Agricultural composition

Abstract

The present disclosure relates generally to agricultural compositions comprising an anti-pathogenic compound and a chemical activator, wherein the fungicides and chemical activators provide a synergistic effect on the control of pathogens typically found in plant crops, trees, fruits, vegetables, leaves, stems, roots, seeds, flowers, animals, equipment, stockyard, farm, barn, animal housing units, farm tools, farm buildings, storage areas or food contact areas.

Description

[0001] This application is a divisional application of Chinese patent application No. 202080017044.9. Technical Field

[0002] The present disclosure relates to agricultural compositions comprising an antipathogenic compound and a chemical activator, wherein the antipathogenic compound and the chemical activator provide a synergistic effect in controlling plant pathogens. Specifically, the agricultural compositions according to the present disclosure are used to control fungal and / or bacterial populations. Background of the Invention

[0003] Commercial farming of plant crops and livestock may be susceptible to diseases caused by pathogens, which, if not controlled, can lead to food insecurity (by destroying crops and / or livestock) and / or health risks to consumers. Pathogens typically include, but are not limited to, fungicides and bactericides. Pathogens typically proliferate due to unsuitable agricultural and / or animal husbandry operations and / or environmental factors such as high temperature and humidity that promote the rapid propagation of microorganisms. Effective control of pathogens in agriculture and animal husbandry is important for ensuring continued food safety. Effective control of pathogens is hindered by increased resistance to conventional control measures or treatments using conventional bactericides or fungicides. This bactericidal and / or fungicidal resistance causes significant problems in controlling and / or treating and / or removing pathogens from agricultural products.

[0004] In recent years, there has been a move toward providing environmentally friendly agricultural compositions that can control and / or treat and / or reduce and / or eliminate pathogen populations from plant crops and animals. Consumers are increasingly interested in purchasing foods that are grown, cultivated, or produced in an environmentally friendly manner, often using products that are organic and / or biodegradable and / or safe for humans and animals. Consequently, there is a need for farmers and the agrochemical industry to develop environmentally friendly agricultural compositions that are stable and provide anti-pathogenic properties when administered to seeds and / or plants and / or animals, or parts thereof.

[0005] There is still a need to provide new and innovative agricultural compositions for controlling pathogen populations and / or there is still a need to control and / or treat diseases caused by said pathogens. In summary, there is still a need to at least improve upon the known disadvantages of the prior art. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0006] In summary, according to a first aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided an agricultural composition comprising:

[0007] Antipathogenic compounds, including potassium sorbate; and

[0008] A chemical activator comprising an acid and at least one (C 12 –C 16 (C1-C8)alkyl esters of alkyl acids.

[0009] The chemical activator may further include anionic surfactants and / or nonionic surfactants.

[0010] The antipathogenic compound can be a fungicide, bactericide, insecticide, pesticide or a combination thereof. Typically, the antipathogenic compound can be a fungicide. The antipathogenic compound itself can provide a composition comprising one or more separate chemical compounds.

[0011] The agricultural composition may be provided as a concentrate.The antipathogenic compound and the chemical activator may be mixed together to provide an agricultural composition (in concentrated form) which may be further diluted with water for ease of application at the time of use.

[0012] Alternatively or additionally, the antipathogenic compound and / or chemical activator may be each diluted in water to provide an aqueous solution of the antipathogenic compound and chemical activator prior to mixing the aqueous solutions to provide the diluted agricultural composition according to the present disclosure. Typically, potassium sorbate remains dissociated in the form of sorbic acid during dilution and use.

[0013] Alternatively or additionally, the antipathogenic compound can be diluted with water to obtain a stable, dilute solution of the inactivated antipathogenic compound; the chemical activator can then be diluted in the stable, dilute solution of the inactivated antipathogenic compound to provide a diluted agricultural composition according to the present disclosure.

[0014] It should be understood that other diluent chemicals may also be used as a substitute or supplement for water. For example, a possible diluent may be, but is not limited to, at least one of the following groups: glycol, methanol, ethanol, monoethylene glycol, and propylene glycol, etc.

[0015] At least one (C 12 –C 16 The (C1-C8)alkyl ester of the alkyl acid can be selected from, but not limited to, the group consisting of synthetic, linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, modified or unmodified, wherein the alkyl ester can be selected from, but not limited to, the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, isopropyl, isobutyl, isopentyl, 2-ethylhexyl or a component thereof.

[0016] At least one (C 12 –C 16 The (C1-C8)alkyl ester of the alkyl acid may be selected from, but not limited to, the group consisting of isobutyl laurate, isoamyl laurate, methyl laurate, 2-ethylhexyl laurate, 2-ethylhexyl palmitate, isopropyl laurate, isopropyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate, and combinations thereof.

[0017] At least one (C1-C8) alkyl ester may be derived from (C 12 –C 16) alkyl acids, such as, but not limited to, the following group: alkanoic acids, such as lauric acid, tridecanoic acid, myristic acid, pentadecanoic acid, palmitic acid, and combinations thereof.

