Method for cultivating chimonanthus praecox lollipop tree form

Abstract

The invention discloses a cultivation method for a chimonanthus praecox lollipop tree shape. The cultivation method comprises the following steps: S1, grafting an improved variety; s2, independent trunk cultivation; s3, transplanting and trunk fixing; s4, cultivating main skeleton branches; s5, flowering branch cultivation; s6, pruning after flowering. The cultivation method has the advantages of being short in production period, low in cost, convenient to operate, simple and convenient to prune, manage and protect in the later period, novel in product, high in ornamental value and economic value and the like, and has extremely high application and popularization value. By means of the method, the tree form can be well controlled, the tree form which is single in trunk, complex in flower, small, exquisite, compact, strong in flower feeling and convenient to appreciate and operate is formed, and the tree form can be cultivated in fields or potted plants, is suitable for planting in courtyards, terraces and balconies and is also suitable for greening in parks and roads.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of wintersweet cultivation, in particular to a method for cultivating a lollipop-shaped wintersweet. Background Art

[0002] Wintersweet is a plant of the genus Wintersweet in the family Chimonaceae. It has lush branches and leaves, strong growth and branching ability, and its flowers bloom in the cold winter with rich fragrance and unique grace, adding vitality and vigor to winter gardens and interior decorations where there are few flowers.

[0003] Wintersweet is widely cultivated in my country with a long history, but since ancient times it has mainly been dominated by multi-stem clumping plants with scattered plant shapes and occupying a large area; the single-stem or multi-stem tree-like wintersweet that has been popular in recent years has a high stem height, slow growth of the main trunk and flowering branches, a long shaping time, difficulty in cutting cut flowers or shaping and pruning, and generally poor varieties (small flowers, light color, and light fragrance), resulting in low ornamental value of wintersweet, poor viewing effect at close range, and difficulty in planting or displaying in home courtyards, terraces, etc., which cannot meet the current public's demand for new, excellent and special products.

[0004] Therefore, developing a relatively small and exquisite lollipop tree shape of wintersweet that is simple to cultivate, prune and maintain can not only enrich the types of wintersweet products, enhance the novelty and ornamental value of the products, and improve the product value and price, but also help expand the application scope of wintersweet and promote the development, growth and sustainable development of the wintersweet industry. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a method for cultivating lollipop-shaped wintersweet trees.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A method for cultivating a lollipop-shaped wintersweet tree comprises the following steps:

[0008] S1. Improved Grafting

[0009] The rootstock should be a 3-year-old or older, healthy wintersweet seedling with a ground diameter of ≥1.2 cm. The strongest branch should be retained for low-position grafting in late autumn or early spring, and the remaining branches should be cut off from the base.

[0010] S2. Independent trunk cultivation

[0011] In the spring of the second year, all suckers of the rootstock should be removed in time. When the grafted new branches grow to 15-20 cm, the strongest and most upright branch should be retained as the main trunk for cultivation, and supported by the trunk (bamboo pole).

[0012] S3. Transplantation and Stem Fixation

[0013] Transplant and set the stems after the leaves fall in the winter of the second year. The stem height should be 80-120cm from the ground, and the planting spacing should be 1.5-2.0m×2.0m.

[0014] S4. Main skeleton branch cultivation

[0015] In the third year of growth, select 3-5 new branches with even top distribution, strong growth and outward side growth, and keep them 15-20cm short in early to mid-April as the first-level skeleton branches; similarly, select 3-4 evenly distributed strong branches at the top of each skeleton branch and keep them 20-25cm heavy cut at the end of the year as the second-level skeleton branches, thus forming the main skeleton of the wintersweet lollipop tree with two-level branches;

[0016] S5. Flowering branch cultivation

[0017] Two methods are used: "flowering in the current year" and "flowering in the next year". The former is cultivated by "two consecutive pinchings + hormone regulation", and the latter is cultivated by "branching in one year and flowering in two years".

