Seismic wave detector coupling device and method suitable for shield tunnel segment

Abstract

The invention discloses a seismic wave detector coupling device and method suitable for a shield tunnel segment, and relates to the technical field of shield tunnel geological detection. The device comprises an auxiliary shell, an air exhaust valve, a detector structure and a sealing structure, the auxiliary shell is used for carrying a seismic wave detector body to be coupled with a duct piece, and the detector structure comprises the seismic wave detector body, a pressing screw and a pressure sensor. The pressing screw rotates to drive the seismic wave detector body to be close to the surface of a segment until the seismic wave detector body is attached to the surface of the segment, the pressure sensor is used for detecting the pressure of the pressing screw, the air exhaust valve is installed on the wall of the auxiliary shell, the auxiliary shell is sealed through the sealing structure, and therefore the cavity becomes a closed space. According to the invention, the coupling effect between the seismic wave detector and the duct piece can be improved, and high-precision and low-interference advanced geological exploration work is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of shield tunnel geological detection, and in particular to a seismic wave geophone coupling device and method suitable for shield tunnel segments. Background Art

[0002] The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] Shield tunnels traverse complex geological conditions, making advanced geological exploration crucial for safe construction. Using shield segments for seismic geological exploration offers advantages such as immunity to electromagnetic interference, high accuracy, and ease of operation. However, the coupling between the seismic detectors and the segments directly impacts the quality of seismic wave reception. Efficient coupling methods present the following three challenges: (1) When using the commonly used coupling agent gluing method, there is a risk of weakening the high-frequency seismic wave signal due to the flexible coupling.

[0004] (2) When direct rigid coupling is adopted by relying on the detector's own gravity, the coupling effect is difficult to guarantee due to the limitation of its own gravity and the inclined plane of the pipe segment surface.

[0005] (3) Since seismic waves are received on the surface of the segment, surface waves, as interference waves, will significantly affect the reception quality of body wave signals. Effective measures need to be taken to reduce surface wave interference. Based on the above three problems, it is necessary to propose an effective shield tunnel segment surface detector coupling device and method to ensure the detection accuracy of the detector. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a seismic wave detector coupling device and method suitable for shield tunnel segments, which can improve the coupling effect between the seismic wave detector and the segment and realize high-precision, low-interference advanced geological exploration.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: The first aspect of the present invention provides a seismic wave detector coupling device suitable for shield tunnel segments, including an auxiliary shell, an exhaust valve, a detector structure and a sealing structure. The auxiliary shell is used to carry the seismic wave detector body and couple it with the segment. The auxiliary shell contains a cavity, and the cavity is used to accommodate the detector structure. The detector structure includes the seismic wave detector body, a downward pressure screw and a pressure sensor. The downward pressure screw drives the seismic wave detector body to approach the surface of the segment until it fits. The pressure sensor is used to detect the pressure of the downward pressure screw. The exhaust valve is installed on the wall of the auxiliary shell, and is used to extract the gas in the cavity to form a negative pressure environment in the cavity. The auxiliary shell is sealed by the sealing structure, so that the cavity becomes a closed space.

[0008] Furthermore, the auxiliary shell is cylindrical and made of metal material.

[0009] Furthermore, the air extraction valve is installed on the upper surface of the auxiliary shell and is driven by a driving motor.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes a driving motor, which is installed on the upper surface of the auxiliary shell and is used to drive the downward pressing screw and the air extraction valve.

[0011] Furthermore, the seismic wave detector body is used to receive seismic wave signals, has a cylindrical appearance, is smaller in size than the auxiliary housing, and adopts wireless transmission.

[0012] Furthermore, an active source is used to excite a predetermined seismic wave excitation position, and a seismic wave detector receives the seismic wave signal.

[0013] Furthermore, one end of the pressing screw is connected to the seismic wave detector body, and the other end extends out of the upper surface of the auxiliary shell, and is driven to rotate by the driving motor to drive the seismic wave detector body to descend.

[0014] Furthermore, the pressure sensor is installed at the connection between the pressing screw and the top surface of the seismic wave detector body.

[0015] Furthermore, the sealing structure includes a cushion rubber ring and a downward pressure screw sealing strip. The cushion rubber ring is fixed on the fitting surface between the auxiliary shell and the pipe segment surface. The downward pressure screw sealing strip is used to seal the gap between the downward pressure screw and the auxiliary shell, thereby realizing a sealed environment of the auxiliary shell cavity.

