Ecological grassland vegetation restoration and reseeding machine

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and discloses an ecological grassland vegetation restoration and reseeding machine which comprises a rack as an integral frame of the reseeding machine; the storage box is connected to the upper portion of the rack and used for containing seeds and feed; the supporting wheels are connected to the two sides of the rack, support the rack and assist the rack in moving along the ground; the annular air injection structure horizontally injects air along the inner wall of the pipeline, and a uniform horizontal air cushion layer is formed between the pipe wall and a seed falling path, so that the falling resistance of the seeds can be increased, and the falling speed of the seeds is reduced; the annular rotational flow air injection structure spirally and downwards injects air along the inner wall of the pipeline to form a rotating air curtain for wrapping seeds, the seeds are restrained near the central axis of the pipeline through centrifugal force of air flow, the transverse swing amplitude is reduced, the physical contact probability of the seeds and the pipe wall is reduced, and the problems of seed coat damage, endosperm loss and the like are effectively solved. Therefore, the seed activity is obviously protected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and in particular relates to an ecological grassland vegetation restoration and reseeding machine. Background Art

[0002] In the vast grassland ecosystem, vegetation, as the core link of the ecological chain, undertakes the key functions of preventing wind and sand, conserving water and soil, and maintaining biodiversity. However, due to natural and human factors such as overgrazing, climate change, rodent and insect pests, the area of ​​grassland degradation in the world is expanding year by year, vegetation coverage is declining, and soil exposure is increasing. This not only destroys the ecological balance of the grassland, but also threatens regional ecological security and the sustainable development of animal husbandry. In this context, vegetation restoration and reseeding technology, as an important means of quickly restoring grassland vegetation, directly determines the success or failure of grassland ecological restoration due to its efficiency and quality.

[0003] In actual operation, traditional grassland reseeding machines face the dual technical bottlenecks of seed transportation and sowing quality. The seed transportation pipelines of the reseeding machines are mostly rigid structures. After the seeds enter the pipeline from the seed storage box, they fall rapidly under the action of gravity. During the process, they are prone to frequent collisions and friction with the inner wall of the pipeline. For forage seeds commonly used in grassland restoration (such as sheepgrass, ice grass, etc.), their seed coats are thin and the embryos are fragile. Collisions will not only cause seed coat damage and endosperm loss, but will also directly damage seed activity, greatly reducing germination and survival rates. At the same time, if the seeds fall too fast, it will also affect the uniformity and accuracy of sowing. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention addresses the problem in the prior art that after seeds enter the pipeline from the seed storage box, they fall rapidly under the action of gravity, and are prone to frequent collisions and friction with the inner wall of the pipeline during the process. For forage seeds commonly used in grassland restoration (such as sheepgrass, wheatgrass, etc.), their seed coats are thin and the embryos are fragile. Collisions not only cause seed coat damage and endosperm loss, but also directly damage seed activity, significantly reducing germination and survival rates. At the same time, the seeds fall too quickly, which also affects the uniformity and accuracy of sowing. The present invention proposes the following technical solutions:

[0005] An ecological grassland vegetation restoration and reseeding machine, comprising:

[0006] The frame serves as the overall framework of the overseeder;

[0007] A storage box, connected to the top of the frame, for storing seeds and feed;

[0008] Support wheels, connected to both sides of the frame, supporting the frame and assisting it in moving along the ground;

[0009] a lifting frame connected to the frame;

[0010] a positioning frame connected to the frame via the lifting frame;

[0011] An installation shaft connected to the positioning frame;

[0012] The cutting wheel is connected to the positioning frame through the mounting shaft and rotates synchronously with the mounting shaft;

[0013] A pipeline is connected to the bottom of the storage box and is used for dropping and transporting seeds;

[0014] The seed protection assembly includes: a speed change structure connected to the mounting shaft; a fan blade connected to the speed change structure; a diverter structure provided at the air outlet end of the fan blade and connected to the outer side of the speed change structure; a connecting pipe, one end of which is connected to the diverter structure; an annular jet structure connected to the other end of the connecting pipe and jetting air horizontally along the inner wall of the pipe; and an annular swirl jet structure connected to the diverter structure and jetting air spirally downward along the inner wall of the pipe.