[0018] S6. Pruning after flowering

[0019] For plants that are cultivated to "bloom in the same year", they are heavily pruned after flowering every year, retaining the main skeleton and removing the remaining branches; for plants that are cultivated to "bloom in the next year", the main skeleton branches are retained and heavily pruned after flowering in the flowering year, and thinned or lightly pruned in the branching year.

[0020] Preferably, the step S1 further comprises cutting the remaining branches at a smooth and flat position 5-7 cm from the ground, and performing low-position grafting of improved varieties in mid-October to mid-November or mid-to-late February.

[0021] Preferably, in step S2, fertilizer and water management is strengthened during the growing season, watering is done once in the early germination stage, watering is done in time when the weather is dry, attention is paid to drainage during the rainy season, and 1% decomposed cake fertilizer or urea fertilizer solution is applied once a month.

[0022] Preferably, in S3, the transplanting and planting requires that the soil ball be as complete as possible.

[0023] Preferably, the step S3 further includes dividing the trunk height into 5 specifications (one specification for every 10 cm), which is determined according to the original plant height. Without special reasons, the height is selected rather than the lower one, and the length of the top of the trunk is ≥5 cm after being cut off.

[0024] Preferably, in step S4, the lower buds of the main trunk are removed in time during the growing season, and when the upper buds grow to 5-10 cm, 3-5 buds are selected and cultivated as primary skeleton branches. When the new branches are 30-40 cm long, 15-20 cm are retained for pruning, and pruning should not be done too early.

[0025] Preferably, the number of primary branches serving as the main skeleton in S4 should be kept odd as much as possible to avoid the tree shape being too rigid, and the branches should be evenly distributed and pulled when necessary.

[0026] Preferably, in step S5, the cultivation method of "flowering in the same year" is: when the buds are 5-8 cm long in spring, 1.5-2.0 L 1000 mg·L -1 PP 333 Shorten the internode distance, and when the branches are 15-20 cm long, keep 10-15 cm and pinch the top twice in a row to control the vegetative growth and promote the flowering branches. Then, when the new buds are about 10 cm long, spray 1000 mg L on the leaves. -1 A mixture of CCC and 3‰ KH2PO4 promotes flower bud formation, creating a small, compact tree that blooms every year. The cultivation method for "flowering next year" is to strengthen water and fertilizer management during the branching year. In spring, when the buds are 5-8cm long, apply 1.5-2.0L of 1000mg·L per root. -1 PP 333 , and then let the branches grow, forming 30-40 long branches in the same year, and prune away the short and medium-sized branches, weak branches, overlapping branches, cross branches, diseased and insect-infested branches, and overcrowded branches that have already bloomed at the end of December and early January. In the flowering year, normal water and fertilizer management is carried out, and short and medium-sized flowering branches are grown on the long branches. By the end of the year, a flowering lollipop tree with dense flowers, a large and compact crown, and a highly ornamental appearance can be formed.

[0027] Preferably, step S5 further comprises: applying 3-5 kg ​​of decomposed pig manure, chicken manure, cattle and sheep manure to each plant in strips or rings from the winter of the previous year to before germination, with the fertilization depth of 15-20 cm, followed by filling with soil and covering, and watering once during germination; from March to June, applying 1% N-P2O5-K2O (30-20-10) nitrogen-based compound fertilizer once a month; from July to October, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are mainly used for flowering plants in the current year, and 1% N-P2O5-K2O (10-20-20) compound liquid fertilizer is applied once a month, and 1% N-P2O5-K2O (20-15-15) compound liquid fertilizer is applied once a month for flowering plants in the next year; and "3‰ humic acid + 2‰ potassium dihydrogen phosphate" mixed liquid fertilizer is applied once in early to mid-November.

