A cutting head protection mechanism for fiber laser cutting machine

Abstract

The application discloses a cutting head protection mechanism for a fiber laser cutting machine, and belongs to the technical field of laser cutting devices.The cutting head protection mechanism comprises a protective shell arranged outside a nozzle, a cooling cavity is arranged between the protective shell and the nozzle, the cooling cavity is connected to a water cooling system of the cutting head through water inlet holes and water outlet holes and forms a circulation loop.The cutting head protection mechanism for the fiber laser cutting machine is characterized in that the protective shell is arranged outside the nozzle, a cooling cavity is formed between the protective shell and the nozzle, the cooling cavity is connected to the water cooling system through the water inlet holes and the water outlet holes arranged on the protective shell, the cooling liquid of the water cooling system can continuously circulate through the water inlet holes, the cooling cavity and the water outlet holes, the nozzle is prevented from overheating through the circulation of the cooling liquid and the blowing of the auxiliary gas, and the service life of the nozzle is prolonged.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the technical field of laser cutting devices, and discloses a cutting head protection mechanism for a fiber laser cutting machine. BACKGROUND

[0002] The fiber laser cutting machine adopts an optical fiber as a transmission medium to transmit a laser beam to a cutting head, and has a simpler structure, faster cutting speed and smaller cutting gap than a common laser cutting machine; the fiber laser cutting machine is composed of a laser generator, an optical fiber transmission system and a cutting head, and the cutting head comprises a collimating assembly, a tracking sensor, a focusing mirror and a nozzle; in the use process of the cutting head, in order to avoid damage of each lens installed in the shell due to overheating, a water cooling system is usually provided to cool each component of the cutting head.

[0003] For example, a laser cutting head is disclosed in a patent with the publication number CN117182352B and the publication date of 2024-02-20, which comprises an optical fiber connector, a first protection assembly, an optical module, a second protection assembly and a nozzle blowing assembly connected in sequence, wherein the nozzle blowing assembly comprises a first sleeve, a first housing and a nozzle, the first sleeve is provided with a first light transmission blowing channel, the first housing is sleeved on the first sleeve, a first heat dissipation channel is formed between the first housing and the first sleeve, the first housing is provided with a cooling air channel, a first inlet, a first outlet and a first gas outlet, the first inlet and the first outlet are communicated with the first heat dissipation channel, and the first gas outlet is communicated with the cooling air channel; the nozzle is connected with the first housing, the first light transmission blowing channel is communicated with the nozzle, and the first gas outlet is located on the side of the first housing close to the nozzle, which overcomes the problem that the existing cutting head only designs a heat dissipation structure on the shell of the optical module and cannot meet the heat dissipation requirement, has the advantages of good heat dissipation effect and good cutting performance, and is suitable for high-power lasers.

[0004] The existing laser cutting head, including the above-mentioned patent, has the following disadvantages: the water cooling of the existing cutting head can only cool the collimating assembly and the focusing mirror, and in the cutting process, the nozzle is closest to the workpiece, so the temperature of the position where the nozzle is located is the highest relative to the collimating assembly and the focusing mirror, and the nozzle only relies on the ejection of cutting gas to carry away part of the heat, which leads to the fact that the nozzle is easily damaged due to high temperature, and once the nozzle is overheated and deformed, the cutting quality will be reduced. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a cutting head protection mechanism for a fiber laser cutting machine to avoid damage of the nozzle of the laser head due to overheating.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme:

[0007] A cutting head protection mechanism for fiber laser cutting machine, comprising a protective shell arranged outside a nozzle, a cooling cavity is arranged between the protective shell and the nozzle, the cooling cavity is connected to a water cooling system of the cutting head through an inlet hole and an outlet hole and forms a circulation loop.

[0008] The cutting head protection mechanism, the cooling cavity can be compressed.

[0009] The cutting head protection mechanism, the inner wall of the protective shell is matched with the outer wall of the nozzle, and the protective shell has a first state in which the inner wall is separated from the outer wall of the nozzle and a second state in which the inner wall and the outer wall of the nozzle are in contact with each other.

