Vibration soil bin test device for excavating machinery

Abstract

The invention relates to a vibration soil bin testing device for excavating machinery. The vibration soil bin testing device comprises a soil bin, a moving platform installed on the soil bin and a lead screw driving mechanism installed on the soil bin. The front area of the soil groove is set as a soil area; the moving platform comprises a moving frame; the movable frame is provided with an excavating mechanism; the moving end of the lead screw driving mechanism is connected with the moving frame through a tension sensor. The lead screw driving mechanism is used for driving the moving platform to move front and back, and then the excavating mechanism is driven to excavate soil in a soil area. The tension sensor is used for feeding back excavation resistance in the excavation process. The invention provides a vibration soil tank test device for excavating machinery, which can effectively simulate the excavating process, can perform excavating resistance tests under various parameters, and is good in repeatability. The whole structure is simple, operation is convenient, work is stable, and detection data is reliable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a vibration soil trough test device for excavating machinery. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous advancement of agricultural mechanization and intelligentization, excavators are increasingly used in the harvesting of root crops (such as cassava, sweet potatoes, and potatoes). To optimize the structural parameters of excavating components (such as shovels and plow bodies), improve crop harvesting efficiency, and reduce damage rates, there is an urgent need to simulate actual soil conditions in a laboratory environment and conduct systematic performance testing and comparative experiments. While traditional field tests can reflect the real-world operating environment, they are significantly affected by factors such as season, weather, and soil conditions, resulting in poor repeatability and difficulty meeting the stability and controllability requirements for structural design and improvement.

[0003] At present, although some soil trough test devices have been used to simulate the excavation process, they generally have problems such as simple structure, insufficient simulation accuracy, and limited adjustment functions. It is difficult to truly restore the physical and mechanical properties of field soil, which limits their application in the research and development of new excavation mechanisms.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a soil trough test device with reasonable structure, complete functions and high simulation accuracy to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a vibration soil trough test device for excavating machinery, which can effectively simulate the excavation process, can carry out excavation resistance tests under various parameters, and has good repeatability; the overall structure is simple, the operation is convenient, the operation is stable, and the detection data is reliable.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: a vibration soil trough test device for excavating machinery, including a soil trough, a mobile platform installed on the soil trough, and a screw drive mechanism installed on the soil trough; the front area of ​​the soil trough is set as a soil area; the mobile platform includes a mobile frame; the mobile frame is equipped with an excavation mechanism; the mobile end of the screw drive mechanism is connected to the mobile frame through a tension sensor; the screw drive mechanism is used to drive the mobile platform to move back and forth, and then drive the excavation mechanism to excavate the soil placed in the soil area; the tension sensor is used to feedback the excavation resistance during the excavation process.

[0007] Furthermore, an image acquisition device is installed on the mobile frame above the excavation mechanism for collecting image data of the soil state during the excavation process; the test device also includes a laser ranging sensor for measuring the thickness of the soil placed in the soil area.

[0008] Furthermore, support pulleys are installed on the bottom sides of the four corners of the mobile frame; the support pulleys cooperate with the top ends of the side plates on the left and right sides of the soil trough; guide pulleys are also installed on the left and right sides of the bottom side of the mobile frame; the side plates on the left and right sides of the soil trough are also provided with guide slides in the front and rear directions in the area near the top; the guide pulleys cooperate with the guide slides to enable the mobile frame to have only the freedom of moving forward and backward.

[0009] Furthermore, the screw drive mechanism includes a screw drive mounting plate fixed on the soil trough, a screw slide rail transmission assembly installed on the screw drive mounting plate and in the front-to-back direction, a moving block assembled on the screw slide rail transmission assembly, and a screw drive motor installed on the screw drive mounting plate and used to drive the screw slide rail transmission assembly to move; the front end of the tension sensor is installed on the moving block, and the rear end of the tension sensor is installed on the moving frame; the moving block is used to move forward and backward under the action of the screw drive motor and the screw slide rail transmission assembly, thereby driving the moving frame to move forward and backward.

