Field dendrobium huoshanense seed fungus direct seeding breeding method

Abstract

The invention provides a field dendrobium huoshanense seed fungus direct seeding breeding method which comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing seeds, symbiotic fungus powder and saw dust, and bagging to obtain seed fungus bags; the mass ratio of the seeds to the symbiotic fungus powder is 1: (5000-10000); the mass ratio of the symbiotic fungus powder to the sawdust is 1: (5-10); soaking the seed fungus bag in water, placing the seed fungus bag on a field attachment, wrapping and fixing the seed fungus bag with a thin film to form a planting area, isolating the thin film from the seed fungus bag through a support, and pricking holes in the thin film; the density of the pricked holes is not more than 2 per square centimeter, and the diameter of the holes is not more than 3mm; after hole pricking is completed, the film is covered with a sunshade object for a period of time and then taken off; and then supplementing water and symbiotic fungus liquid to the planting area according to needs until the seeds germinate and root. According to the field dendrobium huoshanense seed fungus direct sowing breeding method, the germination rate and rooting rate of dendrobium huoshanense seeds in the field are increased, and then the overwintering survival rate is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of seed propagation, and in particular to a method for direct seeding and propagating wild Huoshan dendrobium seeds by fungus. Background Art

[0002] Huoshan Dendrobium seeds are small and have no endosperm. Existing technology uses plant tissue culture to breed seedlings. Most of them are second-generation, third-generation or fourth-generation tissue culture seedlings for batch propagation. However, hormones are usually added during the plant tissue culture breeding process, which leads to mutation and degeneration of the tissue culture seedlings. The first generation has the best quality, but the seed source is limited. The mutation and degeneration of the second, third or fourth generations become more serious, and the quality of the seedlings becomes worse and worse. As a result, the quality of Huoshan Dendrobium circulating in the market is uneven, and the prices vary greatly. Consumers cannot distinguish between good and bad, which affects the future development of the market industry.

[0003] A single Huoshan Dendrobium fruit contains 40,000 to 50,000 seeds. Prior art discloses symbiotic fungi that promote seed germination. Using these fungi, the seeds germinate naturally, achieving a 53% germination rate in a laboratory setting. However, due to various factors in the wild, the germination rate is less than one in a million, and the rooting rate is even lower. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is how to improve the germination rate and rooting rate of Huoshan dendrobium seeds in the wild.

[0005] The present invention solves the above technical problems through the following technical means:

[0006] The present invention provides a method for direct seeding and propagating wild Huoshan Dendrobium seeds with fungi, comprising the following steps:

[0007] A. Selection of outdoor environment

[0008] Select a mountain facing east, southeast or south;

[0009] B. Preparation

[0010] The Huoshan Dendrobium seeds, symbiotic fungus powder and sawdust are mixed evenly and bagged to obtain seed fungus bags, which are then soaked in water. The mass ratio of the seeds to the symbiotic fungus powder is 1:5000-10000; the mass ratio of the symbiotic fungus powder to the sawdust is 1:5-10;

[0011] C. Sowing

[0012] The sowing time is from April to June each year. In April, the seed fungus bag is attached to the attachment of the mountain and wrapped with a film to form a planting area. The film and the seed fungus bag are separated by a support, and holes are punched in the film; the density of the holes is no more than 2 per square centimeter, and the diameter of the holes is no more than 3mm. Then a layer of net is covered on the film, and the net is fixed with stones or branches.

[0013] D. Daily management

[0014] Lighting: When sowing, the density of the attached material should be 0.8-1.0. After sowing, use a shade net or black film to cover the planting area for 7-10 days and then remove it; before the beginning of May of the second year after sowing, trim the density to between 0.6-0.8;

[0015] Humidity: In the first year, water should be added when there is no rain for a week in a row. Watering time should be in the morning and evening. When the new roots of Huoshan Dendrobium grow to more than 1 cm, no watering is required, except in extreme weather. When there is extreme drought for more than one month, water should be added in time.