[0018] The anionic surfactant can be at least one surfactant selected from but not limited to the following groups: (C6-C 18 ) alkylbenzene sulfonate, calcium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, triethanolamine dodecylbenzene sulfonate, (C6-C 18 ) alkyl ether sulfate, (C6-C 18 ) alkyl ethoxylated ether sulfate, sodium lauryl polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, (C6-C 18 ) alkyl sulfate, (C6-C 18 ) alkyl phosphate, (C6-C 18 ) alkoxylated sulfate, (C6-C 18 ) Alkoxylated phosphates, xylene sulfonates, isophenylpropane sulfonates, naphthalene sulfonates, alkyl naphthalene sulfonates, condensed alkyl naphthalene sulfonates, and combinations thereof.

[0019] The nonionic surfactant can be at least one surfactant selected from but not limited to the following groups: natural or synthetic alkoxylated alcohols, preferably ethoxylated and / or propoxylated alcohols, further preferably ethoxylated and / or propoxylated fatty alcohols or fatty acids, further preferably containing 8-22 carbon atoms; short ethoxylated and / or propoxylated chain alcohols, preferably short ethoxylated and / or propoxylated fatty alcohols; ethoxylated fatty acids; alkoxylated sorbitan fatty acid esters, ethoxylated sorbitan fatty acid esters; alkoxylated sorbitan fatty acid esters, ethoxylated sorbitan fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate / ester, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate / ester, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate / ester; (C8-C 22 ) alkoxylated fatty alcohol, (C8-C 22 ) ethoxylated fatty alcohol, (C8-C 22 ) Propoxylated fatty alcohol, (C8-C 22 ) ethoxylated and propoxylated fatty alcohols, alkyl (poly) glycosides, linear (C4-C 10 ) alkyl (poly) glycoside, branched (C4-C 10 ) alkyl (poly) glycosides and combinations thereof.

[0020] Some alkoxylated alcohols contemplated for use include those based on branched chain alcohols, such as Guerbet alcohols, e.g., 2-propylheptanol and 2-ethylhexanol, and C 10 -OXO-alcohol or C 13 OXO-alcohol, i.e., a main component composed of at least one branched C 10 -alcohol or C 13-alcohols, as well as commercially available alcohols such as Exxal alcohols from ExxonMobile Chemical and Neodol alcohols from Shell Chemical.

[0021] The nonionic surfactant may be an ethoxylated alcohol having a degree of ethoxylation of 1 to 50, preferably 2 to 30.

[0022] The acid of the chemical activator can be at least one of various acids used in agricultural chemical technology. Preferably, the acid can be an aqueous citric acid solution of about 1% to about 99% citric acid, preferably a solution of about 50% citric acid.

[0023] The pH range of the antipathogenic chemical (in concentrated form) may be between about 7.0 and about 10.0, and the pH range of the chemical activator (in concentrated form) may be between 0.0 and about 3.0. In use, the antipathogenic compound (in concentrated form) and the chemical activator (in concentrated form) may be mixed and / or diluted, wherein the resulting stable tank mix of the diluted agricultural composition provides a pH between about 4 and about 6.

[0024] In the concentrated form of the agricultural composition, the antipathogenic compound (usually a fungicide) generally comprises water as a diluent, such that potassium sorbate may constitute 35-55% by weight of the antipathogenic compound (usually a fungicide), the chemical activator generally further comprises water as a diluent, such that citric acid may constitute 30-55% by weight of the chemical activator, and at least one (C 12 –C 16 ) (C1-C8) alkyl esters of alkyl acids may account for 0.5-5% by weight of the chemical activator, anionic surfactants may account for 1-5% by weight of the chemical activator, and nonionic surfactants may account for 3-10% by weight of the chemical activator.

[0025] The antipathogenic compound (in its concentrated form) may further comprise urea, wherein the urea is 1-5% by weight of the antipathogenic compound. It should be understood that in certain embodiments, the chemical activator may also further comprise urea.

[0026] The agricultural composition may further comprise at least one compound selected from the group consisting of insecticides, fungicides, herbicides, desiccants, defoliants, acaricides, nutrients, miticides, bactericides, biocides, ovicides, nematicides, insect growth regulators, plant growth regulators, and combinations thereof.

[0027] The agricultural composition may further comprise at least one additive selected from, but not limited to, the group consisting of nutrients, stimulants, growth agents, sugars, amino acids, micronutrients (including fertilizers and hormones), preservatives, clarifiers, antifreeze agents, solubilizers (hydrotrope), stabilizers, antioxidants, acidulants, chelates, complexing agents, dyes, rheology modifiers, defoamers, anti-drift agents, water, oil(s), other solvents, and combinations thereof.

[0028] The oil may be a natural compound modified by esterification or transesterification, such as an alkyl fatty acid ester, for example, a methyl ester, an ethyl ester, a propyl ester, a butyl ester, a 2-ethylhexyl ester or a dodecyl ester, and preferably a glycol or glycerol fatty acid, such as a (C10-C22) fatty acid ester, for example a fatty acid ester from a vegetable oil, preferably an oil-producing plant species, such as soybean, corn, sunflower, rapeseed oil, cottonseed oil, linseed oil, palm oil, safflower, coconut oil, castor oil, olive oil, canola oil, etc., pure or mixed with essential oils or edible oils extracted from various plants or parts of plants, such as trees, shrubs, leaves, flowers, grasses, liquids, herbs, fruits and seeds, or with one or more oils mixed with each other.