[0010] Furthermore, the excavation mechanism includes two excavation mounting plates fixed on the left and right sides of the mobile frame, an excavation mounting arm hinged on the corresponding excavation mounting plate, an excavation adjustment arm installed on the bottom side of the corresponding excavation mounting arm, and an excavation shovel assembly installed between the two excavation adjustment arms; the excavation shovel assembly includes an excavation shovel mounting plate and several excavation shovels fixed to the excavation shovel mounting plate; the excavation adjustment arm is used to adjust the excavation height of the excavation shovel, and is also used to cooperate with the excavation mounting arm to adjust the excavation angle of the excavation shovel; the excavation mechanism also includes a vibration mechanism; the vibration mechanism includes a vibration transmission shaft installed on the mobile frame, a vibration eccentric shaft fixed to both ends of the vibration transmission shaft and eccentrically installed; the vibration mechanism also includes a vibration transmission arm, one end of the vibration transmission arm is rotatably assembled on the vibration eccentric shaft, and the other end is hinged to the excavation mounting arm; the vibration mechanism also includes a vibration motor; the vibration motor is connected to the vibration transmission shaft through a chain sprocket transmission assembly.

[0011] Furthermore, the excavation adjustment arm includes an excavation height adjustment plate fixed to the excavation shovel assembly and an excavation adjustment plate installed on the bottom side of the excavation mounting arm; the excavation height adjustment plate slides with the excavation adjustment plate; the excavation adjustment plate is provided with multiple excavation height positioning holes along the length direction; the excavation adjustment plate is positioned and assembled with the excavation height positioning hole through the excavation height adjustment spring pin; multiple excavation height positioning holes are used to provide positioning and assembly at different heights; the excavation adjustment plate is hinged to the excavation mounting arm, and the excavation mounting arm is provided with multiple excavation angle positioning holes that are concentric with the hinge and distributed in a circular arc; the excavation adjustment plate is provided with an excavation angle adjustment hole in the area corresponding to the excavation angle positioning hole, and the excavation angle adjustment hole and the excavation angle positioning hole are positioned and assembled through the excavation angle adjustment pin; multiple excavation angle positioning holes are used to provide positioning and assembly at different angles.

[0012] Furthermore, the test device also includes a suppression mechanism; the suppression mechanism includes two suppression mounting frames fixed on the left and right sides of the mobile frame, suppression mounting arms hinged to the corresponding suppression mounting frames, and a suppression wheel installed between the two suppression mounting arms; the suppression mechanism also includes a suppression adjustment hydraulic cylinder; the two ends of the suppression adjustment hydraulic cylinder are respectively hinged to the suppression mounting frame and the suppression mounting arm, for adjusting the height of the suppression wheel.

[0013] Furthermore, the test device also includes a soil crushing mechanism; the soil crushing mechanism includes two soil crushing mounting arms fixed on the left and right sides of the mobile frame, a soil crushing roller installed between the two soil crushing mounting arms, and a soil crushing motor installed on the soil crushing mounting arms and used to drive the soil crushing roller to rotate; the soil crushing mounting arms include a soil crushing height adjustment plate installed with the soil crushing roller, and a soil crushing mounting plate fixed to the mobile frame; the soil crushing height adjustment plate slides in cooperation with the soil crushing mounting plate; the soil crushing mounting plate is provided with a plurality of soil crushing height positioning holes along the height direction; the soil crushing height adjustment plate is provided with a soil crushing height adjustment hole; the soil crushing height adjustment hole and the soil crushing height positioning hole are positioned by a soil crushing height adjustment pin; a plurality of soil crushing height positioning holes are used to provide positioning assemblies at different heights.

[0014] Furthermore, the test device also includes a sprinkler mechanism; the sprinkler mechanism includes a sprinkler mounting frame fixed to the left and right sides of the movable block, a sprinkler installed on the bottom side of the sprinkler mounting frame, and a sprinkler pump connected to the sprinkler through a hose; the movable block is used to drive the sprinkler to move back and forth; the sprinkler is used to sprinkle water on the soil placed in the soil area.

[0015] Furthermore, the test device also includes a drainage mechanism located on the bottom side of the soil trough and in the soil area; the drainage mechanism includes a drainage box; the top surface of the drainage box is used to support soil; the top side of the drainage box is also provided with a plurality of drainage filter holes; the side of the drainage box is also provided with a push-pull drainage baffle; a drainage space is provided in the drainage box below the drainage baffle; the side of the drainage box is also provided with a drainage pipe connected to the drainage space; the drainage pipe is also connected to a drainage pump.