[0016] Fungus supplement: spray symbiotic fungus liquid once a month;

[0017] Overwintering: Stop replenishing water and symbiotic fungus liquid during October to February of the following year.

[0018] Beneficial effects: The method for direct seeding and propagation of wild Huoshan Dendrobium seeds with fungi of the present invention improves the germination rate and rooting rate of Huoshan Dendrobium seeds in the wild, thereby improving the overwintering survival rate. The present invention sows seeds in attachments with a density greater than 0.8, and the light will not be too strong, which is conducive to seed germination and rooting; after a period of time, after the seeds begin to germinate, the density is trimmed to between 0.6-0.8 to increase light, promote rooting and seedling growth. The present invention covers the planting area with a sunshade net or black film so that the symbiotic fungi can quickly infect the seeds, thereby enabling rapid germination. The present invention is fixed by a net, which can prevent the plastic wrap from being blown away by strong winds and can also keep the planting area ventilated.

[0019] Preferably, the soaking time is 30-50 minutes.

[0020] Beneficial effect: The present invention soaks the seed fungus bag in water for 30-50 minutes, so that the bag absorbs enough water and promotes seed germination.

[0021] Preferably, the symbiotic fungus liquid is a mixture of symbiotic fungus powder and water, wherein the mass ratio of symbiotic fungus powder to water is 1:1000-2000.

[0022] Preferably, the symbiotic fungi include one or more of Serendipita indica SI, Serendipita officinale SO, Tulasnella sp. QYM-1, Tulasnella sp. QYM-2, Tulasnellasp. QYM-3 or Tulasnellasp. QYM-4.

[0023] Preferably, the sawdust is from a non-greasy tree species, the sawdust can pass through a 50-mesh sieve, and the tree species is willow or maple.

[0024] Preferably, the mesh size of the bag is 80-100 meshes.

[0025] Beneficial effect: The present invention uses 80-100 mesh bags to avoid leakage of seeds.

[0026] Preferably, the film is a fresh-keeping film with strong viscosity and toughness.

[0027] Preferably, the support is a tree stump or a stone, and its size does not exceed 2 cm.

[0028] Preferably, the attachment is a stone or a tree trunk.

[0029] Preferably, the trunk is an oak or sandalwood trunk.

[0030] Beneficial Effects: The method for direct seeding of wild Huoshan Dendrobium seeds with fungi of the present invention, by selecting suitable environments and sowing conditions, can shorten the germination time and rooting time, allowing the seedlings ample time to grow and better resisting adverse environmental factors, ushering in a new dawn for the sowing of Huoshan Dendrobium in the wild. The method for direct seeding of wild Huoshan Dendrobium seeds with fungi of the present invention improves the germination rate and rooting rate of Huoshan Dendrobium seeds sown in the field, improves the rooting rate of seedlings after germination, and improves the survival rate of seedlings in drought and wintering. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 This is a physical picture of the planting area in Example 1;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a physical picture of the germination of the Huoshan Dendrobium seeds in Example 1;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a physical picture of the Dendrobium huoshanense seedlings that germinated in Example 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] Unless otherwise specified, the test materials and reagents used in the following examples can be obtained from commercial sources.

[0036] If no specific techniques or conditions are specified in the examples, they can be carried out according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the field or according to the product instructions.

[0037] The symbiotic fungi used in this example are as follows:

[0038]

[0039] Example 1

[0040] This embodiment provides a method for direct seeding and propagating wild Huoshan Dendrobium seeds with fungi, comprising the following steps:

[0041] A. Selection of outdoor environment

[0042] Select a mountain facing southeast.

[0043] B. Preparation

[0044] First, viable, unpolluted, mildew-free, and insect-free Dendrobium huoshanense seeds were selected and mixed with symbiotic fungus powder at a mass ratio of 1:5000 to obtain seed fungus powder; the symbiotic fungus powder was Tulasnellasp.QYM-1 powder. Maple sawdust was then selected and crushed using a grinder to pass through a 50-mesh sieve. The crushed maple sawdust was added to the seed fungus powder at a mass ratio of 1:8, and the mixture was thoroughly mixed. Finally, the mixture was placed in a 100-mesh white breathable bag to obtain a seed fungus bag. Multiple seed fungus bags were then soaked in water for 40 minutes to allow them to absorb moisture.

