Low-profile broadband high-gain bulletproof antenna based on metasurface

Abstract

The invention discloses a metasurface-based low-profile broadband high-gain bulletproof antenna, which relates to the technical field of antennas and comprises a first bulletproof plate, a metal reflecting plate, a first dielectric plate, a second bulletproof plate, a feed layer, a second dielectric plate, a metal ground, a third bulletproof plate, a metasurface and a third dielectric plate which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, the antenna is reasonable in structure and ingenious in design, and low-profile, broadband and high-gain radiation is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of antenna technology, in particular to a low-profile, broadband, high-gain bulletproof antenna based on a metasurface. Background Art

[0002] As a key equipment on the battlefield, antennas face threats such as fragments and stray bullets generated by various explosions. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the hard protection capability of the antenna itself, that is, its bulletproof capability. Adding a radome based on bulletproof materials to the front section of the antenna is a common solution. For example, Dong Changsheng et al. studied the node performance of the material through the waveguide method in the paper "Ku / Ka dual-band bulletproof radome meets material properties", and verified the bulletproof and wave-transmitting properties of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) through simulation and experiments. Ma Ke et al. designed an X-band continuous wave radar bulletproof radome in the paper "Design of bulletproof radome for detection radar of active interception protection system". The designed bulletproof radome has good electrical performance and protection performance, which can meet the requirements of active interception protection system for the protection capability of the detection radar itself. It can be found that the current bulletproof antenna is mainly achieved by adding a bulletproof radome above the original antenna, which has problems such as low integration and high profile.

[0003] In view of this, it is necessary to propose a bulletproof antenna with high integration and low profile, which does not significantly increase the thickness of the bulletproof material while ensuring the electromagnetic performance requirements of the antenna, so as to meet the development needs of equipment for wireless communication. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a low-profile, broadband, high-gain bulletproof antenna based on a metasurface. The present invention has a reasonable structure and ingenious design, and achieves low-profile, broadband and high-gain radiation.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a low-profile, broadband, high-gain bulletproof antenna based on a metasurface, comprising a first bulletproof plate, a metal reflector, a first dielectric plate, a second bulletproof plate, a feed layer, a second dielectric plate, a metal ground, a third bulletproof plate, a metasurface, and a third dielectric plate arranged in sequence from bottom to top.

[0006] As a further improvement of the present invention, the feed layer includes a one-to-m equal power distribution network, and the starting end of the equal power distribution network is connected to the external signal source through a coaxial connector.

[0007] As a further improvement of the present invention, the metal ground includes m rectangular gaps with the same structure and size, and each of the rectangular gaps is perpendicular to the m ends of an m-branch equal power distribution network.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, the metasurface comprises n square units of equal size and equidistant distribution, forming Array structure.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, two adjacent layers of the bulletproof antenna are fixed by adhesive.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, the first bulletproof plate, the second bulletproof plate and the third bulletproof plate are made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene material.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, the first bulletproof plate, the second bulletproof plate and the third bulletproof plate are plain woven fabrics or unidirectional orthogonal fabrics.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, the first dielectric plate and the third dielectric plate are made of glass fiber material, and the second dielectric plate is made of Rogers 5880 material.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0014] 1. Compared with the traditional antenna + bulletproof radome structure, the bulletproof antenna of the present invention has highly integrated wireless communication functions without reducing the protection capability. It can not only effectively resist the penetration of the Type 53 7.62mm ordinary steel core bullet, but also the overall cross-sectional height is the same as that of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene armor plate with equivalent bulletproof capability.