[0015] When the cutting wheel rotates, the speed change structure is driven by the mounting shaft to drive the fan blades to rotate, and the gas generated by the fan blades is respectively introduced into the annular jet structure and the annular swirl jet structure through the connecting pipe and the diversion structure.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the speed change structure includes:

[0017] A driving wheel connected to the mounting shaft and rotating synchronously with the mounting shaft;

[0018] A driven wheel connected to the positioning frame;

[0019] A protective cover is connected to the positioning frame and is located outside the driven wheel and the driving wheel, and is used to protect the driving wheel and the driven wheel.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the diversion structure includes:

[0021] an air intake hood connected to the protective hood;

[0022] A filter screen is detachably connected to the air inlet of the air intake hood to filter the gas entering the air intake hood;

[0023] A venturi tube connected to one end of the air inlet hood to accelerate the gas through a contraction section;

[0024] A flow guide tube, with both ends connected to the Venturi tube and the annular swirl jet structure, for conveying the accelerated gas;

[0025] The two ends of the diverter pipe are respectively connected to the air inlet cover and the annular jet structure, and the outer diameter of the diverter pipe is smaller than the inner diameter of the guide pipe.

[0026] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the annular air jet structure includes:

[0027] an annular pipe connected to the connecting pipe and located inside the pipeline;

[0028] a hose connected to the annular tube;

[0029] The spray head is movably connected to the annular tube through the hose and can be rotated at multiple angles through the hose;

[0030] A support arm movably connected to the nozzle;

[0031] A lifting ring is movably connected to the nozzle through the support arm, used to support and adjust the nozzle angle, and to rise and fall along the axial direction of the pipeline;

[0032] A rubber pad is provided on the inner wall of the annular tube;

[0033] The clamping groove is arranged on the outer side of the lifting ring and is used for clamping with the rubber pad.

[0034] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the annular swirl jet structure includes:

[0035] A positioning ring, fixedly connected to the end of the guide tube away from the venturi tube, and arranged inside the pipe, for carrying the swirl assembly;

[0036] a spoiler ring, coaxially and movably connected to the inner wall of the positioning ring, for converting the straight airflow into a rotating airflow;

[0037] An air-jet groove is provided along the circumference of the bottom end of the positioning ring;

[0038] a rubber ring, arranged above the positioning ring;

[0039] an exhaust hood, arranged above the rubber ring;

[0040] The exhaust pipe is arranged inside the exhaust hood and passes through the pipeline, and is used to directionally discharge the gas rising during the operation of the annular jet structure.

[0041] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the driving wheel and the driven wheel are connected through meshing transmission; the diameter of the driving wheel is larger than the diameter of the driven wheel, and the speed of the driven wheel is adjusted by the diameter difference, and the driven wheel is coaxially fixedly connected to the fan blade and rotates synchronously with the driven wheel.

[0042] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the lifting frame is composed of a rectangular frame and a spring rod, wherein the rectangular frame is sleeved on the outside of the frame, and two ends of the spring rod are respectively connected to the positioning frame and the rectangular frame.

[0043] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the guide pipe and the connecting pipe are flexible plastic pipes, the pipeline is a plastic pipe, a column is welded at one end of the air intake hood, and the air intake hood and the protective cover are connected through the column.

[0044] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the support wheel is composed of a roller and a tire, wherein the roller and the frame are rotatably connected, the tire is arranged on the outside of the roller and anti-slip grooves are provided on the outside of the tire.

[0045] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0046] (1) Double air film protection is formed on the inner wall of the pipe. The annular jet structure sprays air horizontally along the inner wall of the pipe, forming a uniform "horizontal air cushion layer" between the pipe wall and the seed falling path, which can increase the seed's falling resistance and reduce the seed's falling speed; the annular swirl jet structure sprays air spirally downward along the inner wall of the pipe, forming a "rotating air curtain" that wraps the seeds, and uses the centrifugal force of the airflow to constrain the seeds near the central axis of the pipe, reducing the lateral swing amplitude and the probability of physical contact between the seeds and the pipe wall, effectively avoiding problems such as seed coat damage and endosperm loss, thereby significantly protecting seed activity;

[0047] (2) It has the function of adjusting the descending resistance according to the size of the seeds, which enables the reseeding machine to adapt to the sowing needs of different types of seeds without replacing the core components. There is no need to configure equipment separately for different seeds, which reduces the equipment investment cost, improves the versatility and practicality of the equipment, and expands the application range of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] Figure 1 The figure shows a schematic structural diagram of an ecological grassland vegetation restoration and reseeding machine in Example 1;

[0049] Figure 2 Shown is a front view of an ecological grassland vegetation restoration and reseeding machine in Example 1;

[0050] Figure 3 The figure shows the installation structure diagram of the positioning frame in Example 1;

[0051] Figure 4 The figure shows the installation structure diagram of the driving wheel in Example 1;

[0052] Figure 5 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the driven wheel in Example 1;

[0053] Figure 6 Shown is Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of area A;

[0054] Figure 7 Shown is Figure 5Schematic diagram of the structure of area B in the middle;

[0055] Figure 8 Shown is a schematic structural diagram of the diversion structure in Example 1;

[0056] Figure 9 Shown is Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle C area;

[0057] Figure 10 Shown is a physical picture of an ecological grassland vegetation restoration and reseeding machine in Example 1.