[0045] C. Sowing

[0046] The sowing time of this embodiment is April. Multiple seed fungus bags are attached to the stones on the mountain. The multiple seed fungus bags are placed at intervals and then wrapped with plastic wrap to form a planting area. Branches or stones are used to separate the seed fungus bags and the plastic wrap. The branches or stones are used to press the edges of the seed fungus bags to prevent the seeds from being pressed, forming a certain space for ventilation. Afterwards, holes are pierced on the plastic wrap with a density of 1 hole per square centimeter and a diameter of 2 mm. Subsequently, a layer of white net is covered on the plastic wrap, and the white net is fixed by stones or branches.

[0047] D. Daily management

[0048] Light: The density of the attached material should be 0.85 when sowing. Use a shade net to cover the planting area for 8 days after sowing and then remove it. Prune the density to 0.7 before the beginning of May of the second year after sowing.

[0049] Humidity: In the first year, water should be added when there is no rain for a week in a row. Watering time should be in the morning and evening. When the new roots of Huoshan Dendrobium grow to more than 1 cm, no watering is required, except in extreme weather. When there is extreme drought for more than one month, water should be added in time.

[0050] Fungal supplementation: spray symbiotic fungus liquid once a month; the symbiotic fungus liquid is a mixture of symbiotic fungus powder and water, wherein the mass ratio of symbiotic fungus powder to water is 1:1000, and the symbiotic fungus powder is powder of Tulasnella sp. QYM-1.

[0051] Overwintering: Stop replenishing water and symbiotic fungus solution during October to February of the following year.

[0052] according to Figure 1 It can be seen that the white breathable bags are seed fungus bags. Multiple seed fungus bags are placed on the stones, wrapped with plastic wrap to form a planting area, covered with a white net, and fixed with stones.

[0053] according to Figure 2 It can be seen that the Huoshan Dendrobium seeds in the seed fungus bag have begun to germinate and take root. Figure 3 It can be seen that after daily management, the Huoshan Dendrobium seeds germinate and take root to a size of more than 1 cm, forming Huoshan Dendrobium seedlings, which can be used for the next planting plan.

[0054] Example 2

[0055] This embodiment provides a method for direct seeding and propagating wild Huoshan Dendrobium seeds with fungi. Compared with Example 1, this embodiment differs in that the symbiotic fungus powder is different, and this embodiment uses powder of Serendipita officinale SO.

[0056] Example 3

[0057] This embodiment provides a method for direct seeding and propagating wild Huoshan Dendrobium seeds with fungi. Compared with Example 1, this embodiment differs in that the symbiotic fungus powder is different. This embodiment uses powder of Serendipita indica SI and powder of Tulasnella sp. QYM-2.

[0058] Example 4

[0059] This embodiment provides a method for direct seeding and propagating wild Huoshan Dendrobium seed fungi. Compared with Example 1, this embodiment differs in that: in S1, the mass ratio of seeds to symbiotic fungus powder is 1:10000; the mass ratio of symbiotic fungus powder to sawdust is 1:10.

[0060] Example 5

[0061] This embodiment provides a method for direct seeding and propagating wild Huoshan Dendrobium seed fungi. Compared with Example 1, this embodiment differs in that: in S1, the mass ratio of seeds to symbiotic fungus powder is 1:8000; the mass ratio of symbiotic fungus powder to sawdust is 1:5.

[0062] Example 6

[0063] This embodiment provides a method for direct seeding and propagating wild Huoshan Dendrobium seed fungi. Compared with Example 1, this embodiment is different in that: in S3, the mass ratio of the symbiotic fungus powder to water is 1:2000.

[0064] Example 7

[0065] This embodiment provides a method for direct seeding and propagating wild Huoshan Dendrobium seed fungi. Compared with Example 1, this embodiment is different in that: in S3, the mass ratio of the symbiotic fungus powder to water is 1:1500.

