Precipitation station network automation optimization method

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic optimization method for a precipitation station network, and belongs to the technical field of hydrological monitoring. Aiming at the problems that the traditional station network planning neglects the vertical precipitation difference and the guide rule requires to lack an operable tool, the method comprises the following steps: generating a drainage basin boundary based on a GIS and supporting stage processing; calculating the number of planned minimum precipitation stations in the general area and the rainstorm area by adopting an interpolation method; dividing control units through a Thiessen polygon method and verifying the area of a single station; using DEM data to split pattern spots according to gradient grades, and combining a dynamic threshold to analyze terrain influence; detecting a reservoir coverage blind area through the spatial topological relation; and finally, fusing horizontal control and vertical analysis results to output the number of optimized sites. According to the method, automatic decision-making of precipitation station network scientific layout is realized, and the accuracy and planning efficiency of hydrological monitoring data are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of hydrological monitoring, and in particular relates to an automated optimization method for a precipitation station network. Background Art

[0002] The "Technical Guidelines for Hydrological Station Network Planning (SLT34-2023)" provides a technical basis for precipitation station network planning, but its practical application lacks technical gaps. The guidelines only list the minimum number of stations for specific area levels and do not address the calculation method for the minimum number of stations for continuous area intervals. This results in planners having to rely on empirical estimates for basins with non-standard areas, which can lead to density inaccuracies in large basins. While the principle of a single station controlling an area is proposed, the control range demarcation method is not defined, making manual demarcation difficult to ensure accuracy in complex terrain areas. Furthermore, a quantitative model for slope impacts has not been established to address the requirement for density density in slope areas, making it difficult to effectively capture vertical precipitation differences in mountainous terrain rainfall monitoring. Reservoir station coverage verification relies on manual work, which is time-consuming and prone to missing key flood control points. Existing methods have not yet integrated spatial topology algorithms with multidimensional density analysis models, making it difficult to systematically coordinate horizontal and vertical precipitation monitoring needs. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes an automatic optimization method for precipitation station network to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art.

[0004] In a first aspect, to achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides a method for automatically optimizing a precipitation station network, comprising the following steps:

[0005] Based on the total water outlet of a given basin, the basin vector boundary is generated and the basin area is calculated using GIS;

[0006] When watershed classification is required, specify multiple outlets and repeat the watershed boundary generation operation;

[0007] The number of stations with the minimum precipitation in the general area is calculated by interpolation and compared with the existing stations to obtain the first supplementary amount;

[0008] The interpolation method is used to calculate the number of stations with the minimum precipitation in the concentrated source area of ​​rainstorm and flood, and the second supplementary amount is obtained by comparing with the existing stations;

[0009] The site control units are divided by Thiessen polygon method. For units with an area greater than 100km 2 The third supplement amount is calculated for the area;

[0010] Based on the digital elevation model data, the independent patches are split according to the slope level, and the fourth supplementary amount is calculated according to the patch area threshold and slope range;

[0011] Detect whether there are precipitation stations in the reservoir basin and count the number of reservoirs without stations to obtain the fifth supplement;

[0012] The maximum of the third and second replenishment amounts in the rainstorm area plus the fourth replenishment amount is taken as the comprehensive replenishment amount in the rainstorm area;

[0013] The maximum of the third supplementary amount and the first supplementary amount of the general area plus the fourth supplementary amount is used as the comprehensive supplementary amount of the general area;

[0014] Output the sum of the comprehensive replenishment of the rainstorm area and the comprehensive replenishment of the general area.

[0015] Optionally, the operation of generating a watershed vector boundary includes:

[0016] Perform depression filling process;

[0017] Perform flow analysis;

[0018] Traffic statistics;

[0019] Determine minimum runoff;

[0020] Capture pour points;

[0021] Calculate watershed;

[0022] Convert raster features to polygon features and obtain watershed vector boundaries.

[0023] Optionally, the process of calculating based on the interpolation method includes:

[0024] Query the predefined area classification table based on the current watershed area;

[0025] Take the minimum number of sites corresponding to two adjacent area levels and perform linear interpolation;

[0026] The interpolation result is rounded up to obtain the minimum number of allowed stations.