[0058] In the figure: 1. frame; 2. storage box; 3. support wheel; 4. lifting frame; 5. positioning frame; 6. mounting shaft; 7. cutting wheel; 8. pipeline; 91. driving wheel; 92. driven wheel; 93. protective cover; 10. fan blade; 111. air intake cover; 112. filter screen; 113. venturi tube; 114. guide tube; 115. diverter tube; 12. connecting pipe; 131. annular tube; 132. hose; 133. jet head; 134. support arm; 135. lifting ring; 136. rubber pad; 137. clamping groove; 141. positioning ring; 142. spoiler ring; 143. jet groove; 144. rubber ring; 145. exhaust cover; 146. exhaust pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0059] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0060] Example 1

[0061] The present invention provides an ecological grassland vegetation restoration and reseeding machine, such as Figures 1 to 10As shown, it includes: a frame 1, a storage box 2, a support wheel 3, a lifting frame 4, a positioning frame 5, a mounting shaft 6, a cutting wheel 7, a pipe 8 and a seed protection component; the frame 1 serves as the overall frame of the reseeding machine; the storage box 2 is connected to the top of the frame 1 for placing seeds and feed; the support wheels 3 are connected to both sides of the frame 1 to support the frame 1 and assist it in moving along the ground; the lifting frame 4 is connected to the frame 1; the positioning frame 5 is connected to the frame 1 through the lifting frame 4; the mounting shaft 6 is connected to the positioning frame 5; the cutting wheel 7 is connected to the positioning frame 5 through the mounting shaft 6 and rotates synchronously with the mounting shaft 6; the pipe 8 is connected to the bottom of the storage box 2 for seed falling and transportation; the seed protection component includes: a speed change structure, a fan blade 1 0, diversion structure, connecting pipe 12, annular jet structure and annular swirl jet structure, the speed change structure is connected to the mounting shaft 6; the fan blade 10 is connected to the speed change structure; the diversion structure is provided at the air outlet end of the fan blade 10 and is connected to the outer side of the speed change structure; one end of the connecting pipe 12 is connected to the diversion structure; the annular jet structure is connected to the other end of the connecting pipe 12, and sprays horizontally along the inner wall of the pipe 8; the annular swirl jet structure is connected to the diversion structure, and sprays spirally downward along the inner wall of the pipe 8; when the cutting wheel 7 rotates, the speed change structure is driven by the mounting shaft 6 to drive the fan blade 10 to rotate, and the gas generated by the fan blade 10 is respectively introduced into the annular jet structure and the annular swirl jet structure through the connecting pipe 12 and the diversion structure.

[0062] After the seeds enter the pipe 8 from the storage box 2, they fall rapidly under the action of gravity, and are prone to frequent collision and friction with the inner wall of the pipe 8 during the process. For forage seeds commonly used in grassland restoration (such as leymus chinensis, wheat grass, etc.), their seed coats are thin and their embryos are fragile. Collision will not only cause seed coat damage and endosperm loss, but will also directly damage seed activity, significantly reducing germination rate and survival rate. At the same time, if the seeds fall too fast, it will also affect the uniformity and accuracy of sowing;

[0063] To this end, a seed protection component is set up. The seed protection component forms a double air film protection on the inner wall of the pipe 8 through the synergistic effect of the annular jet structure and the annular swirl jet structure. The annular jet structure sprays horizontally along the inner wall of the pipe 8, forming a uniform "horizontal air cushion layer" between the pipe wall and the seed falling path, which can increase the seed's descending resistance and reduce the seed's descending speed; the annular swirl jet structure sprays spirally downward along the inner wall of the pipe 8, forming a "rotating air curtain" that wraps the seeds, and uses the centrifugal force of the airflow to constrain the seeds near the central axis of the pipe 8, reducing the lateral swing amplitude, thereby effectively avoiding problems such as seed coat damage and endosperm loss, thereby significantly protecting seed activity.