[0028] Preferably, in step S6, the pruning time is performed in winter after flowering, and when removing flowering branches, about 1 cm of the base is retained and then all are cut off.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:

[0030] (1) The present invention is easy to operate and manage under the action of comprehensive technical measures such as precise water and fertilizer management, low-position grafting, hormone regulation, and shaping and pruning techniques, forming a lollipop tree shape of "thick upright trunk + primary and secondary main skeleton branches + spherical or ellipsoidal flowering branch groups", making the plant more delicate and compact, the whole plant's flower feeling more intense, and the ornamental value and product price increased exponentially;

[0031] (2) The present invention limits the minimum ground diameter grafting to ensure that an independent and strong trunk is formed in one year; adopts the precise fertilization measures of "burying organic fertilizer + topdressing with different formulas at different times" and the qualitative and quantitative pinching and pruning technology to ensure that strong primary and secondary main skeleton branches are cultivated one year after the trunk is fixed; by applying different types and concentrations of PP at different times, 333 , CCC, KH2PO4, etc. After the main skeleton branches are formed, in 1-2 years, a compact, plump plant with dense flowering or a more open plant with dense flowering and abundant flowers will be formed. Thus, the lollipop shape of the wintersweet tree will be formed quickly in 3-4 years after grafting, shortening the formation time by 1-3 years compared to conventional methods.

[0032] (3) The present invention retains the main skeleton branches and can be cultivated in two lollipop flowering tree shapes after heavy pruning to flexibly adapt to market or customer needs and avoid product oversupply. At the same time, the lollipop tree shape "flowering next year" cultivation method is also very suitable for cut flower production. It can effectively increase ventilation and light conditions, more effectively utilize space, increase cut flower yield by about 20%, improve uniformity and consistency, increase quality rate and commodity rate by 10-20%, and significantly improve the value of the tree shape. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 This is a production site diagram of the tree-shaped and cut-flower dual-purpose lollipop of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a long branch diagram formed in the first year of the "blooming next year" lollipop tree shape of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a group of pictures showing flowering branches formed in the second year of the "flowering next year" lollipop tree shape of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a picture of a lollipop tree-shaped flowering plant of the present invention that "blooms in the same year";

[0037] Figure 5 This is the "blooming in the same year" lollipop tree growth diagram of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 This is a lollipop tree diagram of different fixed stem heights of the present invention;

[0039] Among them, the fixed trunk heights are A: 0.8m; B: 0.9m; C: 1.0m; D: 1.1m; E: 1.2m;

[0040] Figure 7 This is a scene diagram of the large-scale production of tree-shaped lollipops of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 8 This is a tree diagram of the traditional clumping wintersweet of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] The present invention discloses a method for cultivating a lollipop tree of wintersweet, comprising the following steps:

[0044] S1. Improved Grafting

[0045] Choose a robust wintersweet seedling that is three years old or older as the rootstock. Keep the strongest branch with a ground diameter of 1.2 cm or more. Cut off all other branches from the base. Then, cut the remaining branch flat at a smooth and flat point 5-7 cm above the ground. Perform the improved low-position grafting between mid-October and mid-November or mid-to-late February. This grafting method can improve the healing of the grafted site, reduce the number of rootstock buds removed (labor costs), and reduce the chance of wind breakage.

[0046] S2. Independent trunk cultivation

[0047] During the second growing season, strengthen fertilization and water management. Water thoroughly once during the early spring bud break. Rehydrate promptly during dry weather and ensure drainage during the rainy season. Apply 1% composted cake fertilizer or urea solution monthly to promote budding and the formation of upright, strong branches. Be sure to promptly remove suckers and buds from the rootstock. When the grafted branches grow to 15-20 cm, retain the strongest, upright branch as the main trunk. Support and tie it with bamboo poles or the trunk to ensure the trunk remains upright and is protected from windbreaks. Remove all other branches.

