Ship ballast water treatment device based on micro-nano bubble characteristic technology

Abstract

The invention discloses a ship ballast water treatment device based on a micro-nano bubble characteristic technology. The ship ballast water treatment device comprises a micro-nano bubble generator, a reducing expanding pipe, an ultraviolet processor and a water-gas separator, firstly, a high-concentration micro-nano bubble group with the diameter smaller than or equal to 50 microns is generated through a micro-nano bubble generator, the micro-nano bubble group is mixed while ballast water enters a variable-diameter expanded pipe, and the ballast water mixed with the micro-nano bubbles enters an ultraviolet processor after being subjected to pressure reduction through the variable-diameter expanded pipe; after being subjected to ultraviolet sterilization treatment, the ballast water enters the water-gas separator, gas overflows from the ballast water, the water-gas separator exhausts the overflowed air through the automatic exhaust valve so as to ensure that the ballast water cannot leak, and impurities cannot enter the automatic exhaust valve through the air chamber which is uniquely designed. Compared with a traditional ship ballast water treatment device, the device is more energy-saving and efficient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ship ballast water treatment, and specifically designs a ship ballast water treatment device based on micro-nano bubble characteristic technology. Background Art

[0002] Ship ballast water, also known as ballast water, refers to the water and suspended matter added to a ship to control its heel, trim, draft, stability, or stress. It can be freshwater, seawater, or suspended matter added overboard. When the ship is unladen, ballast water maintains a certain draft depth to prevent the ship from capsizing. When loaded, ballast water can be adjusted to maintain a certain draft differential or flat draft, ensuring safe navigation in specific waters. Icebreakers also use ballast water for icebreaking operations. However, ballast water contains large amounts of plankton, microorganisms, and bacteria. These organisms can be transported to new environments during navigation, potentially leading to invasive species and damaging local ecosystems. Ballast water can even spread viral pathogens, causing harm to the marine ecosystem and human health. Ship ballast water treatment equipment is a type of marine water treatment equipment primarily used to treat ship ballast water. During operations like loading and unloading cargo and draining water, ships release ballast water from their hulls. This wastewater contains sediments, bacteria, and other substances that can pollute the marine environment. Therefore, ballast water treatment is necessary to protect the environment. Traditional ballast water treatment systems are energy-intensive and costly, and are limited in their suitability for certain ship types. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Purpose of the invention: The present invention proposes a ship ballast water treatment device based on micro-nano bubble characteristic technology, which solves the problems of high energy consumption and limited applicable ship types in the existing technology.

[0004] Technical solution: The present invention is a ship ballast water treatment device based on micro-nano bubble characteristic technology, comprising a variable diameter expansion pipe, a micro-nano bubble generator located above the front end of the variable diameter expansion pipe, an ultraviolet processor located at the rear end of the variable diameter expansion pipe, and a water-gas separator connected to the ultraviolet processor; the cross-sectional diameter of the variable diameter expansion pipe gradually increases, one end of the variable diameter expansion pipe is connected to the ballast water inlet, and the other end is connected to the ultraviolet processor, the micro-nano bubble generator includes an ultrasonic transducer and a micro-nano bubble outlet located below the ultrasonic transducer, the micro-nano bubble generator is provided with an ultrasonic transducer and a micro-nano bubble outlet connected to the ultrasonic transducer. Nano bubble outlet, the micro-nano bubble generator is connected to the variable diameter expansion pipe through the micro-nano bubble outlet; the water-gas separator includes a first reaction chamber and a second reaction chamber located above the first reaction chamber; the first reaction chamber is provided with a first baffle and a cylindrical tube fixed below the first baffle and extending downward, and the cylindrical tube is surrounded by a spiral protrusion for guiding micro-nano bubbles to rise to the cylindrical tube; the first reaction chamber is connected to the second reaction chamber, and the second reaction chamber is provided with a second baffle and a fin-shaped baffle, the fin-shaped baffle is perpendicular to the second baffle and is located on the upper and lower sides of the second baffle, and a gas exhaust pipe is provided on the side wall of the second reaction chamber.

[0005] Preferably, the micro-nano bubble generator is further provided with a clean water inlet and an air inlet, the clean water inlet is located at the upper end of the micro-nano bubble generator, and the air inlet is provided on the side wall of the upper end of the micro-nano bubble generator.