[0016] A second aspect of the present invention provides a seismic wave geophone coupling method applicable to shield tunnel segments, comprising the following steps: Determine a seismic wave excitation position and a seismic wave receiving position, place an excitation source at the seismic wave excitation position, and place a seismic wave detector device applicable to a shield tunnel segment as described in the first aspect at the seismic wave receiving position; The lower surface of the auxiliary shell is attached to the surface of the pipe segment, and the exhaust valve is controlled to exhaust air to form a negative pressure environment.

[0017] The downward pressure screw is controlled to rotate, driving the seismic wave detector body to descend and move toward the pipe segment until it reaches the set threshold of the pressure sensor; Use the seismic wave detector body to collect seismic wave data; After the acquisition work is completed, the downward pressure screw is controlled to rotate in the reverse direction, driving the seismic wave detector body to rise and move toward the principle pipe segment, controlling the drive valve to work in the reverse direction, and removing the seismic wave detector device.

[0018] One or more of the above technical solutions have the following beneficial effects: The present invention discloses a seismic wave detector coupling device and method suitable for shield tunnel segments. By disposing an auxiliary housing outside the seismic wave detector and using a downward pressure screw to control the upward and downward movement of the detector, the defect of the detector's limited gravity and insufficient fit during the descent process is overcome. A cushioning rubber ring is provided at the bottom of the auxiliary housing to perform a sealing function, ensuring that the negative pressure environment in the cavity is not destroyed. It also performs a vibration isolation function, that is, slowing down the vibration of the cylindrical metal cavity caused by the vibration of the segment. This part of the vibration will be transmitted through the downward pressure screw device and interfere with the detector's received signal. It also performs a filtering function, that is, effectively filtering out surface waves on the segment surface, making them less likely to be received by the detector, thereby improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the seismic data received by the detector. The present invention can improve the coupling effect between the seismic wave detector and the segment, and realize high-precision, low-interference advanced geological exploration.

[0019] Advantages of additional aspects of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The accompanying drawings, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0021] Figure 1 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a seismic wave geophone coupling device according to a first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the coupling position between the detector and the pipe segment according to the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the shield tunnel seismic wave detection mode according to the first embodiment of the present invention; Among them, 1. exhaust valve, 2. pressing screw sealing strip, 3. pressure sensor, 4. seismic wave detector body, 5. pressing screw, 6. driving motor, 7. auxiliary shell, 8. cushion rubber ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are exemplary and intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0023] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or their combinations; Example 1: The first embodiment of the present invention provides a seismic wave detector coupling device suitable for shield tunnel segments, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes an auxiliary shell 7, an exhaust valve 1, a drive motor 6, a detector structure and a sealing structure. The auxiliary shell 7 is used to carry the seismic wave detector body 4 and couple it with the pipe segment. The auxiliary shell 7 contains a cavity, and the cavity is used to accommodate the detector structure. The detector structure includes the seismic wave detector body 4, a pressing screw 5 and a pressure sensor 3. The pressing screw 5 drives the seismic wave detector body 4 to approach the surface of the pipe segment until it fits. The pressure sensor 3 is used to detect the pressure of the pressing screw 5. The exhaust valve 1 is installed on the wall of the auxiliary shell 7 and is used to extract the gas in the cavity to form a negative pressure environment in the cavity. The auxiliary shell is sealed by the sealing structure, so that the cavity becomes a closed space.

[0024] In a specific embodiment, the auxiliary housing 7 is cylindrical and made of metal. It has only an upper surface and side surfaces, but no lower surface, to facilitate the attachment of the geophone body to the pipe segment. A rubber cushion is provided at the lower edge of the side surface. The auxiliary housing 7 is 6 mm to 10 mm thick to provide sufficient rigidity, and its diameter and height are approximately 1.5 times greater than those of the geophone body 4 to ensure sufficient internal space.

[0025] The cylindrical metal auxiliary housing 7 serves as a basic physical carrier. Its advantage is that its circular cross-section is conducive to sealing. Its functions include forming the required closed space and serving as a carrier for other components.

[0026] In a specific embodiment, the exhaust valve 1 is mounted on the upper surface of the auxiliary housing 7 and is driven by a drive motor 6. The drive motor 6 is mounted on the upper surface of the auxiliary housing 7 and is connected to the controller, the downward screw 5 and the exhaust valve 1. The drive motor 6 is first used to drive the exhaust valve 1 to work, and secondly to drive the downward screw 5 to work. A belt is used as a transmission device when driving the downward screw 5 to work. The exhaust valve 1 is used to extract the gas in the cylindrical metal cavity to form a negative pressure environment in the cavity. Its function is that even if the bottom surface of the metal cavity is tightly adsorbed on the surface of the pipe segment, the negative pressure environment formed can effectively reduce surface wave interference; before starting data acquisition, the exhaust work is performed to form a negative pressure environment in the cavity. After the acquisition work is completed, the pressure is released and the original state is restored to facilitate the removal of the seismic wave detector coupling device.

