Experimental hobbing cutter with cutter ring capable of being disassembled quickly and capable of rotating and switching between active mode and passive mode

Abstract

The invention discloses an experimental hobbing cutter with a cutter ring capable of being disassembled quickly and capable of rotating and switching actively and passively, and relates to the technical field of hobbing cutter testing. The device comprises a tool apron, a hobbing cutter and a cutter shaft, the hobbing cutter is arranged in the tool apron and rotationally connected with the tool apron through the cutter shaft, and a plurality of first threaded holes used for fixing the tool apron on a test bed are formed in the tool apron; the tool apron comprises a main tool apron body and an auxiliary tool apron body connected with the main tool apron body through a dovetail groove, a second threaded hole used for fixedly connecting the main tool apron body and the auxiliary tool apron body is formed in the side face of the auxiliary tool apron body, and a main tool apron bearing and an auxiliary tool apron bearing are arranged on the main tool apron body and the auxiliary tool apron body respectively and used for supporting operation of the hob. According to the experimental hobbing cutter with the cutter ring capable of being disassembled quickly and capable of being switched through active and passive rotation, through innovative structural design, quick replacement of the cutter ring and flexible switching of rotation modes are achieved, meanwhile, modular design is adopted, the adaptability and universality of the hobbing cutter are enhanced, and the application requirements of different test beds and different experiment requirements are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of hob testing, in particular to an experimental hob with a cutter ring that is quick-detachable and can switch between active and passive rotation. Background Art

[0002] Shield machines (TBMs) are critical equipment in modern tunnel construction. Their cutters are crucial for cutting and crushing rock during tunneling. To optimize cutter design and improve performance, conducting relevant experimental research is crucial. Experimental cutters are primarily used on test benches to conduct grinding, rock-breaking, and cutter sensing experiments. These tests verify the performance and rock-breaking effectiveness of cutter rings of different materials, as well as monitor various cutter parameters during operation. However, existing experimental cutters exhibit numerous deficiencies in practical application, necessitating improvement and optimization.

[0003] 1. The knife ring replacement process is complicated and time-consuming During grinding experiments, to verify the performance of cutter rings of different materials or shapes, researchers need to frequently replace them. Traditional experimental hobs typically use fixed cutter rings. Replacing cutter rings requires using specialized tools to individually remove the bolts or other fasteners that secure them. This is not only time-consuming but also increases operational complexity. Frequent cutter ring replacements can severely impact experimental efficiency and progress, especially when conducting multiple experiments.

[0004] 2. The rotation mode is inconvenient to switch The experimental hob needs to switch between active and passive rotation modes at different experimental stages. The active rotation mode is used for grinding experiments, in which the hob is driven to actively rotate and rub against the rock sample to verify the wear resistance of the cutter ring. The passive rotation mode is used for hob perception experiments and rock breaking experiments, in which sensors monitor parameters such as the hob's speed, vibration, load, and temperature under undriven conditions. However, existing experimental hobs usually require manual adjustment or replacement of components when switching rotation modes. The operation steps are cumbersome and time-consuming, and fast and convenient mode switching cannot be achieved, which limits the flexibility of the experiment and the continuity of data collection.

[0005] 3. The structural design lacks flexibility and versatility Traditional experimental hobs have a rigid structural design, lacking modularity and versatility. They are poorly adaptable to different test benches or experimental requirements, and their configuration cannot be flexibly adjusted. Furthermore, the internal cavity design of existing experimental hobs is typically designed to be compatible with specific test equipment, limiting their application and widespread adoption across different experimental platforms. These design limitations not only increase the difficulty of equipment maintenance and modification, but also restrict the scalability and applicability of experimental equipment.

[0006] 4. Complex maintenance and operation Traditional experimental hobs are complex to disassemble and assemble, requiring significant time and effort for routine maintenance. Furthermore, frequent disassembly and assembly can lead to wear and damage to hob components, reducing the equipment's lifespan and the reliability of the experiment. During the experiment, even the slightest operational error can compromise the accuracy of the results, ultimately impacting the optimization of the hob design and performance.

