amplitude signal and eliminate noise interference.

[0010] As a preferred solution of the multi-dimensional ultrasonic machining measurement method of the present invention, wherein: the deviation and abnormal point marking are calculated by the target parameter of the path point, including: Based on the dynamic attribute values ​​of the collected path points, the values ​​are compared with the target parameters of the path points to determine the amplitude error, normal force error, temperature error and roughness error respectively. If the deviation of the dynamic attribute value of a waypoint exceeds the deviation threshold, the waypoint is marked as an outlier.

[0011] As a preferred solution of the multi-dimensional ultrasonic machining measurement method of the present invention, the data encryption and identity authentication for cloud storage include: Data encryption technology is adopted, and the TLS protocol is used to encrypt the dynamic attribute values ​​of collected path points, marked abnormal point data, and target parameter data. The OAuth2 protocol is used for identity authentication and authorization management, and the data is stored in the cloud.

[0012] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a multi-dimensional ultrasonic-based machining measurement system, comprising: Vibration signal acquisition module: collects vibration phase difference data, applies fast Fourier transform, calculates the composite amplitude of two-dimensional orthogonal vibration, and performs dynamic attenuation correction; Normal force correction module: takes the propagation amplitude as the normal displacement, calculates the linear elastic restoring force and dynamic damping force, and corrects the normal force value in combination with the temperature step; Gain adjustment amplitude module: forms a gain correction matrix based on the target normal force, calculates the amplitude gain adjustment value through the propagation amplitude, and determines the actual execution amplitude; Processing path planning module: uses the maximum value of the actual execution amplitude to calculate the layer thickness, combines the path density and area to determine the total number of paths and path step length, and generates regular scanning path points; Path point correction module: It defines the processing depth compensation by integrating the material removal rate and tool wear rate, and corrects the path point height in real time; Uniformity Optimization Module: Based on the amount of path point removal, thermal response adjustment, and uniformity objective function, it converts the path point set into a population and optimizes the path distribution; Outlier identification module: collects dynamic attribute values ​​in real time, performs smoothing, and calculates errors with target parameters to mark outliers; Data encryption storage module: encrypts processing parameters and dynamic attribute data, and stores them in the cloud after identity authentication.

[0013] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, wherein: when the computer program is executed by the processor, any step of the multi-dimensional ultrasonic-based machining measurement method as described in the first aspect of the present invention is implemented.

[0014] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein: when the computer program is executed by a processor, any step of the multi-dimensional ultrasonic-based machining measurement method as described in the first aspect of the present invention is implemented.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: by defining two-dimensional orthogonal vibrations and calculating the synthetic amplitude, the purpose of real-time description of the multi-dimensional dynamic response of the vibration system is achieved; by using the vibration propagation amplitude to calculate the linear displacement elastic restoring force and damping force, the vibration signal can not only describe the spatial displacement, but also make up for the defect of not being able to dynamically capture the contact force; by combining the layered path point set, the processing uniformity target function is defined based on the material removal rate and the actual removal amount of the path point, and the purpose of evaluating the material removal uniformity in the entire processing area from a quantitative perspective is achieved; by combining the layered path point set, the processing uniformity target function is defined based on the material removal rate and the actual removal amount of the path point, and the material removal uniformity in the entire processing area is evaluated from a quantitative perspective. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the process of the multi-dimensional ultrasonic machining measurement method in Example 1.

[0018] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the multi-dimensional ultrasonic machining measurement system in Example 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0021] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in various places throughout this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it refer to a separate or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive of other embodiments.

[0022] Example 1, reference Figures 1 to 2 , which is the first embodiment of the present invention, provides a machining measurement method and system method based on multi-dimensional ultrasound, comprising the following steps: S1, collects vibration phase difference data and applies fast Fourier transform. Based on two-dimensional orthogonal vibration, the synthetic amplitude of the vibration cumulative effect is calculated, and dynamic attenuation correction is performed. The vibration propagation amplitude is used as the normal displacement to calculate the linear displacement elastic restoring force. The damping force calculated from the time variation of the displacement signal is analyzed. Combined with the temperature step correction, the corrected normal force is determined. The gain correction matrix is ​​formed according to the target normal force. The amplitude gain adjustment value is calculated through the vibration propagation amplitude to determine the actual execution amplitude value; Preferably, the acquisition of vibration phase difference data is performed by applying a fast Fourier transform, including: The vibration phase difference data is obtained by collecting the amplitude displacement signals in the X and Y directions based on the vibration sensor, and applying fast Fourier transform to obtain the amplitude and phase information of each frequency component. The phase values ​​of the two signals are compared at the same frequency, and the difference between them is the phase difference at that frequency.