[0048] S3. Transplantation and Stem Fixation

[0049] After the leaves fall in the winter of the second year, transplant and set the trunk. Cut the top of the trunk ≥ 5cm (which is conducive to promoting strong branches. If it is too short, the branching force and branching force are weak, which is not conducive to the cultivation of main skeleton branches in the future). The height of the trunk is 80-120cm from the ground, determined according to the plant height. Without special reasons, it is better to be higher than lower. The higher the trunk, the lollipop tree shape cultivated in the future will generally be fuller, but not more than 120cm. Too high is not conducive to people's close viewing and seriously affects the growth rate of the branches above. The cultivation time of the lollipop main skeleton branches and flowering branches will be greatly prolonged. At the same time, according to the height of the trunk, every 10cm is one specification, that is, there are 5 specifications of 80±3cm, 90±3cm, 100±3cm, 110±3cm, and 120±3cm; the planting row spacing is 1.5-2.0m×2.0m, and the same specifications are planted together. When lifting the seedlings, it is required to bring the soil ball as complete as possible to avoid affecting the later growth.

[0050] S4. Main skeleton branch cultivation

[0051] In the third year of the growing season, remove the lower buds of the trunk in time. When the upper buds grow to 5-10 cm, select 3-5 buds that are evenly distributed, strong, and grow laterally outward as the first-level skeleton branches for cultivation. When the new branches are 30-40 cm long in early to mid-April, retain 15-20 cm short cuts. Do not cut too early, otherwise the skeleton branches will be too thin, which will seriously affect the cultivation of flowering branches next year. It is easy to make the flowering branches even thinner (short and thin branches) and affect the tree shape formation and flowering quality and effect.

[0052] Same as above, select 3-4 evenly distributed strong branches at the top of the first-level skeleton branches as the second-level skeleton branches for cultivation, let them grow, and after the leaves fall in late December and early January, retain the second-level skeleton branches 20-25cm long and re-prune them, so as to form a lollipop tree-shaped main skeleton with two-level branches. When selecting the main skeleton branches, try to keep an odd number of first-level branches to avoid the tree shape being too rigid (the leaf buds of wintersweet are opposite to each other, which easily forms a strictly symmetrical rigid branch shape), and they should be evenly distributed, and branches should be pulled when necessary;

[0053] S5: Flowering branch cultivation

[0054] There are two ways to cultivate flowering branches: "flowering in the current year" and "flowering in the next year":

[0055] ① "Same-year flowering" cultivation: The plant has a small crown, blooms every year, has thin flowering branches, and a small total number of flowers. It is suitable for potted indoor viewing or small space planting. The cultivation method is to apply 1.5-2.0L of 1000mg·L evenly around the root of each plant when the buds are 5-8cm long in spring. -1 PP 333, control the growth of branches and shorten the internodes; when the branches are 15-20 cm long, keep 10-15 cm and pinch the tops twice in a row to promote branching and slow down the growth momentum of nutrition. Then, when the new buds are about 10 cm long, spray 1000 mg·L on the leaves. - 1 CCC+3‰KH2PO4 mixture is used to promote the formation of flower buds. At the end of the year, when the flower buds are blooming, the tops of all branches that have not formed flower buds are pruned off. When pruning, the top of the lollipop tree is roughly ellipsoidal or spherical. For the sake of aesthetics, a small amount of branches with flower buds can be pruned off appropriately to form a compact flowering lollipop tree shape.

[0056] ② "Flowering Next Year" Cultivation: The plant has a large and compact crown, blooms once every two years, has thick branches, and has a large number of flowers. If the plant is not sold, it can be cut into high-quality cut flowers and sold. It is suitable for large potted ornamental plants or landscaping. The cultivation method is to strengthen water and fertilizer management in the branching year. In the spring, when the buds are 5-8cm long, 1.5-2.0L of 1000mg·L should be evenly irrigated around the base of each plant. - 1 PP 333 , and then let the branches grow, forming 30-40 long branches in the year, basically no flowers or a small number of flowers. At the end of December and the beginning of January, prune away the short and medium branches, weak branches, overlapping branches, cross branches, diseased and insect-infested branches, and overly dense branches that have already bloomed. In the next year, normal water and fertilizer management is carried out, and short and medium flowering branches are grown on the long branches. By the end of the year, a flowering lollipop tree with dense flowers, a large crown, and a highly ornamental appearance can be formed.