[0016] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The vibration soil trough test device for excavating machinery of the present invention can effectively simulate the excavation process, can carry out excavation resistance tests under various parameters, and has good repeatability; the overall structure is simple, the operation is convenient, the operation is stable, and the detection data is reliable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is a perspective schematic diagram of a vibration soil trough test device for an excavator according to an embodiment;

[0018] Figure 2A schematic perspective view of a soil trough of a vibration soil trough testing device for an excavator according to an embodiment;

[0019] Figure 3 A perspective schematic diagram of a mobile frame region structure of a vibration soil trough test device for an excavator according to an embodiment;

[0020] Figure 4 A schematic perspective view of a movable frame region structure of a vibration soil trough test device for an excavator according to an embodiment of the present invention from another angle;

[0021] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the screw drive mechanism area structure of a vibration soil trough test device for an excavator according to an embodiment;

[0022] Figure 6 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of an excavation mechanism of a vibration soil trough test device for an excavator according to an embodiment;

[0023] Figure 7 A perspective schematic diagram of an assembly of an excavation adjustment arm and an excavation shovel assembly of an excavation mechanism of a vibration soil trench testing device for an excavator according to an embodiment;

[0024] Figure 8 for Figure 6 A local enlarged schematic diagram of area A;

[0025] Figure 9 for Figure 7 A local enlarged schematic diagram of area B;

[0026] Figure 10 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of a suppression mechanism of a vibration soil trough test device for an excavator according to an embodiment;

[0027] Figure 11 A schematic perspective view of a soil crushing mechanism of a vibration soil trough test device for an excavator according to an embodiment;

[0028] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a drainage mechanism of a vibration soil trough test device for an excavator according to an embodiment;

[0029] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of a front view of a vibration soil trough test device for an excavator according to an embodiment;

[0030] Figure 14 for Figure 13 Schematic diagram of CC cross-section;

[0031] Among them, 1-soil trough, 2-mobile platform, 3-screw drive mechanism, 4-excavation mechanism, 5-tension sensor, 6-image acquisition device, 7-suppression mechanism, 8-soil crushing mechanism, 9-sprinkling mechanism, 10-drainage mechanism, 11-laser ranging sensor, 101-soil area, 102-guide slide, 201-moving frame, 202-support pulley, 203-guide pulley, 301-screw drive mounting plate, 302-screw slide rail transmission assembly, 303-moving block, 304-screw drive motor, 401-excavation mounting plate, 402-excavation mounting arm, 403-excavation adjustment arm, 404-excavation shovel assembly, 405-vibration mechanism, 4021-excavation angle positioning hole, 4022-excavation angle adjustment pin, 4031-excavation height adjustment plate, 4032-excavation adjustment plate, 4033-excavation height adjustment pin, 40321 - Excavation angle adjustment hole, 40322- Excavation height positioning hole, 4041- Excavation shovel mounting plate, 4042- Excavation shovel, 4051- Vibration drive shaft, 4052- Vibration eccentric shaft, 4053- Vibration drive arm, 4054- Vibration motor, 4055- Chain sprocket drive assembly, 701- Suppression mounting frame, 702- Suppression mounting arm, 703- Suppression wheel, 704- Suppression adjustment hydraulic cylinder, 801- Crusher Soil mounting arm, 802-soil crushing roller, 803-soil crushing motor, 8011-soil crushing height adjustment plate, 8012-soil crushing mounting plate, 8013-soil crushing height adjustment pin, 80121-soil crushing height positioning hole, 901-sprinkler mounting frame, 902-sprinkler, 903-sprinkler pump, 1001-drainage box, 1002-drainage baffle, 1003-drainage pipe, 1004-drainage pump, 10011-drainage filter hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to deepen the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The embodiments are only used to explain the present invention and do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] Example

[0034] Please refer to Figures 1 to 14 As shown, this embodiment provides a vibration soil trough test device for excavating machinery, including a soil trough 1, a mobile platform 2 installed on the soil trough 1, and a screw drive mechanism 3 installed on the soil trough 1; the front area of ​​the soil trough 1 is set as the soil area 101; the mobile platform 2 includes a mobile frame 201; the mobile frame 201 is installed with an excavation mechanism 4; the mobile end of the screw drive mechanism 3 is connected to the mobile frame 201 through a tension sensor 5; the screw drive mechanism 3 is used to drive the mobile platform 2 to move back and forth, and then drive the excavation mechanism 4 to excavate the soil placed in the soil area 101; the tension sensor 5 is used to feedback the excavation resistance during the excavation process.