[0023] Furthermore, the vibration propagation amplitude is used as the normal displacement to calculate the linear displacement elastic restoring force, and the damping force calculated from the time variation of the displacement signal is analyzed. Combined with the temperature step correction, the corrected normal force is determined, including: Based on the multi-dimensional ultrasonic vibration equipment, the initial amplitude, frequency and phase difference data of the directional vibration are collected according to the X and Y directions; The vibration values ​​in the X and Y directions are defined based on two-dimensional orthogonal vibration, and the synthetic amplitude of the cumulative effect of vibration is calculated to describe the total response of the vibration at any time, which facilitates the subsequent analysis and monitoring of the vibration output. It is expressed as: in and They represent the vibration displacements in the X-axis and Y-axis directions at any time t, and They represent the amplitudes in the X and Y directions respectively, and They represent the angular frequencies in the X and Y directions respectively, which can be obtained by Sure, represents the initial phase difference, which indicates the phase shift caused by the time delay between the Y-direction vibration and the X-direction vibration. It represents the composite amplitude, which means the total transient displacement of the vibration in space after the superposition of two orthogonal vibrations. According to the dynamic attenuation of the composite amplitude in dynamic propagation, the attenuation factor is determined by considering the comprehensive amplitude of the vibration frequency of the propagation medium and the propagation path, and the attenuation correction of the composite amplitude is performed, which is expressed as: in represents the amplitude attenuation coefficient, represents the viscosity of the propagation medium electrolyte, represents the propagation distance of the vibration propagation path, represents the comprehensive amplitude of the vibration frequency of the propagation medium, represents the actual length of the vibration propagation path, Indicates the axial distance between the vibrator and the workpiece contact point, Represents the surface curvature of the workpiece at the machining surface point (x, y), Represents the vibration propagation amplitude of the machining surface point (x, y); The vibration propagation amplitude is used as the normal displacement to calculate the linear displacement elastic restoring force. The damping force calculated from the time variation of the displacement signal is analyzed to calculate the normal force caused by the vibration on the contact surface between the tool and the workpiece, which is expressed as: in represents the damping force, c represents the damping coefficient, which is determined by experimental measurement. Represents the elastic restoring force of linear displacement, k represents the contact stiffness between the workpiece surface material and the processing tool, and describes the proportional coefficient of the restoring elastic force generated when the normal displacement changes. For metal materials, the contact stiffness can be calculated by Hertz contact theory. z represents the normal displacement of the surface point. The vibration propagation amplitude is used here. represents the normal force, The sine function value that represents the periodic change of vibration velocity with time; The temperature step is corrected according to the normal force to determine the corrected normal force, which is expressed as: in represents the modified normal force, It represents the contact stiffness variable within the time window T caused by the thermal effect, and can verify the stiffness change caused by the thermal effect of the workpiece material based on experiments; The target normal force is determined based on the contact stiffness of the workpiece material and the target machining depth, and the gain correction matrix is ​​formed by combining the corrected normal force. The amplitude gain adjustment value is calculated by the vibration propagation amplitude, and the actual execution amplitude value is determined by considering the periodic change of the vibration velocity over time, which is expressed as: in Indicates the gain correction coefficient on the machining surface point (x, y), which is obtained by Composed of gain correction matrix, represents the modified normal force of the machining surface point (x, y), represents the target normal force, Indicates the target micro-machining depth, which comes from the initial input of machining path planning. Micro-machining depth usually requires that the material removal amount or the change of machining depth be controlled within the micron range. It is a depth control parameter for material machining with extremely small unit accuracy as the target. Indicates the amplitude gain adjustment value on the machining surface point (x, y), Indicates the actual execution amplitude value.