[0027] In a specific embodiment, the seismic wave detector body 4 is used to receive seismic wave signals. It has a cylindrical shape and is smaller than the auxiliary housing. It uses wireless transmission. The seismic wave is excited at a predetermined seismic wave excitation position by an active source. The seismic wave detector 4 is installed on the pipe structure through the seismic wave detector coupling device of this embodiment to receive seismic wave signals. The positional relationship between the seismic wave detector and the pipe structure is as follows: Figure 2 shown.

[0028] One end of the pressing screw 5 is connected to the seismic wave detector body, and the other end extends out of the upper surface of the auxiliary housing 7. It is driven by the driving motor to rotate, thereby driving the seismic wave detector body to descend. One end of the pressing screw 5 is fixed to the top surface of the seismic wave detector body 4. Its own rotation will drive the detector to move toward the surface of the pipe segment, playing the role of making the detector and the pipe segment surface fit tightly. The pressure sensor 3 is installed at the connection between the pressing screw 5 and the top surface of the seismic wave detector body. When the pressing screw 5 rotates until the detector and the pipe segment surface fit tightly, the value of the pressure sensor 3 increases. When it increases to a predetermined threshold, the driving motor 6 stops working. Thereafter, if the pressure value of the pressure sensor 3 is lower than the threshold, the driving motor 6 will drive the exhaust valve 1 to work again, stabilize the negative pressure environment, and indirectly make the pressure sensor reach the threshold.

[0029] In a specific embodiment, the sealing structure includes a cushion rubber ring 8 and a pressing screw sealing strip 2 .

[0030] The cushioning rubber ring 8 is annular and is glued to the joint between the cylindrical metal auxiliary housing and the segment surface. It has a height of approximately 4mm to 6mm and exhibits significant elasticity and compressibility. The upper contact surface of the rubber ring is flat and adheres to the bottom (flat) surface of the cylindrical metal auxiliary housing to ensure sufficient bonding area. The lower contact surface is curved and adheres to the segment wall, providing good contact performance when the cylindrical metal auxiliary housing is pressed downward. Its primary function is sealing, ensuring that the negative pressure environment within the cavity is not disrupted. Second, it acts as a vibration isolation device, mitigating cavity vibration caused by segment vibration, which would be transmitted through the downward screw device and interfere with the detector's received signal. It also acts as a filter, effectively filtering out surface waves on the segment surface, making them less likely to be received by the detector, thereby improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the seismic data received by the detector.

[0031] The pressing screw sealing strip 2 is used to seal the gap between the pressing screw 5 and the auxiliary housing 7, thereby ensuring that the sealing environment of the cavity of the auxiliary housing 7 is not destroyed.

[0032] When conducting seismic wave geological exploration in a shield tunnel, the seismic wave detector coupling device of this embodiment is used as follows: In the shield tunneling geological forecast construction area, according to Figure 3 As shown, the seismic wave excitation position and the seismic wave receiving position are determined. Several seismic wave receiving positions are set on the left side wall and the right side wall. The excitation source is placed at the seismic wave excitation position, and the seismic wave detector device suitable for the shield tunnel segment of this embodiment is placed at the seismic wave receiving position to enhance the reception quality of the seismic wave.

[0033] A nut with a matching aperture is added to the top of the geophone body, connecting the pressure screw to the nut. A pressure sensor is then added between the pressure screw and the geophone. The other end of the pressure screw is threaded through a threaded hole at the top of the cylindrical metal cavity structure. The pressure screw is then connected to a drive motor attached to the surface of the cylindrical metal cavity using a belt.

[0034] Then, the lower surface of the auxiliary housing is attached to the surface of the pipe segment, and the air extraction valve is controlled to extract air to form a negative pressure environment. In this embodiment, the internal negative pressure environment reaches 0.1 MPa.

[0035] The drive motor, under control, drives the belt to rotate the pressure screw, driving the geophone body downward and toward the segment until the pressure reaches the threshold set by the pressure sensor and the geophone assembly is in contact with the segment wall. In this embodiment, the drive motor stops when the pressure sensor reaches the predetermined threshold of 8 MPa.

[0036] The active source is used to excite the predetermined seismic wave excitation position, and the seismic wave detector body is used to collect seismic wave data.

[0037] After the collection work is completed, the control drive motor starts working, the pressure screw rotates in the opposite direction, drives the seismic wave detector body to rise, and moves toward the principle pipe segment. The control drive valve works in the opposite direction to release the negative pressure environment, and the seismic wave detector device is removed to complete the shield tunnel geological exploration data collection work.