[0010] The cutting head protection mechanism, a connecting seat is mounted on the nozzle, the upper part of the protective shell is connected to the connecting seat in dynamic sealing, and the lower part of the protective shell is connected to the lower part of the nozzle in dynamic sealing.

[0011] The cutting head protection mechanism, the protective shell comprises a connecting ring, a protective cover and a connecting cylinder, the inner wall of the protective cover is matched with the shape of the outer wall of the nozzle, the connecting ring is connected to the inner wall of the connecting seat in dynamic sealing, and the connecting ring is fixedly connected to the upper part of the protective cover, the lower end of the connecting cylinder is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the lower part of the protective cover, and the side wall of the connecting cylinder is connected to the lower part of the nozzle in dynamic sealing.

[0012] The cutting head protection mechanism, a one-way valve is arranged at the inlet hole and the outlet hole.

[0013] The cutting head protection mechanism, the connecting seat is connected to the nozzle in rotation, the inner wall of the protective shell is provided with a protrusion, the outer wall of the nozzle is provided with a limiting groove matched with the protrusion, and the protrusion and the limiting groove are matched with each other when the protective shell is in the second state.

[0014] The cutting head protection mechanism, a limiting piece is arranged on the protective shell, and the limiting piece limits the movement of the protective shell in the vertical direction.

[0015] The cutting head protection mechanism, the limiting piece comprises a first limiting column fixedly connected to the protective shell, a guide hole matched with the limiting column is arranged on the connecting seat, and the upper end of the first limiting column extends into the guide hole.

[0016] The cutting head protection mechanism, the protrusion is in a strip shape, and the protrusion is arranged along the generatrix direction of the protective cover, the upper end of the protrusion is fixedly connected to the connecting ring, a drainage hole is arranged in the length direction of the protrusion, and the upper end of the drainage hole is communicated with the inlet hole.

[0017] In the technical scheme, the cutting head protection mechanism for the fiber laser cutting machine is provided, the protective shell is installed outside the nozzle, a cooling cavity is formed between the protective shell and the nozzle, the water inlet hole and the water outlet hole are arranged on the protective shell, the cooling cavity is connected to the water cooling system, the cooling liquid of the water cooling system is circulated through the water inlet hole, the cooling cavity and the water outlet hole, the nozzle is prevented from overheating through the circulation of the cooling liquid and the blowing of the auxiliary gas, and the service life of the nozzle is prolonged. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present application, and other drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art according to these drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 The protective shell installation state schematic diagram provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0020] Figure 2 The enlarged schematic diagram of the nozzle and the protective shell provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0021] Figure 3 The connection state sectional view of the nozzle and the protective shell provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0022] Figure 4 The enlarged schematic diagram of the second limiting column provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure. Figure 3 The enlarged schematic diagram of the second limiting column provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0023] Figure 5 The exploded state top view of the protective shell and the nozzle provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0024] Figure 6 The exploded state top view of the protective shell and the nozzle provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0025] Figure 7 The enlarged schematic diagram of the second limiting column provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0026] Figure 8 The top view of the protective shell provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0027] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0028] 1, shell; 11, nozzle; 111, limiting groove; 2, protective shell; 21, connecting ring; 211, first limiting column; 212, second limiting column; 2121, cylindrical cavity; 2122, notch; 22, protective cover; 221, protrusion; 2211, drainage hole; 23, connecting barrel; 3, cooling cavity; 4, connecting seat; 41, water inlet hole; 42, water outlet hole; 43, one-way valve; 44, guide hole; 5, circulating pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the technical personnel in the art better understand the technical solutions of the present application, the present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings.

[0030] In the description of the present application, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more; The terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front end", "rear end", "head", "tail" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation and be operated, therefore It cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; It can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection; It can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through intermediate medium. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0031] As Figures 1 to 8 shown, the cutting head protection mechanism for the optical fiber laser cutting machine provided by the embodiment of the present application comprises a protective shell 2 arranged outside the nozzle 11, a cooling cavity 3 is arranged between the protective shell 2 and the nozzle 11, the cooling cavity 3 is connected to the water cooling system of the cutting head through the water inlet hole 41 and the water outlet hole 42 and forms a circulating loop.

