Multi-dimensional perception fused battery safety early warning system

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-dimensional perception fused battery safety early warning system, which is applied to an energy storage system and comprises a multi-dimensional perception unit, a main control unit and a communication transmission unit, wherein the multi-dimensional sensing unit is used for collecting battery state parameter data and comprises a data collecting and processing module in six dimensions of electricity, heat, force, sound, gas and light; the main control unit is used for judging a risk state and making response linkage in combination with the received battery state parameter data; and the communication transmission unit is used for data transmission of the multi-dimensional sensing unit and the main control unit. According to the invention, through a multi-level multi-dimensional sensing technology, key characteristic parameters of a safety state are identified and extracted, various multi-physical field coupling models can be constructed, the sensitivity and reliability of an alarm system are effectively improved, rapid judgment and early warning of an abnormal state of a battery can be realized, and the false alarm rate is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of battery safety warning technology, and in particular to a battery safety warning system with multi-dimensional perception fusion. Background Art

[0002] With the booming new energy electric vehicle and energy storage industries, the large-scale use of batteries has also brought with it the potential for chemical instability. Battery thermal runaway has led to major safety incidents, including accidents in vehicles and fires in energy storage substations. Ensuring battery safety and providing early warning of thermal runaway and other safety issues have become key concerns and challenges.

[0003] Existing early warning methods for battery thermal runaway primarily rely on temperature, voltage, and gas or smoke detection. However, these methods often suffer from issues such as delayed warnings or false alarms, which can lead to firefighters failing to rescue the battery or causing damage to the battery due to malfunctioning firefighters. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the current problems of insufficient lead time for battery warnings or insufficient dimensions of warning signals leading to false alarms, the purpose of the present invention is to propose a battery safety warning system with multi-dimensional perception fusion, thereby realizing intelligent monitoring and analysis, rapid judgment of abnormal conditions and graded warning alarms.

[0005] To achieve the purpose of the present invention, the technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A multi-dimensional sensing fusion battery safety early warning system, which is applied to an energy storage system and includes a multi-dimensional sensing unit, a main control unit, and a communication transmission unit;

[0007] The multi-dimensional sensing unit is used to collect battery status parameter data, including data collection and processing modules in six dimensions: electricity, heat, force, sound, gas, and light;

[0008] The main control unit is used to determine the risk status and make a response linkage based on the received battery status parameter data;

[0009] The communication transmission unit is used for data transmission between the multi-dimensional sensing unit and the main control unit.

[0010] Among them, the data acquisition and processing module of the electrical dimension includes at least a voltage sensor and a current sensor; the voltage sensor is used to detect the voltage signal of each battery cell in the battery module, and the current sensor detects the battery cluster current signal outside the battery module. The voltage signal and current signal are uploaded to the BMS, and the BMS then interacts with the EMS through Ethernet, and the EMS interacts with the fire host through the CAN line.

[0011] Among them, the data acquisition and processing module of the thermal dimension includes at least a temperature sensor; the temperature sensor includes a temperature sensor inside the battery module for detecting the temperature of the battery cells and a temperature sensor outside the battery module for detecting the temperature of key components of the PACK and the ambient temperature.

[0012] Among them, the data acquisition and processing module of Force Dimension includes a pressure sensor, a pressure collector and a pressure warning server installed between the module cells to detect the expansion pressure between the module cells in real time; the pressure warning server interacts with the station-level EMS and BMS for operating condition data through Ethernet, combines the pressure between the cells and the BMS operating condition data for fusion calculation and fault diagnosis analysis, and sends the identified third-level fault warning signal to the EMS for the next step of linkage disposal.

[0013] Wherein, the pressure sensor adopts a multi-point thin film sensor.