[0024] By defining two-dimensional orthogonal vibrations and calculating the composite amplitude, the multi-dimensional dynamic response of the vibration system is described in real time. The frequency, amplitude, and phase difference of the vibrations in the two directions are simultaneously considered, overcoming the problem that a single vibration direction cannot measure the spatial dynamic characteristics. By introducing the propagation medium attenuation model and combining information such as the vibration propagation path and material curvature, the dynamic change of the vibration composite amplitude with spatial propagation is truly corrected, so that the vibration energy can be reliably transmitted to the processing point through the propagation medium, while eliminating the nonlinear attenuation problem of the vibration signal caused by factors such as the viscosity of the medium. By using the vibration propagation amplitude to calculate the linear displacement elastic restoring force and damping force, the vibration signal can not only describe the spatial displacement, but also quantify the interactive mechanical effects between the tool and the material during the machining process. The combined effect of the damping force and the restoring force takes into account the elastic deformation of the material surface caused by vibration, which makes up for the defect of traditional machining that cannot dynamically capture the contact force. By correcting the normal force through temperature steps and introducing dynamic compensation of contact stiffness due to thermal effects, the material stiffness changes caused by thermal effects on the workpiece surface during vibration machining can be applied to the normal force calculation in real time through correction analysis within the time window. The gain correction matrix is ​​constructed by the target normal force and the corrected normal force, and the amplitude gain is adjusted in combination with the vibration propagation amplitude. Not only does the correlation between the corrected normal force and the target normal force achieve local amplitude regulation, but the periodic characteristics of dynamic speed changes are also integrated to adjust the vibration execution amplitude to a more optimal state, thereby improving the uniformity of the vibration energy of the machined surface point by point. By dynamically calculating the amplitude and adjusting its spatial distribution, the responses of material removal, surface roughness, and machining depth are optimized synchronously with the vibration parameters, achieving closed-loop control from vibration characteristics to machining results and improving machining accuracy and stability.

[0025] S2, based on the maximum value of the actual execution amplitude value as the processing layer thickness, combined with the path density requirement and the area of ​​the processing area to determine the total number of paths, calculate the path step length of the processing area area path, use the regular scanning path algorithm to generate regularly arranged scanning path points, comprehensively define the workpiece material removal rate, tool material wear rate and processing layer thickness to define the processing depth compensation, perform path point height correction, define the processing area removal uniformity objective function according to each path point in the layered path point set, perform thermal response adjustment on the actual path removal amount, convert the current path point set into a population and perform population optimization, synchronously correct the amplitude and normal force targets, and determine the target parameters of the final optimized path point set; Preferably, a processing area removal uniformity objective function is defined, the actual removal amount of the path is adjusted in response to thermal response, the current path point set is converted into a population and the population optimization is performed, including: The maximum value of the actual executed amplitude value is used as the processing layer thickness, and the total number of processing layers is calculated according to the target processing depth. The total number of paths is determined according to the path density requirement (number of paths / mm², set by the process requirements) and the area of ​​the processing area. The number of paths for each layer is evenly distributed to the total number of processing layers. Based on the number of paths allocated to each layer, the path step length of the processing area area path is calculated, which is expressed as: in represents the path step length of the L-layer path, Indicates the processing area, Indicates the total number of paths; The Lawn-mower regular scanning path algorithm is used for each layer of processing path. According to the geometric shape of the processing area and the path step length, a two-dimensional scanning grid covering the entire processing area is determined, and regularly arranged scanning path points are generated. The spacing between points is the path step length. The paths are arranged in sequence and scan the area up and down reciprocatingly. Add layer depth information to each layer path to indicate the processing depth corresponding to the current path, and use each layer path containing the processing depth information corresponding to the current path as a layered path point set; The machining depth compensation is defined by combining the workpiece material removal rate, tool material wear rate, and machining layer thickness, and is expressed as: in Indicates the single layer processing depth after compensation. Indicates the thickness of the processed layer, represents the workpiece material removal rate, Indicates the wear rate of tool material; The path point height is corrected in real time according to the processing depth compensation, which is expressed as: in Indicates the corrected path point height, Indicates the initial height of the original path point; According to each path point in the hierarchical path point set, the objective function of the uniformity of the removal of the processing area is defined, which is expressed as: in Indicates the sensitivity of the workpiece material to the removal efficiency, based on the calibrated workpiece removal volume Determined by experiment, t represents time, Waypoints representing different paths The actual removal amount, It represents the measurement value of calculating the uniformity of the removal of the machined surface. Indicates the total number of paths. represents the average removal amount of path points in the entire machining area; Waypoints The actual removal amount is adjusted by thermal response, and the compensation correction is obtained to obtain the thermal response correction removal amount, which is expressed as: in Waypoints representing different paths The thermal response correction removal amount, represents the thermal expansion coefficient of the workpiece material (obtained by multimodal thermal property scanning), Indicates the local temperature rise value during path point processing; The current set of waypoints is converted into a population. Each individual in the population represents a complete set of waypoint arrangements. According to the goal of optimizing the consistency of the waypoint removal amount, the fitness of each individual is calculated through the objective function, which is expressed as: in Represents individuals in a population The fitness value of Represents individuals in a population A measure of the uniformity of removal on the machined surface; Based on the genetic algorithm, the path point optimization is cross-mutated, high-fitness path point solutions are combined to form a new path arrangement, and the local path point positions are randomly adjusted to form a new population individual; Continue running genetic operations until the calculated When the value changes are no longer obvious, stop the iteration; Dynamic feedback control is added to the genetic optimization process to modify the amplitude and normal force targets in real time, so that each path point is closer to the optimal value and the execution amplitude of each path point matches the material removal requirements, thus complementing and optimizing the entire machining process. It can be expressed as: in Represents the path point of dynamic optimization Amplitude value; Based on population iteration, the set of path points with the largest fitness value is taken as the final optimized path point set, which also includes the final amplitude adjustment result and the corresponding processing layer depth component target parameters. This path point is combined with the dynamic amplitude adjustment result to ensure that the execution parameters match the material removal optimization target. Each optimized path point also carries.