[0029] In further embodiments, the oil can be a natural compound, such as an essential oil, a citrus oil, a component of a citrus oil, a terpene oil, wherein the terpene oil comprises D-limonene, or one or more terpene-containing natural oils, wherein the one or more terpene-containing natural oils contain at least 50% terpenes selected from the group consisting of orange oil, grapefruit oil, lemon oil, lime oil, tangerine oil, pine oil, pure, in combination with other oils, and combinations thereof.

[0030] Alternatively or additionally, the oil can be a natural oil, a synthetic oil, a straight chain compound, a branched chain compound, a saturated oil, an unsaturated oil, an aliphatic compound, a cyclic compound, a modified oil, an unmodified oil, an alkylated vegetable oil, an essential oil, an edible oil, an oil extracted from a plant, an oil extracted from a part of a plant, an oil extracted from a tree, an oil extracted from a shrub, an oil extracted from a leaf, an oil extracted from a flower, an oil extracted from a grass, an oil extracted from a plant fluid, an oil extracted from an herb, an oil extracted from a fruit, an oil extracted from a seed, a pure oil, a mixture of oils, and combinations thereof.

[0031] The antipathogenic compound and the chemical activator in the agricultural composition can be mixed in water at a weight ratio of 1:0.4 (antipathogenic compound: chemical activator) to 1:2.0 (antipathogenic compound: chemical activator). In certain embodiments of the present disclosure, the antipathogenic compound is mixed with water and then the chemical activator is mixed therein.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided an agricultural composition (in concentrated form) comprising:

[0033] Antipathogenic compounds, including potassium sorbate; and

[0034] Chemical activators include an acid, at least one (C 12 –C 16 (C1-C8) alkyl esters of alkyl acids, anionic surfactants and nonionic surfactants,

[0035] wherein the antipathogenic compound further comprises water as a diluent such that the potassium sorbate comprises 35-55% by weight of the antipathogenic compound, the antipathogenic compound has a pH range of about 7.0 to about 10.0, and

[0036] The chemical activator further comprises water as a diluent, so that the acid accounts for 30-55% by weight of the chemical activator, and at least one (C 12 –C 16 )alkyl esters of alkyl acids account for 0.5-5 weight percent of the chemical activator, anionic surfactants account for 1-5 weight percent of the chemical activator, and nonionic surfactants account for 3-10 weight percent of the chemical activator, and the pH range of the chemical activator is between 0.0 and about 3.0.

[0037] It should be understood that preferred embodiments of the agricultural composition are provided in concentrated form, with the antipathogenic compound and the chemical activator both provided in their concentrated form. These concentrated forms can be further diluted with water or other chemical solvents before application in the application.

[0038] In use, the antipathogenic compound (in concentrated form) and the chemical activator (in concentrated form) can be mixed and / or diluted, wherein the resulting stable tank mix of the diluted agricultural composition provides a pH between about 4 and about 6. The tank mix is ​​then applied to or near the plant or part thereof.

[0039] In a specific preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided an agricultural composition comprising:

[0040] Antipathogenic compounds, including potassium sorbate; and

[0041] Chemical activators include an acid, at least one (C 12 –C 16 (C1-C8) alkyl esters of alkyl acids, anionic surfactants and nonionic surfactants,

[0042] wherein the antipathogenic compound further comprises water and urea as diluents, such that potassium sorbate accounts for 35-55% by weight of the antipathogenic compound, urea accounts for 1-5% by weight of the antipathogenic compound, and the pH of the antipathogenic compound ranges from about 7.0 to about 10.0, and

[0043] wherein the chemical activator may further comprise water as a diluent, and wherein the acid is citric acid, such that the citric acid comprises 30-55% by weight of the chemical activator, wherein at least one (C 12 –C 16 The (C1-C8)alkyl ester of the alkyl acid is isopropyl myristate and / or isopropyl laurate, for example, isopropyl myristate and / or isopropyl laurate account for 0.5-5% by weight of the chemical activator,

[0044] wherein the anionic surfactant is sodium lauryl ether sulfate, such that the sodium lauryl ether sulfate comprises 1-5 weight percent of the chemical activator, and

[0045] The nonionic surfactant is a fatty alcohol ethoxylate such that the fatty alcohol ethoxylate comprises 3-10 weight percent of the chemical activator and the pH of the chemical activator is between 0.0 and about 3.0.

[0046] It should be understood that the preferred embodiment of this particular agricultural composition is provided in concentrated form, and the antipathogenic compound and chemical activator are provided in their concentrated form. These concentrated forms can be further diluted with water or other chemical solvents before being applied in the application.

[0047] In use, the antipathogenic compound (in concentrated form) and the chemical activator (in concentrated form) can be mixed and / or diluted, wherein the resulting stable tank mix of the diluted agricultural composition provides a pH between about 4 and about 6. The tank mix is ​​then applied to or near the plant or part thereof.

[0048] It will be appreciated that the compositions according to the present disclosure may be packaged and sold in separate containers comprising the antipathogenic compound and the chemical activator in concentrated form. In use, the user may dilute the composition prior to application to crops.

[0049] Alternatively or additionally, the compositions according to the present disclosure can be packaged and sold in two separate containers, a first container for the concentrated form of the antipathogenic compound and a second container for the concentrated form of the chemical activator. The antipathogenic compound and chemical activator of the first and second containers can then be diluted separately before application to crops.

[0050] According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, a method for producing the agricultural composition of the first aspect of the present disclosure is provided, the method comprising the step of mixing an antipathogenic compound and a chemical activator to provide the agricultural composition of the first aspect of the present disclosure.