[0064] During use, the frame 1 is connected to the vehicle (tractor), and then the seeds are placed in the storage box 2. Then, during the driving process of the vehicle (tractor), the support wheel 3 rotates due to friction with the ground, and the cutting wheel 7 rotates due to friction inside the ground (the cutting wheel 7 rotates inside the positioning frame 5 through the mounting shaft 6), and the cutting wheel 7 digs a groove on the ground. At this time, the material inside the storage box 2 falls into the groove along the inside of the pipe 8. At the same time, when the mounting shaft 6 rotates, the fan blades 10 are driven to rotate through the speed change structure. When the fan blades 10 rotate, the gas is driven to flow along the inside of the diversion structure. At this time, the gas passes through the connecting pipe 12 and the diversion structure into the annular jet structure and the annular swirl jet structure respectively, so that the annular jet structure forms a horizontal jet at the discharge end of the pipe 8, which reduces the seed descent speed, and the annular swirl jet structure spirally sprays downward along the inner wall of the pipe 8, forming a "rotating air curtain" that wraps the seeds to prevent the seeds from colliding with the inner wall of the pipe 8.

[0065] Specifically, two storage boxes 2 are fixedly installed on the top of the frame 1. (The storage box 2 is provided with two chambers, one seed bin and one feed bin. The above is a prior art and will not be elaborated on here.) The top of the two storage boxes 2 is clamped and installed with end covers. The bottom of the storage box 2 is symmetrically installed with electric valves (the opening is adjusted by the PLC control system in conjunction with the vehicle driving speed to achieve precise control of the sowing amount. This is a prior art, such as Figure 2 As shown, no further explanation is given here), a pipe 8 is installed at the bottom of the electric valve, and a support wheel 3 is symmetrically connected to the outside of the frame 1 for rotation. The support wheel 3 is composed of a roller and a tire, wherein the roller and the frame 1 are rotatably connected, the tire is arranged on the outside of the roller and the outside of the tire is provided with an anti-skid pattern (increasing friction with the ground and improving driving stability. The above belongs to the prior art and is not explained in detail here). A lifting frame 4 is sleeved on the outside of the frame 1, and the lifting frame 4 is composed of a rectangular frame and a spring rod, wherein the rectangular frame is sleeved on the outside of the frame 1, and the two ends of the spring rod are respectively connected to the positioning frame 5 and the rectangular frame, and the bottom end of the inner wall of the rectangular frame is connected with a bolt through a thread, and the rectangular frame is squeezed and fixed by the bolt, and the interior of the positioning frame 5 is rotatably connected with a mounting shaft 6 through a shaft sleeve, and one end of the mounting shaft 6 is fixedly installed with a cutting wheel 7 ( Figure 1 As shown), a speed change structure is welded to one end of the positioning frame 5, a fan blade 10 is fixedly installed at one end of the speed change structure, a diversion structure is installed at one end of the speed change structure at the outer side of the fan blade 10, a connecting pipe 12 is installed inside the diversion structure, an annular jet structure is installed at one end of the connecting pipe 12, and the annular jet structure is located at the bottom end of the inner wall of the pipe 8, and an annular swirl jet structure is connected to one end of the diversion structure, and the annular swirl jet structure is located at the top end of the inner wall of the pipe 8.

[0066] like Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, since the rotation speed of the fan blade 10 is adjusted by the speed change structure, it is necessary to use the variable difference to make the fan blade 10 rotate quickly. For this purpose, the speed change structure includes: a driving wheel 91, a driven wheel 92 and a protective cover 93. The driving wheel 91 is connected to the mounting shaft 6 and rotates synchronously with the mounting shaft 6; the driven wheel 92 is connected to the positioning frame 5; the protective cover 93 is connected to the positioning frame 5 and is located on the outside of the driven wheel 92 and the driving wheel 91, and is used to protect the driving wheel 91 and the driven wheel 92.

[0067] When the mounting shaft 6 rotates, the driving wheel 91 is driven to rotate, and when the driving wheel 91 rotates, the driven wheel 92 is driven to rotate rapidly, and when the driven wheel 92 rotates, the fan blades 10 are driven to rotate. At the same time, the protective cover 93 prevents external dust from entering the outside of the driving wheel 91 and the driven wheel 92.