[0038] Example 2: A second embodiment of the present invention provides a seismic wave geophone coupling method applicable to shield tunnel segments, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Determine the seismic wave excitation position and the seismic wave receiving position, place an excitation source at the seismic wave excitation position, and place the seismic wave detector device suitable for shield tunnel segments described in Example 1 at the seismic wave receiving position.

[0039] Step 2: Attach the lower surface of the auxiliary shell to the surface of the pipe segment, control the exhaust valve to exhaust air, and form a negative pressure environment.

[0040] Step 3: Control the downward screw to rotate, driving the seismic wave detector body to descend and move toward the pipe segment until it reaches the set threshold of the pressure sensor.

[0041] Step 4: Use the seismic wave detector body to collect seismic wave data.

[0042] Step 5: After the acquisition work is completed, the downward pressure screw is controlled to rotate in the reverse direction, driving the seismic wave detector body to rise and move toward the original pipe segment, controlling the drive valve to work in the reverse direction, and removing the seismic wave detector device.

[0043] The steps involved in the above embodiment 2 correspond to those in embodiment 1. For the specific implementation method, please refer to the relevant description part of embodiment 1.

[0044] Although the above describes the specific embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the technical solution of the present invention without any creative work are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A seismic wave detector coupling device suitable for shield tunnel segments, characterized in that: It includes an auxiliary shell, an exhaust valve, a detector structure and a sealing structure. The auxiliary shell is used to carry the seismic wave detector body and couple it with the pipe segment. The auxiliary shell contains a cavity, and the cavity is used to accommodate the detector structure. The detector structure includes the seismic wave detector body, a downward pressure screw and a pressure sensor. The downward pressure screw drives the seismic wave detector body to approach the surface of the pipe segment until it fits. The pressure sensor is used to detect the pressure of the downward pressure screw. The exhaust valve is installed on the wall of the auxiliary shell and is used to extract the gas in the cavity to form a negative pressure environment in the cavity. The auxiliary shell is sealed by using the sealing structure to make the cavity a closed space.

2. The seismic wave geophone coupling device suitable for shield tunnel segments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary shell is cylindrical and made of metal material.

3. The seismic wave geophone coupling device for shield tunnel segments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air extraction valve is mounted on the upper surface of the auxiliary housing and is driven by a driving motor.

4. The seismic wave detector coupling device for shield tunnel segments according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a driving motor, which is installed on the upper surface of the auxiliary shell and is used to drive the pressing screw and the air extraction valve.

5. The seismic wave geophone coupling device suitable for shield tunnel segments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seismic wave detector body is used to receive seismic wave signals. It has a cylindrical appearance, is smaller than the auxiliary shell, and uses wireless transmission.

6. The seismic wave geophone coupling device suitable for shield tunnel segments according to claim 5, characterized in that: The active source is used to excite the predetermined seismic wave excitation position, and the seismic wave detector receives the seismic wave signal.

7. The seismic wave geophone coupling device suitable for shield tunnel segments according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the pressing screw is connected to the seismic wave detector body, and the other end extends out of the upper surface of the auxiliary shell. The pressing screw is driven to rotate by the driving motor to drive the seismic wave detector body to descend.

8. The seismic wave geophone coupling device for shield tunnel segments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure sensor is installed at the connection between the pressing screw and the top surface of the seismic wave detector body.

9. The seismic wave geophone coupling device suitable for shield tunnel segments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing structure includes a cushion rubber ring and a downward screw sealing strip. The cushion rubber ring is fixed on the fitting surface between the auxiliary shell and the pipe segment surface. The downward screw sealing strip is used to seal the gap between the downward screw and the auxiliary shell, thereby realizing a sealed environment of the auxiliary shell cavity.

10. A seismic wave detector coupling method applicable to shield tunnel segments, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Determine a seismic wave excitation position and a seismic wave receiving position, place an excitation source at the seismic wave excitation position, and place a seismic wave detector device suitable for a shield tunnel segment as described in any one of claims 1 to 9 at the seismic wave receiving position; Attach the lower surface of the auxiliary shell to the surface of the pipe segment, and control the air extraction valve to extract air to form a negative pressure environment; The downward pressure screw is controlled to rotate, driving the seismic wave detector body to descend and move toward the pipe segment until it reaches the set threshold of the pressure sensor; Use the seismic wave detector body to collect seismic wave data; After the acquisition work is completed, the downward pressure screw is controlled to rotate in the reverse direction, driving the seismic wave detector body to rise and move toward the principle pipe segment, controlling the drive valve to work in the reverse direction, and removing the seismic wave detector device.

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