Attractant for tomicus hirsutus, lure and preparation method and application of attractant

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of prevention and control and green ecological prevention and control of tomicus hirsutus, in particular to an attractant and a lure of tomicus hirsutus as well as a preparation method and application of the attractant. The attractant for the tomicus hirsutus is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 500 parts of 3-carene, 80 parts of (S)-cis-verbenol and 40 parts of camphene. According to the attractant provided by the invention, the trapping amount of the tomicus hirsutus can be remarkably increased, and efficient trapping, prevention and control of the tomicus hirsutus are realized. The attractant lure has the advantages of being high in specificity, excellent in attraction effect, long in lasting period, environmentally friendly and the like, and is suitable for long-term monitoring and efficient prevention and control of tomicus hirsutus populations. And the lure is not influenced by environmental factors such as terrains and terrains when being applied.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of control of hairy tip beetle and its green ecological control, and in particular to an attractant and an attractant core for hairy tip beetle and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] The hairy tip beetle (Tomicus pilifer) belongs to the order Coleptera, family Curculionidae, subfamily Scolytinae, genus Tomicus, and is found in many provinces across Northeast, Northwest, North, and East my country. It primarily attacks coniferous species such as larch, Korean pine, Scots pine, and Chinese pine. In severely infested stands, scattered severed branches can be seen on the ground. From a distance, newly damaged branches can be seen withering, yellowing, and drooping. Adult beetles bore into branches during the vegetative phase to supplement their nutrition. During the reproductive phase, they lay eggs in tunnels in the phloem of tree trunks, attacking the phloem tissue of the trunk and the pith of branches, depriving the tree of its water and nutrient supply, causing leaves to wither and fall, and weakening the tree. Further weakening trees are susceptible to attack by pests such as longhorn beetles and bark borers, leading to their death. Failure to promptly remove dead trees can easily lead to the spread of the infestation.

[0003] Adults of the hairy tip-cutting beetle are oval, 3.5-4.2 mm long, with a black head and pronotum and brown elytra. A key characteristic is that the second interstellate interstellate portion near the wing tip is not concave, and the interstellate interstellate portion is covered with two rows of hairs: one upright and the other short, thin, prostrate. The burrows are single longitudinal. One generation occurs annually. Overwintering adults emerge from the ground in late April to early May, ascending trees to replenish their nutrition. They burrow into the tips of last year's lateral branches, damaging the pith. Their intrusion holes are approximately 1 cm from new buds, preventing them from growing and causing old needles to turn yellow. By early June, having completed their ingestion, adults begin to migrate into the forest in search of suitable hosts for reproduction. Adults are active between 10 and 2 p.m., with females preferring to invade weak, thick branches, followed by males to mate and reproduce. The larvae begin to hatch in late May, mature and pupate in late June, and reach peak pupation and eclosion in early July. The intrusion hole is circular, about 1.2mm in diameter, and is surrounded by light yellow moth debris.

[0004] Currently, the main control measures for the hairy tip beetle include: 1. Forest management, including enhancing tree vigor and improving tree resistance to insects; removing infested branches and wind-broken trees, and felling dead trees; 2. Physical control, including setting up bait trees or piles of bait wood within the forest to attract adult beetles to gather, bore, and lay eggs, which are then burned en masse; 3. Biological control, including using the guinea pig (Guogong beetle) as a natural enemy; and 4. Chemical control, such as spraying highly osmotic insecticides on tree trunks and branches. The hairy tip beetle often hides within tree trunks and branches, and currently there is no effective method for accurately monitoring its population density and conducting comprehensive control. With the frequent occurrence of extreme weather conditions worldwide, the damage caused by the hairy tip beetle is becoming increasingly serious. For the management of the hairy tip beetle, the use of aggregation pheromones for mass trapping is the most common and effective method, as it is environmentally friendly and pollution-free. In view of the severity of the damage caused by this insect and the lack of effective aggregation pheromone products, there is an urgent need to develop aggregation pheromone products for the hairy tip beetle and apply them to the prevention and control of the damage caused by the hairy tip beetle in actual production.