[0007] 5. Limited experimental data collection In hob sensing experiments, accurately acquiring data such as the hob's speed, vibration, load, and temperature is crucial for analyzing hob performance and optimizing its design. However, existing experimental hobs have numerous limitations in terms of sensor installation and data collection. The location and number of sensors installed are often limited by the hob's structural design, resulting in incomplete and inaccurate data collection, which in turn affects the validity and reliability of experimental results.

[0008] In response to the above problems, there is an urgent need for an experimental hob that can simplify the cutter ring replacement process, flexibly switch the rotation mode, and have good structural design and versatility. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an experimental roller cutter with a quick-detachable cutter ring and active and passive rotation switching, so as to meet the needs of different roller cutter experiments, and to be able to quickly replace the cutter ring and support convenient switching of the roller cutter between active rotation and passive rock breaking modes.

[0010] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a test hob with a quick-release cutter ring and active and passive rotation switchability, comprising a cutter holder, a hob, and a cutter shaft. The hob is disposed inside the cutter holder and is rotationally connected to the cutter holder via the cutter shaft. The cutter holder is provided with a plurality of first threaded holes for fixing the cutter holder on a test bench. The tool holder includes a main tool holder and a secondary tool holder connected to the main tool holder through a dovetail groove. The side of the secondary tool holder is provided with a second threaded hole for fixedly connecting the main tool holder and the secondary tool holder. The main tool holder and the secondary tool holder are respectively provided with a main tool holder bearing and a secondary tool holder bearing for supporting the operation of the hob.

[0011] Preferably, the hob includes a cutter hub rear support bearing, a cutter hub, a cutter hub front support bearing and an active and passive rotation switcher which are sequentially sleeved on the outside of the cutter shaft from left to right. The core of the cutter hub is provided with a circular groove which is convenient for cooperating and connecting with the cutter hub rear support bearing and the cutter hub front support bearing, and a cutter ring is sleeved on the outside of the cutter hub.

[0012] Preferably, several threaded holes are provided on the sides of the cutter hub and the active and passive rotation switcher, and the active and passive rotation switcher is fixedly connected to the cutter hub by bolts. Threaded holes are also provided in the circumferential direction of the active and passive rotation switcher, and the active and passive rotation switcher is connected to the cutter shaft by switching bolts.

[0013] Preferably, a wiring channel for leading out the sensor line is provided inside the cutter shaft, and a coupling interface is provided at the right end of the cutter shaft for connecting to the hydraulic motor on the test bench.

[0014] Preferably, the blade hub rear support bearing and the blade hub front support bearing are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the blade hub to form a double-sided bearing support structure.

[0015] Preferably, the order of the main tool holder and the auxiliary tool holder during the assembly process is adjustable, so as to change the orientation of the coupling interface, thereby adapting to the installation requirements of different test benches.

[0016] Preferably, the structure of the cutter ring is semi-annular, and a plurality of threaded holes are provided on the circumferential direction of the cutter hub and the cutter ring, and the cutter hub and the cutter ring are fixedly connected by bolts.

[0017] Beneficial effects of the present invention: (1) Quick replacement of the cutter ring: The half cutter ring design and quick-release structure make the cutter ring replacement process simple and quick, reducing the experimental preparation time and improving work efficiency; (2) Flexible rotation mode switching: By installing and removing the switching bolt, the cutter can be easily switched between active rotation and passive rock breaking modes, meeting the needs of different experimental stages and enhancing the applicability of the cutter; (3) Reasonable structure and easy operation: The overall design is compact and the structure is reasonable. The assembly and disassembly process is simple and does not require complicated tools to operate, which reduces the difficulty of use and maintenance costs; (4) Strong versatility: The inner cavity size of the hob is consistent with that of the traditional hob and is compatible with existing equipment, making it easy for users to upgrade and transform the existing experimental platform without having to replace the entire equipment.

[0018] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of an experimental hob with a cutter ring that can be quickly disassembled and switched between active and passive rotation; Figure 2 This is the exploded view of the knife holder; Figure 3 Hob cutter profile Figure 1 ; Figure 4 Hob cutter profile Figure 2 ; Figure 5 This is the exploded diagram of the hob; Figure 6 This is the horizontal exploded view of the hob; Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the tool shaft.