[0035] Please refer to Figure 3 As shown, an image acquisition device 6 is also mounted on the mobile frame 201 above the excavation mechanism 4 to collect image data of soil conditions during the excavation process. In this embodiment, the image acquisition device 6 employs a high-speed camera, which can capture detailed changes in soil rupture, slippage, and flow during excavation, accurately observing and recording dynamic behavior during excavation. This facilitates research into the impact of factors such as the leading edge angle, attack angle, and speed of the excavator blade on soil disturbance patterns, providing detailed data support for subsequent analysis.

[0036] Please refer to Figure 5 As shown, the test device further includes a laser ranging sensor 11 for measuring the thickness of the soil placed in the soil area 101; the soil thickness is fed back and the soil thickness required for the test is adjusted accordingly.

[0037] Please refer to Figures 2 to 4 As shown, support pulleys 202 are installed on the bottom sides of the four corners of the mobile frame 201; the support pulleys 202 cooperate with the top ends of the left and right side panels of the soil trough 1; guide pulleys 203 are also installed on the left and right sides of the bottom side of the mobile frame; the left and right side panels of the soil trough 1 are also provided with front-to-back guide slideways 102 near the top; the guide pulleys 203 cooperate with the guide slideways 102 to ensure that the mobile frame 201 has only the degree of freedom of forward and backward movement. The design of the guide pulleys and guide slideways ensures that the mobile frame does not move up and down or left and right, allowing the mobile frame to move smoothly forward and backward.

[0038] Please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the screw drive mechanism 3 includes a screw drive mounting plate 301 fixed on the soil trough 1, a screw slide rail transmission assembly 302 installed on the screw drive mounting plate 301 and in the front-to-back direction, a moving block 303 assembled on the screw slide rail transmission assembly 302, and a screw drive motor 304 installed on the screw drive mounting plate 301 and used to drive the screw slide rail transmission assembly 302 to move; the front end of the tension sensor 5 is installed with the moving block 303, and the rear end of the tension sensor 5 is installed with the moving frame 201; the moving block 303 is used to move forward and backward under the action of the screw drive motor 304 and the screw slide rail transmission assembly 302, thereby driving the moving frame 201 to move forward and backward.

[0039] Please refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the excavation mechanism 4 includes two excavation mounting plates 401 fixed to the left and right sides of the mobile frame 201, an excavation mounting arm 402 hingedly connected to the corresponding excavation mounting plate 401, an excavation adjustment arm 403 installed on the bottom side of the corresponding excavation mounting arm 402, and an excavation shovel assembly 404 installed between the two excavation adjustment arms 403; the excavation shovel assembly 404 includes an excavation shovel mounting plate 4041 and a plurality of excavation shovels 4042 fixed to the excavation shovel mounting plate; the excavation adjustment arm 403 is used to adjust the excavation height of the excavation shovel 4042 and is also used to cooperate with the excavation mounting arm 402 to adjust the excavation angle of the excavation shovel 4042; the excavation mechanism 4 also includes a vibration mechanism 405; the vibration mechanism 405 includes a vibration transmission shaft 4051 installed on the mobile frame 201, a vibration transmission shaft fixed at both ends and An eccentrically mounted vibration eccentric shaft 4052; the vibration mechanism 405 also includes a vibration transmission arm 4053, one end of the vibration transmission arm 4053 is rotatably mounted on the vibration eccentric shaft 4052, and the other end is hinged to the excavation installation arm 402; the vibration mechanism 405 also includes a vibration motor 4054; the vibration motor 4054 is connected to the vibration transmission shaft 4051 through a chain sprocket transmission assembly 4055; the rotation of the vibration eccentric shaft will drive the vibration transmission arm to generate a certain amplitude of vibration, and then drive the excavation shovel assembly to vibrate through the excavation installation arm and the excavation adjustment arm; the vibration frequency of the excavation shovel assembly can be adjusted by adjusting the speed of the vibration motor, and the vibration amplitude of the excavation shovel assembly can be adjusted by replacing the vibration eccentric shaft with different eccentric distances; it can be used to study the influence of different vibration parameters on the excavation resistance of the excavation shovel.

[0040] Please refer to Figure 9 As shown, the excavation adjustment arm 403 includes an excavation height adjustment plate 4031 fixed to the excavation shovel assembly 404 and an excavation adjustment plate 4032 installed on the bottom side of the excavation mounting arm 402; the excavation height adjustment plate 4031 slides with the excavation adjustment plate 4032; the excavation adjustment plate 4032 is provided with a plurality of excavation height positioning holes 40322 along the length direction; the excavation adjustment plate 4032 is positioned and assembled with the excavation height positioning holes 40322 through the excavation height adjustment spring pin 4033; the plurality of excavation height positioning holes 40322 are used to provide positioning and assembly at different heights; in this embodiment, the height of the excavation shovel assembly can be quickly adjusted to meet the test requirements of different excavation heights.