[0026] By determining the layer thickness based on the maximum actual execution amplitude value and calculating the total number of processing layers in combination with the target processing depth, the processing levels are effectively allocated to adapt to the dynamic vibration characteristics of the equipment and processing requirements. The total number of paths is determined according to the path density requirements and the area of ​​the processing area and evenly distributed to the total number of processing layers. At the same time, a two-dimensional scanning grid is generated by combining the "Lawn-mower" regular scanning path algorithm to achieve the effect of regular and uniform coverage path planning within the processing area. The regularly arranged path solution not only reduces path overlap and blank areas, but also improves the tool motion optimization efficiency, reduces non-processing time, and improves processing efficiency. The machining depth compensation is performed based on the workpiece material removal rate, tool material wear rate, and layer thickness to solve the depth error problems caused by uneven removal efficiency and tool wear during actual machining. Combined with real-time depth compensation, the height of the path points is further corrected to dynamically adapt the machining depth to the nonlinear characteristics of material removal, ensuring the actual depth uniformity of the machined layer. By combining a hierarchical set of path points, a machining uniformity objective function is defined based on the material removal rate and the actual removal amount of the path points. This allows for a quantitative assessment of the material removal uniformity across the entire machining area. The mathematical description of the uniformity objective provides a clear evaluation criterion for the optimization process, making the optimization process more controllable and transforming machining uniformity from a qualitative problem to an engineering problem for quantitative resolution. The actual removal amount of the path point is adjusted through thermal response, and the compensation correction is used to obtain the thermal response corrected removal amount, which weakens the influence of temperature rise on the removal efficiency and further improves the uniformity optimization capability. By converting the path point set into a population, the path point optimization based on the genetic algorithm realizes the iterative optimization of the processing uniformity target. In the iterative process, the path point parameters are further optimized in combination with dynamic feedback control, so that the amplitude and normal force are truly adapted to the specific needs of the path point, thereby realizing the improvement of the global processing performance and ensuring the comprehensive closed-loop planning of the dynamic processing system from parameter optimization to execution path control, which ultimately improves the processing accuracy, surface quality uniformity and process efficiency.

[0027] S3 monitors dynamic attribute values ​​in real time for smoothing, calculates deviations from target parameters of path points to mark abnormal points, and performs data encryption and authentication for cloud storage; Preferably, real-time monitoring of dynamic attribute values ​​for smoothing includes: Monitor the execution process of the final optimized path point set in real time and collect the dynamic attribute values ​​of the path points in real time, including amplitude value, normal force, processing point temperature and surface roughness data after processing; Use a low-pass filter to smooth the high-frequency amplitude signal and eliminate noise interference.

[0028] By monitoring the execution process of the final optimized path point set in real time and collecting the amplitude value, normal force, processing point temperature and surface roughness data of the path points in real time, the purpose of comprehensive process tracking of dynamic changes in processing is achieved. By introducing a low-pass filter to smooth the high-frequency amplitude signal, the high-frequency noise in the collected signal is eliminated, thereby achieving the effect of improving the authenticity and availability of the amplitude signal.