[0066] Example 8

[0067] This embodiment provides a method for direct seeding and propagating wild Huoshan Dendrobium seed fungi. Compared with Example 1, this embodiment differs in that: in S2, the density of the holes is 2 per square centimeter, and the diameter of the holes is 1 mm.

[0068] Comparative Example 1

[0069] This comparative example provides a method for direct seeding and propagating wild Huoshan Dendrobium seed fungi. Compared with Example 1, this comparative example differs in that: in S1, the mass ratio of symbiotic fungus powder to maple sawdust is 1:4, and all other aspects are the same.

[0070] Comparative Example 2

[0071] This comparative example provides a method for direct seeding and propagating wild Huoshan Dendrobium seed fungi. Compared with Example 1, this comparative example differs in that: in S1, the mass ratio of symbiotic fungus powder to maple sawdust is 1:11, and all other aspects are the same.

[0072] Comparative Example 3

[0073] This comparative example provides a method for direct seeding and propagating wild Huoshan Dendrobium seed fungi. Compared with Example 1, this comparative example differs in that: in S2, the mountain faces north, and all other aspects are the same.

[0074] Comparative Example 4

[0075] This comparative example provides a method for direct seeding and propagating wild Huoshan Dendrobium seed fungi. Compared with Example 1, this comparative example differs in that the density of the holes in S2 is 3 per square centimeter, and all other aspects are the same.

[0076] Comparative Example 5

[0077] This comparative example provides a method for direct seeding and propagating wild Huoshan Dendrobium seed fungi. Compared with Example 1, this comparative example differs in that: in S3, no sunshade net is used for covering, and all other conditions are the same.

[0078] Comparative Example 6

[0079] This comparative example provides a method for direct seeding and propagating wild Huoshan Dendrobium seeds with fungi. Compared with Example 1, this comparative example differs in that: in S3, the symbiotic fungal liquid is no longer supplemented in the later stage, and all other aspects are the same.

[0080] The germination rate, rooting rate, germination-rooting rate, and overwintering survival rate of the wild Huoshan Dendrobium seed propagation methods of the examples and comparative examples were statistically analyzed. Germination rate = number of germinating seeds / number of seeds * 100%; rooting rate = number of rooting seeds / number of seeds * 100%; germination-rooting rate = number of rooting seeds / number of germinating seeds * 100%; overwintering survival rate = number of overwintering surviving seeds / number of germinating seeds * 100%. Specific data are as follows:

[0081] Germination rate Rooting rate germination and rooting rate Overwintering survival rate Example 1 41.00％ 32.00％ 78.05％ 75.61％ Example 2 38.00％ 29.00％ 76.32％ 71.05％ Example 3 36.00％ 28.00％ 77.78％ 72.22％ Example 4 45.00％ 35.00％ 77.78％ 75.56％ Example 5 44.00％ 33.00％ 75.00％ 72.73％ Example 6 41.00％ 28.00％ 68.29％ 63.41％ Example 7 41.00％ 30.00％ 73.17％ 68.29％ Example 8 39.00％ 29.00％ 74.36％ 69.23％ Comparative Example 1 25.00％ 14.00％ 56.00％ 52.00％ Comparative Example 2 23.00％ 15.00％ 65.22％ 60.87％ Comparative Example 3 30.00％ 20.00％ 66.67％ 10.00％ Comparative Example 4 21.00％ 12.00％ 57.14％ 52.38％ Comparative Example 5 18.00％ 11.00％ 61.11％ 55.56％ Comparative Example 6 40.00％ 14.00％ 35.00％ 32.50％

[0082] According to the data in the above table, compared with Comparative Examples 1-6, the germination rate and rooting rate of Examples 1-8 are at a higher level, indicating that the growth environment and sowing conditions selected in the present application are more conducive to the germination and rooting of Huoshan Dendrobium seeds.