[0015] 2. The present invention has a reasonable structure and ingenious design, which effectively solves the problems of low integration and high profile of traditional bulletproof antennas, realizes low profile, broadband and high gain radiation, and is suitable for the field of wireless communications. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the feed layer in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the metal ground in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the metasurface in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the relationship between return loss and frequency of a bulletproof antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 6 : The far-field radiation pattern of the bullet-proof antenna at 10 GHz with phi = 0° and 90° in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the protrusion of the impact point of the bulletproof antenna in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Reference numerals:

[0024] 1. First bulletproof plate, 2. Metal reflector, 3. First dielectric plate, 4. Second bulletproof plate, 5. Feed layer, 6. Second dielectric plate, 7. Metal ground, 71. Rectangular gap, 8. Third bulletproof plate, 9. Metasurface, 91. Square unit, 10. Third dielectric plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0026] Example

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, a low-profile, broadband, high-gain bulletproof antenna based on a metasurface comprises a first bulletproof plate 1, a metal reflector 2, a first dielectric plate 3, a second bulletproof plate 4, a feed layer 5, a second dielectric plate 6, a metal ground 7, a third bulletproof plate 8, a metasurface 9, and a third dielectric plate 10, which are arranged in sequence from bottom to top; the first bulletproof plate 1, the metal reflector 2, the first dielectric plate 3, the second bulletproof plate 4, the feed layer 5, the second dielectric plate 6, the metal ground 7, the third bulletproof plate 8, the metasurface 9, and the third dielectric plate 10 are fixed to each other by an adhesive, preferably a polyurethane resin, using The preparation is carried out by the autoclave method, with a curing temperature of 120°C, a pressure of 0.7 MPa, and a curing time of 120 min; the first bulletproof plate 1, the second bulletproof plate 4, and the third bulletproof plate 8 are all made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) material, and plain fabric or unidirectional orthogonal fabric is selected to resist the penetration of Type 53 7.62mm ordinary steel core bullet; the first dielectric plate 3 and the third dielectric plate 10 are both made of glass fiber (FR-4) material, serving as carriers of metal reflectors and metasurfaces; the second dielectric plate 6 is made of Rogers 5880 material with low dielectric loss, which is used to reduce the loss during signal transmission, thereby improving the gain. At the same time, the second dielectric plate 6 also serves as a carrier of the feed layer 5 and the metal ground 7.

[0028] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the feed layer 5 is printed on the lower surface of the second dielectric plate 6, comprising an equal power distribution network of m-way, the starting end A of the equal power distribution network is connected to the external signal source via a 50 ohm coaxial connector.

[0029] like Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, the metal ground 7 is printed on the upper surface of the second dielectric plate 6 and includes m rectangular slots 71 of the same structure and size, each of which is perpendicular to the end B of the equal power distribution network.

[0030] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the metasurface 9 is printed on the lower surface of the third dielectric plate 10 and comprises n square units 91 of equal size and equally spaced. Array structure.

[0031] During operation, a signal input from an external signal source passes through an equal-power distribution network with m-divisions, generating equal-amplitude, unidirectional currents at terminal B. This current then flows through rectangular slots 71 provided in the metal ground 7, generating induced currents on the metasurface 9, which in turn radiate electromagnetic signals into free space. Due to the equal-power distribution network, phase-coherent currents can be coupled on the metasurface 9, forming a high-gain directional beam in the axial direction. As the projectile travels from the third dielectric plate 10 toward the first armor plate 1, its kinetic energy is gradually dissipated by the first armor plate 1, the second armor plate 4, and the third armor plate 8, thereby providing a bulletproof effect.

[0032] During specific implementation, the first bulletproof plate 1, the second bulletproof plate 4 and the third bulletproof plate 8 are all made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) material, and are selected from plain weave or unidirectional orthogonal cloth, with a surface density of 0.95g / m2 and a tensile strength of 28MPa. The autoclave method is adopted to prepare the bulletproof plate, with a curing temperature of 100°C, a pressure of 15MPa, and a curing time of 120min. The size of the first bulletproof plate 1 is 105mm×105mm×12mm, the size of the second bulletproof plate 4 is 105mm×105mm×6mm, and the size of the third bulletproof plate 8 is 105mm×105mm×2mm; the first dielectric plate 3 and the third dielectric plate 10 are both glass fiber (FR-4) materials, with a relative dielectric constant of 4.3 and a loss tangent of 0.025, and a size of 105mm×105mm×0.1mm; the second dielectric plate 6 is Rogers 5880 (Rogers 5880) with low dielectric loss. 5880) material, relative dielectric constant 2.2, loss tangent value 0.0009, size 105mm×105mm×0.787mm; the feed layer 5 is a one-to-sixteen equal power distribution network, composed of 15 T-type networks with the same structure, and the starting end A is connected to a 50-ohm SMA connector; the size of the metal ground 7 is 105mm×105mm×0.017mm, the number of rectangular slots 71 is 16, each rectangular slot 71 is arranged perpendicular to the end B of the equal power distribution network, the size is 17mm×2.9mm, and the center distance between adjacent rectangular slots 71 is 26mm; the metasurface 9 contains 256 square units 91 of equal size and equally spaced, each square unit 91 has a size of 5.3mm×5.3mm, and the center distance between adjacent square units 91 is 6.5mm, forming a 16×16 array structure.

