Clock adjustment methods, clocks and electronic devices

Abstract

This application provides a clock adjustment method, a clock, and an electronic device. The method may include: monitoring the actual value of the spectral data of a target clock; calculating an expected value of the spectral data based on the predetermined current relationship between the spectral data and the transmission power, according to the transmission power of the target clock corresponding to the actual value; determining whether there is a deviation in the spectral data of the target clock based on the actual value and the expected value; if a deviation exists, updating the relationship between the spectral data and the transmission power based on the actual value of the spectral data and the transmission power corresponding to the actual value, obtaining an updated current relationship between the spectral data and the transmission power; and adjusting the transmission power of the target clock based on the updated current relationship between the spectral data and the transmission power. This method can improve the stability of the clock.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of clock technology, and more specifically, to a clock adjustment method, a clock, and an electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] Molecular clocks are quite sensitive to environmental conditions, and changes in the environment may affect their normal operation and stability.

[0003] Currently, to better maintain the normal operation of molecular clocks, the common practice is to use passive temperature compensation to maintain the environmental stability of the molecular clock, thereby ensuring its normal operation and long-term stability. However, while temperature compensation can mitigate molecular clock anomalies, it cannot completely eliminate the impact of temperature changes on the stability of the molecular clock simply by using temperature compensation alone. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a clock adjustment method, a clock, and an electronic device that can improve the stability of a molecular clock.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a clock adjustment method, comprising: monitoring the actual value of the spectral data of a target clock; calculating an expected value of the spectral data based on a predetermined current relationship between the spectral data and the transmission power, according to the transmission power of the target clock corresponding to the actual value; determining whether there is a deviation in the spectral data of the target clock based on the actual value and the expected value; if there is a deviation, updating the relationship between the spectral data and the transmission power based on the actual value of the spectral data and the transmission power corresponding to the actual value, to obtain an updated current relationship between the spectral data and the transmission power; and adjusting the transmission power of the target clock based on the updated current relationship between the spectral data and the transmission power.

[0006] Spectral data is a crucial parameter for measuring clock stability. Changes in the environmental conditions of a molecular clock can affect its spectral data, which in turn can impact its operating frequency and timing accuracy. The aforementioned implementation method allows for timely detection of abnormal deviations in the molecular clock through spectral data monitoring. This enables adjustments to the target clock's transmission power, further ensuring the spectral data meets requirements and thus better maintaining the molecular clock's accuracy and long-term stability.

[0007] In an optional implementation, the spectral data includes spectral absorption values; the current relationship between the spectral data and the transmission power is determined by: monitoring the spectral absorption values ​​corresponding to different transmission powers at the target clock; and constructing the current relationship between the spectral absorption values ​​and the transmission power based on multiple sets of different transmission powers and their corresponding spectral absorption values.

[0008] In the above implementation method, a spectral absorption value that can measure the accuracy of the molecular clock is selected. By using the actual obtained spectral absorption value and emission power, the relationship between the data can be found, and the emission power of the target clock can be adjusted based on this relationship.

[0009] In an optional implementation, the spectral data includes the full width at half maximum (FWHM); the current relationship between the spectral data and the transmit power is determined by: monitoring the FWHM corresponding to different transmit powers at the target clock; and constructing the current relationship between the FWHM and the transmit power based on multiple sets of different transmit powers and their corresponding FWHMs.

[0010] In the above implementation method, the half-width at half maximum (WHM) of the spectrum that can measure the accuracy of the molecular clock is selected. By using the actual obtained WHM and emission power, the relationship between the data can be found, and the emission power of the target clock can be adjusted based on this relationship.

[0011] In an optional implementation, before monitoring the actual value of the spectral data of the target clock, the method further includes: obtaining the initial transmission power of the target clock based on a predetermined current relationship between the spectral data and the transmission power, and the required spectral data; and operating the target clock based on the initial transmission power.

[0012] In the above implementation, the molecular clock also determines the initial emission power by combining the required spectral data and the current relationship between the spectral data and the emission power, so that the initial operating state of the target clock meets the requirements and the operation of the target clock can be relatively more accurate.

[0013] In an optional implementation, the method further includes: obtaining the current temperature data of the target clock; and adjusting the temperature of the environment in which the target clock is located based on the current temperature data, thereby adjusting the temperature of the target clock.

[0014] In the above implementation method, temperature adjustment can also be combined to make the operating environment of the target clock better meet the requirements, so that the target clock can operate in a more stable environment and better maintain long-term stability.

[0015] In an optional implementation, obtaining the current temperature data of the target clock includes: obtaining initial temperature data obtained from multiple test points of the target clock; correcting the initial temperature data to obtain the current temperature data of the target clock.

[0016] In the above implementation method, multiple test points can be combined to determine the current temperature data of the target clock, which can make the obtained current temperature data more reliable.

