Measurement, control and perception integrated system for aircraft

Abstract

The invention discloses an aircraft measurement, control and perception integrated system, which comprises N antenna nodes and a baseband resource pool, and is characterized in that the baseband resource pool comprises a switching unit, M baseband processing units and a management and control unit; the N antenna nodes are simultaneously connected with the switching unit, the switching unit is respectively connected with the M baseband processing units, and the M baseband processing units are simultaneously connected with the management and control unit. The beneficial effects of the invention are that integrated application of measurement and control, sensing and other functions of different dimensions of the same antenna node, the same beam, the same time frequency resource and the like can be realized, and the problems of high cost-efficiency ratio, long information interaction time delay, difficult resource scheduling, low aircraft control efficiency and the like faced by separation of existing measurement and control equipment and sensing equipment are solved; shared hardware, processing resources and space-time-frequency resources are optimized through measurement and control and sensing functions, and the effects of efficient cooperation of the measurement and control and the sensing functions, sensing auxiliary measurement and control and measurement and control enhanced sensing are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of aircraft measurement, control and communication, and specifically to an integrated aircraft measurement, control and perception system. Background Art

[0002] With the large-scale construction of low-orbit constellations both domestically and internationally, the number of low-orbit satellites in space awaiting measurement and control is rapidly increasing. This large number of both cooperative and non-cooperative satellites has created a complex "space traffic network." Effective space traffic management is a prerequisite for the stable and orderly operation of satellites and other spacecraft. Aircraft measurement and control communication systems provide measurement and control communication services for satellites, missiles, rockets, drones, and other spacecraft. The ground-to-space measurement and control communication link established between the two is the lifeline of these spacecraft and the only way to achieve "space traffic management."

[0003] Current spacecraft TT&C systems lack the perception capability to directly obtain real-time status information about non-cooperative targets or cooperative targets not connected to the TT&C link. The information exchange between TT&C systems and existing perception systems is time-consuming and inefficient, making rapid closed-loop control based on the status of space targets impossible. This presents technical challenges for managing space traffic for large-scale low-Earth orbit constellations.

[0004] Therefore, it is urgent to study the integrated technology of aircraft measurement, control and perception. Through the integrated application of measurement, control, perception and other functions in different dimensions such as the same antenna node, the same beam, and the same frequency resources, the problems faced by the separation of existing measurement, control and communication systems and perception systems, such as high cost-effectiveness, large information interaction delay, difficult resource scheduling, and low aircraft control efficiency, can be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to address the problems faced by the separation of existing measurement, control and communication systems and perception systems, such as high cost-effectiveness, large information interaction delay, difficult resource scheduling, and low aircraft control efficiency. This application provides an integrated aircraft measurement, control and perception system, which optimizes shared hardware, processing resources, and space-time-frequency resources through measurement, control and perception functions, thereby achieving efficient coordination of measurement, control and perception functions, and the effects of perception-assisted measurement and control, and measurement and control-enhanced perception, thereby improving the control efficiency of aircraft clusters such as low-orbit constellations and drone swarms.

[0006] The purpose of this application is achieved through the following technical solutions: An integrated measurement, control and perception system for an aircraft includes N antenna nodes and a baseband resource pool. The baseband resource pool includes a switching unit, M baseband processing units and a control unit. The N antenna nodes are simultaneously connected to the switching unit, which is respectively connected to the M baseband processing units, which are simultaneously connected to the control unit.

[0007] Furthermore, the switching unit realizes data transmission between any antenna node and any baseband processing unit, and between any two baseband processing units; the baseband processing unit provides FPGA, DSP, GPU and CPU processing resources to realize the separate processing of baseband signal processing functions such as measurement and control, data transmission, spectrum sensing, active detection and passive detection functions, or to realize the integrated processing between baseband signal processing functions.