[0041] Please refer to Figure 8As shown, the excavation adjustment plate 4032 is hinged to the excavation mounting arm 402, and the excavation mounting arm 402 is provided with a plurality of excavation angle positioning holes 4021 which are concentric with the hinge and distributed in a circular arc; the excavation adjustment plate 4032 is provided with an excavation angle adjustment hole 40321 in an area corresponding to the excavation angle positioning hole 4021, and the excavation angle adjustment hole 40321 and the excavation angle positioning hole 4021 are positioned and assembled by an excavation angle adjustment pin 4022; a plurality of excavation angle positioning holes 4021 are used to provide positioning and assembly at different angles; in this embodiment, the excavation angle of the excavating shovel assembly can be quickly adjusted to meet the test requirements of different excavation angles.

[0042] Please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 10 As shown, the test device also includes a suppression mechanism 7; the suppression mechanism 7 includes two suppression mounting frames 701 fixed on the left and right sides of the mobile frame 201, suppression mounting arms 702 hinged to the corresponding suppression mounting frames 701, and a suppression wheel 703 installed between the two suppression mounting arms 702; the suppression mechanism 7 also includes a suppression adjusting hydraulic cylinder 704; the two ends of the suppression adjusting hydraulic cylinder 704 are respectively hinged to the suppression mounting frames 701 and the suppression mounting arms 702, for adjusting the height of the suppression wheel 703; the design of the suppression mechanism can compact the soil according to actual test requirements, improve the soil structure and provide a stable foundation for subsequent tests.

[0043] Please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 11As shown, the test device also includes a soil crushing mechanism 8; the soil crushing mechanism 8 includes two soil crushing mounting arms 801 fixed to the left and right sides of the mobile frame 201, a soil crushing roller 802 installed between the two soil crushing mounting arms 801, and a soil crushing motor 803 installed on the soil crushing mounting arms 801 and used to drive the soil crushing roller 802 to rotate; the soil crushing mounting arms 801 include a soil crushing height adjustment plate 8011 installed with the soil crushing roller 802, and a soil crushing mounting plate 8012 fixed to the mobile frame 201; the soil crushing height adjustment plate 8011 is slidably engaged with the soil crushing mounting plate 8012; the soil crushing mounting plate 8012 is provided with a plurality of soil crushing height positioning holes 80121 along the height direction; The soil crushing height adjustment plate 8011 is provided with a soil crushing height adjustment hole; the soil crushing height adjustment hole and the soil crushing height positioning hole 80121 are positioned by a soil crushing height adjustment pin 8013; multiple soil crushing height positioning holes 80121 are used to provide positioning assemblies at different heights; in this embodiment, a groove for inserting the soil crushing height adjustment plate is opened in the soil crushing mounting plate; in addition, the soil crushing motor 803 is installed on the soil crushing height adjustment plate 8011; the soil crushing motor 803 can drive the rotation of the soil crushing roller through a gear set transmission assembly, and the soil crushing roller includes multiple rods arranged along the circumference, and each rod is evenly distributed with a number of teeth, which increases the strong soil crushing effect and improves the uniformity and sufficiency of the soil crushing.

[0044] Please refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the test apparatus also includes a sprinkler mechanism 9; the sprinkler mechanism 9 comprises sprinkler mounting frames 901 fixed to the left and right sides of the movable block 303, a sprinkler 902 mounted on the bottom side of the sprinkler mounting frames 901, and a sprinkler pump 903 connected to the sprinkler 902 via a hose. The movable block 303 is used to drive the sprinkler 902 to move back and forth; the sprinkler 902 is used to sprinkle water on the soil in the soil area 101. In this embodiment, the sprinkler follows the movable block's back and forth movement, watering the soil in the soil trough. The sprinkler can be used in conjunction with a soil moisture sensor to adjust the soil moisture to maintain a consistent moisture content.