[0029] Furthermore, the deviations are calculated by the target parameters of the path points to mark the abnormal points, including: Based on the dynamic attribute values ​​of the collected path points, the values ​​are compared with the target parameters of the path points to determine the amplitude error, normal force error, temperature error and roughness error respectively. If the deviation of the dynamic attribute value of a waypoint exceeds the deviation threshold (calibrated based on historical data), the waypoint is marked as an outlier.

[0030] By comparing the collected dynamic attribute values ​​of the path points with the target parameters of the path points in real time, the amplitude error, normal force error, temperature error and roughness error are determined respectively, thereby achieving the function of quantitatively associating the measured real-time processing state with the engineering target, so that the entire feedback system can capture the direction and amplitude of the processing state deviation. By thresholding the errors of the dynamic attribute values ​​of the path points and calibrating the abnormal deviation range based on historical data, the vibration amplitude, normal force, temperature and roughness attributes are deeply bound to the actual processing behavior, and a closed-loop diagnostic function from dynamic monitoring to abnormal point classification is constructed, which improves the online self-diagnosis and abnormal point positioning capabilities of the processing system and realizes the full-chain control from micro-monitoring to macro-control of the processing process. The combination of path point monitoring and marking breaks through the traditional limitations of simple monitoring and adjustment, and provides a complete method chain for dynamic adaptive optimization in a real-time processing environment.

[0031] Furthermore, data encryption and authentication are performed for cloud storage, including, Data encryption technology is adopted, and the TLS protocol is used to encrypt the dynamic attribute values ​​of collected path points, marked abnormal point data, and target parameter data. The OAuth2 protocol is used for identity authentication and authorization management, and the data is stored in the cloud.

[0032] This embodiment also provides a multi-dimensional ultrasonic-based machining measurement system, comprising: Vibration signal acquisition module: collects vibration phase difference data, applies fast Fourier transform, calculates the composite amplitude of two-dimensional orthogonal vibration, and performs dynamic attenuation correction; Normal force correction module: takes the propagation amplitude as the normal displacement, calculates the linear elastic restoring force and dynamic damping force, and corrects the normal force value in combination with the temperature step; Gain adjustment amplitude module: forms a gain correction matrix based on the target normal force, calculates the amplitude gain adjustment value through the propagation amplitude, and determines the actual execution amplitude; Processing path planning module: uses the maximum value of the actual execution amplitude to calculate the layer thickness, combines the path density and area to determine the total number of paths and path step length, and generates regular scanning path points; Path point correction module: It defines the processing depth compensation by integrating the material removal rate and tool wear rate, and corrects the path point height in real time; Uniformity Optimization Module: Based on the amount of path point removal, thermal response adjustment, and uniformity objective function, it converts the path point set into a population and optimizes the path distribution; Outlier identification module: collects dynamic attribute values ​​in real time, performs smoothing, and calculates errors with target parameters to mark outliers; Data encryption storage module: encrypts processing parameters and dynamic attribute data, and stores them in the cloud after identity authentication.

[0033] This embodiment also provides a computer device suitable for the case of a mechanical processing measurement method based on multi-dimensional ultrasound, including: a memory and a processor; the memory is used to store computer-executable instructions, and the processor is used to execute computer-executable instructions to implement the mechanical processing measurement method based on multi-dimensional ultrasound proposed in the above embodiment.

[0034] The computer device may be a terminal, comprising a processor, memory, a communication interface, a display, and an input device connected via a system bus. The processor provides computing and control capabilities. The memory includes non-volatile storage media and internal memory. The non-volatile storage media stores an operating system and computer programs. The internal memory provides an environment for the operating system and computer programs stored in the non-volatile storage media. The communication interface of the computer device is used to communicate with external terminals via wired or wireless communication. Wireless communication may be achieved via Wi-Fi, a carrier network, NFC (near-field communication), or other technologies. The display of the computer device may be a liquid crystal display or an electronic ink display. The input device may be a touchscreen overlay on the display, buttons, a trackball, or a touchpad on the computer device housing, or an external keyboard, touchpad, or mouse.

[0035] This embodiment also provides a storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the multi-dimensional ultrasonic machining measurement method proposed in the above embodiment; the storage medium can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as static random access memory (SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic memory, flash memory, magnetic disk or optical disk.