[0017] In an optional implementation, the step of correcting the initial temperature data to obtain the current temperature data of the target clock includes: correcting the initial temperature data of each test point based on the temperature relationship between the measured value and the true value of the pre-calibrated temperature data to obtain corrected temperature data; and weighting the corrected temperature data corresponding to each test point to obtain the current temperature data of the target clock.

[0018] In the above implementation method, the temperature data obtained at each test point can be corrected, which can further improve the reliability of the current temperature data.

[0019] In an optional implementation, the method for determining the temperature relationship between the measured value and the true value includes: obtaining multiple sets of test temperatures and the corresponding true temperatures for each test point; and performing curve fitting based on the sets of test temperatures and the corresponding true temperatures to obtain the temperature relationship between the measured value and the true value.

[0020] In the above implementation method, the temperature relationship between the measured value and the true value can be pre-fitted, making the temperature data correction simpler and more reliable, and the correction efficiency can also be higher.

[0021] Secondly, the present invention provides a clock, wherein the clock is adjusted using the method described in any one of the foregoing embodiments.

[0022] Thirdly, the present invention provides an electronic device comprising: a clock as described in the foregoing embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1A schematic diagram illustrating the variation of spectral absorption value and spectral half-width over time, provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the relationship between signal source power and transmission power provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the relationship between signal source power and relative clock frequency deviation provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between signal source power and spectral absorption value provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0028] Figure 5 A schematic diagram illustrating the relationship between the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the spectrum and the power of the signal source is provided for embodiments of this application.

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the relationship between signal source power and spectral absorption value provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating another relationship curve between signal source power and spectral absorption value provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the relationship between spectral absorption value and transmission power provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 9 A schematic diagram illustrating the relationship between the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the spectrum and the transmit power provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 10 A flowchart of a clock adjustment method provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures indicate similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures. Furthermore, in the description of this application, terms such as "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0036] The maturity of Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) and Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) technologies has enabled the further integration of molecular clocks into chips, significantly reducing costs and improving portability. For example, emission-type molecular clock systems, through their fully electronic design, eliminate the need for magnetic shielding and laser components, making them more suitable for consumer electronics devices.

[0037] A molecular clock is an instrument that uses the frequency of energy level transitions in atoms or molecules to achieve precise timekeeping. Its basic working principle is that when atoms or molecules absorb or release electromagnetic radiation of a specific frequency, transitions occur between different energy levels. The frequency of these energy level transitions has extremely high stability and accuracy, and can be used as a reference for time measurement.

[0038] Molecular clocks are highly sensitive to environmental conditions for normal operation and long-term stability. Currently, they primarily rely on passive temperature compensation control to maintain their long-term stability. For example, changing the external ambient temperature of the molecular clock, through heating or cooling, allows it to reach a set temperature, thus maintaining the clock within a relatively stable temperature range. However, these methods often only mitigate the impact of temperature changes to a certain extent and cannot achieve real-time dynamic compensation for the temperature's influence. Temperature significantly affects the long-term stability of molecular clocks, and temperature changes are highly correlated with the relative frequency deviation. Therefore, further investigation into the factors influencing the temperature of molecular clocks is needed to find methods for temperature compensation.

[0039] The inventors of this application have learned that the full width at half maximum (FWHM) and spectral absorbance (Q value) of a molecular clock are important parameters for measuring clock stability. Changes in these parameters may affect the operating frequency and timing accuracy of the molecular clock, leading to changes in its operating power. The FWHM and spectral absorbance affect the power, thus impacting the long-term stability of the molecular clock. Based on this, the inventors of this application propose a method for power control based on feedback, which automatically optimizes the long-term stability of the molecular clock through power control.

[0040] Based on the above research, embodiments of this application can provide a clock adjustment method, clock, and electronic device that can adaptively adjust the emission power of a molecular clock based on monitored spectral data, thereby better maintaining clock accuracy. The clock adjustment method, clock, and electronic device provided in this application are described below with reference to some embodiments.

[0041] To facilitate understanding of the underlying logic in the clock adjustment method provided in this application embodiment, the relevant research that led to this method will be introduced first.

[0042] Since clocks typically operate in low-pressure environments, we first studied the low-pressure environment around 10 Pa (approximately 8 Pa to 12 Pa). When the OCS pressure is 8 Pa, 10 Pa, and 12 Pa, the spectral absorption at an attenuator power of -20 dB is as follows: absorption is 2.04 dB at 12 Pa, 1.8999 dB at 10 Pa, and 1.733 dB at 8 Pa. Within a certain low-pressure range, absorption increases with increasing pressure.

[0043] The relationship between spectral half-width at half-maximum (HWHM) and spectral absorbance: Analysis of test data reveals the following relationship between spectral absorbance and HWHM as air pressure increases over time within a low-pressure range (8 Pa - 30 Pa): Figure 1 As shown, spectral absorption decreases with increasing spectral half-width. Given that the molecular clock operates normally at a low pressure of around 10 Pa, the spectral absorption and spectral half-width values ​​near this pressure are in the range [1,2].