[0027] Optionally, the calculation process based on the Thiessen polygon method includes:

[0028] Construct a triangulated network of precipitation stations;

[0029] Connect adjacent triangle circumcenters to generate the control cell boundary.

[0030] Optionally, the process of splitting independent patches according to slope levels includes:

[0031] Divide the slope into six continuous intervals;

[0032] Generate independent patches based on grid topology clustering;

[0033] Set decreasing area thresholds for patches with slopes above 15°.

[0034] Optionally, the process of detecting the reservoir basin includes:

[0035] Generate reservoir basin boundaries;

[0036] Whether a site is within the boundary is determined by the spatial containment relationship.

[0037] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a precipitation station network automation optimization system for implementing a precipitation station network automation optimization method, the system comprising:

[0038] The watershed boundary generation module is used to generate the watershed vector boundary and calculate the watershed area based on the total water outlet of a given watershed through GIS, and repeat the operation under hierarchical instructions;

[0039] A station density calculation module is used to calculate the number of stations with the minimum precipitation in a general area by interpolation to obtain a first supplementary amount, and the number of stations with the minimum precipitation in a concentrated source area of ​​rainstorms and floods to obtain a second supplementary amount;

[0040] Unit control analysis module is used to divide the site control unit by Thiessen polygon method and analyze the unit area greater than 100km 2 The third supplement amount is calculated for the area;

[0041] A slope partition processing module is used to split independent patches according to slope levels based on digital elevation model data, and calculate the fourth supplementary amount according to the patch area threshold and slope range;

[0042] Reservoir coverage detection module, which is used to detect the existence status of precipitation stations in the reservoir basin and count the number of reservoirs without stations to obtain the fifth supplement;

[0043] The comprehensive processing output module is used to add the maximum value of the third supplementary amount and the second supplementary amount in the rainstorm area plus the fourth supplementary amount as the comprehensive supplementary amount of the rainstorm area, and add the maximum value of the third supplementary amount and the first supplementary amount in the general area plus the fourth supplementary amount as the comprehensive supplementary amount of the general area, and output the total.

[0044] Optionally, the watershed boundary generation module includes:

[0045] A depression filling processing unit, used for performing terrain depression filling operations;

[0046] Flow direction analysis unit: used to generate water flow direction data of grid cells, where the grid cells refer to the grid cells in the DEM data;

[0047] Flow statistics unit: Count the flow rate of each grid unit based on the water flow direction data;

[0048] Minimum runoff determination unit: used to divide the watershed boundary range;

[0049] Pour point capture unit: used for setting single or multiple outlets for a given basin outlet;

[0050] Watershed calculation unit: used to obtain rasterized watershed boundaries;

[0051] Raster Feature to Polygon Feature Unit: used to obtain vectorized watershed boundaries.

[0052] In a third aspect, the present invention further provides a computer terminal device, comprising:

[0053] one or more processors;

[0054] a memory, coupled to the processor, for storing one or more programs;

[0055] When the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement, for example, a method for automatic optimization of a precipitation station network.

[0056] In a fourth aspect, the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements, for example, a method for automatically optimizing a precipitation station network.

[0057] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0058] This invention provides an automated optimization method for precipitation station networks. This method, for the first time, enables quantitative analysis of vertical precipitation differences in precipitation station network planning. It effectively addresses blind spots in orographic rainfall monitoring through slope grading and dynamic threshold design. It also translates the principles of hydrological guidelines into an automated algorithm, calculating the minimum number of stations for any watershed area and accurately demarcating the control area of ​​a single station. It also integrates horizontal Thiessen polygon control with vertical slope impact analysis to systematically improve the scientific nature of station layout. Furthermore, it automatically identifies reservoir coverage blind spots based on spatial topology technology, eliminating subjective errors in manual planning. Ultimately, this method automates the entire process of precipitation station network optimization, significantly improving planning efficiency and accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0059] The accompanying drawings, which constitute part of the present invention, are provided to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are provided to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0060] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a flow chart of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the image patch splitting process according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein a square represents a single grid point, the left side is image patch a, and the right side is image patch b;

[0062] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a precipitation station within a watershed boundary according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the irregular shape represents the watershed range and the circle represents the rainfall station;

[0063] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a precipitation station outside a watershed boundary according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the irregular shape represents the watershed range and the circle represents the rainfall station. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0064] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0065] It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowcharts of the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions, and that, although a logical order is shown in the flowcharts, in some cases, the steps shown or described can be executed in an order different from that shown here.