[0014] Among them, the data acquisition and processing module of the sound dimension includes a sound detection and positioning sensor, a cluster-level data collector and a safety warning intelligent body; the sound detection and positioning sensor is wall-mounted outside the battery module to detect the characteristic sound of the internal safety valve opening when the battery cell fails, and promptly locate the position of the faulty battery cell and transmit a warning signal; the cluster-level data collector summarizes the signals collected by each sound detection and positioning sensor and reports them to the safety warning intelligent body through the Ethernet line; the safety warning intelligent body communicates with the EMS through the Ethernet line, and the EMS then interacts with the fire host.

[0015] Among them, the data acquisition and processing module of the gas dimension includes a gas composition sensor and a gas pressure sensor; the gas composition sensor includes a gas composition sensor for detecting the gas inside the battery module and a gas composition sensor for detecting the gas outside the battery module.

[0016] Among them, the data acquisition and processing module of Qiwei includes an explosion-proof composite fire detection device configured in the battery module. It realizes real-time detection of various conditions of battery thermal runaway through multi-point and multi-parameter monitoring, automatically makes no less than three-level hazard level judgments and outputs Can signals to the relay module. The relay module receives the alarm information and uploads the Can signal to the fire host.

[0017] It also includes cluster-level composite combustible gas detectors and multiple cabin-level point-type smoke detectors configured outside the battery module, which work with the sensors inside the battery module to achieve multi-level and multi-dimensional early warning at the battery module-cluster level-cabin level.

[0018] Among them, the data acquisition and processing module of the light dimension includes an optical sensor installed in the energy storage cabin.

[0019] Wherein, the main control unit includes a fire host, BMS and EMS;

[0020] The BMS estimates the state of charge of the battery energy storage system and interacts with the multi-dimensional sensing unit. When the battery data is determined to be abnormal, it issues a fault alarm and uploads the battery data and warning information to the EMS.

[0021] The EMS communicates in real time with the pressure warning server, sound safety warning intelligent body, BMS, PCS control system, and power station monitoring system, and can control the PCS to promptly disconnect the energy storage cabinet circuit breaker and control the fire host / fire extinguishing and explosion suppression device to extinguish the fire;

[0022] The fire host communicates with the EMS in real time, and after analyzing and processing the signal weight and risk correlation, determines the risk status and responds in a linked manner; controls the sound and light alarms of the fire alarm device, and controls the fire fighting equipment to implement linked fire extinguishing.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] In response to the problems of untimely alarms and high false alarm rates in traditional alarm systems, the present invention designs a multi-dimensional perception fusion warning method that integrates electricity, heat, force, sound, gas and light. Through multi-level and multi-dimensional sensing technology, key characteristic parameters of the safety status can be identified and extracted, and various multi-physical field coupling models can be constructed to effectively improve the sensitivity and reliability of the alarm system. It can realize rapid judgment and early warning of abnormal battery status and reduce the false alarm rate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-dimensional sensing fusion battery safety early warning system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the pressure safety early warning system in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following is a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a battery safety warning system with multi-dimensional perception fusion, including a multi-dimensional perception unit, a main control unit, and a communication transmission unit;

[0029] The multi-dimensional sensing unit is used to collect battery status parameter data, including data collection and processing modules in six dimensions: electricity, heat, force, sound, gas, and light;

[0030] The main control unit is used to determine the risk status and make a response linkage based on the received battery status parameter data;

[0031] The communication transmission unit is used for data transmission between the multi-dimensional sensing unit and the main control unit.

[0032] It should be noted that the system is applied to an energy storage system, which includes a plurality of battery clusters, each battery cluster includes a plurality of battery modules, and each battery module includes a plurality of single cells.

[0033] In a specific embodiment, the list of sensors involved in the six-dimensional data acquisition and processing module is shown in Table 1.