[0044] Based on some test data, the relationship between signal source power and transmission power is fitted, specifically as follows: Figure 2 As shown, it illustrates a schematic curve relating signal source power to transmission power. The horizontal axis represents signal source power, and the vertical axis represents transmission power. Figure 2 The example shown illustrates the raw data (blue data points) obtained from a molecular clock correlation analyzer, the data obtained after denoising the raw data (orange data points), and the fitted curve based on the emission power data points. Figure 2 It can be seen that the transmit power is positively correlated with the signal source power. Based on fitting the relationship between the signal source power and the transmit power, the following formula can be obtained: Where x represents the signal source power and y represents the transmission power.

[0045] The relationship between signal source power and relative clock frequency deviation is fitted based on some measured data, specifically as follows: Figure 3 As shown, this diagram illustrates the relationship between signal source power and the relative frequency deviation of the clock. The horizontal axis represents signal source power, and the vertical axis represents the relative frequency deviation of the clock. From... Figure 3 The example shown demonstrates that the power of the signal source is positively correlated with the relative frequency deviation of the clock.

[0046] Depend on Figure 2 and 3It can be understood that within a certain power range (-6.5dB to -5dB), there is a linear relationship between transmit power and the relative frequency deviation of the clock. When the power is abnormal, power compensation can be achieved by dynamically adjusting the signal source power.

[0047] Relationship between spectral absorption and signal source power: When the OCS pressure is 10 Pa, the relationship between signal source power and spectral absorption value is fitted based on some measured data, as shown in Figure 4, which illustrates the relationship curve between signal source power and spectral absorption value. The horizontal axis represents signal source power, and the vertical axis represents spectral absorption value. Figure 4 In the example shown, within a certain range, the spectral absorption value decreases as the power of the signal source increases.

[0048] Relationship between spectral half-width at half-maximum (HWHM) and signal source power: When the OCS pressure is 10 Pa, the relationship between HWHM and signal source power is fitted based on some measured data, as follows: Figure 5 The diagram shows the relationship between the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the spectrum and the signal source power. The horizontal axis represents the signal source power, and the vertical axis represents the FWHM. Figure 5 As shown in the example, within a certain range, the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the spectrum increases with the increase of the signal source power.

[0049] Even with other OCS pressure values, the relationship between signal source power and spectral absorption values ​​was fitted based on some measured data, specifically as follows: Figure 6 As shown, this diagram illustrates the relationship between signal source power and spectral absorption value when the OCS pressure is 8 Pa. The horizontal axis represents the signal source power, and the vertical axis represents the spectral absorption value.

[0050] When the OCS pressure is other values, the relationship between the signal source power and the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the spectrum is also fitted based on some measured data, specifically as follows: Figure 7 As shown, this diagram illustrates the relationship between signal source power and the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the spectrum when the OCS pressure is 8 Pa. The horizontal axis represents the signal source power, and the vertical axis represents the spectral absorption value.

[0051] In one example, taking the OCS pressure of the molecular gas cell P=8pa and the transmitter power after attenuation as -20dBm, the relationship between spectral absorption and transmission power is shown in the curve. Figure 8 As shown, the horizontal axis represents the transmission power, and the vertical axis represents the spectral absorption value. Figure 8The diagram shows the raw data (blue data points) obtained from a molecular clock correlation analyzer, and the data obtained after denoising the raw data (orange data points). Based on this, the third-order fitting formula for the spectral absorbance and emission power can be expressed as: Where x represents the transmit power and y represents the spectral absorption value. Of course, as the clock's performance changes, or as the environment in which the clock is located affects the clock differently, the formula representing the relationship between the spectral absorption value and the transmit power may differ from the formula above.

[0052] In one example, taking the OCS pressure of the molecular gas cell as P=8pa and the transmitter power after attenuation as -20dBm, the relationship curve between the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the spectrum and the transmitted power is as follows: Figure 9 As shown, the horizontal axis represents the emission power, and the vertical axis represents the full width at half maximum (FWHM). It displays the raw data (blue data points) obtained from the molecular clock correlation instrument, and the data points obtained after denoising the raw data (orange data points). The third-order linear formula for fitting the FWHM to the emission power after noise reduction can be expressed as: Where x represents the transmit power and Y represents the full width at half maximum (FWHM). Of course, as the clock performance changes, or the environment in which the clock is located affects the clock differently, the formula representing the relationship between FWHM and transmit power may differ from the formula above.

[0053] Research has shown that molecular clocks operate normally in low-pressure environments. Furthermore, with well-sealed molecular clock products, compensation only needs to be considered within the pressure range required for normal operation. When the OCS pressure is between 8 and 12 Pa, clock compensation can be achieved by monitoring the spectral absorption value and the full width at half maximum (FWHM) to adjust the transmission power.