[0045] Please refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 12As shown, the test device also includes a drainage mechanism 10 located at the bottom side of the soil trough 1 and in the soil area 101; the drainage mechanism 10 includes a drainage box 1001; the top surface of the drainage box 1001 is used to support soil; the top side of the drainage box 1001 is also provided with a plurality of drainage filter holes 10011; the side of the drainage box 1001 is also provided with a push-pull drainage baffle 1002; the drainage box 1001 is provided with a drainage space below the drainage baffle 1002; the side of the drainage box 1001 is also provided with a drainage pipe 1003 connected to the drainage space; the drainage pipe 1003 is also connected to a drainage pump 100 4. The drainage pipe has multiple branch pipes connected to the side of the drainage box 1001; the corresponding branch pipes are also provided with drainage control valves, which can be opened and closed according to the moisture conditions of the soil; when the drainage box is in use, a geotextile is laid on top of it, which, together with the drainage filter holes, can prevent soil from entering the drainage pipe and causing blockage; when the soil moisture is not higher than the set value, the drainage baffle is always in a state of being plugged into the drainage box and no longer drains water; when the soil moisture is higher than the set value, the drainage baffle can be pulled out, and the outlet on the side of the drainage box 1001 can be blocked with a sealing plug, and then the drainage pump can be used to drain the water, and the moisture in the soil is pumped out along the drainage pipe by the drainage pump.

[0046] The working process of the vibration soil trough test device for an excavator in this embodiment is as follows:

[0047] 1. Fix the soil trough in a suitable place, install the screw drive mechanism, sprinkler mechanism, and drainage mechanism on the soil trough; then install the laser rangefinder sensor, roughly install the excavation mechanism, soil crushing mechanism, and suppression mechanism on the mobile frame, and then install the mobile frame and the mechanisms installed on it as a whole on the soil trough, so that the support pulley is assembled on the top of the side plate of the soil trough, and the guide pulley is assembled in the guide chute of the soil trough; debug the mobile frame to ensure that the mobile frame can slide back and forth smoothly; during this process, the mobile frame is not connected to the screw drive mechanism;

[0048] 2. Add test soil to the soil area of ​​the soil trough, use the laser rangefinder to adjust the soil to the test thickness, start the screw drive motor and sprinkler pump, and the sprinkler moves back and forth with the moving block to sprinkle water on the soil. Adjust the soil moisture to the test conditions according to the soil moisture measurement sensor. After adjusting the soil moisture, turn off the screw drive motor and sprinkler pump;

[0049] 3. Connect the moving block to the moving frame with a tension sensor. Connect the tension sensor data line to the computer and adjust the height of the excavation assembly, crushing roller, and pressing wheel so that only the pressing wheel contacts the soil and the height of the excavation shovel assembly and crushing wheel are higher than the soil. Start the screw drive motor. The pressing wheel of the pressing mechanism moves back and forth with the moving frame to compact the soil. According to the feedback from the soil firmness meter, adjust the soil to the firm condition required for the test. After the compaction is completed, reset the moving frame, turn off the screw drive motor, start the compaction adjustment hydraulic cylinder, and adjust the pressing wheel to the highest position.

[0050] 4. Adjust the height of the excavating shovel assembly, soil crushing roller, and pressure wheel so that they are all higher than the soil height. Turn on the vibration motor to vibrate the excavating shovel assembly. Start the screw drive motor to drive the mobile frame to drive the excavating shovel assembly to complete the idle stroke. Through the collection and feedback of the tension sensor, the computer records the resistance of the idle stroke. After the measurement is completed, reset the mobile frame.

[0051] 5. Adjust the digging angle and digging height of the shovel assembly to achieve the required soil penetration angle and digging depth for the test. Start the screw drive motor, vibration motor, and high-speed camera to make the shovel assembly vibrate and dig the soil at the set speed according to the test requirements. Through the collection and feedback of the tension sensor, the computer records the resistance of the digging stroke, and the high-speed camera records the dynamic behavior of the digging process. Among them, the difference between the resistance of the digging stroke and the resistance of the idle stroke is the digging resistance of the shovel assembly to the soil during the digging stroke. After completing one test, reset the mobile frame.

[0052] 6. Adjust the height of the soil crushing roller to the set height, and adjust the height of the excavating shovel assembly and the pressing wheel to be higher than the soil; start the drainage mechanism to drain the water; start the screw drive motor and the soil crushing motor, the soil crushing roller begins to rotate, and the soil crushing roller follows the mobile frame to perform reciprocating soil crushing work to evenly break up the agglomerated soil; reset the mobile frame; then, adjust the corresponding parameters according to the test requirements and carry out the next soil excavation test.