[0068] Specifically, one end of the mounting shaft 6 is located at the outer side of the positioning frame 5 and is equipped with a driving wheel 91 through a key. The outer side of the driving wheel 91 is meshed with a driven wheel 92. The driven wheel 92 and the positioning frame 5 are rotatably connected through a bearing. The outer side of the positioning frame 5 is located at the driven wheel 92 and the outer surface of the driven wheel 92 is connected with a protective cover 93 through a thread. One end of the driven wheel 92 is connected to the fan blade 10 through a round rod, and the round rod passes through the protective cover 93. The driving wheel 91 and the driven wheel 92 are connected through meshing transmission. The diameter of the driving wheel 91 is larger than the diameter of the driven wheel 92 (the diameter of the driving wheel 91 is twice the diameter of the driven wheel 92). The speed of the driven wheel 92 is adjusted by the diameter difference, and the driven wheel 92 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the fan blade 10 and rotates synchronously with the driven wheel 92.

[0069] like Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, since it is necessary to use a diversion structure to divert the gas, but the gas needs to be filtered and accelerated during the diversion process to prevent dust in the gas from entering the outside of the seeds, for this purpose, the diversion structure includes: an air intake hood 111, a filter screen 112, a venturi tube 113, a guide pipe 114 and a diversion pipe 115; the air intake hood 111 is connected to the protective cover 93; the filter screen 112 is detachably connected to the air inlet of the air intake hood 111 to filter the gas entering the air intake hood 111; the venturi tube 113 is connected to one end of the air intake hood 111 to accelerate the gas through the contraction section; the two ends of the guide pipe 114 are respectively connected to the venturi tube 113 and the annular swirl jet structure for conveying the accelerated gas; the two ends of the diversion pipe 115 are respectively connected to the air intake hood 111 and the annular jet structure, and the outer diameter of the diversion pipe 115 is smaller than the inner diameter of the guide pipe 114.

[0070] As the fan blades 10 rotate, they drive the gas to flow, causing the gas to enter the air intake hood 111 and be filtered along the filter mesh 112 inside the air intake hood 111. The filtered gas enters the venturi tube 113, is accelerated through the throat end of the venturi tube 113, and finally enters the guide tube 114. At this time, part of the accelerated gas flows along the diversion tube 115.

[0071] Specifically, one end of the protective cover 93 is located on the outside of the fan blade 10 and is fixedly installed with an air intake cover 111. A column is welded to one end of the air intake cover 111. The air intake cover 111 and the protective cover 93 are connected by the column, and the column and the protective cover 93 are connected by a pin shaft. The air intake cover 111 is composed of a conical cover and a curved pipe, wherein a filter screen 112 is installed inside the curved pipe by screws, and one end of the curved pipe of the air intake cover 111 is connected to a venturi tube 113 by a thread, and one end of the venturi tube 113 is connected to a guide pipe 114 by a thread, and a diverter pipe 115 is installed inside the guide pipe 114. The diverter pipe 115 and the connecting pipe 12 are fixedly connected. The guide pipe 114 and the connecting pipe 12 are flexible plastic pipes, and the pipeline 8 is a plastic pipe.

[0072] like Figure 4 、 Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, the annular jet structure forms a horizontal air curtain at the bottom end of the inner wall of the pipe 8. However, due to the uneven sizes of the planted seeds, it is necessary to change the inclination angle of the horizontal air curtain so that the gas is blown upward, thereby increasing the upward thrust on the seeds and reducing the descending speed of the seeds. To this end, the annular jet structure includes: an annular pipe 131, a hose 132, an air jet head 133, a support arm 134, a lifting ring 135 and a rubber pad 136. The annular pipe 131 is connected to the connecting pipe 12 and is located inside the pipe 8. The hose 132 is connected to the annular tube 131; the nozzle 133 is movably connected to the annular tube 131 through the hose 132, and can be rotated at multiple angles through the hose 132; the support arm 134 is movably connected to the nozzle 133; the lifting ring 135 is movably connected to the nozzle 133 through the support arm 134, and is used to support and adjust the angle of the nozzle 133, and to rise and fall axially along the pipeline 8; the rubber pad 136 is provided on the inner wall of the annular tube 131; the clamping groove 137 is provided on the outer side of the lifting ring 135, and is used to clamp with the rubber pad 136.

[0073] When in use, when the lifting ring 135 rises or falls, the engaging groove 137 of the lifting ring 135 is engaged with different rubber pads 136 to form a fixation. Since the lifting ring 135 drives the support arm 134 to move accordingly when it rises or falls, the support arm 134 and the nozzle head 133 are rotatably connected, and a sliding groove is provided at the position of the nozzle head 133 on the support arm 134. When the support arm 134 moves with the lifting ring 135, it will slide relative to each other in the sliding groove, and at the same time push or pull the nozzle head 133 to rotate around the rotating connection point with the support arm 134. Through the above linkage relationship, the up and down movement of the lifting ring 135 can be converted into the angle adjustment of the nozzle head 133.