[0057] Supporting water and fertilizer management: After winter pruning in the previous year and before germination, apply 3-5kg of decomposed pig manure, chicken manure, cattle and sheep manure, etc. to each plant in strips or rings. Apply less pig and chicken manure and more cattle and sheep manure. The fertilizer depth is 10-20cm, then fill with soil and cover. Water thoroughly once when germination occurs. From March to June, apply 1% N-P2O5-K2O (30-20-10) nitrogen-based compound fertilizer once a month. From July to October, the flowering plants of the same year should be added. With phosphorus and potassium fertilizers as the main fertilizers, apply 1% N-P2O5-K2O (10-20-20) compound liquid fertilizer once a month to promote flower bud formation and healthy plant growth. For flowering plants next year, apply 1% N-P2O5-K2O (20-15-15) compound liquid fertilizer once a month. Apply a "3‰ humic acid + 2‰ potassium dihydrogen phosphate" mixed liquid fertilizer once in early to mid-November to improve the utilization rate of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers and the plant's cold resistance and other stress resistance capabilities.

[0058] S6. Pruning after flowering

[0059] Plants that "bloom in the same year" are pruned after flowering each year, retaining the main skeleton and removing all other branches. Flowering branches are cultivated in the same way the following year. Plants that "bloom next year" are pruned after flowering every two years, retaining the main skeleton branches and then re-pruning them. They are then cultivated according to the "one year branching, two years flowering" method. When removing flowering branches, retain about 1 cm from the base and then cut off all of them. This ensures that after spring budding, the buds are better selected and retained evenly and in the correct orientation, effectively reducing the branch pulling process. At the same time, the skeleton branches are slowly lengthened, which is conducive to the formation of an ancient, ornamental, and gradually expanding main skeleton structure, better meeting the plant's needs for growth and crown expansion, and forming a tree with higher ornamental and economic value.

[0060] In summary, the lollipop tree shape of wintersweet can be cultivated through measures such as grafting of good varieties, shaping and pruning, fertilizer and water management, and hormone regulation. After the main skeleton is formed, the plant cultivation method can be flexibly changed to "flowering in the same year" or "flowering in the next year".

[0061] Example 1:

[0062] On February 20, 2015, three-year-old healthy and sturdy wintersweet seedlings with a ground diameter of 1.2-1.5 cm were selected as rootstocks. The base was kept 5-7 cm flat and low-position grafting was performed on high-quality varieties such as 'Guasihong', 'Baochun' and 'Xingfu Huaxiang'. Pay attention to timely eradication of buds or suckers on the rootstock. When the grafted new branches grow to 15-20 cm, retain the strongest and most upright branch as an independent trunk for cultivation, and use bamboo poles or tree trunks to support it to ensure that the trunk is upright or not broken by the wind. All other branches are removed. Strengthen fertilizer and water management during the growing season, apply 1% decomposed cake fertilizer or urea fertilizer solution once a month, water thoroughly once at the early stage of germination, replenish water in time when the weather is dry, and pay attention to drainage during the rainy season; transplant and plant with soil balls after the leaves fall in winter, with a row spacing of 2.0m×2.0m, plant the same specifications together, and set the stems in three specifications with set stem heights of 80±3cm, 100±3cm, and 120±3cm.

[0063] During the 2016 growing season, remove the lower buds of the main trunk promptly. When the upper buds grow to 5-10 cm, select 3-5 evenly distributed, strong, and laterally outward-growing buds as primary skeleton branches. When the new branches are 30-40 cm long in early to mid-April, retain 15-20 cm of the top. Similarly, select 3-4 evenly distributed strong branches at the top of each skeleton branch as secondary skeleton branches and allow them to grow. After the leaves fall in late December or early January, keep the secondary skeleton branches at 20-25 cm in length and prune them, thus forming a lollipop-shaped main skeleton of the wintersweet with two levels of branches.