[0020] Among them, 1. Tool holder; 11. Auxiliary tool holder; 12. Auxiliary tool holder bearing; 13. Main tool holder bearing; 14. Main tool holder; 2. Hob; 21. Cutting ring; 22. Cutting hub; 23. Active and passive rotation switcher; 24. Cutting hub rear support bearing; 25. Cutting hub front support bearing; 26. Switching bolt; 3. Cutting shaft; 301. Wiring channel; 302. Coupling interface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the orientations or positional relationships in which the inventive product is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0022] In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "installed," and "connected" should be understood broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed, detachable, or integral connections; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0023] The following embodiments of the present invention are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0024] Example like Figure 1-7As shown, an experimental hob with a quick-release cutter ring and active and passive rotation switchability includes a cutter holder 1, a hob 2 and a cutter shaft 3. The hob 2 is arranged inside the cutter holder 1 and is rotatably connected to the cutter holder 1 through the cutter shaft 3. The cutter holder 1 is provided with a plurality of first threaded holes for fixing the cutter holder 1 on the test bench; the cutter holder 1 includes a main cutter holder 14 and a secondary cutter holder 11 connected to the main cutter holder 14 through a dovetail groove, and a second threaded hole is provided on the side of the secondary cutter holder 11 for fixedly connecting the main cutter holder 14 and the secondary cutter holder 11. The main cutter holder 14 and the secondary cutter holder 11 are respectively provided with a main cutter holder bearing 13 and a secondary cutter holder bearing 12 for supporting the operation of the hob 2.

[0025] The hob 2 includes a cutter hub rear support bearing 24, a cutter hub 22, a cutter hub front support bearing 25 and an active and passive rotation switcher 23, which are sequentially sleeved on the outside of the cutter shaft 3 from left to right. The core of the cutter hub 22 is provided with a circular groove that is convenient for cooperating and connecting with the cutter hub rear support bearing 24 and the cutter hub front support bearing 25. A cutter ring 21 is sleeved on the outside of the cutter hub 22.

[0026] Several threaded holes are provided on the sides of the cutter hub 22 and the active and passive rotation switcher 23. The active and passive rotation switcher 23 is fixedly connected to the cutter hub 22 by bolts. Threaded holes are also provided in the circumferential direction of the active and passive rotation switcher 23. The active and passive rotation switcher 23 is connected to the cutter shaft 3 by switching bolts 26.

[0027] A wiring channel 301 for leading out the sensor line is provided inside the cutter shaft 3, and a coupling interface 302 is provided at the right end of the cutter shaft 3 for connecting to the hydraulic motor on the test bench; the cutter hub rear support bearing 24 and the cutter hub front support bearing 25 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the cutter hub 22, forming a double-sided bearing support structure.

[0028] The order of the main tool seat 14 and the auxiliary tool seat 11 during the assembly process is adjustable, which is used to change the orientation of the coupling interface 302 to adapt to the installation requirements of different test benches; the structure of the cutter ring 21 is semi-annular, and the cutter hub 22 and the cutter ring 21 are provided with a number of threaded holes in the circumferential direction. The cutter hub 22 and the cutter ring 21 are fixedly connected by bolts, and a pair of cutter hubs 22 and a pair of cutter rings 21 can be combined into a hob body by bolts.

[0029] Working principle: The experimental hob assembly process: First, install the main toolholder bearing 13 into the main toolholder 14. Then, install the cutter shaft 3, the rear support bearing 24 of the cutter hub, the cutter hub 22, the cutter ring 21, the cutter hub 22, the cutter ring 21, and the front support bearing 25 of the cutter hub in sequence. Then, install the active and passive rotation switcher 23 and the secondary toolholder bearing 12. The active and passive rotation switcher 23 is fixedly connected to the cutter hub 22 with bolts. Finally, install the secondary toolholder 11. In actual operation, the assembly order of the main toolholder 14 and the secondary toolholder 11 can be adjusted as needed to change the orientation of the coupling interface 302.

[0030] Quick release of the cutter ring: In experiments such as friction experiments and hob perception experiments, when it is necessary to replace the cutter ring 21 of different materials or shapes, as well as in experiments requiring operation on the inner cavity of the hob 2, since the cutter ring 21 of the present invention is designed as a half-cutter ring and the inner cavity size of the hob is the same as that of the traditional hob, the user only needs to remove the cutter ring 21 separately to quickly complete the replacement of the cutter ring 21 or operate on the inner cavity of the hob 2. Compared with traditional experimental hobs, this greatly simplifies the operation process and saves time.