[0005] During the process of the hairy tip beetle invading and harming its host plants, its invasive behavior is not only affected by the aggregation pheromones it produces, but also by volatiles from plant sources. In particular, volatiles from weakened host trees are very important host location signal recognition substances. The hairy tip beetle uses the differences in volatile components released by healthy and weakened trees to identify and select host trees with weaker resistance to attack, and ultimately successfully complete host colonization behavior. Therefore, these special volatile components of plants can be used as behavioral regulators of the hairy tip beetle to increase the amount of beetles attracted or repel the aggregation of beetles. At present, some plant volatiles have been found to have synergistic or inhibitory effects on the aggregation pheromone components of beetles, and these substances have the characteristics of wide sources, many types, environmental friendliness, and low prices (for example, monoterpenes and volatile green leaf components). We use volatile components from host plants to regulate the behavior of the hairy tip beetle. That is, we add plant volatiles as synergists to its aggregation pheromone components, which is beneficial to improve the insect-attracting efficiency of the hairy tip beetle's aggregation pheromone, thereby achieving efficient ecological control of the hairy tip beetle. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an attractant, an attractant core, a preparation method and an application of the hairy tip beetle. The attractant provided by the present invention can significantly improve the insect luring effect of the hairy tip beetle and achieve efficient luring of the hairy tip beetle.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] The present invention also provides an attractant for the hairy tip beetle, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 500 parts of 3-carene, 80 parts of (S)-cis-verbenol and 40 parts of camphene.

[0009] The present invention also provides the use of the attractant described in the above technical solution in attracting the hairy tip beetle.

[0010] The present invention also provides an attractant for attracting hairy tip beetles, comprising a polyvinyl chloride slow-release bag, a black low-density porous polyurethane sponge sheet placed in the slow-release bag, and the attractant described in the above technical solution adsorbed on the black low-density porous polyurethane sponge sheet.

[0011] Preferably, the lure further comprises 1,3-butanediol (as a solvent) and 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol (as an antioxidant).

[0012] Preferably, the content of 3-carene in a single lure core is 500 mg, the content of (S)-cis-verbenol is 80 mg, the content of camphene is 40 mg, the content of 1,3-butanediol is 1 g, and the content of 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol is 20 mg.

[0013] Preferably, the black low-density porous polyurethane sponge sheet in a single lure core has a width of 5 cm, a length of 7 cm, and a thickness of 1 cm, and the quantity is 1 piece.

[0014] Preferably, the specifications of the polyvinyl chloride sustained-release bag are width 7 cm×length 10 cm×thickness 0.2 mm.

[0015] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the lure core described in the above technical solution, comprising the following steps:

[0016] The black low-density polyurethane sponge sheet is placed in a polyvinyl chloride sustained-release bag, and the mixture of 3-carene, (S)-cis-verbenol, camphene, 1,3-butanediol and 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol is dripped onto the low-density porous polyurethane sponge sheet. Finally, the polyvinyl chloride sustained-release bag is heat-sealed to prepare the lure core.

[0017] The present invention also provides the use of the bait core described in the above technical solution in attracting the hairy tip beetle.

[0018] Preferably, the application includes: using the lure core in conjunction with a cross-plate type bark beetle trap, setting it at the edge of a forest or in an open, sunny, and ventilated area within the forest, with the trap spacing being 30 to 50 meters and the height from the ground being 50 cm.

[0019] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0020] The attractant provided by the present invention can significantly increase the number of insects attracted to the hairy tip beetle, achieving efficient luring and control of the beetle. The attractant core has the advantages of high specificity, excellent luring effect, long-lasting effect, and environmental friendliness, making it suitable for long-term monitoring and efficient control of hairy tip beetle populations. The application of the attractant core is not affected by environmental factors such as topography and terrain. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below.