[0034] Table 1

[0035]

[0036]

[0037] In the specific embodiment, the specific structure of the multi-dimensional perception unit is given as follows:

[0038] (1) The electrical dimension data acquisition and processing module includes at least a voltage sensor and a current sensor. The voltage sensor is used to detect the voltage of each battery cell string within the battery module. The current sensor is used to detect the battery cluster current outside the battery module. As shown in Table 1, the multi-dimensional and multi-level sensors inside and outside the battery module upload the collected multi-physical quantity signals such as voltage, current, or resistance to the battery management system (BMS) via isoSPI or CAN lines. The BMS then interacts with the EMS via Ethernet, and the EMS interacts with the fire host via CAN lines.

[0039] (2) The data acquisition and processing module of the thermal dimension includes at least a temperature sensor. The temperature sensor includes a sensor for detecting the temperature of the battery cells inside the battery module, and a sensor for detecting the temperature of key components of the PACK and the ambient temperature outside the battery module.

[0040] (3) The data acquisition and processing module of the force dimension mainly refers to the pressure safety warning system. The pressure safety warning system includes a pressure sensor installed between the module cells to detect the expansion pressure between the module cells in real time, a pressure collector, and a pressure warning server.

[0041] The pressure warning server exchanges operating condition data with the station-level EMS energy management system and BMS via Ethernet, performs fusion calculation and fault diagnosis analysis based on the pressure between battery cells and BMS operating condition data, and sends the warning signals of the identified three-level faults (communication safety & structural safety, intrinsic safety, and thermal runaway safety) to the EMS for the next step of linkage processing, as shown in Table 2.

[0042] Table 2

[0043]

[0044] Among them, the pressure sensor uses a multi-point thin-film sensor with flexible tactile sensing technology, which can break through the key technical problems of poor compatibility between traditional pressure sensors and batteries and difficulty in obtaining the in-situ expansion force distribution of batteries, and realize real-time acquisition of the in-situ expansion force distribution of a large area of ​​the battery.

[0045] like Figure 2 As shown, the pressure sensor data is collected in real time by the BXV3.2 collector, and the protocol converter CTE10 aggregates all pressure data in the cluster through the 485 bus, and then sends the data to the BS100 pressure warning server (BSS algorithm board) through Ethernet.

[0046] Specifically, the module pressure signals collected by multi-point thin-film sensors are aggregated and uploaded to the cluster-level protocol converter CTE10 via the BSS collector. The CTE10 protocol converter converts the CAN / 485 bus protocol output by the collector into Ethernet protocol and transmits the data to the pressure warning server (BSS algorithm board). The pressure warning server interacts with the EMS and BMS via Ethernet for operating condition data exchange, fusion calculations, and fault diagnosis and analysis, and sends the identified warning signals to the EMS for further coordinated processing. The EMS interacts with the BMS and PCS via Ethernet and with the fire host via CAN lines.

[0047] (4) The data acquisition and processing module of the sound dimension mainly refers to the sound detection and positioning system. The sound detection and positioning system includes a sound detection and positioning sensor (such as a microphone), a data collector and a safety warning intelligent body. Among them, the sound detection and positioning sensor is wall-mounted outside the battery module to detect the characteristic sound of the internal safety valve opening when the battery cell fails, and promptly locates the position of the faulty battery cell and transmits an early warning signal. The cluster-level data collector summarizes the sensor data of each module and communicates with the safety warning intelligent body through an Ethernet cable. The intelligent body has functions such as alarm display and data storage, and can be linked with the EMS through an Ethernet cable to cut off the charging and discharging of the faulty battery cell module, thereby preventing thermal runaway, avoiding fire accidents, and ensuring the safety of the energy storage system.

[0048] As shown in Table 1, the cluster-level data collector aggregates the signals collected by the sound detection and positioning sensors in each module and reports them to the safety warning agent via Ethernet. The safety warning agent can communicate with the EMS via Ethernet, and the EMS then interacts with the fire host.

[0049] (5) Gas dimension data acquisition and processing module, including gas composition sensor, gas pressure sensor, etc. The gas composition sensor includes both gas sensors inside the battery module and gas sensors outside the battery module.