[0064] In the spring of 2017, when the buds are 5-8 cm long, apply 1.5-2.0 L of 1000 mg·L evenly around the roots of each plant. -1 PP 333, appropriately control the growth of branches, shorten the internode length, and then let it grow freely. During this period, after pruning in the winter of the previous year, apply 3-5kg of well-rotted pig manure, chicken manure, cattle and sheep manure, etc. to each plant in strips or rings, with a fertilizer depth of 20cm. Water thoroughly once when germination occurs. Apply 1% N-P2O5-K2O (30-20-10) mixed fertilizer once a month from March to June, and 1% N-P2O5-K2O (20-15-15) compound liquid fertilizer once a month from July to October. Apply "3‰ humic acid + 2‰ potassium dihydrogen phosphate" mixed liquid fertilizer once in early to mid-November.

[0065] Normal maintenance and management in 2018, except for applying 1% N-P2O5-K2O (10-20-20) compound liquid fertilizer once a month from July to October to promote flower bud formation, the rest of the fertilization is the same as the previous year; at the end of the year when the flower buds are coloring, the tops of all branches that have not formed flower buds are pruned off. When pruning, the top of the lollipop is roughly ellipsoidal or spherical. For the sake of aesthetics, a small number of branches with flower buds can be properly pruned off to form a lollipop tree shape with a more spread out plant, dense flowering, large number of flowers, and excellent ornamental value.

[0066] After the lollipop tree shape is formed, it can be sold. If you do not plan to sell it, you can cut the flowers and sell them during the flowering period. Prune after the flowers. When removing the flowering branches, keep about 1 cm from the base and then cut them all off. This is beneficial to ensure that after the spring sprouts, the buds are better selected to be evenly retained and in the correct direction, effectively reducing the branch pulling process. At the same time, the secondary skeleton branches slowly grow longer, forming an old and simple, ornamental, and gradually expanding outward main skeleton structure, forming a tree shape with higher ornamental value and economic value.

[0067] Compared with the production effect of existing traditional clumping plants, the technical advantages of the present invention in Example 1 are obvious. The price of the seedlings when they are formed is 2-4 times that of traditional plants of the same age, and the area occupied is only 50-70% of that of traditional plants of the same age. The annual value-added of the plants is 25-30% higher than that of traditional plants due to their year-on-year growth. The per-acre yield of cut flowers increases by nearly 1,000 branches, and the average total income per acre is 5-8 times that of traditional production, with extremely high economic benefits.

[0068] Example 2:

[0069] On February 19, 2018, we selected four-year-old robust wintersweet seedlings with a ground diameter of 1.5-2.0 cm as rootstocks. We retained a 6-7 cm cut and performed low-position grafting of improved varieties (such as Happy Flower Fragrance, Joyful, Golden Sunshine, and Missing). After grafting, we promptly removed any sprouts or suckers from the rootstock. When the grafted new branches grew to 15-20 cm, we selected the strongest, most upright branch as an independent trunk for cultivation and supported it with bamboo poles or tree trunks. During the growing season, we strengthened fertilizer and water management, applying 1% compost cake fertilizer or urea liquid fertilizer once a month. We irrigated thoroughly once during the initial budding period. We replenished water in dry weather and paid attention to drainage during the rainy season. After the leaves fell in winter, we transplanted the plants with soil balls, with a spacing of 1.5 m × 2.0 m between rows and plants. We also set the trunk height to 100 ± 3 cm, 110 ± 3 cm, and 120 ± 3 cm.

[0070] During the growing season of 2019, remove the buds at the bottom of the trunk in time. When the upper buds grow to 5-10 cm, select 3-5 evenly distributed, strong, and laterally outward-growing buds as the first-level skeleton branches for cultivation. When the new branches are 30-40 cm long in early to mid-April, retain 15-20 cm of the top. Similarly, select 3-4 evenly distributed strong branches at the top of each skeleton branch as the second-level skeleton branches for cultivation. Allow them to grow. After the leaves fall at the end of the year, retain the second-level skeleton branches and prune them to 20-25 cm in length, thus forming a lollipop-shaped main skeleton of the wintersweet with two levels of branches.