[0074] Specifically, one end of the connecting pipe 12 is fixedly connected to the annular tube 131, the connecting pipe 12 passes through the pipeline 8, and three rubber pads 136 are equidistantly installed at the bottom end of the inner wall of the connecting pipe 12. The bottom end of the inner wall of the annular tube 131 is slidably connected to the lifting ring 135. Two clamping grooves 137 are provided on the outside of the lifting ring 135. The distance between the two clamping grooves 137 is equal to the distance between the two rubber pads 136. The top of the lifting ring 135 is rotatably connected to the support arm 134 through a rotating shaft. The top of the support arm 134 is rotatably connected to the nozzle head 133 through a rotating shaft. The top of the support arm 134 is located at the outside of the rotating shaft and is provided with a corresponding sliding groove. The nozzle head 133 is rotatably connected between the rotating shaft and the annular tube 131 on both sides. The nozzle head 133 is connected to the end of the annular tube 131 close to the end of the annular tube 131 with a hose 132, and one end of the hose 132 is located inside the annular tube 131

[0075] like Figure 4 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, since the annular swirl jet structure is used to generate a rotating air curtain, the seeds need to be guided and buffered when entering the rotating air curtain to prevent a large impact force between the seeds and the structure. In addition, since air is generated inside the pipe 8, an exhaust structure needs to be set inside the pipe 8 to discharge the gas. To this end, the annular swirl jet structure includes: a positioning ring 141, a spoiler ring 142, an air injection groove 143, a rubber ring 144, an exhaust cover 145 and an exhaust pipe 146; the positioning ring 141 is fixedly connected to the guide pipe 114 is away from one end of the venturi tube 113 and is arranged in a ring inside the pipeline 8 for carrying the swirl component; the spoiler ring 142 is coaxially movably connected to the inner wall of the positioning ring 141 for converting the linear airflow into a rotating airflow; the jet groove 143 is opened circumferentially along the bottom end of the positioning ring 141; the rubber ring 144 is arranged above the positioning ring 141; the exhaust hood 145 is arranged above the rubber ring 144; the exhaust pipe 146 is arranged inside the exhaust hood 145 and passes through the pipeline 8, for directionally discharging the rising gas during the operation of the annular jet structure out of the pipeline 8.

[0076] During use, gas enters the interior of the positioning ring 141 and blows the spoiler ring 142 to rotate. When the spoiler ring 142 rotates, it drives the gas to rotate as well. The rotating gas forms a rotating downward flowing gas inside the pipe 8 along the jet groove 143. The rubber ring 144 installed above the positioning ring 141 reduces the impact force between the seeds and the positioning ring 141, and allows the seeds to enter the middle part of the positioning ring 141. At the same time, the increased gas inside the pipe 8 is discharged from the pipe 8 along the exhaust pipe 146 inside the exhaust hood 145.

[0077] Specifically, one end of the guide tube 114 is fixedly connected to a positioning ring 141, and two elbows are symmetrically installed on the outside of the positioning ring 141. The elbows pass through the pipeline 8 and are clamped and installed inside the guide tube 114. The inner wall of the positioning ring 141 is connected to a spoiler ring 142 ( Figure 6 ), an air jet groove 143 is opened at the bottom end of the inner wall of the positioning ring 141 near the inner wall of the pipe 8, and the angle between the air jet groove 143 and the inner wall of the pipe 8 is thirty degrees. A rubber ring 144 is bonded to the top of the positioning ring 141, and an exhaust cover 145 is bonded to the top of the rubber ring 144. An exhaust pipe 146 is integrally formed inside the exhaust cover 145, and the exhaust pipe 146 passes through the pipe 8.