[0054] Please see Figure 10 This is a flowchart of a clock adjustment method provided in an embodiment of this application. The clock adjustment method provided in this application can be applied to a clock, using that clock to execute the steps in the clock adjustment method. The following will describe... Figure 10 The specific process shown will be explained in detail.

[0055] Step 110: Monitor the actual value of the spectral data of the target clock.

[0056] For example, relevant equipment can be tested to monitor the spectral data obtained from each spectral scan in real time under clock operating conditions.

[0057] The spectral data may include the full width at half maximum (FWHM) and the spectral absorption value.

[0058] Optionally, before performing step 110, the process may include obtaining the initial transmit power of the target clock based on the current relationship between the predetermined spectral data and the transmit power, as well as the required spectral data; and running the target clock based on the initial transmit power.

[0059] Step 110 can detect the spectral data of the target clock in operation to obtain the actual value of the spectral data.

[0060] Step 120: Based on the predetermined relationship between the spectral data and the transmission power, calculate the expected value of the spectral data according to the transmission power of the target clock corresponding to the actual value.

[0061] The current relationship between the spectral data and the transmit power can be pre-defined using measured data. For example, if the spectral data contains multiple different types of data, the current relationship between the spectral data and the transmit power can include multiple sets of current relationships. A current relationship is determined for each different type of spectral data and the transmit power.

[0062] Optionally, the target clock may be a molecular clock, which may include a molecular gas chamber.

[0063] Step 120 above can also be combined with the current gas pressure of the molecular gas cell to select the current relationship between other corresponding spectral data and transmission power. Based on the current relationship between the spectral data corresponding to the current gas pressure and the transmission power, the expected value of the spectral data is calculated.

[0064] For example, the normal operating pressure of the molecular clock can be pre-divided into multiple pressure ranges, each corresponding to a set of spectral data and the current relationship between emission power. In one instance, the normal operating pressure range of the molecular clock can be 8 Pa to 12 Pa. This pressure range can then be divided into multiple pressure ranges, for example, [8, 9), [9, 10), [10, 11), and [11, 12]. Of course, different pressure ranges can be divided based on actual needs; for example, each pressure range can be longer or shorter, or it can be divided into multiple pressure ranges of different lengths.

[0065] For example, when the spectral data contains multiple different types of data, the current relationship between each set of spectral data and the transmitted power can include multiple different types of current relationships between spectral data and the transmitted power. For instance, the spectral data includes the full width at half maximum (FWHM) and the spectral absorbance value. Then, each pressure range can have a current relationship between the FWHM and the transmitted power, and a current relationship between the spectral absorbance value and the transmitted power.

[0066] Step 130: Based on the actual value and the expected value, determine whether there is a deviation in the spectral data of the target clock.

[0067] If there is a deviation, proceed to step 140.

[0068] For example, a judgment threshold can be preset. If the difference between the actual value and the expected value is greater than the judgment threshold, it is confirmed that the spectral data of the target clock has a deviation. If the difference between the actual value and the expected value is not greater than the judgment threshold, it is confirmed that the spectral data of the target clock has no deviation.

[0069] Optionally, the spectral data can include multiple types of data, and a judgment threshold can be set for each type of data. Taking the spectral data including the full width at half maximum (FWHM) and the spectral absorption value as an example, a judgment threshold can be set for the FWHM and another judgment threshold can be set for the spectral absorption value.

[0070] Step 140: Based on the actual value of the spectral data and the corresponding transmission power, update the relationship between the spectral data and the transmission power to obtain the current relationship between the updated spectral data and the transmission power.

[0071] Optionally, the relationship between the spectral data and the transmission power before the update can be compensated based on the difference to obtain the relationship between the updated spectral data and the transmission power.

[0072] Alternatively, the relationship between spectral data and transmission power can be constructed based on the actual values ​​of multiple sets of spectral data obtained from the test, and the corresponding transmission power of the multiple sets of actual values.

[0073] For example, curve fitting can be performed based on the actual values ​​of multiple sets of spectral data obtained from the test, and the corresponding transmission power of the multiple sets of actual values, to obtain the relationship between spectral data and transmission power.

[0074] Step 150: Adjust the transmit power of the target clock based on the current relationship between the updated spectral data and the transmit power.

[0075] For example, the required transmit power can be calculated based on the required spectral data, combined with the current relationship between the updated spectral data and the transmit power, and then the calculated transmit power can be used to run the target clock.

[0076] Optionally, the transmitter's transmit power can be controlled by adjusting the attenuator scale of the target clock's transmitter. Alternatively, the adjusted transmit power can be determined with high precision by receiving the detected intermediate frequency (IF) output parameters from the target clock's spectrum analyzer.