[0051] The mixing step may include diluting the anti-pathogenic compound (in concentrated form) and the chemical activator (in concentrated form) separately in water prior to mixing the diluted anti-pathogenic compound and the diluted chemical activator.

[0052] Alternatively or additionally, the mixing step may comprise mixing together the anti-pathogenic compound (in concentrated form) and the chemical activator (in concentrated form) and then diluting the mixture in water to provide a diluted agricultural composition.

[0053] Alternatively or additionally, the mixing step may include diluting the antipathogenic compound with water to obtain a stable, diluted solution of inactivated antipathogenic compound; and then diluting the chemical activator in the stable, diluted solution of inactivated antipathogenic compound to provide a diluted agricultural composition.

[0054] In a specific example embodiment of the method, the mixing step may include:

[0055] (i) diluting the antipathogenic compound with water in a weight ratio of about 1:100 to about 1:10 of the antipathogenic compound to water to obtain a stable dilute solution of the inactivated antipathogenic compound; and then

[0056] (ii) diluting the chemical activator with a diluted solution of an aqueous unactivated antipathogenic compound in a weight ratio of antipathogenic compound to chemical activator of about 1:0.4 to about 1:2 to obtain a stable pot mix having a pH in the range of about 4.0 to about 6.0,

[0057] to provide a diluted agricultural composition.

[0058] According to a third aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided the agricultural composition of the first aspect of the present disclosure described above for controlling pathogens and / or treating diseases caused by the pathogens. The pathogen may be at least one pathogen selected from the group consisting of Aspergillus niger, Botrytis cinerea, Colletotrichum fioriniae, Fusarium moniliforme, Fusarium oxysporum, Macrophomina phaseolina, Verticillium dahlia, Xanthomonas arboricola pv., Plasmoparaviticola, Acetobacter spp., Erysiphe necator, and Guignardia bidwellii.

[0059] According to a fourth aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a method for controlling and / or treating pathogens and / or a method for treating diseases caused by the pathogens, the method comprising applying the agricultural composition of the first aspect of the present disclosure described above to or near a plant or seed. The pathogen may be at least one pathogen selected from the group consisting of Aspergillus niger, Botrytis cinerea, Colletotrichum fioriniae, Fusarium moniliforme, Fusarium oxysporum, Macrophomina phaseolina, Verticillium dahlia, Xanthomonas arboricola pv., Plasmopara viticola, Acetobacter spp., Erysiphe necator, and Guignardia bidwellii.

[0060] The composition in the method is diluted prior to application on or near the plant or seed to provide a diluted agricultural composition, preferably diluted in water.

[0061] The method wherein application to or near the plant or seed is performed by at least one device selected from the group consisting of an air-assisted sprayer, a conventional sprayer, an ultra-low volume device such as an air sprayer, an electrostatic sprayer, a fogger and an atomizing spray device, as well as a chemical irrigation system, a pivot, a sprinkler, and combinations thereof.

[0062] The application in the method can be applied to a plant selected from, but not limited to, a plant, tree, fruit, vegetable, foliage, stem, root, seed or flower, animal, equipment, feedlot, feedlot, barn, animal housing unit, agricultural implement, farm building, storage area or food contact area before or after harvest to control disease-causing fungal and / or bacterial pathogens in use.

[0063] The method extends to applying an agricultural composition, preferably a diluted agricultural composition, to an animal to control disease-causing fungal and / or bacterial pathogens.

[0064] The method further extends to applying the agricultural composition, preferably a diluted agricultural composition, to equipment, feedlots, feedlots, barns, animal housing units, tools, buildings, storage areas, or food contact areas to control disease-causing fungal and / or bacterial pathogens.

[0065] In certain embodiments of the methods, the agricultural composition, preferably a diluted agricultural composition, can be prepared in a mix tank, spray tank, container, or inline irrigation system prior to application and / or use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0066] Figure 1 . Graph showing the percent inhibition of Aspergillus niger after exposure to (or treatment with) the compositions of the present disclosure and other compounds;

[0067] Figure 2 . Graphs showing the percent inhibition of Botrytis cinerea following exposure to (or treatment with) the compositions of the present disclosure and other compounds;

[0068] Figure 3 . Graph showing the percent inhibition of Colletotrichum fioriniae after exposure to (or treatment with) the compositions of the present disclosure and other compounds;

[0069] Figure 4 . Graphs show the percent inhibition of Fusarium moniliforme following exposure to (or treatment with) the compositions of the present disclosure and other compounds;

[0070] Figure 5 . Graphs show the percent inhibition of Fusarium oxysporum following exposure to (or treatment with) the compositions of the present disclosure and other compounds;

[0071] Figure 6 . Graph showing the percent inhibition of Macrophomina phaseolina after exposure to (or treatment with) the compositions of the present disclosure and other compounds;

[0072] Figure 7 . Graphs show the percent inhibition of Verticillium dahlia after exposure to (or treatment with) the compositions of the present disclosure and other compounds;

[0073] Figure 8 . Graph showing the percent inhibition of Xanthomonas arboricola pv. juglandis after exposure to (or treatment with) the compositions of the present disclosure and other compounds;

[0074] Figure 9The mean percentage severity of leaves for each treatment on the evaluation date is shown. Within each category, values ​​followed by the same letter indicate no significant difference as determined by ANOVA (α=0.10). The pH of the ORO-159 fungicide was adjusted to 5-5.2 using OR-278-C (i.e., the fungicide and chemical activator were mixed to provide an agricultural composition according to the present disclosure).