[0066] The Technical Guidelines for Planning Hydrological Station Networks (SLT34-2023) (hereinafter referred to as the Guidelines) put forward some basic principles for the layout principles and minimum density requirements of precipitation station networks. However, the principles are relatively broad, and some requirements are not very operational. For example, the Guidelines only give the minimum number of precipitation stations required for a specific basin area, and do not provide a calculation method for the minimum number of precipitation stations for any basin area. Steps 3 and 4 propose an interpolation and rounding algorithm to solve this problem. The Guidelines state that "the average single station area of ​​a precipitation station should not be greater than 100km2." 2 The method for determining the average single-station area of ​​precipitation stations is not specified. The use of Thiessen polygons in step 5 provides planners with a method for determining the average control range and control area of ​​precipitation stations. The threshold setting in step 6 avoids errors in planning caused by falsely high slopes due to deviations in the terrain data itself. Slopes are classified according to their magnitude, with the corresponding threshold decreasing as the slope grade increases. This fully considers that the more significant the vertical changes in the terrain, the greater the heterogeneity in the vertical distribution of precipitation.

[0067] Based on spatial topology algorithms, spatial overlay algorithms, and classification algorithms, this method automatically analyzes the number of additional precipitation stations needed within a network, improving network planning efficiency and reducing the cost of manual identification and analysis. It is particularly suitable for planning precipitation stations in large basins, improving the feasibility, operability, and scientificity of planning precipitation stations according to the Guidelines. It considers the impact of both horizontal and vertical heterogeneity within a basin on precipitation, thereby determining the number of additional precipitation stations needed within the basin.

[0068] Example 1

[0069] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a method for automatic optimization of a precipitation station network, including:

[0070] Based on the total water outlet of a given basin, the basin vector boundary is generated and the basin area is calculated using GIS;

[0071] When watershed classification is required, specify multiple outlets and repeat the watershed boundary generation operation;

[0072] The number of stations with the minimum precipitation in the general area is calculated by interpolation and compared with the existing stations to obtain the first supplementary amount;

[0073] The interpolation method is used to calculate the number of stations with the minimum precipitation in the concentrated source area of ​​rainstorm and flood, and the second supplementary amount is obtained by comparing with the existing stations;

[0074] The site control units are divided by Thiessen polygon method. For units with an area greater than 100km 2 The third supplement amount is calculated for the area;

[0075] Based on the digital elevation model data, the independent patches are split according to the slope level, and the fourth supplementary amount is calculated according to the patch area threshold and slope range;

[0076] Detect whether there are precipitation stations in the reservoir basin and count the number of reservoirs without stations to obtain the fifth supplement;

[0077] The maximum of the third and second replenishment amounts in the rainstorm area plus the fourth replenishment amount is taken as the comprehensive replenishment amount in the rainstorm area;

[0078] The maximum of the third supplementary amount and the first supplementary amount of the general area plus the fourth supplementary amount is used as the comprehensive supplementary amount of the general area;

[0079] Output the sum of the comprehensive replenishment of the rainstorm area and the comprehensive replenishment of the general area.

[0080] As an implementation method in this embodiment, the operation of generating a watershed vector boundary includes:

[0081] Perform depression filling process;

[0082] Perform flow analysis;

[0083] Traffic statistics;

[0084] Determine minimum runoff;

[0085] Capture pour points;

[0086] Calculate watershed;

[0087] Convert raster features to polygon features and obtain watershed vector boundaries.

[0088] The specific process is as follows: Step 1: Watershed Generation. Given the total outlet of a watershed, the GIS-based process involves filling depressions, extracting initial flow directions, finding sinks, calculating Z-limits, accurately filling depressions, analyzing flow directions, calculating flow statistics, using conditional functions for flow classification, river classification, river linking, converting raster river networks to vectors, drawing pour points, extracting raster watersheds, and converting raster watersheds to vector features. The watershed vector boundary is then generated, and the watershed area is automatically calculated using GIS software.