[0008] Furthermore, the antenna nodes simultaneously form multiple receiving beams and transmitting beams, aiming at different airspace directions, and realizing the measurement, control and perception functions of multiple targets at the same time. One antenna node works independently to realize the target's data transmission, measurement, control and spectrum perception functions, four antenna nodes work together to realize the target's passive detection function, and five antenna nodes work together to realize the target's active detection function; the system is configured with no less than five antenna nodes to realize the integration of five functions: measurement and control, data transmission, spectrum perception, passive detection and active detection.

[0009] Furthermore, the antenna node adopts a digital phased array antenna, including T array element channels. Each array element channel includes an array element, T / R components, DA / AD, frequency conversion, filtering and variable sampling modules connected in sequence. All variable sampling modules are simultaneously connected to the framing / deframing module, and the framing / deframing module is further connected to the UDP transmission module.

[0010] Furthermore, in the signal receiving direction, T array elements simultaneously receive T signals, which are successively processed by R components, AD, down-conversion, filtering and downsampling, and then uniformly framed to form receive data packets, and finally sent to the back-end switching unit via UDP transmission; in the signal transmitting direction, the UDP transmission module receives the transmit data packets sent by the switching unit, forms T data streams through deframing, and respectively undergoes upsampling processing, filtering, up-conversion, DA and T components, and is radiated through T array elements.

[0011] Furthermore, the framing / deframing module uses a first-in-first-out memory to cache the received data packets after framing, and triggers the memory to start retrieving data at a fixed time when receiving the transmitted data packets, thereby realizing the coupling of the received data packets and the transmitted data packets, and eliminating the impact of the delay jitter introduced by UDP transmission on the measurement and control function.

[0012] Furthermore, the baseband processing unit includes a UDP transmission module, a beamforming module and a functional processing module connected in sequence; the UDP transmission module is connected to the switching unit to realize the transmission and reception of UDP data; the beamforming module realizes transmit waveform forming and receive beamforming, and simultaneously supports the generation of multiple antenna nodes and multiple signal waveforms; the functional processing module is connected to the control unit, transmits the processed information to the control unit, and receives the control parameters issued by the control unit.

[0013] Furthermore, the functional processing module includes active detection transmission signal processing, digital transmission receiving signal processing, spectrum sensing signal processing, measurement and control signal processing, active detection receiving signal processing and passive detection receiving signal processing modules; the active detection transmission signal processing module generates the radiation signal stream of an antenna node, the measurement and control signal processing module processes the transmitting and receiving signal stream of an antenna node, the digital transmission receiving signal processing module and the spectrum sensing signal processing module process the receiving signal stream of an antenna node, and the active detection receiving signal processing and the passive detection receiving signal processing modules simultaneously process the receiving signal streams of 4 antenna nodes.

[0014] Furthermore, the baseband processing unit has multiple types of processing resources, which are configured into different processing functions according to the control parameters of the control unit; any baseband processing unit is configured with multiple UDP transmission modules, beamforming modules and functional processing modules, and the functional processing module of the same baseband processing unit is configured into one or several functional processings.

[0015] Furthermore, the control unit is connected to the baseband processing unit, receives the business information obtained by the baseband processing unit, and sends control parameters to the baseband processing unit. Through the fusion processing of different business information, the coordination between different antenna nodes and the coordination between different functions are realized, and the effects of perception-assisted measurement and control, and measurement and control-enhanced perception are further achieved; the control unit provides human-computer interaction functions, and users can control the system remotely and locally, uniformly manage the system equipment, and monitor the status of antenna nodes, switching units, and baseband processing units.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this application are: it can realize the integrated application of measurement, control, perception and other functions in different dimensions such as the same antenna node, the same beam, and the same frequency resources, and solve the problems faced by the separation of existing measurement and control equipment and perception equipment, such as high cost-effectiveness, large information interaction delay, difficult resource scheduling, and low aircraft management efficiency. By optimizing the shared hardware, processing resources and space-time-frequency resources of measurement and control and perception functions, efficient coordination of measurement and control and perception functions is achieved, and the effects of perception-assisted measurement and control and measurement and control-enhanced perception are achieved. It can be applied to scenarios such as low-orbit star clusters, unmanned aerospace clusters, swarm drones, etc., to enhance the system's measurement, control and management capabilities for aircraft clusters, and has broad application prospects in low-orbit Internet, low-altitude economy and other fields.