[0077] For example, Python software modules can be used to analyze the monitored spectral data to determine if there are any deviations in the spectral data of the target clock. If deviations exist, the relationship between the spectral data and the transmit power can be adaptively updated to adjust the transmit power of the target clock accordingly.

[0078] In one embodiment, the spectral data may include spectral absorption values. The determination of the current relationship between the spectral data and the transmit power includes steps 210 and 220.

[0079] Step 210: Monitor the spectral absorption values ​​corresponding to different transmission powers of the target clock.

[0080] For example, the attenuator scale of the target clock transmitter can be adjusted to set different transmit powers of known transmitters. For each transmit power setting, the corresponding intermediate frequency output parameters are measured using a spectrum analyzer to obtain the spectral absorption values ​​corresponding to different transmit powers.

[0081] Alternatively, to improve the accuracy of the measurement, the measurement can be repeated multiple times for the same transmission power to ensure the accuracy of the data.

[0082] Step 220: Based on multiple sets of different transmission powers and their corresponding spectral absorption values, construct the current relationship between spectral absorption values ​​and transmission power.

[0083] Alternatively, data fitting methods can be used to establish the current relationship between spectral absorbance and emission power. Data fitting methods can include linear regression, polynomial fitting, and other methods.

[0084] Optionally, a fitting model can be selected based on the monitored distribution of different transmission powers and their corresponding spectral absorption values. This fitting model can be a linear function, a quadratic function, a cubic polynomial function, etc.

[0085] Alternatively, artificial intelligence can be used to fit the data based on the different transmission powers and the corresponding spectral absorption values ​​obtained from the above monitoring.

[0086] Alternatively, the current relationship between spectral absorption and emission power can be constructed using Python software modules.

[0087] For example, this Python software module can be used to dynamically adjust the relationship between the spectral absorption value and the transmit power to better adapt to clock changes.

[0088] For example, if the determined fitted model can be a linear regression model: y = mx + b;

[0089] Where y represents the spectral absorption value; x represents the transmission power; m represents the slope; and b represents the intercept.

[0090] The slope m and intercept b can be determined by the least squares method.

[0091] For example, if the determined fitting model can be a polynomial fitting model: ;

[0092] Where a, b, c, and d represent the coefficients of the polynomial fitting model; y represents the spectral absorption value; and x represents the transmission power.

[0093] The polynomial coefficients can be calculated using the least squares method or other numerical methods.

[0094] Alternatively, validation data different from the current relationship between the fitted spectral absorption values ​​and the emission power described above can be used for validation.

[0095] This verification data can also be obtained by monitoring using the method in step 210.

[0096] For example, if it is found that the current relationship between spectral absorption and transmission power is unreliable, more spectral absorption values ​​can be monitored to reconstruct the current relationship between spectral absorption and transmission power.

[0097] In one embodiment, the spectral data includes the full width at half maximum (FWHM). The determination of the current relationship between the aforementioned spectral data and the transmit power may include steps 310 and 320.

[0098] Step 310: Monitor the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the spectrum corresponding to different transmit powers at the target clock.

[0099] For example, the attenuator scale of the target clock transmitter can be adjusted to set different transmit powers of known transmitters. For each transmit power setting, the corresponding intermediate frequency output parameters are measured using a spectrum analyzer to obtain the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the spectrum for different transmit powers.

[0100] Optionally, for the measurement of the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the spectrum, in order to improve the accuracy of the measurement, the measurement can be repeated multiple times for the same transmit power to ensure the accuracy of the data.

[0101] Step 320: Based on multiple sets of different transmit powers and their corresponding full width at half maximum (FWHM), construct the current relationship between FWHM and transmit power.

[0102] Alternatively, data fitting methods can be used to establish the current relationship between the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the spectrum and the transmit power. Data fitting methods can include linear regression, polynomial fitting, and other methods.

[0103] Optionally, a fitting model can be selected based on the monitored different transmit powers and the distribution of the spectral half-width at half-maximum corresponding to different transmit powers. This fitting model can be a linear function, a quadratic function, a cubic polynomial function, etc.

[0104] Alternatively, artificial intelligence can be used to fit the data based on the different transmission powers and the corresponding full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the spectrum obtained from the above monitoring.

[0105] For example, if the determined fitted model can be a linear regression model: y = mx + b;

[0106] Where y represents the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the spectrum; x represents the transmit power; m represents the slope; and b represents the intercept.

[0107] The slope m and intercept b can be determined by the least squares method.

[0108] For example, if the determined fitting model can be a polynomial fitting model: ;

[0109] Where a, b, c, and d represent the coefficients of the polynomial fitting model; y represents the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the spectrum; and x represents the transmit power.

[0110] The polynomial coefficients can be calculated using the least squares method or other numerical methods.

[0111] Alternatively, validation data different from the current relationship between the fitted spectrum's full width at half maximum (FWHM) and the transmitted power described above can be used for validation.

[0112] This verification data can also be obtained by monitoring using the method in step 310.