[0089] As an optional implementation, the above-mentioned operation process is specifically processed through ArcGIS tools.

[0090] Step 2: Determine whether the watershed needs to be classified. If classification is required, specify several watershed outlets and repeat Step 1 to generate the watershed vector boundary and calculate the watershed area. The need for classification depends primarily on the planner's actual needs. If classification is required, the classified watershed must be traversed, which is equivalent to repeating Steps 3 through 8 for the classified watershed. A new Step 9 is added to sum the number of stations required for the classified watershed.

[0091] As an implementation in this embodiment, the process of calculation based on the interpolation method includes:

[0092] Query the predefined area classification table based on the current watershed area;

[0093] Take the minimum number of sites corresponding to two adjacent area levels and perform linear interpolation;

[0094] The interpolation result is rounded up to obtain the minimum number of allowed stations.

[0095] The specific process includes:

[0096] Step 3: Determine compliance with the minimum density standard for general areas. Based on the table of minimum number of precipitation stations for different area levels in the Technical Guidelines for Hydrological Station Network Planning (SLT34-2023) (Table 1), the interpolation method is used to obtain the minimum number of precipitation stations y for different area levels of general area basin area interpolation. 一般 , and compare it with the number of existing precipitation stations in the basin to determine whether it meets the minimum density standard. If not, the number of precipitation stations that need to be built in the general area is obtained based on the minimum number of precipitation stations in the corresponding area. 一般 ; If so, the overall density of precipitation stations meets the requirements.

[0097] Table 1 Minimum number of precipitation stations for different area levels in general areas

[0098]

[0099] Interpolation method: y一般 = Round up [y1+[(y2-y1) / (x2-x1)]×(x-x1)]

[0100] y 一般 : the number of precipitation stations between the upper level area and the lower level area;

[0101] y1: the number of precipitation stations at the previous level; y2: the number of precipitation stations at the next level;

[0102] x1: the area corresponding to the number of precipitation stations at the previous level;

[0103] x2: the area corresponding to the number of precipitation stations at the next level;

[0104] Step 4: Determine compliance with the minimum density standard for concentrated rainstorm and flood source areas. Based on the table of minimum precipitation stations for different area levels in the Technical Guidelines for Hydrological Station Network Planning (SLT34-2023) (Table 2), the interpolation method is used to obtain the minimum number of precipitation stations y for different area levels of the basin area. 暴雨 , and compare it with the number of existing precipitation stations in the basin to determine whether it meets the minimum density standard. If not, the number of precipitation stations N that need to be additionally built in the concentrated source area of ​​rainstorm and flood is obtained based on the minimum number of precipitation stations in the corresponding area. 暴雨 ; If so, the overall density of precipitation stations meets the requirements.

[0105] Table 2 Minimum number of precipitation stations for different area levels in areas with concentrated sources of rainstorms and floods

[0106]

[0107] Interpolation method: y 暴雨 = Round up [y1+[(y2-y1) / (x2-x1)]×(x-x1)]

[0108] y 暴雨 : the number of precipitation stations between the upper level area and the lower level area;

[0109] y1: the number of precipitation stations at the previous level; y2: the number of precipitation stations at the next level;

[0110] x1: the area corresponding to the number of precipitation stations at the previous level; x2: the area corresponding to the number of precipitation stations at the next level;

[0111] As an implementation in this embodiment, the process of calculation based on the Thiessen polygon method includes:

[0112] Construct a triangulated network of precipitation stations;

[0113] Connect adjacent triangle circumcenters to generate the control cell boundary.

[0114] The specific process includes: Step 5: Determination of the conformity of the average single-station control area density. Using the Thiessen polygon method, spatially overlap the general area and the concentrated source area of ​​rainstorm and flood respectively to obtain the boundary and area size of each precipitation station control unit. If the area is larger than 100km 2 , determine the number of sites that need to be supplemented in the unit, and calculate the number of sites that need to be supplemented in the general area by (unit area / 100 rounded up - 1) 单站控制一般区域 、N 单站控制暴雨洪水集中来源区 If the area is less than 100km 2 , determine the number of sites that need to be supplemented in the unit and determine whether the unit density requirements are met.