[0075] Figure 10 Shown are the mean incidence and severity percentages for each treatment cluster on the assessment date. Within each category, values ​​followed by the same letter indicate no significant difference as determined by ANOVA (α=0.10).

[0076] Figure 11 Yield (tons / acre) for each treatment is shown. Values ​​followed by the same letter indicate no significant difference as determined by ANOVA (α=0.10).

[0077] Figure 12 The Brix, pH and titratable acidity are shown for each treatment. Detailed Description of the Invention

[0078] The contents of the above brief description of the invention are all repeated by reference herein and will not be elaborated again to avoid repetition.

[0079] Provided are the production and use of agricultural compositions comprising an antipathogenic compound (typically potassium sorbate) and a chemical activator adjuvant. Typically, the antipathogenic compound and the chemical activator are prepared as concentrates, which are then mixed to provide the agricultural composition. The antipathogenic compound and / or the chemical activator can be diluted before mixing. Alternatively, the antipathogenic compound and the chemical activator can be diluted after mixing. The agricultural composition is typically diluted with water to provide a stable tank mix of the diluted agricultural composition before use and application to or near crops to control pathogen populations and / or control and / or treat diseases associated with the pathogens. The present disclosure extends to applying the agricultural composition to or near animals, buildings, equipment, and the like. The agricultural composition according to the present disclosure is stable before and during use.

[0080] The antipathogenic compounds according to the present disclosure generally comprise potassium sorbate dissolved in water and are stable as a concentrate and in a tank mix. The antipathogenic compounds are provided as compositions comprising more than one chemical compound. The concentrated, stable organic antipathogenic compound may comprise: potassium sorbate in an amount of 35.0-50.0% by weight; urea in an amount of 1.0-3.0% by weight; and water as a diluent to make up to 100% by weight, wherein the organic antipathogenic compound concentrate has a pH range of 7.0-10.0.

[0081] Chemical activators (pH adjusters and adjuvants when used) according to the present disclosure typically comprise at least one compound derived from a (C1-C8) alkyl ester (typically derived from (C 12 –C 16 A solvent comprising an ester group (e.g., an ester group (e.g., an alkyl acid); one or more anionic surfactants; one or more nonionic surfactants; an aqueous citric acid solution; and water. In certain embodiments, oil and / or other additives may be further added. The chemical activator is stable as a concentrate and is stable in a tank mix. The pH of the chemical activator adjuvant concentrate is less than 3.0.

[0082] When the antipathogenic compound (in concentrated form) and the chemical activator (in concentrated form) are mixed and diluted, the resulting tank mix of the diluted agricultural composition provides a pH between about 4 and about 6. The tank mix is ​​then applied to or near the plant or part thereof.

[0083] definition

[0084] As used herein, the term "adjuvant" is a broad term that should be given its ordinary and customary meaning by those skilled in the art (and not limited to a special or customary meaning), and refers to, but is not limited to, agents that modify the effects of other agents, or more specifically, agents that are used to enhance the effectiveness of pesticides such as herbicides, insecticides, fungicides and other agents.

[0085] As used herein, the term "stable" is a broad term in combination or association with the term "emulsion" and is to be given its ordinary and customary meaning to those skilled in the art (and is not limited to a special or customized meaning), and refers to, but is not limited to, emulsion stability, i.e., the ability of an emulsion to resist changes in its properties over time, such that the droplet size in the emulsion does not change significantly over time (more specifically, during the period of mixing with water for application to a target), and is therefore given its ordinary meaning accustomed to those skilled in the art. As used herein, the term "stable" is a broad term in combination or association with the term "accelerated storage stability" and refers to the fact that after a sample is stored for 15 days under at least three conditions: room temperature (about 20°C); low temperature (0°C or 5°C); and high temperature (54°C), the formulation maintains similar performance in terms of physical and chemical properties. Storage stability testing was performed according to the CIPAC MT 36 method.

[0086] As used herein, the term "solvent" is a broad term and is to be given its ordinary and customary meaning by those skilled in the art (and is not limited to a special or customary meaning), and refers to, but is not limited to, compounds that have some property of being able to dissolve other compounds, or meaning that they are polar or non-polar, straight or branched chain, cyclic or aliphatic, aromatic, cycloalkane, and includes, but is not limited to: alcohols, esters, diesters, ketones, acetates, terpenes, sulfoxides, glycols, alkanes, hydrocarbons, anhydrides, heterocyclic compounds, and the like.

[0087] Whenever a group is described as "optionally substituted," the group may be unsubstituted or substituted with one or more of the specified substituents. Similarly, when a group is described as "unsubstituted or substituted," if substituted, the substituents may be selected from one or more of the specified substituents. If no substituents are specified, it is meant that the group specified as "optionally substituted" or "substituted" may be substituted with one or more groups individually and independently selected from the group consisting of: alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, cycloalkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heteroalicyclic, aralkyl, heteroaralkyl, (heteroalicyclic)alkyl, hydroxy, protected hydroxy, alkoxy, aryloxy, acyl, thiol, alkylthio, arylthio, cyano, halogen, thiocarbonyl, O-carbamoyl, N-carbamoyl, O-thiocarbamoyl, N-thiocarbamoyl, C-acyl amino, N-amide, S-sulfonamido, N-sulfonamido, C-carboxyl, protected C-carboxyl, O-carboxyl, isocyanato, thiocyanato, isothiocyanato, nitro, silyl, sulfhydryl, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, trihalomethanesulfonyl, trihalomethanesulfonamido, amino, monosubstituted amino and disubstituted amino, and protected derivatives thereof.