[0017] The aforementioned main solution and its various further options can be freely combined to form multiple solutions, all of which are solutions that can be adopted and protected by this application. Furthermore, in this application, (non-conflicting options) can also be freely combined with each other and with other options. After understanding the solution of this application, those skilled in the art will understand that there are many combinations based on existing technology and common knowledge, all of which are technical solutions to be protected by this application, and these are not exhaustive here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of the application.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a block diagram of the antenna node composition of this application.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a block diagram of the baseband processing unit of this application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following non-limiting examples illustrate the present application.

[0022] Example refer to Figure 1 As shown, an integrated aircraft measurement, control, and perception system includes N antenna nodes and a baseband resource pool. The baseband resource pool includes a switching unit, M baseband processing units, and a control unit. The N antenna nodes are simultaneously connected to the switching unit, which is each connected to the M baseband processing units, which are then simultaneously connected to the control unit.

[0023] The switching unit enables high-speed data transmission (up to 100 Gbps) between any antenna node and any baseband processing unit, as well as between any two baseband processing units. The baseband processing unit provides processing resources including an FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array), a DSP (Digital Signal Processor), a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), and a CPU (Central Processing Unit). These baseband signal processing functions, such as measurement and control, data transmission, spectrum sensing, active detection, and passive detection, can be processed independently or integrated across these functions.

[0024] Antenna nodes simultaneously form multiple receive and transmit beams, aligning them in different airspace directions, enabling simultaneous measurement, control, and perception of multiple targets. One antenna node operates independently, providing data transmission, measurement, control, and spectrum sensing for a target. Four antenna nodes work collaboratively for passive detection, and five antenna nodes work collaboratively for active detection. The system must be configured with no fewer than five antenna nodes, integrating measurement, control, data transmission, spectrum sensing, passive detection, and active detection.

[0025] refer to Figure 2As shown in the figure, the antenna node uses a digital phased array antenna, which includes T array element channels. Each array element channel includes sequentially connected array elements, T / R components (transmitter and receiver), DA / AD (digital-to-analog / analog-to-digital converter), frequency conversion, filtering, and variable sampling modules. All variable sampling modules are simultaneously connected to the framing / deframing module, which is in turn connected to the UDP (User Datagram Protocol) transmission module.

[0026] For signal reception, T array elements simultaneously receive T signals, which then undergo R-processing, AD, down-conversion, filtering, and downsampling. These signals are then framed to form receive packets and transmitted via UDP to the backend switching unit. For signal transmission, the UDP transport module receives transmit packets from the switching unit and deframes them to form T data streams. These data streams then undergo upsampling, filtering, up-conversion, DA, and T-processing before being radiated through the T array elements.

[0027] The framing / deframing module uses a first-in-first-out memory to cache the received data packets after framing. It triggers the memory to start reading data at a fixed time when receiving the transmitted data packet, thereby coupling the received data packet with the transmitted data packet and eliminating the impact of the delay jitter introduced by UDP transmission on the measurement and control function.

[0028] refer to Figure 3 As shown, the baseband processing unit includes a UDP transmission module, a beamforming module, and a functional processing module, which are connected in sequence. The UDP transmission module is connected to the switching unit to implement the transmission and reception of UDP data. The beamforming module implements transmit waveform formation and receive beamforming, and supports the generation of multiple antenna nodes and multiple signal waveforms. The functional processing module is connected to the control unit, transmits processed information to the control unit, and receives control parameters issued by the control unit.