[0006] Preferably, the expansion angle of the variable diameter expansion tube is in the range of 8° to 15°, the aspect ratio is 2 to 4, and the inner wall of the variable diameter expansion tube is rough.

[0007] Preferably, the UV processor is provided with a plurality of UV lamps and a protective sleeve located outside the UV lamps.

[0008] Preferably, a water inlet is provided on one side wall of the first reaction chamber, and a ballast water outlet is provided on the other side wall, and the water-gas separator is connected to the ultraviolet processor through the water inlet.

[0009] Preferably, a drain outlet is provided at the bottom of the first reaction chamber.

[0010] Preferably, the first reaction chamber is connected to the second reaction chamber on one side via an inflow pipe and on the other side via an outflow pipe.

[0011] Preferably, eight circular holes are evenly arranged along the circumference of the first partition, and a plurality of circular holes are provided on the second partition.

[0012] Preferably, the ballast water outlet is located below the first partition.

[0013] Preferably, the gas exhaust pipe is located above the second partition plate.

[0014] Beneficial Effects: The present invention utilizes the properties of micro-nanobubbles, which exhibit long residence times in water, self-pressurization, contraction, and dissolution, as well as electric charge, high interfacial zeta potential, instantaneous localized generation of hotspots exceeding 5000K upon depressurization, and the formation of OH-free radicals. This system treats the ship's ballast water before it enters the UV treatment system, thereby reducing the UV treatment system's peak irradiation intensity. After the ballast water leaves the UV treatment system, the system allows gas to escape from the ballast water via an independent water-gas separator equipped with multiple spiral ridges that enhance gas-water separation. These spiral ridges, the core component of the independent water-gas separator, remove the smallest microbubbles and particles from the water while exerting minimal fluid resistance. The water-gas separator then vents the escaped air through a gas discharge pipe, ensuring that the ballast water does not leak. A uniquely designed air chamber prevents impurities from entering the automatic exhaust valve. Compared to conventional ship ballast water treatment systems, this system offers lower energy consumption, greater cost-effectiveness, simpler installation, and reduced equipment complexity, making it suitable for a wider range of ship types. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram of the ship ballast water treatment device of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the micro-nano bubble generator of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a flow chart of ship ballast water treatment according to the present invention;

[0018] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the water-gas separator device of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the fin-shaped partition of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] like Figure 1-Figure 5As shown, the present invention proposes a ship ballast water treatment device based on micro-nano bubble characteristic technology, comprising a ballast water inlet 17, a micro-nano bubble generator 1, a reducing expansion pipe 2, a UV treatment device 3, and a water vapor separator 4. One end of the reducing expansion pipe 2 is connected to the ballast water inlet 17, and the upper portion of the reducing expansion pipe near the ballast water inlet is connected to the micro-nano bubble generator 1. The other end of the reducing expansion pipe 2 is connected to the UV treatment device 3, which is connected to the water vapor separator 4. The cross-sectional diameter of the reducing expansion pipe 2 gradually increases, with the smallest diameter near the ballast water outlet 17 and the largest diameter near the UV treatment device 3. The expansion angle of the reducing expansion pipe ranges from 8° to 15°, and the aspect ratio is 2 to 4. The interior of the pipe requires increased roughness. The micro-nano bubble generator includes a purified water inlet 1.1, an air inlet 1.2, an ultrasonic transducer 1.3, and a micro-nano bubble outlet 1.4. The purified water inlet 1.1 is located at the top of the micro-nano bubble generator 1, while the air inlet 1.2 is located on the sidewall. The micro-nano bubble outlet 1.4 is located at the bottom of the micro-nano bubble generator 1. An ultrasonic transducer 1.3 is located at the bottom of the micro-nano bubble generator 1. Bubbles with diameters ranging from 10 to several tens of micrometers in water are called microbubbles, while bubbles with diameters below several hundred nanometers are called nanobubbles. A mixture of these two types of bubbles is called micro-nano bubbles. These micro-nano bubbles exhibit characteristics such as long residence time in water, self-pressurization, contraction, and dissolution, electric charge, high interfacial zeta potential, instantaneous generation of local hot spots exceeding 5000K when depressurized, and the formation of OH-free radicals. In order to solve the problem that the "high-efficiency composite physical treatment ship ballast water treatment device" has high energy consumption and is not suitable for installation on ultra-large ships, micro-nano bubble technology is used to improve the traditional ultrasonic-assisted sterilization technology. At the inlet end of the ballast water treatment device, a micro-nano bubble generator is used to generate a high-concentration micro-nano bubble group with a diameter of ≤50μm and mix it into the ballast water. The micro-nano bubbles are decompressed through a variable diameter expansion pipe in the ballast water before reaching the UV processor, so that the micro-nano bubbles expand, burst and overflow in the water body. The bubble bath generates shear force, local high pressure and hot spots and OH-free radicals, so that the spore membranes of microorganisms in the ballast water, such as "Aspergillus niger spores", which have hard membrane shells and require large doses of ultraviolet radiation energy to be inactivated, are damaged and ruptured under mechanical shear force. Under local high pressure and high temperature, the intracellular lysate and cell nucleus of the spores are further damaged under the reduction action of OH-free radicals, causing the microbial cells to lose their activity.