[0022] Figure 1 Mass spectrometry analysis of pheromone components in the midgut gland extract of the hairy beetle; (A) Total ion current mass spectrum of the gland extract, (B) Mass spectrum of (S)-cis-verbenol.

[0023] Figure 2 These are the test results for evaluating the biological activity of attractants with different ratios on the hairy shoot beetle in forests.

[0024] Figure 3 These are the results of a test to evaluate the biological activity of the attractant, (S)-cis-verbenol, on the hairy shoot beetle.

[0025] Figure 4 These are the results of a test on the biological activity of the attractant, Camphene, against the hairy shoot beetle.

[0026] The implementation location is Kaishantun Forest Farm, Kaishantun Town, Longjing City, Yanbian Prefecture, Jilin Province; the implementation time is from mid-April to early June 2023. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present invention provides an attractant for the hairy tip beetle, comprising the following components by weight: 500 parts of 3-carene, 80 parts of (S)-cis-verbenol, and 40 parts of camphene. The present invention does not particularly limit the sources of the above reagents; commercially available products may be used. In the present invention, the 3-carene (McLean, purity >90%), (S)-cis-verbenol (Sigma-Aldrich, purity >95%), and camphene (McLean, purity >95%) are included. Furthermore, the attractant also contains a solvent, 1,3-butanediol (McLean, purity >99%), and an antioxidant, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol (BHT, McLean, >99%). These two components may be commercially available products.

[0028] The present invention also provides the use of the attractant described in the above technical solution in attracting the hairy tip beetle.

[0029] The present invention provides a lure for attracting the hairy tip beetle, comprising a polyvinyl chloride slow-release bag, a black low-density porous polyurethane sponge sheet placed within the slow-release bag, and the attractant described in the above technical solution adsorbed onto the black low-density porous polyurethane sponge sheet. In the present invention, the lure also preferably includes 1,3-butanediol and 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol. In the present invention, the content of 3-carene, (S)-cis-verbenol, camphene, 1,3-butanediol, and 20 mg of 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol in a single lure is preferably 500 mg, 80 mg of (S)-cis-verbenol, 40 mg of camphene, 1 g of 1,3-butanediol, and 20 mg of 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol in a single lure. In the present invention, the black low-density porous polyurethane sponge sheet (Dongguan Juxingxuan Packaging Products Co., Ltd.) in a single lure is 5 cm wide, 7 cm long, and 1 cm thick, and the quantity is one. In the present invention, the specifications of the polyvinyl chloride sustained-release bag (Tai'an Bingxin Packaging Material Co., Ltd.) are width 7 cm×length 10 cm×thickness 0.2 mm.

[0030] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the lure described in the above technical solution, comprising the following steps: placing the black low-density polyurethane sponge sheet in a polyvinyl chloride sustained-release bag, then dropwise adding the mixture of 3-carene, (S)-cis-verbenol, camphene, 1,3-butanediol, and 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol onto the low-density porous polyurethane sponge sheet, and finally heat-sealing the polyvinyl chloride sustained-release bag to produce the lure. In the present invention, the lure preparation method preferably includes dissolving a desired amount of 3-carene in 1,3-butanediol, preferably at a concentration of 500 mg / 1g; dissolving a desired amount of (S)-cis-verbenol in 1,3-butanediol, preferably at a concentration of 80 mg / 1g; and dissolving a desired amount of camphene in 1,3-butanediol, preferably at a concentration of 40 mg / 1g. After the four ingredients are evenly mixed, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol is added, preferably at a concentration of 20 mg / 1 g. The above mixture is added to a black low-density porous polyurethane sponge sheet in a polyvinyl chloride sustained-release bag carrier, and sealed to obtain the lure.

[0031] The present invention also provides the use of the lure described in the above technical solution for attracting the hairy tip beetle. In the present invention, the use preferably includes: using the lure in conjunction with a cross-plate bark beetle trap, which is placed at the edge of a forest or in an open, sunny, and well-ventilated area within the forest, with the traps spaced 30 to 50 meters apart and the insect collection bottle 50 cm above the ground.