[0071] In the spring of 2020, when the buds are 5-8 cm long, apply 1.5-2.0 liters of 1000 mg·L evenly around the roots of each plant. -1 PP 333 , control the growth of branches, shorten the internodes, and when the new branches are 15-20 cm long, keep 10-15 cm and do 2 consecutive pinching. Then, when the new shoots are about 10 cm long, spray 1000 mg·L on the leaves. -1 A CCC + 3‰ KH2PO4 mixture promotes flower bud formation. Prune all branches without buds at the end of the year, when the buds are blooming. When pruning, consider the lollipop's top to be roughly ellipsoidal or spherical. For aesthetic reasons, a small number of branches with buds can be appropriately pruned to form a compact, flowering lollipop-shaped tree. During this period, after winter pruning in the previous year, apply 3-5kg of well-rotted pig manure, chicken manure, cattle and sheep manure, etc. to a depth of 20cm per plant. Water thoroughly once when buds sprout. Apply a 1% N-P2O5-K2O (30-20-10) mixed fertilizer once a month from March to June, and a 1% N-P2O5-K2O (20-15-15) compound liquid fertilizer once a month from July to October. Apply a "3‰ humic acid + 2‰ potassium dihydrogen phosphate" mixed liquid fertilizer once in early to mid-November.

[0072] After the lollipop tree shape is formed, it can be sold. If you do not plan to sell or have not sold all the products, keep the first and second level skeleton branches and heavily prune them after flowering. When removing flowering branches, keep about 1 cm from the base and then cut them all off. Next year, apply pesticides, fertilize, pinch twice, and maintain the same as last year. By the end of the year, a tree shape with higher ornamental and economic value will be formed.

[0073] Compared with the popular wintersweet (fixed trunk height > 1.2m) in recent years, the trunks of plants of the same age grown under the technology of the present invention in Example 2 are straighter, the trunks are thicker and the plants grow faster, the forming time is shortened by 2-3 years or more, the price of finished seedlings of the same age is 1.5-2 times that of the wintersweet, and the per mu output value is 2-3 times that of the wintersweet. Wintersweet plants that are more in line with public demand and have higher added value can be cultivated more quickly.

[0074] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the technical scope of the present invention. Therefore, any minor modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for cultivating a lollipop tree of wintersweet, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Grafting of improved varieties The rootstock should be a 3-year-old or older, healthy wintersweet seedling with a ground diameter of ≥1.2 cm. The strongest branch should be retained for low-position grafting in late autumn or early spring, and the remaining branches should be cut off from the base. S2. Independent trunk cultivation In the spring of the second year, all suckers of the rootstock should be removed in time. When the grafted new branches grow to 15-20 cm, the strongest and most upright branch should be retained as the main trunk for cultivation, and supported by the trunk (bamboo pole). S3. Transplantation and Stem Fixation Transplant and set the stems after the leaves fall in the winter of the second year. The stem height should be 80-120cm from the ground, and the planting spacing should be 1.5-2.0m×2.0m. S4. Main skeleton branch cultivation In the third year of growth, select 3-5 new branches with even top distribution, strong growth and outward side growth, and keep them 15-20cm short in early to mid-April as the first-level skeleton branches; similarly, select 3-4 evenly distributed strong branches at the top of each skeleton branch and keep them 20-25cm heavy cut at the end of the year as the second-level skeleton branches, thus forming the main skeleton of the wintersweet lollipop tree with two-level branches; S5. Flowering branch cultivation Two methods are used: "flowering in the current year" and "flowering in the next year". The former is cultivated by "two consecutive pinchings + hormone regulation", while the latter is cultivated by "branching in one year and flowering in two years". S6. Pruning after flowering For plants that are cultivated to "bloom in the same year", they are heavily pruned after flowering every year, retaining the main skeleton and removing the remaining branches; for plants that are cultivated to "bloom next year", the main skeleton branches are retained and heavily pruned after flowering in the flowering year, and thinned or lightly pruned in the branching year.

2. The method for cultivating a lollipop tree shape of a wintersweet according to claim 1, wherein: The step S1 also includes cutting the remaining branches at a smooth and flat position 5-7 cm above the ground, and performing low-position grafting of improved varieties in mid-October to mid-November or mid-to-late February.