[0078] Working principle: During actual use of the device, the frame 1 is fixedly connected to the traction vehicle (tractor) through the traction pin, the contact status of the support wheel 3 with the ground is checked, the height of the positioning frame 5 is adjusted by the rectangular frame bolts of the lifting frame 4, so that the ground clearance of the cutting wheel 7 meets the sowing depth requirements, and the lifting height is calibrated by the scale ruler. Then, the end cover of the storage box 2 is opened, and the forage seeds (such as sheep grass and ice grass) are loaded into the seed bin of the storage box 2, and the feed is loaded into the independent feed bin inside the storage box 2. The end cover is closed, and the opening parameters of the electric valve 22 are set through the PLC control system, and the sowing amount is preset according to the seed particle size and the target plant spacing;

[0079] The angle of the horizontal air curtain is adjusted according to the size of the seeds. At this time, the lifting ring 135 rises, so that the engaging groove 137 of the lifting ring 135 engages with different rubber pads 136 to form a fixed engagement. The lifting ring 135 rises and drives the support arm 134 to move accordingly. The support arm 134 and the nozzle head 133 are rotatably connected, and a slide groove is provided at the position of the nozzle head 133 on the support arm 134. When the support arm 134 moves with the lifting ring 135, it will slide relative to the slide groove, and at the same time push or pull the nozzle head 133 to rotate around the rotation connection point with the support arm 134. Through the above linkage relationship, the up and down movement of the lifting ring 135 can be converted into the angle adjustment of the nozzle head 133.

[0080] Next, the traction vehicle starts and travels at a constant speed. The support wheel 3 rotates synchronously by friction with the ground to ensure the smooth movement of the equipment. At the same time, the cutting wheel 7 contacts the ground to generate friction resistance, and rotates around the mounting shaft 6 in the positioning frame 5 to perform trenching on the ground to form a sowing groove with uniform depth. At this time, the mounting shaft 6 rotates with the cutting wheel 7, and the driving wheel 91 of the speed-changing structure is connected by a key to rotate synchronously. The driving wheel 91 drives the driven wheel 92 to rotate at an increased speed through meshing (the diameter ratio of the driving wheel 91 to the driven wheel 92 is 2:1, and the speed of the driven wheel 92 is twice that of the driving wheel 91). The driven wheel 92 drives the fan blades 10 to rotate at high speed via the round rod. The airflow generated by the fan blades 10 enters the air inlet cover 111. After being filtered by the filter screen 112 to remove sand and dust, the mainstream air enters the Venturi tube 113, is accelerated by the contraction section (the airflow velocity is increased to 1.5-2 times the initial velocity), and is then transported to the annular swirl jet structure through the guide pipe 114. The branch air is transported to the annular jet structure through the diverter pipe 115 and the connecting pipe 12. The difference in diameter between the diverter pipe 115 and the guide pipe 114 (the outer diameter of the diverter pipe 115 is smaller than the inner diameter of the guide pipe 114) realizes the distribution of the main and auxiliary airflows.

[0081] After receiving the branch gas, the annular jet structure distributes it to each jet head 133 through the annular pipe 131. The jet head 133 is adjusted to a horizontal angle via the hose 132 and sprays along the inner wall of the pipe 8 to form a "horizontal air cushion" 0.5 to 1 mm thick. This can increase the descent resistance of the seeds and reduce the descent speed of the seeds. After the annular swirl jet structure receives the mainstream gas, the airflow impacts the spoiler ring 142, driving the spoiler ring 142 to rotate, causing the airflow to transform into a spiral form. The airflow is sprayed through the jet slot 143 (at a 30° angle with the pipe wall) to form a "rotating air curtain", which confines the seeds near the central axis of the pipe 8. Under the action of gravity, the seeds in the storage box 2 enter the pipe 8 through the electric valve 22. During the descent process, the rotating air curtain reduces the lateral swing of the seeds through centrifugal force, reducing the probability of collision. The horizontal air cushion increases resistance and reduces the descent speed of the seeds. At the same time, excess gas in the pipe 8 is discharged through the exhaust pipe 146 of the exhaust hood 145, maintaining a stable environment inside the pipe 8.

[0082] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same.