[0113] For example, if it is found that the current relationship between the spectral half-width and the transmit power is unreliable, more spectral half-widths can be monitored to reconstruct the current relationship between the spectral half-width and the transmit power.

[0114] The above implementation method can be combined with the construction of the relationship between spectral data and clock transmission power to adjust the clock transmission power. This can fundamentally solve the problem of molecular clock performance changes caused by changes in the clock environment, enabling the molecular clock to operate more stably and improving its accuracy and stability.

[0115] The following example illustrates the process of adjusting the transmit power described above:

[0116] For example, the relationship between the current spectral absorption value and the emission power can be expressed by the formula: Where x represents the transmission power and y represents the spectral absorption value.

[0117] Suppose we need to predict the spectral absorption value when the transmit power is -25 dBm. Substituting x = -25 into the above formula, we can calculate the expected value of the predicted spectral absorption. However, at this transmit power of -25 dBm, there is a deviation between the measured spectral absorption value obtained when the clock is operating normally and the value calculated by the formula. Therefore, we can adjust the transmitter's transmit power and the signal source power to the normal operating range by refitting the relationship between the spectral absorption value and the transmit power.

[0118] In practical applications, the relationship between the spectral absorption value and the transmission power described above can help optimize the transmitter's transmission power to achieve the desired spectral absorption value and relative frequency deviation performance.

[0119] Similarly, the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the spectrum can be monitored and calculated. If the FWHM after the spectrum scan is detected to be in an abnormal range, the transmitter power and signal source power will be adjusted to the normal operating range based on the relationship between the latest FWHM and the transmit power.

[0120] In the above implementation, it can be seen that the higher the transmit power, the greater the relative frequency deviation of the clock; power and relative frequency deviation are positively correlated. Based on various clock parameters, such as signal source power, transmit power, and relative frequency deviation, the stability of the clock can be adjusted.

[0121] Furthermore, based on the research, it can be understood that when the OCS pressure is 8~12 Pa, the spectral absorption value and the emission power show a positive correlation trend; the spectral half width at half maximum (FWHM) and the emission power show a negative correlation.

[0122] The spectral absorption at different TX powers can be predicted by combining the established spectral data with the current relationship between the transmit power and the spectral data. Given a transmit power value, the corresponding spectral absorption value and full width at half maximum (FWHM) can be calculated by substituting it into the formula relating the spectral data and the transmit power. In practical applications, the transmit power can be adjusted to achieve the desired spectral absorption value and FWHM, thereby optimizing system performance and maintaining long-term clock stability.

[0123] Through the above implementation, stable clock operation can be achieved by adjusting the transmitter's transmission power when the environment affects the clock. Alternatively, environmental control can be used to place the clock in a relatively stable environment, thereby improving clock stability. Based on this, the method provided in this application embodiment may further include steps 160 and 170.

[0124] Step 160: Obtain the current temperature data of the target clock.

[0125] Optionally, a temperature sensor can be set to measure the current temperature data of the target clock.

[0126] Optionally, multiple temperature sensors can be set at different locations of the target clock to measure the temperature at each location of the target clock. The current temperature data of the target clock can then be obtained by weighted summation of the temperatures measured by each temperature sensor.

[0127] The weights for different locations can be set based on their accuracy. For example, the temperature data from locations with smaller errors have higher weights, while the temperature data from locations with larger errors have lower weights.

[0128] For example, data collected by temperature sensors at various locations can be input into a pre-constructed triangular cap function to calculate the weight of each data point. The formula for the triangular cap function is as follows:

[0129] ;

[0130] Where μ is the mean error of the temperature sensors at each location, and w is the width of the error range. This triangular hat function assigns higher weights to temperature data from locations with smaller errors, and lower weights to temperature data from locations with larger errors.

[0131] The sensor output data is weighted using the calculated weights, and the filtered temperature data is calculated using the following formula: Where, Tsensor,i represents the temperature data obtained by the temperature sensor at position i; Tfiltered,i represents the temperature data after filtering the temperature data from the temperature sensor at position i; f(errori,) represents the weight of position i.

[0132] The error at the i-th position can be represented as: Where Tsensor,i represents the temperature value measured by the temperature sensor at the i-th location; Treference,i represents the reference value of the temperature at the i-th location. This reference value can be obtained by measuring the temperature at the i-th location using a high-precision thermometer, and can be regarded as the true temperature or standard temperature value, used to compare with the value measured by the temperature sensor to determine the error.

[0133] Step 170: Based on the current temperature data, adjust the temperature of the environment where the target clock is located to adjust the temperature of the target clock.

[0134] Optionally, a target ambient temperature for the target clock can be preset, and the temperature of the environment where the target clock is located can be adjusted by the difference between the current temperature data and the target ambient temperature.

[0135] Optionally, steps 160 and 170 can be repeated multiple times to keep the ambient temperature of the target clock at the target ambient temperature, so as to further maintain the temperature of the target clock.