[0036] In summary, the present invention achieves the purpose of real-time description of the multi-dimensional dynamic response of the vibration system by defining two-dimensional orthogonal vibration and calculating the synthetic amplitude. By using the vibration propagation amplitude to calculate the linear displacement elastic restoring force and damping force, the vibration signal can not only describe the spatial displacement, but also make up for the defect that the contact force cannot be dynamically captured in traditional processing. By combining the layered path point set, the processing uniformity objective function is defined based on the material removal rate and the actual removal amount of the path point, and the purpose of evaluating the material removal uniformity in the entire processing area from a quantitative perspective is achieved. By combining the layered path point set, the processing uniformity objective function is defined based on the material removal rate and the actual removal amount of the path point, and the material removal uniformity in the entire processing area is evaluated from a quantitative perspective.

[0037] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A machining measurement method based on multi-dimensional ultrasound, characterized in that: include: The vibration phase difference data is collected and applied with fast Fourier transform. Based on two-dimensional orthogonal vibration, the synthetic amplitude of the vibration cumulative effect is calculated, and dynamic attenuation correction is performed. The vibration propagation amplitude is used as the normal displacement to calculate the linear displacement elastic restoring force. The damping force calculated from the time variation of the displacement signal is analyzed. Combined with the temperature step correction, the corrected normal force is determined. The gain correction matrix is ​​formed according to the target normal force. The amplitude gain adjustment value is calculated through the vibration propagation amplitude to determine the actual execution amplitude value. Based on the maximum value of the actual execution amplitude value as the processing layer thickness, the total number of paths is determined in combination with the path density requirement and the area of ​​the processing area, and the path step length of the processing area area path is calculated. The regular scanning path algorithm is used to generate regularly arranged scanning path points. The processing depth compensation is defined by combining the workpiece material removal rate, the tool material wear rate and the processing layer thickness. The path point height is corrected. According to each path point in the layered path point set, the processing area removal uniformity objective function is defined. The actual path removal amount is adjusted in thermal response. The current path point set is converted into a population and population optimization is performed. The amplitude and normal force targets are simultaneously corrected to determine the target parameters of the final optimized path point set. Real-time monitoring of dynamic attribute values ​​is performed for smoothing, deviations are calculated through the target parameters of the path points to mark abnormal points, and data encryption and authentication are performed for cloud storage.

2. The multi-dimensional ultrasonic machining measurement method according to claim 1, wherein: The vibration propagation amplitude is used as the normal displacement, the linear displacement elastic restoring force is calculated, the damping force calculated from the time variation of the displacement signal is analyzed, and the corrected normal force is determined in conjunction with the temperature step correction, including: Based on the multi-dimensional ultrasonic vibration equipment, the initial amplitude, frequency and phase difference data of the directional vibration are collected according to the X and Y directions; The vibration values ​​in the X and Y directions are defined based on two-dimensional orthogonal vibration, and the composite amplitude of the cumulative effect of vibration is calculated; According to the dynamic attenuation of the composite amplitude in dynamic propagation, the attenuation factor is determined by considering the comprehensive amplitude of the vibration frequency of the propagation medium and the propagation path, and the attenuation correction of the composite amplitude is performed; The vibration propagation amplitude is used as the normal displacement to calculate the linear displacement elastic restoring force, and the damping force calculated from the time variation of the displacement signal is analyzed to calculate the normal force caused by the vibration on the contact surface between the tool and the workpiece; Perform temperature step correction according to the normal force to determine the corrected normal force; The target normal force is determined based on the contact stiffness of the workpiece material and the target machining depth, and the gain correction matrix is ​​formed by combining the corrected normal force. The amplitude gain adjustment value is calculated through the vibration propagation amplitude, and the actual execution amplitude value is determined by considering the periodic change of the vibration velocity over time.