[0032] Specifically, in the process of using the fiber laser cutting machine, the protection mechanism is used for water cooling the nozzle 11, reducing the temperature at the nozzle 11, to avoid the nozzle 11 from being deformed due to overheating, resulting in the uniformity of the auxiliary gas being reduced, and the cutting being unstable, such as cutting not through, the left and right cross sections being different, and the cutting quality being reduced; the laser cutting head includes a shell 1, a collimating assembly and a focusing mirror (the structure in the shell 1 is prior art, not shown in the figure) arranged in the shell 1, etc., and the lower part of the shell 1 is provided with the nozzle 11; the protection mechanism includes a protective shell 2 arranged on the nozzle 11, the protective shell 2 is sleeved on the outside of the nozzle 11, and a cooling cavity 3 is arranged between the inner wall of the protective shell 2 and the outer wall of the nozzle 11, the cooling cavity 3 is filled with cooling liquid such as pure water (hereinafter referred to as cooling liquid), optionally, the water inlet hole 41 and the water outlet hole 42 are arranged on the protective shell 2, and the water inlet hole 41 and the water outlet hole 42 are arranged on the two sides of the upper part of the protective shell 2 respectively, so as to increase the distance between the water inlet hole 41 and the water outlet hole 42, so that the cooling liquid has enough time for heat conduction when circulating, the water inlet hole 41 and the water outlet hole 42 are connected to the water cooling system of the cutting head through the circulating pipe 5 and form a circulating loop, and the circulation of the cooling liquid in the cooling cavity 3 is realized through the pump in the water cooling system, so as to continuously take away the heat at the nozzle 11 to prevent the nozzle 11 from being deformed due to overheating.

[0033] The cutting head protection mechanism provided by the embodiment of the application has the advantages that the protective shell 2 is arranged outside the nozzle 11 to form the cooling cavity 3 between the protective shell 2 and the nozzle 11, and the cooling cavity 3 is connected to the water cooling system through the water inlet hole 41 and the water outlet hole 42 arranged on the protective shell 2, so that the cooling liquid in the water cooling system can continuously circulate through the water inlet hole 41, the cooling cavity 3 and the water outlet hole 42, and the nozzle 11 is prevented from overheating through the circulation of the cooling liquid and the blowing of the auxiliary gas, thereby prolonging the service life of the nozzle 11.

[0034] In another embodiment of the application, the cooling cavity 3 can be compressed.

[0035] Further, the inner wall of the protective shell 2 is matched with the outer wall of the nozzle 11, and the protective shell 2 has a first state in which the inner wall is separated from the outer wall of the nozzle 11 and a second state in which the inner wall is in contact with the outer wall of the nozzle 11.

[0036] Specifically, in the process of using the laser cutting machine, the workpiece material, thickness and other factors need to be replaced by different caliber nozzle 11, in the replacement of the nozzle 11, the cooling cavity 3 of the cooling liquid is easy to leak out, on the one hand, the replacement operation of the nozzle 11, on the other hand, it will cause the loss of all cooling liquid in the cooling cavity 3, so as to need to be filled with cooling liquid frequently; in this embodiment, the cooling cavity 3 can be compressed, so that the cooling liquid in the cooling cavity 3 can be extruded into the circulating pipe 5 of the cooling system through the water inlet hole 41 and the water outlet hole 42; in order to make the cooling cavity 3 can be compressed, the inner wall of the protective shell 2 is matched with the outer wall of the nozzle 11, and the protective shell 2 has a first state and a second state:

[0037] In the first state, the inner wall of the protective shell 2 and the outer wall of the nozzle 11 are in a separated state, at this time, the gap between the protective shell 2 and the nozzle 11 is the largest, that is, the volume of the cooling cavity 3 is the largest at this time;

[0038] In the second state, the inner wall of the protective shell 2 and the outer wall of the nozzle 11 are in contact with each other, at this time, the space of the cooling cavity 3 is compressed to the minimum.