[0115] Thiessen polygon method:

[0116] 1. Construct a Delaunay triangulation based on the rainfall stations. Number the discrete points and the resulting triangles, and record which three discrete points make up each triangle.

[0117] 2. Find the numbers of all triangles adjacent to each discrete point and record them. This is done by finding all triangles with a common vertex in the constructed triangulated network.

[0118] 3. Sort the triangles adjacent to each discrete point in a clockwise or counterclockwise order to facilitate the next step of connecting and generating Thiessen polygons. Let the discrete point be o. Find a triangle with o as its vertex, set as A. Take another vertex of triangle A besides o, set as a. Another vertex can also be found, which is f. The next triangle must have an edge of o, which is triangle F. If the other vertex of triangle F is e, the next triangle must have an edge of oe. Repeat this process until you reach the edge oa.

[0119] 4. Calculate the center of the circumcircle of each triangle and record it.

[0120] 5. Connect the centers of the circumcircles of the adjacent triangles at each discrete point to form Thiessen polygons. For Thiessen polygons at the edge of the triangulated mesh, draw a perpendicular bisector that intersects the outline of the mesh and, together with the outline, forms a Thiessen polygon.

[0121] As an implementation method in this embodiment, the process of splitting independent image patches according to slope levels includes:

[0122] Divide the slope into six continuous intervals;

[0123] Generate independent patches based on grid topology clustering;

[0124] Set decreasing area thresholds for patches with slopes above 15°.

[0125] Step 6: Determine whether additional precipitation stations are needed in areas where the basin terrain slope is greater than 15°.

[0126] Based on the existing watershed DEM (digital elevation model) data, the general area and the concentrated source area of ​​rainstorm and flood were spatially superimposed respectively, and the slope size of each grid was obtained using the GIS slope analysis tool, and the slope raster data consistent with the DEM resolution was calculated; then the reclassified data was used to classify according to six levels, namely 0-15°, 15°-30°, 30°-45°, 45°-60°, 60°-75°, and 75°-90°, and the corresponding level raster data were extracted respectively, and the raster data were converted into vector data.

[0127] There is no need to build additional precipitation stations in general areas with slopes of 0-15° within the basin and areas where rainstorms and floods are concentrated.

[0128] Considering the uneven distribution of terrain, the area where the terrain is located at 15°-30° is distributed as discontinuous patches. Therefore, it is necessary to split the area where the terrain is located at 15°-30° into several independent patches according to the spatial topological relationship (intersection relationship) and analyze them one by one.

[0129] The process of splitting the patch: Figure 2 As shown in the figure below, independent spots are split according to whether there is an intersection relationship between grid points, and grid points with an intersection relationship are clustered into a single independent spot. As shown in the figure below, spots a and b are independent spots, and each spot is composed of several single grid point clusters with an intersecting topological relationship.

[0130] According to the actual planning needs, a plot area threshold is set. If the area exceeds the threshold, the area of ​​the plot 15°-30° is larger, which proves that the terrain in this area is indeed very undulating and the mountains are large, and there may be large differences in precipitation in the vertical space. Therefore, it is necessary to build additional rain gauges in this area; if the area is less than the threshold, the area of ​​the plot 15°-30° is smaller, which proves that the deviation of the terrain data itself may lead to a false high slope, or the mountains are small, and the differences in the vertical space are small, so there is no need to build additional rain gauges.

[0131] The other four levels of 30°-45°, 45°-60°, 60°-75°, and 75°-90° are similar to 15°-30°, but the patch area threshold should decrease as the slope increases.