[0032] The hairy tip beetle bait provided by the present invention can be used for luring and killing a large number of hairy tip beetles for prevention and control, or for long-term monitoring of hairy tip beetle populations using the bait. The hairy tip beetle bait provided by the present invention is easy to process and produce, has low cost, and the three active ingredients are stably released on the carrier, with a lasting effect of 1 month, which can meet the needs of luring and killing or monitoring a large number of hairy tip beetles in production. The bait provided by the present invention is an efficient, long-lasting, and environmentally friendly hairy tip beetle bait, which is used in the large-scale luring and prevention of hairy tip beetles with significant results. In short, the hairy tip beetle attractant bait of the present invention has the advantages of being sensitive, efficient, environmentally friendly, having a long lasting effect, and being inexpensive, and can achieve the purpose of preventing and controlling hairy tip beetles and conducting long-term population monitoring. It has broad industrial prospects and is suitable for large-scale promotion and application in production.

[0033] In the present invention, the attractant core is used in conjunction with a cross-plate type bark beetle trap to carry out the trapping and prevention of hairy tip-cutting bark beetles. The trap is purchased from Beijing Zhongjie Sifang Biotechnology Co., Ltd. The large plate and the small plate are crossed to form a cross shape (500mm high and 300mm wide), which is connected to the upper cover through the hook at the top and to the funnel through the hook at the bottom. The insect collecting bottle is directly connected to the trumpet mouth at the lower edge of the funnel. The attractant core is hung in the middle position of the trap 20cm away from the top. The trap is fixed with two bamboo poles and iron wire and is set at the edge of the Scotch pine forest or in an open, sunny and ventilated area in the forest, with a spacing of 30m to 50m, and the insect collecting bottle is about 50cm above the ground.

[0034] In order to further illustrate the present invention, the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] The attractant for the hairy shoot beetle produced in this example uses commercially available 3-carene, with a chemical purity and isomeric purity both exceeding 90%; (S)-cis-verbenol, with a chemical purity and isomeric purity both exceeding 95%; and camphene, with a chemical purity and isomeric purity both exceeding 95%. The solvent 1,3-butanediol and the antioxidant BHT are both commercially available products, with a purity both exceeding 99%.

[0037] High-efficiency attractant components and mass fractions:

[0038] (1) 3-Carene, 500 mg;

[0039] (2) (S)-cis-verbenol, 80 mg;

[0040] (3) Camphene, 40 mg;

[0041] 3-carene, (S)-cis-verbenol and camphene were directly added to 1 g of 1,3-butanediol according to the above ratio, and finally 20 mg of BHT was added and mixed to obtain the attractant of Example 1 ( Figure 2 ).

[0042] Preparation and preservation of bait core: Add the prepared attractant to the low-density porous polyurethane sponge sheet in the polyvinyl chloride slow-release bag carrier, heat-seal the polyvinyl chloride slow-release bag, and prepare the hairy tip beetle attractant bait core.

[0043] The prepared bait cores were sealed in aluminum foil bags (12 cm wide × 17 cm long), with one bait core in each aluminum foil bag, and stored in a refrigerator at 4°C.

[0044] Comparative Example 1

[0045] The attractant is: 500 mg of 3-carene, and the rest is the same as in Example 1. The results are shown in FIG. Figure 2 .

[0046] Comparative Example 2

[0047] The attractant is: (S)-cis-verbenol 80 mg; the rest is the same as in Example 1, the results are shown in Figure 2 .

[0048] Comparative Example 3

[0049] Attractant is: camphene 40mg; All the other are the same as in Example 1, and the results are shown in FIG. Figure 2 .

[0050] Comparative Example 4

[0051] The attractant is: 3-carene 500mg, (S)-cis-verbenol 80mg; the rest is the same as in Example 1, the results are shown in Figure 2 .