[0039] In order to ensure the sealing of the cooling cavity 3, the upper part of the protective shell 2 and the upper part of the nozzle 11 are connected by the first bellows, and the lower part of the protective shell 2 and the lower part of the nozzle 11 are connected by the second bellows, the inner wall of the first bellows, the inner wall of the protective shell 2, the outer wall of the nozzle 11 and the inner wall of the second bellows together form the cooling cavity 3 (this is an optional embodiment, the first bellows and the second bellows are not shown in the figure); through the compressibility of the bellows, the protective shell 2 and the nozzle 11 can move relatively, the protective shell 2 is vertically moved upward from the first state to adjust to the second state, so as to compress the volume of the cooling cavity 3 to the minimum (affected by the length of the bellows itself, the volume of the cooling cavity 3 cannot be compressed to zero), the cooling liquid in the cooling cavity 3 is pressed into the circulating pipe 5 of the water cooling system through the water inlet hole 41 and the water outlet hole 42 as much as possible, obviously, in order to avoid the cooling liquid pressed into the circulating pipe 5 from flowing out when the nozzle 11 is disassembled, the valve is arranged at the connection between the circulating pipe 5 and the water inlet hole 41 and the water outlet hole 42, preferably, the valve is an existing electric control valve.

[0040] In this embodiment, the relative movement of the protective shell 2 and the nozzle 11 makes the cooling cavity 3 be compressed, when the nozzle 11 is disassembled, the cooling liquid is pressed into the circulating pipe 5 as much as possible through the adjustment of the protective shell 2 from the first state to the second state, so as to reduce the loss of cooling liquid in the process of replacing the nozzle 11 and reduce the frequency of supplementing the cooling liquid.

[0041] Further, the nozzle 11 is provided with a connecting seat 4, the upper part of the protective shell 2 is connected with the connecting seat 4 in dynamic sealing, and the lower part of the protective shell 2 is connected with the lower part of the nozzle 11 in dynamic sealing.

[0042] Specifically, in the above embodiment, the protective shell 2 is connected with the nozzle 11 by two groups of bellows, so that the cooling cavity 3 can be compressed, but the bellows cannot be completely compressed, when the bellows are compressed to the shortest state, a certain amount of cooling liquid is still reserved in the remaining volume of the cooling cavity 3, and the cooling liquid reserved between the protective shell 2 and the nozzle 11 near the position of the second bellows is inconvenient or even impossible to pour out, which is very unfavorable for the storage of the nozzle; in the present embodiment, a connecting seat 4 is installed on the nozzle 11, as shown in Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6 , the connecting seat 4 is annular, and the inner diameter of the upper part of the connecting seat 4 is smaller than that of the lower part, in the present embodiment, the water inlet hole 41 and the water outlet hole 42 are both arranged on the connecting seat 4, the protective shell 2 includes a connecting ring 21, a protective cover 22 and a connecting cylinder 23, the protective cover 22 is in the shape of an inverted circular truncated cone, the inner wall of the protective cover 22 is matched with the shape of the outer wall of the nozzle 11, so that the protective cover 22 can be completely attached to the outer wall of the nozzle 11, the connecting ring 21 is in dynamic sealing connection with the inner wall of the connecting seat 4, and the connecting ring 21 is fixedly connected with the upper part (the end with larger inner diameter) of the protective cover 22, as shown in Figure 3 , the lower end of the connecting cylinder 23 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the lower part (the end with smaller inner diameter) of the protective cover 22, and the side wall of the connecting cylinder 23 is in dynamic sealing connection with the lower part of the nozzle 11, during the laser cutting process, the laser beam and the auxiliary gas pass through the middle part of the connecting cylinder 23.

[0043] When it is necessary to disassemble the nozzle 11, the protective cover 22 is pushed to move vertically upward, so that the protective shell 2 can be adjusted from the above-mentioned first state to the second state, the operation is simple and the cooling cavity 3 can be completely compressed, when the nozzle 11 is disassembled, only a small amount of cooling liquid is reserved at the water inlet hole 41 and the water outlet hole 42, which cannot be compressed into the circulating pipe 5, but the two places of the remaining cooling liquid are relatively easy to pour out, so that it is favorable for the storage of the nozzle 11; on the other hand, since the cooling cavity 3 can be compressed, if the protective shell 2 hits the workpiece or the clamp due to improper operation during the laser cutting process, the protective shell 2 can reduce its own damage by compressing the cooling cavity 3, and the cooling liquid can also buffer the protective shell 2 during being compressed into the circulating pipe 5, reducing the impact force of the protective shell 2 on the nozzle 11.