[0132] The number of precipitation stations that need to be added in each plot in the concentrated source area of ​​rainstorm and floods = (maximum slope within the plot - minimum slope within the plot) / 5, rounded up. The number of precipitation stations N that need to be added in the concentrated source area of ​​rainstorm and floods is controlled by the slope. 坡度控制暴雨洪水集中来源区 =The sum of the number of precipitation stations that need to be added at each level and each map area;

[0133] The number of precipitation stations required for each plot in a general area = (maximum slope within the plot - minimum slope within the plot) / 5, rounded up. The number of precipitation stations N required for construction in a general area is controlled by the slope. 坡度控制一般区域 =The sum of the number of precipitation stations that need to be added for each level and each map area.

[0134] As an implementation method in this embodiment, the process of detecting the reservoir basin includes:

[0135] Generate reservoir basin boundaries;

[0136] Whether a site is within the boundary is determined by the spatial containment relationship.

[0137] The specific process includes:

[0138] Step 7: Determine whether additional precipitation measurement stations are needed. Based on the geographical location of the reservoir, generate the reservoir basin vector boundary according to step 1. Based on the spatial topological relationship (inclusion relationship), determine whether there are existing precipitation measurement stations in the basin of each reservoir. If there are no precipitation measurement stations, one additional station needs to be built; if there are precipitation measurement stations, no additional construction is required. The number of precipitation measurement stations that need to be built in a reservoir = 1 * the number of reservoirs without precipitation measurement stations in the basin;

[0139] Inclusion relationship judgment: Figure 3 、 Figure 4 As shown, the precipitation station is judged by whether it falls within the vector boundary of the reservoir basin;

[0140] Step 8: Determine the number of stations with total precipitation that need to be supplemented;

[0141] The number of precipitation stations that need to be built in the concentrated source areas of rainstorms and floods is N1=max(N 单站控制暴雨洪水集中来源区 , N 暴雨 )+N 坡度控制暴雨洪水集中来源区 Among them, max(N 单站控制暴雨洪水集中来源区 , N 暴雨 ) is the number of precipitation stations that need to be built to take into account the uneven horizontal precipitation in the concentrated rainstorm and flood areas of the basin, N 坡度控制暴雨洪水集中来源区 In order to take into account the vertical precipitation heterogeneity in the rainstorm and flood concentrated areas of the basin, additional precipitation stations need to be built.

[0142] In general areas, the number of precipitation stations that need to be built is N2=max(N 单站控制一般洪水集中来源区 , N 一般 )+N 坡度控制一般洪水集中来源区 Among them, max(N 单站控制一般洪水集中来源区 , N 一般 ) is the number of precipitation stations that need to be built to take into account the horizontal precipitation heterogeneity in the general area of ​​the basin, N 坡度控制一般洪水集中来源区The number of precipitation stations that need to be built to take into account the vertical precipitation heterogeneity in the general area of ​​the basin.

[0143] The total number of additional precipitation stations = N1 + N2

[0144] Based on this, an embodiment of the present invention provides an automated optimization method for precipitation station networks. This method, for the first time, quantitatively analyzes vertical precipitation differences in precipitation station network planning. Through slope grading and dynamic threshold design, it effectively addresses blind spots in orographic rainfall monitoring. It also translates the principles of hydrological guidelines into an automated algorithm, calculating the minimum number of stations for any watershed area and accurately demarcating the control area of ​​a single station. It also integrates horizontal Thiessen polygon control with vertical slope impact analysis to systematically improve the scientific nature of station layout. Furthermore, it automatically identifies reservoir coverage blind spots based on spatial topology technology, eliminating subjective errors in manual planning. Ultimately, this method automates the entire process of precipitation station network optimization, significantly improving planning efficiency and accuracy.

[0145] Example 2

[0146] In this embodiment, a computer terminal device is provided, including:

[0147] one or more processors;

[0148] a memory, coupled to the processor, for storing one or more programs;

[0149] When the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the methods in the above embodiments.

[0150] In this embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is further provided, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the method in the above embodiment is implemented.

[0151] In this embodiment, an electronic device is further provided, including a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, and the processor is configured to run the computer program to execute the method in the above embodiment.

[0152] The above program can be run in the processor, or it can be stored in the memory (or computer-readable medium), which includes permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media and can be implemented by any method or technology to store information. The information can be computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, read-only compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital versatile disc (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, tape disk storage or other magnetic storage devices or any other non-transmission media that can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device.