Claims

1. An ecological grassland vegetation restoration and reseeding machine, characterized in that: include: A frame (1) serving as the overall framework of the overseeding machine; A storage box (2), connected to the upper portion of the frame (1), for storing seeds and feed; Support wheels (3), connected to both sides of the frame (1), supporting the frame (1) and assisting it in moving along the ground; A lifting frame (4) connected to the frame (1); A positioning frame (5) connected to the frame (1) via the lifting frame (4); A mounting shaft (6) connected to the positioning frame (5); A cutting wheel (7) is connected to the positioning frame (5) via the mounting shaft (6) and rotates synchronously with the mounting shaft (6); A pipe (8) is connected to the bottom of the storage box (2) and is used for dropping and transporting seeds; Seed Guard Kit includes: A speed change structure connected to the mounting shaft (6); The speed change structure includes: A driving wheel (91) is connected to the mounting shaft (6) and rotates synchronously with the mounting shaft (6); A driven wheel (92) connected to the positioning frame (5); A protective cover (93) is connected to the positioning frame (5) and is located outside the driven wheel (92) and the driving wheel (91), and is used to protect the driving wheel (91) and the driven wheel (92); A fan blade (10) connected to the speed change structure; A flow-dividing structure is provided at the air outlet end of the fan blade (10) and is connected to the outer side of the speed-changing structure; a connecting pipe (12) has one end connected to the flow-dividing structure; The diversion structure includes: An air intake cover (111) connected to the protective cover (93); A venturi tube (113) is connected to one end of the air inlet hood (111) and accelerates the gas through a contraction section; A flow guide tube (114), with two ends respectively connected to the Venturi tube (113) and the annular swirl jet structure, for conveying the accelerated gas; A diverter pipe (115), both ends of which are connected to the air inlet cover (111) and the annular jet structure, respectively; the outer diameter of the diverter pipe (115) is smaller than the inner diameter of the guide pipe (114); An annular jet structure is connected to the other end of the connecting pipe (12) and jets air horizontally along the inner wall of the pipe (8); The annular jet structure includes: an annular tube (131), connected to the connecting tube (12) and located inside the pipeline (8); A hose (132) connected to the annular tube (131); The spray head (133) is movably connected at multiple angles via a hose (132); an annular swirl jet structure connected to the diversion structure and jetting downward in a spiral along the inner wall of the pipe (8); The annular swirl jet structure includes: A positioning ring (141) is fixedly connected to one end of the flow guide tube (114) away from the venturi tube (113), and is arranged inside the pipeline (8) for carrying the swirl component; A spoiler ring (142) is coaxially movably connected to the inner side wall of the positioning ring (141) and is used to convert the linear airflow into a rotating airflow; When the cutting wheel (7) rotates, the speed change structure is driven by the mounting shaft (6) to drive the fan blade (10) to rotate, and the gas generated by the fan blade (10) is respectively introduced into the annular jet structure and the annular swirl jet structure through the connecting pipe (12) and the diversion structure.

2. The ecological grassland vegetation restoration and reseeding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diversion structure further includes: The filter screen (112) is detachably connected to the air inlet of the air inlet hood (111) to filter the gas entering the air inlet hood (111).

3. The ecological grassland vegetation restoration and reseeding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular jet structure also includes: A support arm (134) movably connected to the spray head (133); A lifting ring (135) is movably connected to the nozzle (133) through the support arm (134), and is used to support and adjust the angle of the nozzle (133), and to lift and lower along the axial direction of the pipe (8); A rubber pad (136) is provided on the inner wall of the annular tube (131); A clamping groove (137) is provided on the outside of the lifting ring (135) and is used for clamping with the rubber pad (136).

4. The ecological grassland vegetation restoration and reseeding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular swirl jet structure also includes: An air-jet groove (143) is provided along the circumference of the bottom end of the positioning ring (141); A rubber ring (144) is provided above the positioning ring (141); An exhaust hood (145) is provided above the rubber ring (144); An exhaust pipe (146) is arranged inside the exhaust cover (145) and passes through the pipeline (8), and is used to directionally discharge the gas rising during the operation of the annular jet structure out of the pipeline (8).

5. The ecological grassland vegetation restoration and reseeding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving wheel (91) and the driven wheel (92) are connected via meshing transmission; the diameter of the driving wheel (91) is larger than that of the driven wheel (92), and the speed of the driven wheel (92) is adjusted by the diameter difference, and the driven wheel (92) is coaxially fixedly connected to the fan blade (10) and rotates synchronously with the driven wheel (92).

6. The ecological grassland vegetation restoration and reseeding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting frame (4) is composed of a rectangular frame and a spring rod, wherein the rectangular frame is sleeved on the outside of the frame (1), and the two ends of the spring rod are respectively connected to the positioning frame (5) and the rectangular frame.

7. The ecological grassland vegetation restoration and reseeding machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The guide pipe (114) and the connecting pipe (12) are flexible plastic pipes, the pipeline (8) is a plastic pipe, one end of the air intake cover (111) is welded with a column, and the air intake cover (111) and the protective cover (93) are connected via the column.

8. The ecological grassland vegetation restoration and reseeding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support wheel (3) is composed of a roller and a tire, wherein the roller and the frame (1) are rotatably connected, the tire is arranged on the outside of the roller and anti-skid grooves are provided on the outside of the tire.

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