[0044] Further, a one-way valve 43 is arranged at each of the water inlet hole 41 and the water outlet hole 42.

[0045] For the convenience of description, the one-way valve 43 at the water inlet hole 41 is a first valve, and the water outlet end of the first valve is communicated to the cooling cavity 3. The one-way valve 43 at the water outlet hole 42 is a second valve, and the water inlet end of the second valve is communicated to the cooling cavity 3. In this way, when the protective cover 22 is displaced and the cooling cavity 3 is compressed due to impact, the cooling liquid in the cooling cavity 3 can only flow to the circulating pipe 5 through the water outlet hole 42, so as to improve the buffering effect on the protective shell 2.

[0046] In another embodiment of the present application, the connecting seat 4 is rotatably connected with the nozzle 11, the inner wall of the protective shell 2 is provided with a protrusion 221, and the outer wall of the nozzle 11 is provided with a limiting groove 111 matched with the protrusion 221. When the protective shell 2 is in the second state, the protrusion 221 and the limiting groove 111 are matched with each other.

[0047] Specifically, in the above embodiment, the nozzle 11 can be disassembled regardless of whether the protective shell 2 is in the first state or the second state, and it is easy to forget to compress the cooling cavity 3 to press the cooling liquid into the circulating pipe 5 during replacement of the nozzle 11. In the present embodiment, the connecting seat 4 is rotatably connected with the nozzle 11, and the connecting seat 4 and the nozzle 11 are dynamically sealed at the connection position. In addition, the inner wall of the protective shell 2 is provided with a protrusion 221, and the protrusion 221 is arranged on the inner wall of the protective cover 22. The outer wall of the nozzle 11 is provided with a limiting groove 111 matched with the protrusion 221. When the protective shell 2 is in the second state, the protrusion 221 is inserted into the limiting groove 111. In the present embodiment, the nozzle 11 is threadedly connected with the lower part of the shell 1. As shown in Figure 2 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6 , the upper part of the nozzle 11 is provided with external threads, and the lower part of the cutting head shell 1 is provided with internal threads (not shown in the figure).

[0048] Thus, the cutting head is completely inside the protective shell 2, and the connecting seat 4 is rotatably connected with the cutting head, so the nozzle 11 cannot be directly removed by rotating the connecting seat 4. In the embodiment, when the nozzle 11 needs to be replaced, the protective cover 22 is pushed upward to move the protective shell 2 from the first state to the second state until the protrusion 221 is inserted into the limiting groove 111, that is, the cooling cavity 3 needs to be compressed. At this time, the protective cover 22 is rotated, and the protective cover 22 can drive the nozzle 11 to rotate through the cooperation of the protrusion 221 and the limiting groove 111, thereby achieving the disassembly of the nozzle 11. Obviously, in order to facilitate the rotation of the protective cover 22, the outer wall of the protective cover 22 is provided with a plurality of protrusions. In addition, the connecting seat 4 is also provided with a sensor. When the protective shell 2 is in the second state, the controller in the water cooling system automatically closes the valve at the connection between the circulating pipe 5 and the water inlet hole 41 and the water outlet hole 42. The sensor can be a pressure sensor. The pressure sensor is arranged on the inner wall of the connecting seat 4. When the protective shell 2 is in the second state, the connecting ring 21 contacts and is detected by the pressure sensor. The use of the sensor for monitoring and the controller for controlling the opening and closing of the valve is a prior art, which can be directly applied without further description.

[0049] Further, the protective shell 2 is provided with a limiting piece, which limits the movement of the protective shell 2 in the vertical direction.

[0050] Further, the limiting piece includes a first limiting column 211 fixed to the protective shell 2, and the connecting seat 4 is provided with a guide hole 44 matched with the limiting column. The upper end of the first limiting column 211 extends into the guide hole 44.