[0031] Active and passive rotation switching: During the experimental stage, the rotation mode of the cutter 2 is switched according to different experimental requirements. In the friction experiment, it is necessary to actively drive the cutter 2 to realize the wear test of the cutter ring 21 on a short length rock sample. At this time, the active and passive rotation switcher 23 needs to be connected to the cutter shaft 3 through the switching bolt 26, so that the cutter body, the active and passive rotation switcher 23 and the cutter shaft 3 form a whole. Under the action of the test bench and the coupling, the cutter 2 realizes active rotation. In the cutter perception experiment, it is necessary to test the speed, vibration and other data without impact interference; in addition, it is also necessary to simulate the speed and vibration measurement during the rock breaking process. By removing the switching bolt 26, the cutter body, the active and passive rotation switcher 23 and the cutter shaft 3 are separated, the test bench no longer inputs torque, the cutter shaft 3 is fixed, and the cutter 2 passively rotates during the rock breaking process.

[0032] Therefore, the present invention adopts an experimental hob with the above-mentioned structure, which has a quick-release cutter ring and can switch between active and passive rotation. Through innovative structural design, it can realize rapid replacement of the cutter ring and flexible switching of rotation modes, thereby improving the convenience and efficiency of experimental operations. At the same time, it adopts a modular design to enhance the adaptability and versatility of the hob, meeting the application requirements of different test benches and different experimental needs.

[0033] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify or replace the technical solutions of the present invention with equivalents, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot cause the modified technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. An experimental hob with a quick-release cutter ring and active and passive rotation switchability, characterized by: The tool holder comprises a tool holder, a hob and a tool shaft, wherein the hob is arranged inside the tool holder and is rotatably connected to the tool holder via the tool shaft, and the tool holder is provided with a plurality of first threaded holes for fixing the tool holder on the test bench; The tool holder includes a main tool holder and a secondary tool holder connected to the main tool holder through a dovetail groove. The side of the secondary tool holder is provided with a second threaded hole for fixedly connecting the main tool holder and the secondary tool holder. The main tool holder and the secondary tool holder are respectively provided with a main tool holder bearing and a secondary tool holder bearing for supporting the operation of the hob.

2. The experimental hob with a quick-release cutter ring and active and passive rotation switchability according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hob includes a cutter hub rear support bearing, a cutter hub, a cutter hub front support bearing and an active and passive rotation switcher which are sequentially sleeved on the outside of the cutter shaft from left to right. The core of the cutter hub is provided with a circular groove which is convenient for cooperating and connecting with the cutter hub rear support bearing and the cutter hub front support bearing, and a cutter ring is sleeved on the outside of the cutter hub.

3. The experimental hob with a quick-release cutter ring and active and passive rotation switchability according to claim 2, characterized in that: Several threaded holes are provided on the sides of the cutter hub and the active and passive rotation switcher, and the active and passive rotation switcher is fixedly connected to the cutter hub by bolts. Threaded holes are also provided in the circumferential direction of the active and passive rotation switcher, and the active and passive rotation switcher is connected to the cutter shaft by switching bolts.

4. The experimental hob with a quick-release cutter ring and active and passive rotation switchability according to claim 3, characterized in that: A wiring channel for leading out the sensor line is provided inside the cutter shaft, and a coupling interface is provided at the right end of the cutter shaft for connecting to the hydraulic motor on the test bench.

5. The experimental hob with a quick-release cutter ring and active and passive rotation switchability according to claim 4, characterized in that: The blade hub rear support bearing and the blade hub front support bearing are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the blade hub to form a double-sided bearing support structure.

6. The experimental hob with a quick-release cutter ring and active and passive rotation switchability according to claim 5, characterized in that: The order of the main tool holder and the auxiliary tool holder during the assembly process is adjustable, which is used to change the orientation of the coupling interface, thereby adapting to the installation requirements of different test benches.

7. The experimental hob with a quick-release cutter ring and active and passive rotation switchability according to claim 6, characterized in that: The structure of the cutter ring is semi-annular, and a plurality of threaded holes are provided on the circumferential direction of the cutter hub and the cutter ring. The cutter hub and the cutter ring are fixedly connected by bolts.

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