3. The multi-dimensional ultrasonic machining measurement method according to claim 2, wherein: The objective function of uniform removal of the processing area is defined, the actual removal amount of the path is adjusted in response to the heat, the current path point set is converted into a population and the population is optimized. include, The maximum value of the actual execution amplitude value is used as the processing layer thickness, and the total number of processing layers is calculated according to the target processing depth. The total number of paths is determined according to the path density requirement and the area of ​​the processing area, and the number of paths for each layer is evenly distributed to the total number of processing layers. According to the number of paths allocated to each layer, the path step length of the processing area area path is calculated; The Lawn-mower regular scanning path algorithm is used for each layer of processing path. According to the geometric shape of the processing area and the path step length, a two-dimensional scanning grid covering the entire processing area is determined, and regularly arranged scanning path points are generated. The spacing between points is the path step length. The paths are arranged in sequence and scan the area up and down reciprocatingly. Add layer depth information to each layer path to indicate the processing depth corresponding to the current path, and use each layer path containing the processing depth information corresponding to the current path as a layered path point set; The machining depth compensation is defined by integrating the workpiece material removal rate, tool material wear rate and machining layer thickness; Correct the path point height in real time based on processing depth compensation; According to each path point in the hierarchical path point set, a uniformity removal objective function of the processing area is defined; Perform thermal response adjustment on the actual removal amount of the path point, and compensate and correct to obtain the thermal response corrected removal amount; Convert the current set of waypoints into a population. Each individual in the population represents a complete set of waypoints. Calculate the fitness of each individual using the objective function based on the goal of optimizing the consistency of the amount of waypoints removed. Based on the genetic algorithm, the path point optimization is cross-mutated, high-fitness path point solutions are combined to form a new path arrangement, and the local path point positions are randomly adjusted to form a new population individual; Add dynamic feedback control during genetic optimization to modify the amplitude and normal force targets in real time; Based on population iteration, the path point set with the largest fitness value is taken as the final optimized path point set, which also includes the final amplitude adjustment result and the corresponding processing layer depth component target parameters.

4. The multi-dimensional ultrasonic machining measurement method according to claim 2, wherein: The acquisition of vibration phase difference data using fast Fourier transform includes: The vibration phase difference data is obtained by collecting amplitude displacement signals in the X and Y directions using a vibration sensor, and applying fast Fourier transform to obtain amplitude and phase information of each frequency component.

5. The multi-dimensional ultrasonic machining measurement method according to claim 3, wherein: The real-time monitoring of dynamic attribute values ​​and smoothing processing include: Monitor the execution process of the final optimized path point set in real time and collect the dynamic attribute values ​​of the path points in real time, including amplitude value, normal force, processing point temperature and surface roughness data after processing; Use a low-pass filter to smooth the high-frequency amplitude signal and eliminate noise interference.

6. The multi-dimensional ultrasonic machining measurement method according to claim 5, wherein: The method of calculating deviations from the target parameters of the path points to mark abnormal points includes: Based on the dynamic attribute values ​​of the collected path points, the values ​​are compared with the target parameters of the path points to determine the amplitude error, normal force error, temperature error and roughness error respectively. If the deviation of the dynamic attribute value of a waypoint exceeds the deviation threshold, the waypoint is marked as an outlier.

7. The multi-dimensional ultrasonic machining measurement method according to claim 6, wherein: The data encryption and authentication for cloud storage includes: Data encryption technology is adopted, and the TLS protocol is used to encrypt the dynamic attribute values ​​of collected path points, marked abnormal point data, and target parameter data. The OAuth2 protocol is used for identity authentication and authorization management, and the data is stored in the cloud.

8. A multi-dimensional ultrasound-based machining measurement system, based on the multi-dimensional ultrasound-based machining measurement method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: include, Vibration signal acquisition module: collects vibration phase difference data, applies fast Fourier transform, calculates the composite amplitude of two-dimensional orthogonal vibration, and performs dynamic attenuation correction; Normal force correction module: takes the propagation amplitude as the normal displacement, calculates the linear elastic restoring force and dynamic damping force, and corrects the normal force value in combination with the temperature step; Gain adjustment amplitude module: forms a gain correction matrix based on the target normal force, calculates the amplitude gain adjustment value through the propagation amplitude, and determines the actual execution amplitude; Processing path planning module: uses the maximum value of the actual execution amplitude to calculate the layer thickness, combines the path density and area to determine the total number of paths and path step length, and generates regular scanning path points; Path point correction module: It defines the processing depth compensation by integrating the material removal rate and tool wear rate, and corrects the path point height in real time; Uniformity Optimization Module: Based on the amount of path point removal, thermal response adjustment, and uniformity objective function, it converts the path point set into a population and optimizes the path distribution; Outlier identification module: collects dynamic attribute values ​​in real time, performs smoothing, and calculates errors with target parameters to mark outliers; Data encryption storage module: encrypts processing parameters and dynamic attribute data, and stores them in the cloud after identity authentication.

9. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, wherein: When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the multi-dimensional ultrasonic-based machining measurement method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the multi-dimensional ultrasonic machining measurement method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

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