[0051] Specifically, in the above embodiment, the connecting ring 21 is in dynamic sealing connection with the connecting seat 4, and the connection relationship between the two is the same as the cooperation relationship between the piston and the piston cylinder, so that the connecting ring 21 can slide up and down in the connecting seat 4 and can also rotate. Once the connecting ring 21 rotates, the protrusion 221 will be misaligned with the limiting groove 111, so that the protective shell 2 cannot be adjusted to the second state. When disassembling the nozzle 11, the protective cover 22 also needs to be rotated to adjust the position of the protrusion 221 until the protrusion 221 is opposite to the limiting groove 111. The operation is relatively inconvenient. In the embodiment, the protective shell 2 is provided with a limiting piece, which can limit the movement of the protective shell 2 so that it can only move up and down in the vertical direction. Figures 3 to 5As shown, the limiting piece includes a first limiting column 211, which is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the connecting ring 21. The connecting seat 4 is provided with a guide hole 44 matched with the first limiting column 211. When the protective shell 2 is in the first state and the second state, the upper end of the first limiting column 211 extends into the guide hole 44, and the connecting ring 21 is limited by the first limiting column 211 and cannot rotate by itself, so that the protruding block 221 and the limiting groove 111 are always opposite. Preferably, the cross section of the first limiting column 211 is T-shaped, which includes a disc with a larger diameter and a cylinder with a smaller diameter. The diameter of the guide hole 44 on the connecting seat 4 is matched with the diameter of the disc, so that the first limiting column 211 cannot be separated from the guide hole 44. On the other hand, the connecting ring 21 is also limited by the first limiting column 211, thereby avoiding the separation of the connecting ring 21 from the connecting seat 4.

[0052] In still another embodiment of the present application, the protruding block 221 is in a strip shape, and the protruding block 221 is arranged along the generatrix direction of the protective cover 22. The upper end of the protruding block 221 is fixedly connected with the connecting ring 21. A drainage hole 2211 is arranged in the protruding block 221 along the length direction of the protruding block 221, and the upper end of the drainage hole 2211 is communicated with the water inlet hole 41.

[0053] Specifically, in the above embodiment, the water inlet hole 41 and the water outlet hole 42 are both communicated to the upper part of the cooling cavity 3. When the cooling liquid circulates, the flowability of the cooling liquid in the lower part of the cooling cavity 3 is poor, and this part of the cooling liquid cannot participate in circulation or only a small amount of it participates in circulation, which leads to poor water cooling effect on the nozzle 11. In the present embodiment, the protruding block 221 is in a strip shape, and the protruding block 221 is arranged along the generatrix direction of the protective cover 22. The upper end of the protruding block 221 is fixedly connected with the connecting ring 21, and a drainage hole 2211 is arranged in the protruding block 221 along the length direction of the protruding block 221, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the upper end of the drainage hole 2211 is directly communicated to the water inlet hole 41, so that the cooling liquid introduced from the water inlet hole 41 can be directly introduced into the lower part of the cooling cavity 3 through the drainage hole 2211. Alternatively, different from the above embodiment, in the present embodiment, the first limiting column 211 is a hollow structure, that is, the first limiting column 211 is connected by a ring and a cylinder, and a cylindrical hole is arranged in the inside of the first limiting column 211. The guide hole 44 is directly communicated with the water inlet hole 41, so that the upper end of the cylindrical hole can be communicated with the water inlet hole 41, and the lower end of the cylindrical hole extends to the inside of the connecting ring 21. The drainage hole 2211 extends to the inside of the connecting ring 21 and is communicated with the cylindrical hole, so that the water introduced from the water inlet hole 41 can pass through the cylindrical hole into the drainage hole 2211 and be guided to the lower part of the cooling cavity 3 by the drainage hole 2211. In the present embodiment, on the one hand, the protruding block 221 can cooperate with the limiting groove 111 to enable the rotation of the protective cover 22 to drive the rotation of the nozzle 11. On the other hand, the protruding block 221 can also guide the cooling liquid to the lower part of the cooling cavity 3 through the drainage hole 2211 arranged in the inside of the protruding block 221.

[0054] Further, the second limiting post 212 is fixedly connected to the connecting ring 21 at a position corresponding to the water outlet hole 42, the upper end of the second limiting post 212 extends into the water outlet hole 42, and a cylindrical cavity 2121 is formed in the middle of the second limiting post 212, and a notch 2122 is formed in the side wall of the second limiting post 212.