[0088] As used herein, the term "alkyl" is a broad term and is to be given its ordinary and customary meaning to those skilled in the art (without being limited to a special or customary meaning) and refers to, but is not limited to, a straight or branched chain, acyclic or cyclic, unsaturated or saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon containing 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36 or more carbon atoms, while the term "lower alkyl" means an alkyl group containing 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 carbon atoms. Representative saturated straight-chain alkyl groups include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, n-pentyl, n-hexyl, and the like; while saturated branched-chain alkyl groups include isopropyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, isopentyl, and the like. Unsaturated alkyl groups contain at least one double bond or triple bond between adjacent carbon atoms (referred to as "alkenyl" or "alkynyl," respectively). Representative straight-chain and branched alkenyl groups include ethenyl, propenyl, 1-butenyl, 2-butenyl, isobutenyl, 1-pentenyl, 2-pentenyl, 3-methyl-1-butenyl, 2-methyl-2-butenyl, 2,3-dimethyl-2-butenyl, and the like; while representative straight-chain and branched alkynyl groups include ethynyl, propynyl, 1-butynyl, 2-butynyl, 1-pentynyl, 2-pentynyl, 3-methyl-1-butynyl, and the like. Typical alkyl groups include, but are in no way limited to, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl, octadecyl, nonadecyl, eicosyl, heneicosyl, docosyl, tricosyl, tetracosyl, pentacosyl, hexacosyl, heptacosyl, octacosyl, nonadecyl, triacontyl, trineicosyl, dotriacontyl, tritriacontyl, tetratriacontyl, pentatriacontyl, and hexatriacontyl. Alkyl groups can be substituted or unsubstituted.

[0089] As used herein, the term "alkoxy" is a broad term to be given its ordinary and customary meaning to those skilled in the art (without being limited to a special or customary meaning), and refers to, but is not limited to, an alkyl moiety attached through an oxygen bridge (i.e., -O-alkyl), such as methoxy, ethoxy, and the like.

[0090] As used herein, the term "thioalkyl" is a broad term that is to be given its ordinary and customary meaning as given to those skilled in the art (without being limited to a special or customary meaning), and refers to, but is not limited to, an alkyl moiety attached through a sulfur bridge (i.e., -S-alkyl), for example, methylthio, ethylthio, and the like.

[0091] As used herein, the term "alcohol" is a broad term to be given its ordinary and customary meaning to those skilled in the art (and not to be limited to a special or customary meaning), and refers to, but is not limited to, any compound described herein that contains one or more hydroxyl groups, or is substituted with one or more hydroxyl groups or is functionalized to contain one or more hydroxyl groups.

[0092] As used herein, the term "ester" is a broad term that is to be given its ordinary and customary meaning by those of ordinary skill in the art (and not limited to a special or customary meaning), and refers to, but is not limited to, any compound described herein that contains one or more ester groups, for example, a monoester, diester, triester, or polyester, or any compound substituted with one or more ester groups or functionalized to contain one or more ester groups. Esters include, but are not limited to, fatty acid esters.

[0093] As used herein, the term "acetate" is a broad term to be given its ordinary and customary meaning to those skilled in the art (and not to be limited to a special or customary meaning), and refers to, but is not limited to, any compound described herein that contains one or more acetate groups, such as a salt, ester, or other compound containing a CH3COO- moiety.

[0094] As used herein, the term "terpene" is a broad term to be given its ordinary and customary meaning to those of ordinary skill in the art (and not to be limited to a special or customary meaning), and refers to, but is not limited to, any compound described herein that is derived from a resin of a plant (e.g., a conifer or citrus), or a synthetically produced compound having the same structure as a plant-derived terpene. Terpenes can include hydrocarbons containing other functional groups, as well as terpene analogs, and essential oils. Terpenes can include compounds having the formula (CH)n, where n is the number of linked isoprene units (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, or more).

[0095] As used herein, the term "terpene-containing natural oil" is a broad term that is to be given its ordinary and customary meaning by those skilled in the art (and not limited to a special or customary meaning), and means, but is not limited to, a natural oil containing at least 50% terpenes selected from, but not limited to, the group consisting of citrus oil, orange oil, grapefruit oil, lemon oil, lime oil, tangerine oil, and pine oil, or a fraction thereof.

[0096] As used herein, the term "sulfoxide" is a broad term to be given its ordinary and customary meaning to those skilled in the art (and not to be limited to a special or customary meaning), and refers to, but is not limited to, any compound described herein that contains one or more sulfinyl (SO) groups, or is substituted with one or more sulfinyl groups or is functionalized to contain one or more sulfinyl groups.

[0097] As used herein, the term "ethylene glycol" is a broad term that is to be given its ordinary and customary meaning by those skilled in the art (and is not limited to a special or customary meaning) and can include diols, such as polyalkylene glycols, such as polyethylene glycol (a polymer having the formula H(OCH2CH2)nOH, where n is greater than 3), polypropylene glycol, or diols containing monomers with longer hydrocarbon chains.