[0050] Specifically, an explosion-proof composite fire detection device (four-in-one, including carbon monoxide (CO), volatile organic compounds (VOC), smoke, and temperature sensors) is installed within the battery module. Through multi-point, multi-parameter monitoring, it enables real-time detection of various battery thermal runaway conditions. It automatically determines the hazard level in at least three levels and outputs a Can signal to the relay module. The relay module then receives the alarm information and transmits the Can signal to the fire control host. The three-level warning system for gas sensors is shown in Table 3.

[0051] Cluster-level composite combustible gas detectors (hydrogen, CO, VOC, smoke, and temperature five-in-one) and multiple cabin-level point-type smoke fire detectors are configured outside the battery module. Combined with the gas sensors inside the module, multi-level and multi-dimensional early warnings at the module-cluster-cabin levels are achieved.

[0052] Table 3

[0053]

[0054] (6) Optical dimension data acquisition and processing module, mainly refers to optical sensors, such as video surveillance cameras. Specifically, a video surveillance camera with dual-lens infrared thermal imaging and high-definition visible light is installed in the energy storage cabin, which can get rid of the dependence on light sources and achieve 24 / 7 online monitoring.

[0055] In a specific embodiment, the main control system mainly refers to the fire host, BMS and EMS.

[0056] The BMS battery management system collects battery cell voltage and temperature with high precision and high reliability, and makes a high-precision estimate of the state of charge (SOC) of the battery energy storage system. At the same time, it interacts with electrical / thermal / force and other dimensional sensors, issues a fault alarm when the battery data is determined to be abnormal, and uploads data such as voltage, temperature, SOC and warning information to the EMS energy management system.

[0057] The EMS energy management system communicates in real time with the pressure warning server, sound safety warning intelligent body, BMS, PCS control system, power station monitoring system, etc., and can control the PCS to promptly disconnect the energy storage cabinet circuit breaker and control the fire host / fire extinguishing and explosion suppression device to extinguish the fire, preventing abnormalities such as thermal runaway.

[0058] The fire host adopts multi-CPU parallel processing, programmable logic devices, CAN network, intelligent digital bus and other technologies to communicate with EMS and other equipment in real time, collect multi-parameter characteristic parameters and early warning signals such as smoke, temperature, CO, hydrogen, etc. Based on the AHP-DEMATEL method, combined with signal weight and risk correlation analysis and processing, it determines the risk status and responds in a linked manner: controlling the sound and light alarm of the fire alarm device, controlling related fire equipment to implement linked fire extinguishing, etc.

[0059] The communication transmission system includes network connections such as CAN and Ethernet, switches, and intelligent gateways. The intelligent gateway enables full data upload to the cloud-side data center, supports cloud-edge collaboration, and, relying on cloud-edge collaborative data interaction, establishes a cloud-side data storage, analysis, prediction, and decision-making mechanism based on data fusion, data mining, and deep learning, enabling cloud-edge collaborative early warning and alarming. It also supports rapid edge-side data preprocessing, calculation, and analysis, as well as transmission data compression, reducing cloud-edge data transmission latency, alleviating the burden on cloud servers, and improving data processing efficiency.

[0060] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely examples and illustrations of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention to the described embodiments. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments and that various variations and modifications may be made based on the teachings of the present invention, all of which fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-dimensional perception fusion battery safety early warning system, characterized by: The system is applied to an energy storage system and includes a multi-dimensional sensing unit, a main control unit, and a communication transmission unit; The multi-dimensional sensing unit is used to collect battery status parameter data, including data collection and processing modules in six dimensions: electricity, heat, force, sound, gas, and light; The main control unit is used to determine the risk status and make a response linkage based on the received battery status parameter data; The communication transmission unit is used for data transmission between the multi-dimensional sensing unit and the main control unit.