[0052] Comparative Example 5

[0053] The attractant is: 3-carene 500mg, camphene 40mg; the rest are the same as in Example 1, and the results are shown in FIG. Figure 2 .

[0054] Comparative Example 6

[0055] The attractant is: (S)-cis-verbenol 80mg, camphene 40mg; the rest is the same as in Example 1, the results are shown in FIG. Figure 2 .

[0056] Comparative Example 7

[0057] Blank control: 1,3-butanediol 1g, BHT 20mg; other parameters were the same as in Example 1. Figure 2 .

[0058] The attractants in Comparative Examples 1-6 were prepared by directly adding 3-carene, (S)-cis-verbenol, or camphene in the indicated mass fractions to 1,3-butanediol, followed by the addition of BHT. Comparative Example 7 was prepared by adding 20 mg of BHT to 1 g of 1,3-butanediol. The prepared attractants from Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-6, as well as the control component from Comparative Example 7, were directly added dropwise onto a polyurethane sponge sheet to prepare bait cores for use in forest bioassay experiments.

[0059] The application of the hairy tip beetle attractant core prepared using Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 to 7 to attract the hairy tip beetle is as follows:

[0060] a) Trap Fabrication: The trap is primarily a cross-plate bark beetle trap purchased from Beijing Zhongjie Sifang Biotechnology Co., Ltd. A large plate and a small plate are intersected to form a cross (500 mm high, 300 mm wide). The cross is connected to the upper cover via a hook at the top and to the funnel via a hook at the bottom. The insect collection jar is attached to the bell-shaped opening at the bottom of the cross plate.

[0061] b) Suspension of bait core: Hang one bait core in the middle of the cross-plate bark beetle trap, 20 cm from the top.

[0062] c) Field Traps: Each experimental treatment was replicated three times. Traps were set up at the edge of a Pinus sylvestris forest or in a well-ventilated open space within the forest, with traps spaced approximately 30 meters apart. Two 2-meter-long, 5-cm-diameter bamboo poles were inserted approximately 50 cm into the soil, with a distance of approximately 35 cm between them. The trap was then secured between the two poles, with the trap jar approximately 50 cm above the ground.

[0063] d) Data Collection and Trap Emptying: Each treatment was replicated three times. The number of bark beetles captured in each treatment was the average of the three traps. Depending on weather conditions, the number of bark beetles in the traps was observed every two to three days. After counting, the trapped beetles were placed in ziplock bags and removed from the experimental forest for destruction.

[0064] According to the specific steps above, the invention is used to attract the hairy tip beetle. From April 16 to May 15, 2023, the embodiment and the comparative example were treated with traps in the Pinus sylvestris forest of Kaishantun Forest Farm according to the randomized block experimental design. The specific bioassay results are shown in Figure 2 Traps were spaced approximately 30 meters apart, with the traps approximately 50 cm above the ground. Three replicates were set for each treatment, and the number of bark beetles captured in each treatment was the average of the three traps. Depending on weather conditions, bark beetle counts in the traps were observed on April 17, 19, 21, 23, 25, and 28, and May 1, 4, 7, 9, 11, 13, and 15.

[0065] from Figure 2 The analysis of the insect attractant effect shows that the hairy tip beetle attractant (Example 1) is compared with different treatments of hairy tip beetle attractants with different ingredients (Comparative Examples 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6). Example 1 has the best trapping effect and the largest amount of insects. The average amount of insects trapped by the three sets of traps is 12,316. ​​The trapping effect is more than 3 times that of Comparative Example 4 and 21 to 208 times that of other attractant formulas (Comparative Examples 1, 2, 3, 5, and 6). The blank control lure only attracted 25 beetles during the test, which were trapped by the beetles randomly hitting the board when flying. This experiment shows that the component formula of Example 3, prepared according to the mass proportion of 500mg:80mg:40mg, has a strong attractant activity for hairy tip beetles.