[0053] The present embodiment provides a vibration soil trough test device for an excavator with complete functional settings and is easy to operate. The excavation depth and excavation angle of the excavator can be adjusted, and the influence of different vibration parameters on the excavation resistance can be studied. Various sensors are provided to detect soil thickness, humidity, etc., and a watering mechanism and a drainage mechanism are provided. The moisture content in the soil trough can be flexibly adjusted in conjunction with a soil moisture sensor. Different soil environments can be quickly simulated, and the movable frame, screw drive mechanism, etc. of the main structure of the test device can be flexibly disassembled when not in use. The overall structure is simple, the operation is convenient, the operation is stable, and the test data is reliable.

[0054] The above embodiments should not limit the present invention in any way, and any technical solutions obtained by equivalent replacement or equivalent conversion fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vibration soil trough test device for excavating machinery, characterized by: The invention comprises a soil trough (1), a mobile platform (2) installed on the soil trough (1), and a screw drive mechanism (3) installed on the soil trough (1); the front area of ​​the soil trough (1) is set as a soil area (101); the mobile platform (2) comprises a mobile frame (201); the mobile frame (201) is installed with an excavation mechanism (4); the mobile end of the screw drive mechanism (3) and the mobile frame (201) are connected via a tension sensor (5); the screw drive mechanism (3) is used to drive the mobile platform (2) to move forward and backward, thereby driving the excavation mechanism (4) to excavate the soil placed in the soil area (101); the tension sensor (5) is used to feedback the excavation resistance during the excavation process.

2. A vibration soil trough test device for an excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: An image acquisition device (6) is also installed on the mobile frame (201) above the excavation mechanism (4) for collecting image data of the soil state during the excavation process; the test device also includes a laser ranging sensor (11) for measuring the thickness of the soil placed in the soil area (101).

3. The vibration soil trough test device for an excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: Support pulleys (202) are also installed on the bottom sides of the four corners of the movable frame (201); the support pulleys (202) cooperate with the top ends of the side plates on the left and right sides of the soil trough (1); guide pulleys (203) are also installed on the left and right sides of the bottom side of the movable frame; the side plates on the left and right sides of the soil trough (1) are also provided with guide slideways (102) in the front and rear directions in the area near the top ends; the guide pulleys (203) cooperate with the guide slideways (102) to enable the movable frame (201) to have only the degree of freedom of front and rear movement.

4. The vibration soil trough test device for an excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screw drive mechanism (3) comprises a screw drive mounting plate (301) fixed on the soil trough (1), a screw slide rail transmission assembly (302) mounted on the screw drive mounting plate (301) and extending in a front-to-back direction, a moving block (303) assembled on the screw slide rail transmission assembly (302), and a screw drive motor (304) mounted on the screw drive mounting plate (301) and used to drive the screw slide rail transmission assembly (302) to move; the front end of the tension sensor (5) is mounted on the moving block (303), and the rear end of the tension sensor (5) is mounted on the moving frame (201); the moving block (303) is used to move forward and backward under the action of the screw drive motor (304) and the screw slide rail transmission assembly (302), thereby driving the moving frame (201) to move forward and backward.

5. A vibration soil trough test device for an excavator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The excavation mechanism (4) comprises two excavation mounting plates (401) fixed to the left and right sides of the mobile frame (201), an excavation mounting arm (402) hingedly connected to the corresponding excavation mounting plate (401), an excavation adjustment arm (403) mounted on the bottom side of the corresponding excavation mounting arm (402), and an excavation shovel assembly (404) mounted between the two excavation adjustment arms (403); the excavation shovel assembly (404) comprises an excavation shovel mounting plate (4041) and a plurality of excavation shovels (4042) fixed to the excavation shovel mounting plate; the excavation adjustment arm (403) is used to adjust the excavation height of the excavation shovel (4042) and is also used to cooperate with the excavation mounting arm (402) to adjust the excavation height of the excavation shovel (4042). The excavation mechanism (4) further comprises a vibration mechanism (405); the vibration mechanism (405) comprises a vibration transmission shaft (4051) mounted on the mobile frame (201), and a vibration eccentric shaft (4052) fixed to both ends of the vibration transmission shaft and eccentrically mounted; the vibration mechanism (405) further comprises a vibration transmission arm (4053), one end of the vibration transmission arm (4053) being rotatably mounted on the vibration eccentric shaft (4052), and the other end being hinged to the excavation mounting arm (402); the vibration mechanism (405) further comprises a vibration motor (4054); the vibration motor (4054) is connected to the vibration transmission shaft (4051) via a chain sprocket transmission assembly (4055).