[0029] The functional processing modules include active detection transmit signal processing, digital transmission receive signal processing, spectrum sensing signal processing, measurement and control signal processing, active detection receive signal processing, and passive detection receive signal processing. The active detection transmit signal processing module generates the radiated signal stream for one antenna node, the measurement and control signal processing module processes the transmit and receive signal streams for one antenna node, the digital transmission receive signal processing module and the spectrum sensing signal processing module process the receive signal stream for one antenna node, and the active detection receive signal processing and passive detection receive signal processing modules simultaneously process the receive signal streams of four antenna nodes.

[0030] The baseband processing unit has multiple types of processing resources, configured to perform different processing functions based on the control parameters of the control unit. Any baseband processing unit can be configured with multiple UDP transmission modules, beamforming modules, and functional processing modules. The functional processing modules of the same baseband processing unit can be configured to perform one or more functional processing functions (i.e., one or more of active detection transmit signal processing, data transmission receive signal processing, spectrum sensing signal processing, measurement and control signal processing, active detection receive signal processing, and passive detection receive signal processing).

[0031] The control unit is connected to the baseband processing unit, receives the service information obtained by the baseband processing unit, and sends control parameters to the baseband processing unit. Through the fusion processing of different service information, it realizes the coordination between different antenna nodes and the coordination between different functions, and further achieves the effect of perception-assisted measurement and control, and measurement and control-enhanced perception.

[0032] The control unit provides human-computer interaction functions. Users can control the system remotely and locally, manage system equipment in a unified manner, and monitor the status of antenna nodes, switching units, and baseband processing units.

[0033] When used in low-orbit constellations, the system automatically adapts to both cooperative and non-cooperative satellites. For cooperative satellites, the system dispatches one or more antenna nodes to perform spectrum sensing on satellite downlink signals, analyzing, identifying, and authenticating satellite signals. When a satellite requires access, the system dispatches antenna nodes and baseband processing units, configuring them for measurement and control (TT&C) or data transmission. Autonomous satellite access is achieved by establishing TT&C and data transmission links between the antenna nodes and the satellite. Furthermore, the system integrates service information obtained from TT&C signal processing and data transmission receive signal processing to manage the cooperative satellite's on-orbit status.

[0034] For non-cooperative satellites, when they are radiating signals to Earth, the system dispatches four antenna nodes as passive detection receiving nodes, which, in conjunction with a baseband processing unit configured for passive detection receive signal processing, receive and process the passive detection signals. When the satellites are not radiating signals to Earth, the system dispatches one antenna node as an active detection transmitting node, which, in conjunction with a baseband processing unit configured for active detection transmit signal processing, transmits active detection signals. Four antenna nodes are dispatched as active detection receiving nodes, which, in conjunction with a baseband processing unit configured for active detection receive signal processing, receive and process active detection signals. Through active and passive detection, the system analyzes the position, orbit, and radio characteristics of non-cooperative satellites, further enabling situational assessment and movement assessment of non-cooperative targets. If movements by non-cooperative targets are detected that pose a threat to cooperative targets, the system rapidly dispatches antenna nodes and baseband processing units to implement measurement and control (T&C) functions, establishes a T&C link with cooperative satellites, and controls the cooperative satellites to execute protective and evasive maneuvers.

[0035] The aforementioned basic examples and their further selected examples can be freely combined to form multiple embodiments, all of which are embodiments that can be adopted and claimed for protection in this application. In this application, each selected example can be arbitrarily combined with any other basic examples and selected examples.

[0036] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. An integrated aircraft measurement, control, and perception system, comprising N antenna nodes and a baseband resource pool, characterized in that: The baseband resource pool includes a switching unit, M baseband processing units and a control unit; N antenna nodes are simultaneously connected to the switching unit, the switching unit is respectively connected to the M baseband processing units, and the M baseband processing units are simultaneously connected to the control unit.

2. The integrated aircraft measurement, control, and perception system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The switching unit realizes data transmission between any antenna node and any baseband processing unit, as well as between any two baseband processing units. The baseband processing unit provides FPGA, DSP, GPU and CPU processing resources to realize independent processing of baseband signal processing functions such as measurement and control, data transmission, spectrum sensing, active detection and passive detection, or to realize integrated processing between baseband signal processing functions.