[0066] Example 2

[0067] The components of the hairy tip-cutting beetle attractant made in this embodiment are as follows:

[0068] (1) 3-Carene, 500 mg;

[0069] (2) (S)-cis-verbenol, 80 mg;

[0070] (3) Camphene, 40 mg.

[0071] 3-carene, (S)-cis-verbenol and camphene were directly added to 1 g of 1,3-butanediol according to the above ratio, and then 20 mg of BHT was added to finally obtain the attractant of Example 2.

[0072] The sample purity, lure preparation method, lure storage, and implementation steps are the same as those in Example 1.

[0073] Comparative Example 8

[0074] The attractant is: 3-carene, 500mg; (S)-cis-verbenol, 20mg; camphene, 40mg; the rest is the same as in Example 2, the results are shown in FIG. Figure 3 .

[0075] Comparative Example 9

[0076] The attractant is: 3-carene, 500mg; (S)-cis-verbenol, 40mg; camphene, 40mg; the rest is the same as in Example 2, the results are shown in FIG. Figure 3 .

[0077] Comparative Example 10

[0078] The attractant is: 3-carene, 500mg; (S)-cis-verbenol, 160mg; camphene, 40mg; the rest is the same as in Example 2, the results are shown in FIG. Figure 3 .

[0079] Comparative Example 11

[0080] The attractant is: 3-carene, 500mg; (S)-cis-verbenol, 320mg; camphene, 40mg; the rest is the same as in Example 2, the results are shown in FIG. Figure 3 .

[0081] Comparative Example 12

[0082] Blank control: 1,3-butanediol 1g, BHT 20mg; other parameters were the same as in Example 1. Figure 3 .

[0083] Comparative Examples 8-11 prepared baits by adding 3-carene, (S)-cis-verbenol, and camphene directly to 1g of 1,3-butanediol at the designated dosages. BHT (20mg) was then added to each treatment. The baits containing the different attractants were then added directly to a low-density porous polyurethane sponge sheet contained within a polyvinyl chloride bag to create bait cores. For Comparative Example 12, a blank control bait core contained only 1g of 1,3-butanediol and 20mg of BHT.

[0084] The hairy tip-cutting beetle attractant cores prepared in Example 2 and Comparative Examples 8 to 12 are used to attract the hairy tip-cutting beetle, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0085] a) Trap Fabrication: The trap is primarily a cross-plate bark beetle trap purchased from Beijing Zhongjie Sifang Biotechnology Co., Ltd. A large plate and a small plate are intersected to form a cross (500 mm high, 300 mm wide). The cross is connected to the upper cover via a hook at the top and to the funnel via a hook at the bottom. The insect collection jar is directly attached to the bell-shaped opening at the bottom end of the cross plate.

[0086] b) Suspension of bait core: Hang one bait core in the middle of the cross-plate bark beetle trap, 20 cm from the top.

[0087] c) Field Traps: Each experimental treatment was replicated three times. Traps were set up at the edge of a Pinus sylvestris forest or in an open, well-ventilated area within the forest, with traps spaced approximately 30 meters apart. Two 2-meter-long, 5-cm-diameter bamboo poles were inserted approximately 50 cm into the soil, with a distance of approximately 35 cm between them. The trap was then secured between the two poles, with the trap jar approximately 50 cm above the ground.

[0088] d) Data Collection and Trap Emptying: Each treatment was replicated three times. The number of bark beetles captured in each treatment was the average of the three traps. Depending on weather conditions, the number of bark beetles in the traps was observed every two to three days. After counting, the trapped bark beetles were placed in ziplock bags, removed from the experimental forest, and destroyed.

[0089] According to the above specific implementation steps, the forest biological activity test of Example 2 and Comparative Examples 8 to 12 of the multi-hair cutting beetle was carried out from May 8 to May 27, 2023. The specific results are shown in Figure 3 Each treatment was replicated three times in this experiment, and the number of bark beetles captured in each treatment was the average of the three traps. Depending on weather conditions, the number of bark beetles in the traps was observed on May 9, 11, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 25, and 27.