[0083] Among them, the germination rate and rooting rate of comparative example 3 are higher than those of other comparative examples, but the overwintering survival rate of comparative example 3 is the lowest. The reason is that the mountain direction selected for comparative example 3 is north. The germination and rooting of Huoshan Dendrobium seeds do not have very high requirements for orientation, but the growth after rooting has high requirements for temperature and sunlight. The mountain direction is north. In winter, the temperature is lower than that of the mountain facing south, and the density is higher. Therefore, it is not conducive to the growth of Huoshan Dendrobium after rooting, so the overwintering survival rate is the lowest.

[0084] The germination rate of Comparative Example 6 was similar to that of Examples 1-8, but the rooting rate decreased significantly. The reason was that the symbiotic fungus solution was not replenished after sowing, and the germinated seeds were not replenished with the symbiotic fungus solution in time, which made it difficult for them to take root, thus affecting the survival rate in the later stage.

[0085] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for direct seeding and propagating wild Huoshan Dendrobium seed fungi, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: A. Selection of outdoor environment Select a mountain facing east, southeast or south; B. Preparation The Huoshan Dendrobium seeds, symbiotic fungus powder and sawdust are mixed evenly and bagged to obtain seed fungus bags, which are then soaked in water; The mass ratio of seeds to symbiotic fungus powder is 1:5000-10000; the mass ratio of symbiotic fungus powder to sawdust is 1:5-10; C. Sowing The sowing time is from April to June each year. In April, the seed fungus bag is attached to the attachment of the mountain and wrapped with a film to form a planting area. The film and the seed fungus bag are separated by a support, and holes are punched in the film; the density of the holes is no more than 2 per square centimeter, and the diameter of the holes is no more than 3mm. Then a layer of net is covered on the film, and the net is fixed with stones or branches. D. Daily management Lighting: When sowing, the density of the attached material should be 0.8-1.

0. After sowing, use a shade net or black film to cover the planting area for 7-10 days and then remove it; before the beginning of May of the second year after sowing, trim the density to between 0.6-0.8; Humidity: In the first year, water should be added when there is no rain for a week in a row. Watering time should be in the morning and evening. When the new roots of Huoshan Dendrobium grow to more than 1 cm, no watering is required, except in extreme weather. When there is extreme drought for more than one month, water should be added in time. Fungus supplement: spray symbiotic fungus liquid once a month; Overwintering: Stop replenishing water and symbiotic fungus liquid during October to February of the following year.

2. The method for direct seeding and breeding of wild Huoshan Dendrobium seed fungi according to claim 1, wherein: The soaking time is 30-50 minutes.

3. The method for direct seeding and breeding of wild Huoshan Dendrobium seed fungi according to claim 1, wherein: The symbiotic fungus liquid is a mixture of symbiotic fungus powder and water, wherein the mass ratio of the symbiotic fungus powder to water is 1:1000-2000.

4. The method for direct seeding and breeding of wild Huoshan Dendrobium seed fungi according to claim 1 or 3, wherein: The symbiotic fungi include one or more of Serendipita indica SI, Serendipita officinale SO, Tulasnella sp. QYM-1, Tulasnella sp. QYM-2, Tulasnellasp. QYM-3 or Tulasnellasp. QYM-4.

5. The method for direct seeding and breeding of wild Huoshan Dendrobium seed fungi according to claim 1, wherein: The sawdust is from a non-greasy tree species, can pass through a 50-mesh sieve, and the tree species is willow or maple.

6. The method for direct seeding and breeding of wild Huoshan Dendrobium seed fungi according to claim 1, wherein: The mesh size of the bag is 80-100 mesh.

7. The method for direct seeding and breeding of wild Huoshan Dendrobium seed fungi according to claim 1, wherein: The film is a plastic wrap with strong viscosity and toughness.

8. The method for direct seeding and breeding of wild Huoshan Dendrobium seed fungi according to claim 7, wherein: The supports are tree stumps or stones, no larger than 2 cm.

9. The method for direct seeding and breeding of wild Huoshan Dendrobium seed fungi according to claim 1, wherein: The attachments are stones or tree trunks.

10. The method for direct seeding and propagating wild Huoshan Dendrobium seed fungi according to claim 9, characterized in that: The trunk is that of an oak or sandalwood tree.

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