3. The integrated aircraft measurement, control, and perception system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antenna nodes simultaneously form multiple receiving beams and transmitting beams, aiming at different airspace directions, and realize the measurement, control and perception functions of multiple targets at the same time. One antenna node works independently to realize the target's data transmission, measurement, control and spectrum perception functions. Four antenna nodes work together to realize the target's passive detection function. Five antenna nodes work together to realize the target's active detection function. The system is configured with no less than 5 antenna nodes to realize the integration of five functions: measurement and control, data transmission, spectrum perception, passive detection and active detection.

4. The integrated aircraft measurement, control, and perception system according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The antenna node uses a digital phased array antenna, including T array element channels. Each array element channel includes an array element, T / R components, DA / AD, frequency conversion, filtering and variable sampling modules connected in sequence. All variable sampling modules are simultaneously connected to the framing / deframing module, and the framing / deframing module is further connected to the UDP transmission module.

5. The integrated aircraft measurement, control and perception system according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the signal reception direction, T array elements simultaneously receive T signals, which are successively processed by R components, AD, down-conversion, filtering and downsampling, and then uniformly framed to form receive data packets, and finally sent to the back-end switching unit via UDP transmission; in the signal transmission direction, the UDP transmission module receives the transmit data packets sent by the switching unit, forms T data streams through deframing, and then undergoes upsampling processing, filtering, up-conversion, DA and T components respectively, and is radiated through T array elements.

6. The integrated aircraft measurement, control, and perception system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The framing / deframing module uses a first-in-first-out memory to cache the received data packets after framing. It triggers the memory to start reading data at a fixed time when receiving the transmitted data packet, thereby coupling the received data packet with the transmitted data packet and eliminating the impact of the delay jitter introduced by UDP transmission on the measurement and control function.

7. The integrated aircraft measurement, control, and perception system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The baseband processing unit includes a UDP transmission module, a beamforming module and a functional processing module connected in sequence; the UDP transmission module is connected to the switching unit to realize the transmission and reception of UDP data; the beamforming module realizes transmit waveform forming and receive beamforming, and simultaneously supports the generation of multiple antenna nodes and multiple signal waveforms; the functional processing module is connected to the control unit, transmits the processed information to the control unit, and receives the control parameters issued by the control unit.

8. The integrated aircraft measurement, control and perception system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The functional processing modules include active detection transmission signal processing, digital transmission reception signal processing, spectrum sensing signal processing, measurement and control signal processing, active detection reception signal processing and passive detection reception signal processing modules; the active detection transmission signal processing module generates the radiation signal stream of an antenna node, the measurement and control signal processing module processes the transmission and reception signal stream of an antenna node, the digital transmission reception signal processing module and the spectrum sensing signal processing module process the reception signal stream of an antenna node, and the active detection reception signal processing and passive detection reception signal processing modules process the reception signal streams of four antenna nodes at the same time.

9. The integrated aircraft measurement, control and perception system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The baseband processing unit has multiple types of processing resources, which are configured into different processing functions according to the control parameters of the control unit; any baseband processing unit is configured with multiple UDP transmission modules, beamforming modules and functional processing modules, and the functional processing modules of the same baseband processing unit are configured into one or several functional processing.

10. The aircraft measurement, control and perception integrated system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control unit is connected to the baseband processing unit, receives the business information obtained by the baseband processing unit, and sends control parameters to the baseband processing unit. Through the fusion processing of different business information, it realizes the coordination between different antenna nodes and the coordination between different functions, and further achieves the effect of perception-assisted measurement and control, and measurement and control-enhanced perception; the control unit provides human-computer interaction function, and users can control the system remotely and locally, uniformly manage the system equipment, and monitor the status of antenna nodes, switching units, and baseband processing units.

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