[0021] The UV processor 3 is equipped with several UV lamps and protective sleeves. When this part of the ballast water enters the UV sterilizer, the UV irradiation sterilization dose does not need to reach the 600,000 mJ / cm required to kill the "Aspergillus niger spores". 2 , which greatly reduces the energy consumption of the system and enables the system to be adapted to various ship types.

[0022] The water-gas separator 4 includes a first reaction chamber 18 and a second reaction chamber 10. The second reaction chamber 10 is located above the first reaction chamber 18 and communicates with the second reaction chamber 10 via an inlet pipe 19 and an outlet pipe 14, respectively. A first baffle 9, a cylindrical tube 6, and a spiral protrusion 7 are located within the first reaction chamber 18. A pair of cylindrical tubes 6 are symmetrically welded below the first baffle 9, each equipped with a spiral protrusion 7. The first baffle 9 has eight evenly distributed circular holes 8. A water inlet 5 is located at the lower end of one side of the first reaction chamber 18, while a ballast water outlet 15 is located at the upper end of the other side. The ballast water outlet 15 is located below the first baffle 9, and a drain 16 is located at the bottom. A second partition 12 and a fin-shaped partition 11 are provided in the second reaction chamber 10. Fin-shaped partitions 11 are provided on the upper and lower sides of the second partition 12. The fin-shaped partitions 11 are arranged vertically relative to the second partition 12. There are two fin-shaped partitions 11. The fin-shaped partition above the second partition 12 has a fin-shaped protrusion, and the fin-shaped partition 11 below the second partition 12 has two fin-shaped protrusions. A number of small holes are evenly arranged on the second partition 12. A gas exhaust pipe 13 is provided above one side of the second reaction chamber 10, and the gas exhaust pipe 13 is located above the second partition 12. The spiral protrusion 7 is the core part of the water-gas separator 4, which can remove the smallest microbubbles and particles in the water. It has little resistance to the fluid. The bubbles will move upward along the spiral protrusion 7 and reach the upper end through the uniform small holes. The microbubbles will adhere to the spiral protrusion. The microbubbles contain gas and rely on buoyancy to move upward along the spiral protrusion 7. The particles have weight and naturally sink and will not move upward. The material of the spiral protrusion 7 is a hydrophobic material; the spiral protrusion 7 prevents the bubbles from being affected by other factors during the rising process by causing the bubbles to rise in a spiral route along its surface; the upper part of the water-gas separator 4 is connected to the second reaction chamber 10, and a second partition 12 with uniform small holes is installed in the middle position of the second reaction chamber 10. A fin-shaped baffle 11 is welded to the lower ends of the second baffle 12, and the fin-shaped baffle 11 is spaced apart from the upper and lower inner walls of the second reaction chamber 10. The water vapor coming up from the first reaction chamber 18 will be further separated by the fin-shaped baffle 11, and the separated gas will flow upward along the fin-shaped baffle 11, and the liquid droplets will flow downward along the fin-shaped baffle 11. Finally, the gas will be discharged from the upper end of the device, and the liquid will flow back to the first reaction chamber 18 through the lower end pipe; the unique design of the first reaction chamber 18 and the second reaction chamber 10 prevents impurities from entering the second reaction chamber 10; the water-gas separator discharges the overflowed air through the gas discharge pipe 13 to ensure that the ballast water will not leak, thereby avoiding gas cavitation of the ballast tank.