[0136] Optionally, step 160 above may include steps 161 and 162.

[0137] Step 161: Obtain initial temperature data from multiple test points for the target clock.

[0138] Step 162: Correct the initial temperature data to obtain the current temperature data of the target clock.

[0139] In one embodiment, step 162 above may include: correcting the initial temperature data of each test point based on the temperature relationship between the measured value and the true value of the pre-calibrated temperature data to obtain corrected temperature data; and weighting the corrected temperature data corresponding to each test point to obtain the current temperature data of the target clock.

[0140] The method for determining the temperature relationship between the measured value and the true value includes: obtaining multiple sets of test temperatures and the corresponding true temperatures for each test point; and performing curve fitting based on the sets of test temperatures and the corresponding true temperatures to obtain the temperature relationship between the measured value and the true value.

[0141] For example, a set of known reference values ​​and corresponding sensor measurements can be prepared in advance. The reference values ​​can be those measured using a high-precision thermometer.

[0142] The relationship between reference and measured values ​​can be preset. Taking a linear relationship between the reference and measured values ​​as an example, this relationship can be expressed as: Tsensor = a•Ttrue + b; where Tsensor represents the value measured by the temperature sensor; Ttrue represents the reference temperature value; a represents the proportionality coefficient; and b represents the offset. The coefficients a and b can be calculated using linear regression.

[0143] Based on the linear relationship Tsensor = a•Ttrue + b mentioned above, the temperature sensor measurement value can be corrected to obtain a calibrated value that is closer to the true value. Therefore, the determined temperature compensation formula can be expressed as: Tcorrected = (Tsensor - b) / a; where Tcorrected represents the corrected temperature data.

[0144] When a complex relationship exists between the reference and measured values, this relationship can be represented as a polynomial, which can be a quadratic or cubic polynomial. By establishing a polynomial model of the reference and measured values, the coefficients of the polynomial are determined using the obtained reference and measured values. Then, the measured temperature is compensated based on this model. The temperature-based compensation formula can be expressed as: Tcorrected = Tsensor + a•Tsensor 2 +b•Tsensor+c; Tcorrected represents the corrected temperature data; Tsensor is the temperature value measured by the temperature sensor; a, b, and c represent the coefficients of the polynomial, determined through the fitting calibration process.

[0145] In this embodiment, a Python software module can be used to first eliminate the influence of temperature noise based on real-time monitored spectral data and the aforementioned temperature compensation logic; then, the required transmission power is calculated, and control commands are sent to the signal source to dynamically adjust the transmission power. This dynamic adjustment maintains the transmission power and spectral data within a suitable range, thereby improving the stability of the target clock.

[0146] The closed-loop design for automatic transmission power control described above allows for more timely feedback response. In this embodiment, by incorporating software to eliminate temperature noise, the impact of temperature noise on transmission power and clock stability is minimized. Real-time monitoring of spectral data and adjustment of transmission power further ensure the clock operates at its optimal state, enhancing the reliability and anti-interference capabilities of the clock system.

[0147] In this embodiment, multiple monitoring functions can be combined, including pressure monitoring, spectral characteristic related parameter monitoring, relative frequency deviation monitoring, and power monitoring. The coordinated control between these parameters is achieved through Python software modules, enabling the system to comprehensively and in real-time grasp the changes in each key parameter and perform unified management and optimization.

[0148] This application also provides a clock that can be dynamically adjusted using the steps in the clock adjustment method described above.

[0149] For example, the clock could be a molecular clock.

[0150] In this embodiment, the molecular clock may include a molecular gas chamber, a control unit, and a signal source. The control unit may run a Python software module. The signal source generates microwave signals of a specific frequency and power under the control of the control unit.

[0151] This Python software module provides control and computation logic. As the control center of the molecular clock, it is responsible for collecting data from various modules in real time, such as spectral bandwidth, pressure, and power. It controls the signal source of the molecular clock according to preset algorithms and logic to achieve automated management and optimization of the molecular clock, and to achieve automated power control to optimize clock stability.

[0152] In this embodiment, the power of the microwave signal output from the molecular clock signal source is controlled by a Python software module.

[0153] Optionally, the molecular clock can also be equipped with a pressure monitoring module to monitor the pressure data of the molecular cell. The transmission power can be dynamically adjusted based on the pressure data and the current relationship between appropriate spectral data and the transmission power.

[0154] The molecular clock can also be equipped with a spectral monitoring module, which is mainly used to monitor spectral characteristic parameters such as bandwidth and absorption. By monitoring changes in these parameters in real time, the influence of factors such as microwave power on the spectrum can be understood in a timely manner, providing a basis for subsequent microwave power estimation and feedback control.

[0155] This application also provides an electronic device, which may further include a clock.

[0156] The clock can be similar to the clock provided in the foregoing embodiments. For the clock in the electronic device of this embodiment, please refer to the description in the foregoing embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0157] Depending on the specific needs, the electronic device may include even more components.