[0153] These computer programs can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operational steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions for executing on the computer or other programmable device to implement the process. Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the functions specified in one or more blocks can be implemented by different modules corresponding to different steps.

[0154] This embodiment provides such a device or system. The system is called a precipitation station network automation optimization system, including:

[0155] The watershed boundary generation module is used to generate the watershed vector boundary and calculate the watershed area based on the total water outlet of a given watershed through GIS, and repeat the operation under hierarchical instructions;

[0156] A station density calculation module is used to calculate the number of stations with the minimum precipitation in a general area by interpolation to obtain a first supplementary amount, and the number of stations with the minimum precipitation in a concentrated source area of ​​rainstorms and floods to obtain a second supplementary amount;

[0157] Unit control analysis module is used to divide the site control unit by Thiessen polygon method and analyze the unit area greater than 100km 2 The third supplement amount is calculated for the area;

[0158] A slope partition processing module is used to split independent patches according to slope levels based on digital elevation model data, and calculate the fourth supplementary amount according to the patch area threshold and slope range;

[0159] Reservoir coverage detection module, which is used to detect the existence status of precipitation stations in the reservoir basin and count the number of reservoirs without stations to obtain the fifth supplement;

[0160] The comprehensive processing output module is used to add the maximum value of the third supplementary amount and the second supplementary amount in the rainstorm area plus the fourth supplementary amount as the comprehensive supplementary amount of the rainstorm area, and add the maximum value of the third supplementary amount and the first supplementary amount in the general area plus the fourth supplementary amount as the comprehensive supplementary amount of the general area, and output the total.

[0161] As an implementation in this embodiment, the watershed boundary generation module includes:

[0162] A depression filling processing unit, used for performing terrain depression filling operations;

[0163] Flow direction analysis unit: used to generate water flow direction data of grid cells, where the grid cells refer to the grid cells in the DEM data;

[0164] Flow statistics unit: Count the flow rate of each grid unit based on the water flow direction data;

[0165] Minimum runoff determination unit: used to divide the watershed boundary range;

[0166] Pour point capture unit: used for setting single or multiple outlets for a given basin outlet;

[0167] Watershed calculation unit: used to obtain rasterized watershed boundaries;

[0168] Raster Feature to Polygon Feature Unit: used to obtain vectorized watershed boundaries.

[0169] As an implementation manner in this embodiment, the site density calculation module includes:

[0170] A classification query unit is used to call a predefined area classification table according to the watershed area;

[0171] The interpolation operation unit is used to obtain the minimum number of sites at adjacent area levels to perform linear interpolation and round up.

[0172] As an implementation in this embodiment, the unit control analysis module includes:

[0173] TIN building unit, used to generate the TIN of precipitation stations;

[0174] The cell boundary generation unit is used to connect the circumcenters of adjacent triangles to form the control cell boundary.

[0175] As an implementation in this embodiment, the slope partition processing module includes:

[0176] Slope classification unit, used to divide the slope into six continuous intervals;

[0177] A patch clustering unit is used to generate independent patches based on the grid topology relationship;

[0178] The threshold processing unit is used to apply decreasing area thresholds to the patches with slopes above 15°.

[0179] As an implementation method in this embodiment, the reservoir coverage detection module includes:

[0180] Reservoir boundary generation unit, used to construct the reservoir basin vector boundary;

[0181] The spatial relationship determination unit is used to detect whether the site is located within the boundary through the spatial inclusion relationship.

[0182] The system or device is used to implement the functions of the method in the above-mentioned embodiment. Each module in the system or device corresponds to each step in the method, which has been explained in the method and will not be repeated here.

[0183] Through the above implementation, the problem of automatic optimization of precipitation station network in the related technology is solved, thereby ensuring that the problems existing in the existing technology are solved.