[0023] The working process of the ballast water treatment device of this embodiment is as follows: when the untreated ballast water in the ship enters the reducing expansion pipe 2, the micro-nano bubble generator 1 located at the front end of the reducing expansion pipe 2 generates a high-concentration micro-nano bubble group with a diameter of ≤50μm and mixes it into the ballast water. The micro-nano bubbles are depressurized in the journey section before reaching the ultraviolet treatment device 3 in the ballast water, causing the micro-nano bubbles to expand, burst and overflow in the water body. After entering the ultraviolet treatment device 3 and being treated by ultraviolet radiation, they enter the water-gas separation device 4 to allow gas to overflow from the ballast water, which can remove the smallest microbubbles and particles in the water, and finally flow out of the treated ballast water and discharge the gas.

Claims

1. A ship ballast water treatment device based on micro-nano bubble characteristic technology, characterized in that: The invention comprises a reducing diameter expansion pipe (2), a micro-nano bubble generator (1) located above the front end of the reducing diameter expansion pipe (2), an ultraviolet treatment device (3) located at the rear end of the reducing diameter expansion pipe (2), and a water-gas separator (4) connected to the ultraviolet treatment device (3); the cross-sectional diameter of the reducing diameter expansion pipe (2) gradually increases; one end of the reducing diameter expansion pipe (2) is connected to a ballast water inlet (17), and the other end is connected to the ultraviolet treatment device (3); the micro-nano bubble generator (1) comprises an ultrasonic transducer (1.3) and a micro-nano bubble outlet (1.4) located below the ultrasonic transducer (1.3); the micro-nano bubble generator (1) is provided with an ultrasonic transducer (1.3) and a micro-nano bubble outlet (1.4) connected to the ultrasonic transducer (1.3); the micro-nano bubble generator (1) is connected to the ultraviolet treatment device (3); The micro-nano bubble outlet (1.4) is connected to the variable diameter expansion pipe (2); the water-gas separator (4) comprises a first reaction chamber (18) and a second reaction chamber (10) located above the first reaction chamber (18); a first partition (9) and a cylindrical tube (6) fixed below the first partition (9) and extending downward are provided in the first reaction chamber, and a spiral protrusion (7) is provided around the cylindrical tube (6) for guiding the micro-nano bubbles to rise to the spiral protrusion (7); the first reaction chamber (18) is connected to the second reaction chamber (10), and a second partition (12) and a fin-shaped partition (11) are provided in the second reaction chamber (10), the fin-shaped partition (11) is perpendicular to the second partition (12) and is located on the upper and lower sides of the second partition (12), and a gas discharge pipe (13) is provided on the side wall of the second reaction chamber (10).

2. The ship ballast water treatment device based on micro-nano bubble characteristic technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The micro-nano bubble generator (1) is further provided with a clean water inlet (1.1) and an air inlet (1.2); the clean water inlet (1.1) is located at the upper end of the micro-nano bubble generator (1); and the air inlet (1.2) is provided on the side wall of the upper end of the micro-nano bubble generator (1).

3. The ship ballast water treatment device based on micro-nano bubble characteristic technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The expansion angle range of the variable diameter expansion tube (2) is 8° to 15°, the aspect ratio is 2 to 4, and the inner wall of the variable diameter expansion tube (2) is rough.

4. The ship ballast water treatment device based on micro-nano bubble characteristic technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The ultraviolet processor (3) is internally provided with a plurality of ultraviolet lamps and a protective sleeve located outside the ultraviolet lamps.

5. The ship ballast water treatment device based on micro-nano bubble characteristic technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A water inlet (5) is provided on one side wall of the first reaction chamber (17), and a ballast water outlet (15) is provided on the other side wall. The water-gas separator (4) is connected to the ultraviolet processor (3) via the water inlet (5).

6. The ship ballast water treatment device based on micro-nano bubble characteristic technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A drain outlet (16) is provided at the bottom of the first reaction chamber (17).

7. The ship ballast water treatment device based on micro-nano bubble characteristic technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first reaction chamber (18) is connected to the second reaction chamber (10) on one side via an inflow pipe (19), and on the other side via an outflow pipe (14).

8. The ship ballast water treatment device based on micro-nano bubble characteristic technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first partition plate (9) is provided with eight circular holes (8) evenly arranged along the circumference, and the second partition plate (12) is provided with a plurality of circular holes.

9. The ship ballast water treatment device based on micro-nano bubble characteristic technology according to claim 6, characterized in that: The ballast water outlet (15) is located below the first partition (9).

10. The ship ballast water treatment device based on micro-nano bubble characteristic technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas discharge pipe (13) is located above the second partition plate (12).

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