3. The method for cultivating a lollipop tree shape of a wintersweet according to claim 1, wherein: In step S2, fertilizer and water management is strengthened during the growing season, watering is done once in the early budding period, watering is done in time when the weather is dry, attention is paid to drainage during the rainy season, and topdressing is done once a month with 1% decomposed cake fertilizer or urea fertilizer solution.

4. The method for cultivating a lollipop tree shape of a wintersweet according to claim 1, wherein: In S3, transplanting and planting requires that the soil ball be as complete as possible.

5. The method for cultivating a lollipop tree shape of a wintersweet according to claim 1, wherein: The step S3 also includes dividing the trunk height into 5 specifications (one specification for every 10 cm), which is determined according to the original plant height. Unless there is a special reason, the height is chosen higher rather than lower. The length of the top of the trunk is ≥5 cm after being cut off.

6. A method for cultivating a lollipop tree shape of wintersweet according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, the lower buds of the main trunk are removed in time during the growing season. When the upper buds grow to 5-10 cm, 3-5 buds are selected and cultivated as primary skeleton branches. When the new branches are 30-40 cm long, 15-20 cm are retained for pruning. Do not prune too early.

7. The method for cultivating a lollipop tree shape of a wintersweet according to claim 1, wherein: The number of primary branches in S4, which serve as the main skeleton, should be kept odd as much as possible to avoid the tree shape being too rigid. They should be evenly distributed and branches should be pulled when necessary.

8. The method for cultivating a lollipop tree shape of wintersweet according to claim 1, wherein: In the step S5, The cultivation method of "flowering in the same year" is: in spring, when the buds are 5-8 cm long, apply 1.5-2.0L of 1000mg·L per root. -1 PP 333 Shorten the internode distance, and when the branches are 15-20 cm long, keep 10-15 cm and pinch the top twice in a row to control the vegetative growth and promote the flowering branches. Then, when the new buds are about 10 cm long, spray 1000 mg L on the leaves. -1 CCC+3‰KH2PO4 mixture promotes flower bud formation, resulting in a small and compact lollipop tree shape that blooms every year; The cultivation method for "flowering next year" is: strengthen water and fertilizer management in the branching year, and apply 1.5-2.0L 1000mg·L per root when the buds are 5-8cm long in spring. -1 PP 333 , and then let the branches grow, forming 30-40 long branches in the same year, and prune away the short and medium-sized branches, weak branches, overlapping branches, cross branches, diseased and insect-infested branches, and overcrowded branches that have already bloomed in late December and early January; in the flowering year, normal water and fertilizer management is carried out, and short and medium-sized flowering branches are grown on the long branches. By the end of the year, a flowering lollipop tree with dense flowers, a large and compact crown, and a highly ornamental appearance can be formed.

9. A method for cultivating a lollipop tree shape of wintersweet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step S5 further includes: applying 3-5 kg ​​of well-rotted pig manure, chicken manure, cattle and sheep manure to each plant in strips or rings from the winter of the previous year to the time of germination, with the fertilizer applied to a depth of 15-20 cm, followed by filling with soil and covering, and watering once during germination; applying once a month a 1% N-P2O5-K2O (30-20-10) nitrogen-based compound fertilizer; applying once a month a 1% N-P2O5-K2O (10-20-20) compound liquid fertilizer for flowering plants in the current year, with phosphorus and potassium fertilizers as the main fertilizers, and applying once a month a 1% N-P2O5-K2O (20-15-15) compound liquid fertilizer for flowering plants in the next year; and applying once a month a "3‰ humic acid + 2‰ potassium dihydrogen phosphate" mixed liquid fertilizer in early to mid-November.

10. The method for cultivating a lollipop tree of Chimonanthus chinensis according to claim 1, wherein: In step S6, the pruning time is to be carried out after flowering in winter. When removing flowering branches, all branches are cut off after retaining about 1 cm of the base.

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