[0055] Specifically, as shown in Figure 3 , 5 and Figure 8 , the second limiting post 212 is also fixedly connected to the connecting ring 21, and similarly, the second limiting post 212 comprises a ring and a cylinder connected to each other, and the connecting manner of the second limiting post 212 with the connecting seat 4 is the same as that of the first limiting post 211 with the connecting seat 4, which will not be described in detail, and the difference between the second limiting post 212 and the first limiting post 211 is that the lower part of the second limiting post 212 is provided with a notch 2122, the notch 2122 communicates the cooling cavity 3 with the cylindrical cavity 2121 in the second limiting post 212, and the cooling liquid in the cooling cavity 3 flows to the water outlet hole 42 through the notch 2122 and the cylindrical cavity 2121 formed in the second limiting post 212 to realize circulation;

[0056] In this way, when the protective cover 22 is impacted to cause the protective shell 2 to adjust from the first state to the second state, as the connecting ring 21 moves upward, the second limiting post 212 gradually extends into the connecting seat 4, so that the notch 2122 is gradually blocked, and the effective area of the notch 2122 for the flow of the cooling liquid gradually decreases, that is, during the movement of the protective shell 2 from the second state to the first state, the flow of the cooling liquid into the second limiting post 212 through the notch 2122 gradually decreases, so that the buffering effect is gradually improved, thereby improving the protection effect of the protective cover 22 and the nozzle 11.

[0057] The foregoing merely describes certain exemplary embodiments of the present application by way of illustration, and it is needless to say that those skilled in the art can modify the described embodiments in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Therefore, the foregoing drawings and descriptions are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A cutting head protection mechanism for a fiber laser cutting machine, comprising a protective shell arranged outside a nozzle, characterized in that: A cooling chamber is provided between the protective shell and the nozzle. The cooling chamber is connected to the water cooling system of the cutting head through the water inlet and outlet holes to form a circulation loop. The cooling chamber can be compressed. The inner wall of the protective shell is adapted to the outer wall of the nozzle. The protective shell has a first state in which the inner wall is separated from the outer wall of the nozzle and a second state in which the inner wall and the outer wall of the nozzle are in contact with each other. When in the first state, the gap between the protective shell and the nozzle is the largest, and the volume of the cooling chamber is the largest at this time. When in the second state, the space of the cooling chamber is compressed to the minimum. A connecting seat is installed on the nozzle, and the upper part of the protective shell is dynamically sealed with the connecting seat. The protective shell is connected, and the lower part of the protective shell is dynamically sealed with the lower part of the nozzle. The protective shell includes a connecting ring, a protective cover and a connecting tube. The inner wall of the protective cover is adapted to the shape of the outer wall of the nozzle. The connecting ring is dynamically sealed with the inner wall of the connecting seat, and the connecting ring is fixedly connected to the upper part of the protective cover. The lower end of the connecting tube is fixed to the lower inner wall of the protective cover, and the side wall of the connecting tube is dynamically sealed with the lower part of the nozzle. The connecting seat is rotatably connected to the nozzle. The inner wall of the protective shell is provided with a protrusion, and the outer wall of the nozzle is provided with a limiting groove that cooperates with the protrusion. When the protective shell is in the second state, the protrusion and the limiting groove cooperate with each other.

2. A cutting head protection mechanism for a fiber laser cutting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: One-way valves are provided at the water inlet and outlet.

3. The cutting head protection mechanism for a fiber laser cutting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limit piece is provided on the protective shell, which limits the movement of the protective shell in the vertical direction.

4. A cutting head protection mechanism for a fiber laser cutting machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The limiting component includes a first limiting column fixedly connected to the protective shell, a guide hole matching the limiting column is opened on the connecting seat, and the upper end of the first limiting column extends into the guide hole.

5. The cutting head protection mechanism for a fiber laser cutting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The convex block is in the shape of an elongated strip and is arranged along the busbar direction of the protective cover. The upper end of the convex block is fixedly connected to the connecting ring. A drainage hole is opened in the convex block along its own length direction, and the upper end of the drainage hole is connected to the water inlet hole.

Images