[0158] Optionally, the electronic device may also include a memory and a processor. The memory and processor are electrically connected to each other directly or indirectly to enable data transmission or interaction. For example, these components can be electrically connected to each other via one or more communication buses or signal lines.

[0159] The memory can be, but is not limited to, Random Access Memory (RAM), Read Only Memory (ROM), Programmable Read-Only Memory (PROM), Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EPROM), and Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM). The memory stores programs, and after receiving execution instructions, the processor executes the programs. The methods executed by the electronic device defined by the process disclosed in any embodiment of this application can be applied to the processor or implemented by the processor.

[0160] The aforementioned processor may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. It can be a general-purpose processor, including a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Network Processor (NP), etc.; it can also be a digital signal processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components. It can implement or execute the methods, steps, and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of this application. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0161] For example, the electronic device needs to display the data generated during the calculation process or the calculation results. The electronic device may also include a display unit for displaying the data generated during the calculation process and the calculation results.

[0162] For example, if the electronic device also needs to communicate with other devices, the electronic device may further include a communication unit through which communication with other devices is achieved.

[0163] Furthermore, embodiments of this application also provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, performs the steps of the clock adjustment method described in the above method embodiments.

[0164] The computer program product of the clock adjustment method provided in this application includes a computer-readable storage medium storing program code. The instructions included in the program code can be used to execute the steps of the clock adjustment method described in the above method embodiments. For details, please refer to the above method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0165] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed methods can also be implemented in other ways. The method embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of methods and computer program products according to various embodiments of this application. In this regard, each block in a flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, segment, or portion of code containing one or more executable instructions for implementing a specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions marked in the blocks may occur in a different order than those marked in the drawings. For example, two consecutive blocks may actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be executed in reverse order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each block in a block diagram and / or flowchart, and combinations of blocks in block diagrams and / or flowcharts, can be implemented using a dedicated hardware-based system that performs the specified function or action, or using a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0166] In addition, the method steps in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated together to form an independent part for execution, or each method step can be executed by a separate module, or two or more steps can be formed into an independent part for execution.

[0167] If the aforementioned functions are implemented as software functional modules and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks. It should be noted that in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0168] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures indicate similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0169] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for adjusting a molecular clock, characterized in that, include: The actual value of the spectral data of the target clock is monitored; wherein the spectral data includes spectral absorption value or spectral half-width; Based on the current relationship between the predetermined spectral data and the transmission power, the expected value of the spectral data is calculated according to the transmission power of the target clock corresponding to the actual value. The determination of the current relationship between the spectral data and the transmission power includes: monitoring the spectral absorption values ​​corresponding to different transmission powers at the target clock, and constructing a current relationship between the spectral absorption values ​​and the transmission power based on multiple sets of different transmission powers and their corresponding spectral absorption values; or, monitoring the spectral half-width at half-maximum (HWHM) corresponding to different transmission powers at the target clock, and constructing a current relationship between the spectral HWHM and the transmission power based on multiple sets of different transmission powers and their corresponding HWHM. Based on the actual value and the expected value, determine whether there is a deviation in the spectral data of the target clock; If there is a deviation, the relationship between the spectral data and the transmission power is updated based on the actual value of the spectral data and the corresponding transmission power to obtain the current relationship between the updated spectral data and the transmission power. Based on the current relationship between the updated spectral data and the transmission power, the transmission power of the target clock is adjusted.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before the actual value of the spectral data of the monitored target clock, the method further includes: Based on the predetermined relationship between the spectral data and the transmission power, and the spectral data, the initial transmission power of the target clock is obtained; The target clock is operated based on the initial transmit power.

3. The method according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that, The method further includes: Obtain the current temperature data of the target clock; Based on the current temperature data, the temperature of the environment where the target clock is located is adjusted to adjust the temperature of the target clock.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that Obtaining the current temperature data of the target clock includes: Obtain initial temperature data from multiple test points for the target clock; The initial temperature data is corrected to obtain the current temperature data of the target clock.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The step of correcting the initial temperature data to obtain the current temperature data of the target clock includes: Based on the temperature relationship between the measured and true values ​​of the pre-calibrated temperature data, the initial temperature data of each test point is corrected to obtain the corrected temperature data. The corrected temperature data corresponding to each test point is weighted to obtain the current temperature data of the target clock.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The methods for determining the temperature relationship between the measured value and the true value include: For each test point, multiple sets of test temperatures and the corresponding actual temperatures are obtained. Curve fitting is performed based on multiple sets of test temperatures and the corresponding real temperatures to obtain the temperature relationship between the measured values ​​and the real values.

7. A molecular clock, characterized in that, The molecular clock is adjusted using the method described in any one of claims 1-6.

8. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: Includes the molecular clock as described in claim 7.

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