[0090] from Figure 3 Analysis of the insect attractant efficacy revealed that, when the fixed 3-carene and camphene contents in the three-component attractant cores were 500 mg and 40 mg, respectively, and the (S)-cis-verbenol addition level was increased by a factor of two from 20 mg to 320 mg, all three components exhibited excellent attractant activity. The bioactivity of the attractants at doses between 80 mg and 320 mg of (S)-cis-verbenol was not significantly different (average captures per trap ranged from 7,614 to 9,017), significantly exceeding the average capture rate of 2,488 when the (S)-cis-verbenol dosage was 40 mg. A 20 mg (S)-cis-verbenol dosage resulted in an average capture of 1,559 insects, significantly lower than the 40 mg (40 mg) additive. The blank control trap captured an average of 39 hairy shoot beetles throughout the entire experimental period. These were captured by random collisions with the board during the flight phase. Therefore, considering the attractant's effectiveness, longevity, and economical use in forests, 80 mg of (S)-cis-verbenol was selected as the optimal dosage for practical application.

[0091] Example 3

[0092] The components of the highly effective attractant for the hairy tip beetle produced in this embodiment are as follows:

[0093] (1) 3-Carene, 500 mg;

[0094] (2) (S)-cis-verbenol, 80 mg;

[0095] (3) Camphene, 40 mg.

[0096] The sample purity, lure preparation method, lure storage, and implementation steps are the same as those in Example 1.

[0097] Comparative Example 13

[0098] The attractant is: 3-carene, 500mg; (S)-cis-verbenol, 80mg; camphene, 10mg; the rest is the same as in Example 2, the results are shown in FIG. Figure 4 .

[0099] Comparative Example 14

[0100] The attractant is: 3-carene, 500mg; (S)-cis-verbenol, 80mg; camphene, 20mg; the rest is the same as in Example 2, the results are shown in FIG. Figure 4 .

[0101] Comparative Example 15

[0102] The attractant is: 3-carene, 500mg; (S)-cis-verbenol, 80mg; camphene, 80mg; the rest is the same as in Example 2, the results are shown in FIG. Figure 4 .

[0103] Comparative Example 16

[0104] The attractant is: 3-carene, 500mg; (S)-cis-verbenol, 80mg; camphene, 160mg; the rest is the same as in Example 2, the results are shown in FIG. Figure 4 .

[0105] Comparative Example 17

[0106] Blank control: 1,3-butanediol 1g, BHT 20mg; other parameters were the same as in Example 1. Figure 4 .

[0107] Comparative Examples 13-16 prepared by adding specific amounts of 3-carene, (S)-cis-verbenol, and camphene directly to 1g of 1,3-butanediol, and then adding 20mg of BHT. Comparative Example 17 prepared by adding 1g of the solvent 1,3-butanediol and 20mg of the antioxidant BHT directly to a low-density polyurethane sponge sheet to create a lure core, serving as a blank control.

[0108] The multi-hair cutting beetle attractant core prepared using Example 3 and Comparative Examples 13 to 17 is used to attract multi-hair cutting beetles, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0109] a) Trap Fabrication: The trap is primarily a cross-plate bark beetle trap purchased from Beijing Zhongjie Sifang Biotechnology Co., Ltd. A large plate and a small plate are intersected to form a cross (500 mm high, 300 mm wide). The cross is connected to the upper cover via a hook at the top and to the funnel via a hook at the bottom. The insect collection jar is attached to the bell-shaped opening at the bottom of the cross plate.

[0110] b) Suspension of bait core: Hang one bait core in the middle of the cross-plate bark beetle trap, 20 cm from the top.