[0184] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A precipitation station network automation optimization method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Based on the total water outlet of a given basin, the basin vector boundary is generated and the basin area is calculated using GIS; When watershed classification is required, specify multiple outlets and repeat the watershed boundary generation operation; The number of stations with the minimum precipitation in the general area is calculated by interpolation and compared with the existing stations to obtain the first supplementary amount; The interpolation method is used to calculate the number of stations with the minimum precipitation in the concentrated source area of ​​rainstorm and flood, and the second supplementary amount is obtained by comparing with the existing stations; The site control units are divided by Thiessen polygon method. For units with an area greater than 100km 2 The third supplement amount is calculated for the area; Based on the digital elevation model data, the independent patches are split according to the slope level, and the fourth supplementary amount is calculated according to the patch area threshold and slope range; Detect whether there are precipitation stations in the reservoir basin and count the number of reservoirs without stations to obtain the fifth supplement; The maximum of the third and second replenishment amounts in the rainstorm area plus the fourth replenishment amount is taken as the comprehensive replenishment amount in the rainstorm area; The maximum of the third supplementary amount and the first supplementary amount of the general area plus the fourth supplementary amount is used as the comprehensive supplementary amount of the general area; Output the sum of the comprehensive replenishment of the rainstorm area and the comprehensive replenishment of the general area.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The operation of generating the watershed vector boundary includes: Perform depression filling process; Perform flow analysis; Traffic statistics; Determine minimum runoff; Capture pour points; Calculate watershed; Convert raster features to polygon features and obtain watershed vector boundaries.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The process of calculation based on the interpolation method includes: Query the predefined area classification table based on the current watershed area; Take the minimum number of sites corresponding to two adjacent area levels and perform linear interpolation; The interpolation result is rounded up to obtain the minimum number of allowed stations.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein The calculation process based on the Thiessen polygon method includes: Construct a triangulated network of precipitation stations; Connect adjacent triangle circumcenters to generate the control cell boundary.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein The process of splitting independent patches according to slope levels includes: Divide the slope into six continuous intervals; Generate independent patches based on grid topology clustering; Set decreasing area thresholds for patches with slopes above 15°.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The process of detecting the reservoir basin includes: Generate reservoir basin boundaries; Whether a site is within the boundary is determined by the spatial containment relationship.

7. A precipitation station network automation optimization system, characterized in that: The system comprises: The watershed boundary generation module is used to generate the watershed vector boundary and calculate the watershed area based on the total water outlet of a given watershed through GIS, and repeat the operation under hierarchical instructions; A station density calculation module is used to calculate the number of stations with the minimum precipitation in a general area by interpolation to obtain a first supplementary amount, and the number of stations with the minimum precipitation in a concentrated source area of ​​rainstorms and floods to obtain a second supplementary amount; Unit control analysis module is used to divide the site control unit by Thiessen polygon method and analyze the unit area greater than 100km 2 The third supplement amount is calculated for the area; A slope partition processing module is used to split independent patches according to slope levels based on digital elevation model data, and calculate the fourth supplementary amount according to the patch area threshold and slope range; Reservoir coverage detection module, which is used to detect the existence status of precipitation stations in the reservoir basin and count the number of reservoirs without stations to obtain the fifth supplement; The comprehensive processing output module is used to add the maximum value of the third supplementary amount and the second supplementary amount in the rainstorm area plus the fourth supplementary amount as the comprehensive supplementary amount of the rainstorm area, and add the maximum value of the third supplementary amount and the first supplementary amount in the general area plus the fourth supplementary amount as the comprehensive supplementary amount of the general area, and output the total.

8. The system according to claim 7, characterized in that The watershed boundary generation module includes: a depression-filling processing unit for performing terrain depression-filling operations; Flow direction analysis unit: used to generate water flow direction data of grid cells, where the grid cells refer to the grid cells in the DEM data; Flow statistics unit: Count the flow rate of each grid unit based on the water flow direction data; Minimum runoff determination unit: used to divide the watershed boundary range; Pour point capture unit: used for setting single or multiple outlets for a given basin outlet; Watershed calculation unit: used to obtain rasterized watershed boundaries; Raster Feature to Polygon Feature Unit: used to obtain vectorized watershed boundaries.

9. A computer terminal device, characterized in that: include: one or more processors; a memory, coupled to the processor, for storing one or more programs; When the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the automatic optimization method for the precipitation station network according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the method for automatic optimization of a precipitation station network according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is implemented.

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