6. The vibration soil trough test device for an excavator according to claim 5, characterized in that: The excavation adjustment arm (403) comprises an excavation height adjustment plate (4031) fixed to the excavation shovel assembly (404) and an excavation adjustment plate (4032) mounted on the bottom side of the excavation mounting arm (402); the excavation height adjustment plate (4031) and the excavation adjustment plate (4032) are slidably matched; the excavation adjustment plate (4032) is provided with a plurality of excavation height positioning holes (40322) along the length direction; the excavation adjustment plate (4032) is positioned and assembled with the excavation height positioning holes (40322) through an excavation height adjustment spring pin (4033); the plurality of excavation height positioning holes (40322) are used to provide different Positioning assembly at the same height; the excavation adjustment plate (4032) is hinged to the excavation mounting arm (402), and the excavation mounting arm (402) is provided with a plurality of excavation angle positioning holes (4021) that are concentric with the hinge and distributed in a circular arc; the excavation adjustment plate (4032) is provided with an excavation angle adjustment hole (40321) in an area corresponding to the excavation angle positioning hole (4021), and the excavation angle adjustment hole (40321) and the excavation angle positioning hole (4021) are positioned and assembled through an excavation angle adjustment pin (4022); the plurality of excavation angle positioning holes (4021) are used to provide positioning assembly at different angles.

7. The vibration soil trough test device for an excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test device also includes a suppression mechanism (7); the suppression mechanism (7) includes two suppression mounting frames (701) fixed to the left and right sides of the mobile frame (201), a suppression mounting arm (702) hinged to the corresponding suppression mounting frames (701), and a suppression wheel (703) installed between the two suppression mounting arms (702); the suppression mechanism (7) also includes a suppression adjustment hydraulic cylinder (704); the two ends of the suppression adjustment hydraulic cylinder (704) are respectively hinged to the suppression mounting frames (701) and the suppression mounting arms (702), and are used to adjust the height of the suppression wheel (703).

8. The vibration soil trough test device for an excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test device further comprises a soil crushing mechanism (8); the soil crushing mechanism (8) comprises two soil crushing mounting arms (801) fixed to the left and right sides of the mobile frame (201), a soil crushing roller (802) mounted between the two soil crushing mounting arms (801), and a soil crushing motor (803) mounted on the soil crushing mounting arms (801) and used for driving the soil crushing roller (802) to rotate; the soil crushing mounting arms (801) comprise a soil crushing height adjustment plate (8011) mounted on the soil crushing roller (802), a soil crushing mounting plate (8011) fixed to the mobile frame (201), and a soil crushing motor (803) mounted on the soil crushing mounting arms (801) and used for driving the soil crushing roller (802) to rotate. The soil crushing height adjustment plate (8011) is slidably matched with the soil crushing mounting plate (8012); the soil crushing mounting plate (8012) is provided with a plurality of soil crushing height positioning holes (80121) along the height direction; the soil crushing height adjustment plate (8011) is provided with a soil crushing height adjustment hole; the soil crushing height adjustment hole and the soil crushing height positioning hole (80121) are positioned and assembled by a soil crushing height adjustment pin (8013); the plurality of soil crushing height positioning holes (80121) are used to provide positioning and assembly at different heights.

9. The vibration soil trough test device for an excavator according to claim 4, characterized in that: The test device further comprises a watering mechanism (9); the watering mechanism (9) comprises a watering mounting frame (901) respectively fixed to the left and right sides of the moving block (303), a sprinkler (902) mounted on the bottom side of the watering mounting frame (901), and a watering pump (903) connected to the sprinkler (902) via a hose; the moving block (303) is used to drive the sprinkler (902) to move forward and backward; the sprinkler (902) is used to perform a watering operation on the soil placed in the soil area (101).

10. The vibration soil trough test device for an excavator according to claim 9, characterized in that: The test device further comprises a drainage mechanism (10) located at the bottom side of the soil trough (1) and in the soil area (101); the drainage mechanism (10) comprises a drainage box (1001); the top surface of the drainage box (1001) is used to support soil; a plurality of drainage filter holes (10011) are also provided on the top side of the drainage box (1001); a push-pull drainage baffle (1002) is also provided on the side of the drainage box (1001); a drainage space is provided in the drainage box (1001) below the drainage baffle (1002); a drainage pipe (1003) connected to the drainage space is also provided on the side of the drainage box (1001); and the drainage pipe (1003) is also connected to a drainage pump (1004).

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