[0033] Figure 5 This is the result of the relationship between the return loss and frequency of the low-profile, broadband, high-gain bulletproof antenna based on the metasurface. When the return loss is less than -10dB, the operating frequency band is 9.71GHz-10.56GHz.

[0034] Figure 6 The far-field radiation pattern of the low-profile, broadband, high-gain bulletproof antenna based on the metasurface at phi=0° and 90° at the frequency of 10.0 GHz. The maximum radiation direction of the antenna is the +Z axis, and there is no deviation or split petal phenomenon.

[0035] Figure 7To investigate the impact point convexity of a low-profile, broadband, high-gain metasurface-based bulletproof antenna, a performance test was conducted using a Type 53 7.62mm ordinary steel-cored bullet at a target distance of 15m and a firing angle of 0° at a standard bullet velocity in accordance with GJB59.18-1988 (Armored Vehicle Test Standard: Armor Plate Anti-Ballistic Performance Test). The results showed that the bulletproof plate was not penetrated, the aramid back convexity was 4mm, and the damage level was level 2, indicating effective protection.

[0036] This embodiment operates in the X-band, has a -10dB relative impedance bandwidth greater than 8%, a gain greater than 14dBi, and can resist penetration by a Type 53 7.62mm ordinary steel core bullet at a normal angle of 15m and 0°.

[0037] The above-described embodiments merely represent specific implementations of the present invention. While the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art would be able to make numerous variations and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and all such variations and improvements fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-profile, broadband, high-gain bulletproof antenna based on a metasurface, characterized in that: The invention comprises a first bulletproof plate, a metal reflector plate, a first dielectric plate, a second bulletproof plate, a feed layer, a second dielectric plate, a metal ground, a third bulletproof plate, a metasurface and a third dielectric plate, which are arranged in sequence from bottom to top.

2. The low-profile, broadband, high-gain bulletproof antenna based on a metasurface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed layer includes a one-to-m equal power distribution network, and the starting end of the equal power distribution network is connected to an external signal source through a coaxial connector.

3. The low-profile, broadband, high-gain bulletproof antenna based on a metasurface according to claim 2, characterized in that: The metal ground includes m rectangular slots with the same structure and size, and each of the rectangular slots is perpendicular to the m ends of an m-branch equal power distribution network.

4. The low-profile, broadband, high-gain bulletproof antenna based on a metasurface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metasurface comprises n square units of equal size and equally spaced distribution, forming Array structure.

5. The low-profile, broadband, high-gain bulletproof antenna based on a metasurface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two adjacent layers of the bulletproof antenna are fixed by adhesive.

6. The low-profile, broadband, high-gain bulletproof antenna based on a metasurface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first bulletproof plate, the second bulletproof plate and the third bulletproof plate are made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene material.

7. The low-profile, broadband, high-gain bulletproof antenna based on a metasurface according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first bulletproof plate, the second bulletproof plate and the third bulletproof plate are plain woven fabrics or unidirectional orthogonal fabrics.

8. The low-profile, broadband, high-gain bulletproof antenna based on a metasurface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first medium plate and the third medium plate are made of glass fiber material, and the second medium plate is made of Rogers 5880 material.

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