2. The multi-dimensional sensing fusion battery safety early warning system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The data acquisition and processing module of the electrical dimension includes at least a voltage sensor and a current sensor; the voltage sensor is used to detect the voltage signal of each battery cell in the battery module, and the current sensor detects the current signal of the battery cluster outside the battery module. The voltage signal and current signal are uploaded to the BMS, and the BMS then interacts with the EMS via Ethernet, and the EMS interacts with the fire host via the CAN line.

3. The multi-dimensional sensing fusion battery safety early warning system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The data acquisition and processing module of the thermal dimension includes at least a temperature sensor; the temperature sensor includes a temperature sensor inside the battery module for detecting the temperature of the battery cells and a temperature sensor outside the battery module for detecting the temperature of key components of the PACK and the ambient temperature.

4. The multi-dimensional sensing fusion battery safety early warning system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The data acquisition and processing module of Force Dimension includes a pressure sensor, a pressure collector and a pressure warning server installed between the module cells to detect the expansion pressure between the module cells in real time; the pressure warning server interacts with the station-level EMS and BMS for operating condition data through Ethernet, combines the pressure between the cells and the BMS operating condition data for fusion calculation and fault diagnosis analysis, and sends the identified third-level fault warning signal to the EMS for the next step of linkage disposal.

5. The multi-dimensional sensing fusion battery safety early warning system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The pressure sensor adopts a multi-point thin film sensor.

6. The multi-dimensional sensing fusion battery safety early warning system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The acoustic data acquisition and processing module includes a sound detection and positioning sensor, a cluster-level data collector, and a safety warning intelligent agent. The sound detection and positioning sensor is wall-mounted outside the battery module to detect the characteristic sound of the internal safety valve opening when a battery cell fails, locate the faulty battery cell in a timely manner, and transmit a warning signal. The cluster-level data collector aggregates the signals collected by each sound detection and positioning sensor and reports them to the security warning agent via the Ethernet line; The safety warning intelligent body communicates with the EMS via an Ethernet line, and the EMS then interacts with the fire host.

7. The multi-dimensional sensing fusion battery safety early warning system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The data acquisition and processing module of the gas dimension includes a gas composition sensor and a gas pressure sensor; the gas composition sensor includes a gas composition sensor for detecting the gas inside the battery module and a gas composition sensor for detecting the gas outside the battery module.

8. The multi-dimensional sensing fusion battery safety early warning system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The data acquisition and processing module of Qiwei Dimension includes an explosion-proof composite fire detection device configured in the battery module. It realizes real-time detection of various conditions of battery thermal runaway through multi-point and multi-parameter monitoring, automatically determines the danger level of no less than three levels and outputs the Can signal to the relay module. The relay module receives the alarm information and uploads the Can signal to the fire host. It also includes cluster-level composite combustible gas detectors and multiple cabin-level point-type smoke detectors configured outside the battery module, which work with the sensors inside the battery module to achieve multi-level and multi-dimensional early warning at the battery module-cluster level-cabin level.

9. The multi-dimensional sensing fusion battery safety early warning system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The optical dimension data acquisition and processing module includes an optical sensor installed in the energy storage cabin.

10. The multi-dimensional sensing fusion battery safety early warning system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The main control unit includes a fire host, BMS and EMS; The BMS estimates the state of charge of the battery energy storage system and interacts with the multi-dimensional sensing unit. When the battery data is determined to be abnormal, it issues a fault alarm and uploads the battery data and warning information to the EMS. The EMS communicates in real time with the pressure warning server, sound safety warning intelligent body, BMS, PCS control system, and power station monitoring system, and can control the PCS to promptly disconnect the energy storage cabinet circuit breaker and control the fire host / fire extinguishing and explosion suppression device to extinguish the fire; The fire host communicates with the EMS in real time, and after analyzing and processing the signal weight and risk correlation, determines the risk status and responds in a linked manner; controls the sound and light alarms of the fire alarm device, and controls the fire fighting equipment to implement linked fire extinguishing.

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