[0098] As used herein, the term "paraffin" is a broad term that is to be given its ordinary and customary meaning by those of ordinary skill in the art (and not limited to a special or customary meaning), and refers to, but is not limited to, heavier alkanes, such as alkanes that form liquids or waxes at room temperature, and functionalized alkanes, such as chlorinated alkanes, and mineral or synthetic oils containing hydrocarbons. As used herein, room temperature refers to ambient conditions, such as in a climate-controlled building, e.g., about 20°C.

[0099] As used herein, the term "hydrocarbon" is a broad term that is to be given its ordinary and customary meaning by those skilled in the art (without being limited to a special or customary meaning), and refers to, but is not limited to, any compound containing only carbon and hydrogen atoms. Functionalized hydrocarbons or substituted hydrocarbons have one or more substituents, as described elsewhere herein.

[0100] As used herein, the term "anhydride" is a broad term to be given its ordinary and customary meaning to those skilled in the art (and not to be limited to a special or customary meaning), and refers to, but is not limited to, any compound described herein that contains one or more anhydride groups (formula (RC(O))2O) or is substituted with one or more anhydride groups or is functionalized to include one or more anhydride groups.

[0101] As used herein, the term "sulfonic acid" is a broad term that is given its ordinary and customary meaning to those skilled in the art (without being limited to a special or customary meaning), and refers to, but is not limited to, for example, formic acid, acetic acid, succinic acid, lactic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, ascorbic acid, nicotinic acid, methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, salicylic acid, or naphthalenesulfonic acid. In addition, sulfonic acid may include hydrocarbon sulfonic acids, such as arylsulfonic acid, alkylbenzenesulfonic acid.

[0102] As used herein, the term "vegetable oil" is a broad term that will be given its ordinary and customary meaning (without being limited to a special or customary meaning) by those of ordinary skill in the art, and refers to, but is not limited to, the oily fatty acid components of plant matter, such as saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and the like. Vegetable oils can be functionalized, such as alkoxylated, hydroxylated, aminated, and the like. Functionalized vegetable oils are derivatives of vegetable oils or other fatty substances, or substances of similar composition, regardless of the source of the substance. In some embodiments, the functionalized vegetable oil is an epoxidized unsaturated triglyceride. Epoxidized unsaturated triglycerides are triesters of glycerol. Glycerol is bonded to three straight or branched carboxylic acids, at least one of which contains an epoxide moiety. For example, an epoxidized unsaturated triglyceride can be a derivative of an unsaturated fatty acid triglyceride (e.g., a plant or animal fat or oil) in which at least one C=C portion of the parent unsaturated fatty acid triglyceride is replaced by an epoxide moiety (i.e., an oxygen-containing three-membered ring). If the parent unsaturated fatty acid triglyceride has more than one C=C moiety, one, some or all of the C=C moieties may be substituted with an epoxide moiety. When the term "vegetable oil" is used herein, it is understood to include animal fats or oils of synthetic origin having the same chemical structure as vegetable oils. Examples of vegetable or animal fats or oils include coconut oil, corn oil, cottonseed oil, olive oil, palm oil, peanut oil, rapeseed oil, canola oil, safflower oil, sesame oil, soybean oil, sunflower oil, castor oil, tallow, and the like.

[0103] As used herein, any abbreviation for a compound, unless otherwise indicated, conforms to its common usage, recognized abbreviation, or the IUPAC-IUB Biochemical Nomenclature Commission (see, Biochem. 11:942-944 (1972)).

[0104] Unless otherwise indicated, any percentages, ratios or other quantities referred to herein are on a weight basis.

[0105] In addition to isolated monocyclic moieties, ring systems referred to herein also include fused, bridged, and spirocyclic moieties. Example

[0106] The following examples should not be considered as limiting the present disclosure.The extensive disclosures made in the Brief Description of the Invention and the Detailed Description of the Invention herein above are repeated by reference.

[0107] Method for preparing liquid concentrate of organic antipathogenic compound

[0108] The antipathogenic compound typically comprises an aqueous solution of potassium sorbate and, in certain embodiments, further comprises urea. The antipathogenic compound is typically organic and can be prepared in the form of a concentrate, which is then added to a chemical activator to provide an agricultural composition according to the present disclosure. The antipathogenic compound concentrate and / or the chemical activator concentrate can be diluted and / or mixed to provide a diluted agricultural composition. For illustration, a method for preparing an organic antipathogenic concentrate as used in the non-limiting examples comprises the following steps: mixing potassium sorbate in granular form with water in a container to form a first solution, such that potassium sorbate is about 20.0% to about 60% by weight of the first solution, preferably about 35.0% to about 50.0% by weight of the first solution, and water is about 25% to about 75% by weight of the first solution, preferably about 50% to about 65% by weight of the first solution. In a typical example embodiment, for the avoidance of doubt, about 35.0g to about 50.0g of potassium sorbate is added to about 50.0g to about 65g of water and stirred until all of potassium sorbate dissolves to provide an antipathogenic compound according to the present disclosure. In a specific embodiment, the method may further include adding urea (technical grade) to the first solution to form a second solution, such that urea is about 0.1% by weight to about 10% by weight of the second solution, preferably about 2.0% by weight to about 5.0% by weight of the second solution. The first and / or second solution is continuously stirred until potassium sorbate and / or urea are completely dissolved in water, to provide the antipathogenic compound. Heating is not required, but can be advantageously adopted according to the physical state and characteristics of each compound, mainly because urea is endothermic during dissociation. For specific purposes, other additives may be added to the second solution, such as clarifiers, defoamers, antifreeze agents, solubilizers, UV stabilizers, colorants, nutrients, amino acids, sea extracts, anti-drift agents, antifreeze agents, and even water or other solvents, and / or other additives commonly used in fungicide compositions. This preparation method provides a concentrated form of the antipathogenic compound according to the first aspect of the present disclosure.