[0111] c) Field Traps: Each experimental treatment was replicated three times. Traps were set up at the edge of a Scots pine forest or in an open, well-ventilated clearing within the forest, with traps spaced approximately 30 meters apart. Two 2-meter-long, 5-cm-diameter bamboo poles were inserted approximately 50 cm into the soil, with a distance of approximately 35 cm between them. The trap was then secured between the two poles, with the trap jar approximately 50 cm above the ground.

[0112] d) Data Collection and Trap Emptying: Each treatment was replicated three times. The number of bark beetles captured in each treatment was the average of the three traps. Depending on weather conditions, the number of bark beetles in the traps was observed every two to three days. After counting, the trapped beetles were placed in ziplock bags and removed from the experimental forest for destruction.

[0113] According to the above specific implementation steps, the forest biological activity test of Example 3 and Comparative Examples 13 to 17 was carried out from May 18 to June 10, 2023, and the trap with a blank lure (Comparative Example 17) was used as a control. The specific results are shown in Figure 4 Each treatment was replicated three times in this experiment, and the number of bark beetles captured in each treatment was the average of the three traps. Depending on weather conditions, bark beetle counts in the traps were observed on May 19, 21, 24, 27, and 30, and June 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10.

[0114] from Figure 4 Middle insect attractant effect analysis can be drawn, under the dosage of fixing 3-carene 500mg and (S)-cis-verbenol 80mg, the amphene content variation range added in the hairy tip beetle attractant composition is 10mg, 20mg, 40mg, 80mg and 160mg.Under these 5 amphene test dosages, ternary component has all shown good insect attractant activity.When amphene is between 10mg to 40mg, the number of insects attracted increases (embodiment 3, comparative example 13, comparative example 14) along with the rising of dosage.When the content of amphene is 80mg (comparative example 15) or 160mg (comparative example 16), the number of insects attracted significantly reduces compared with embodiment 3.Therefore, from the angle of attractant core luring effect, lasting period, economic use, selecting amphene 40mg in actual applications is optimal dose.

[0115] Although the above embodiment provides a detailed description of the present invention, it is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. People can also obtain other embodiments based on this embodiment without creativity, and these embodiments all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An attractant for the hairy tip beetle, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following components in parts by weight: 500 parts of 3-carene, 80 parts of (S)-cis-verbenol and 40 parts of camphene.

2. Use of the attractant according to claim 1 in attracting the hairy tip beetle.

3. A bait for attracting hairy tip beetles, characterized in that: The invention comprises a polyvinyl chloride slow-release bag, a black low-density porous polyurethane sponge sheet placed in the slow-release bag, and the attractant according to claim 1 adsorbed on the black low-density porous polyurethane sponge sheet.

4. The lure according to claim 3, wherein: The lure further comprises 1,3-butanediol and 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol.

5. The lure according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The content of 3-carene in a single lure core is 500 mg, the content of (S)-cis-verbenol is 80 mg, the content of camphene is 40 mg, the content of 1,3-butanediol is 1 g, and the content of 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-cresol is 20 mg.

6. The lure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The black low-density porous polyurethane sponge sheet in a single bait core is 5cm wide × 7cm long × 1cm thick, and the quantity is 1 piece.

7. The lure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The specifications of the polyvinyl chloride sustained-release bag are width 7 cm×length 10 cm×thickness 0.2 mm.

8. A method for preparing the lure according to any one of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The black low-density polyurethane sponge sheet is placed in a polyvinyl chloride sustained-release bag, and the mixture of 3-carene, (S)-cis-verbenol, camphene, 1,3-butanediol and 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol is dripped onto the low-density porous polyurethane sponge sheet. Finally, the polyvinyl chloride sustained-release bag is heat-sealed to prepare the lure core.

9. Use of the bait according to any one of claims 3 to 7 in attracting the hairy tip beetle.

10. The use according to claim 9, characterized in that The application includes: using the lure core in conjunction with a cross-plate bark beetle trap, the trap is set at the edge of a forest or in an open, sunny, and ventilated area in the forest, the trap spacing is 30 to 50 meters, and the height from the ground is 50 cm.

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