[0109] Preparation method of pH regulator and activator adjuvant concentrate

[0110] Chemical activators according to the present disclosure may also be referred to as pH adjusters and / or adjuvants when used. For illustration, a method for preparing a chemical activator as used in a non-limiting example comprises the following steps: mixing a nonionic surfactant, such as an ethoxylated fatty alcohol, in an amount of about 5% to 30% by weight, preferably about 15.0 to about 25.0% by weight, into a container containing water, followed by the addition of one or more anionic surfactants, such as sodium lauryl ether sulfate in an amount of about 1.0% to about 15% by weight, preferably about 7.0 to about 10.0% by weight, and then adding one or more selected from (C 12 –C16 ) alkyl acid (C1-C8) alkyl ester solvent, such as about 0.1% to about 10% by weight, preferably about 0.5 to about 5.0% by weight of isopropyl myristate, and then add 20% to about 60% by weight, preferably about 30 to about 55.0% by weight of a 50% citric acid aqueous solution. The preparation method is to stir the mixture in a clean container until it is completely dissolved. In a typical embodiment, for the avoidance of doubt, the following substances are mixed with 50g to 65g of water and stirred to form a chemical activator: one or more nonionic surfactants such as 15.0g to 25.0g of ethoxylated fatty alcohols, one or more anionic surfactants such as 7.0g to 10.0g of sodium lauryl ether sulfate, one or more from (C 12 –C 16 ) alkyl ester of a (C1-C8) alkyl acid, for example 0.5g to 5.0g of isopropyl myristate, 30.0g to 55.0g of a 50% aqueous solution of citric acid. Heating is not required, but can be advantageously employed depending on the physical state and properties of each compound during dissociation or emulsification. For specific purposes, other additives such as clarifiers, defoamers, antifreeze agents, solubilizers, UV stabilizers, colorants, nutrients, amino acids, sea extracts, anti-drift agents, antifreeze agents, and even water or other solvents, and / or other additives commonly used in adjuvant compositions, can be used. The above-mentioned preparation method provides a concentrated form of the chemical activator according to the first aspect of the present disclosure.

[0111] Preparation of agricultural compositions

[0112] According to some embodiments, two different liquid organic antipathogen compounds and two different chemical activators were prepared. The organic antipathogen compound concentrates are represented by ORO-159-A, ORO-159-B, and ORO-159-G. The chemical activator concentrates are represented by ORO-097-V, ORO-278-C, and ORO-278-E. Detailed descriptions of each embodiment are shown in Tables 1 and 2. Various ingredients are used in different formulations, including: potassium sorbate granules to provide the active ingredient for the antipathogenic compound (and also have fungicidal effects); ethoxylated alcohol, POE-6 – a nonionic surfactant; triethanolamine dodecylbenzene sulfonate – an anionic surfactant; sodium lauryl ether sulfate – an anionic surfactant; polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate / ester – an anionic surfactant; isopropyl myristate – an alkyl ester of an alkyl acid; isopropyl laurate – an alkyl ester of an alkyl acid; methyl laurate – an alkyl ester of an alkyl acid; citric acid 50% – an acidulant; urea granules – a stabilizer; and humic acid – a chelating agent.

[0113] Table 1: Antipathogenic compounds prepared according to the present disclosure

[0114]

[0115] Table 2: Chemical Activators Prepared According to the Present Disclosure

[0116]

[0117] Physicochemical and accelerated stability testing

[0118] Samples of the products of certain embodiments were compared with commercially available products and analyzed to determine their physicochemical properties and performance when diluted in water - pH, solubility; and performance when diluted in pure adjuvants - pH, solubility, stability, as described in CIPAC Handbook F - Collaborative International Pesticide Analytical Ltd, 1994, reprinted in 2007, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. The analysis confirmed that the agricultural compositions prepared according to this embodiment exhibited stability in the accelerated storage stability test, and all samples were stable even under room temperature, cold (14 days at 0°C) or hot conditions (14 days at 54°C).

[0119] Table 3: Physical and chemical and accelerated stability test results of fungicides and chemical activators according to the present disclosure fruit

[0120]

[0121] Disease bioefficacy screening

[0122] Samples of agricultural compositions according to certain embodiments were compared to other products and samples in a disease bioavailability screening evaluation at the University of California Davis / Kearney Agricultural Research and Extension Center. The results were evaluated in vitro for pH effects, adjuvant effects, and efficacy against a wide range of common or applicable plant pathogens. Sample identification is shown in Tables 4 and 5.

[0123] Table 4: Sample Identification - Agricultural Compositions According to the Disclosure

[0124]

[0125] Table 5: Sample Identification – Comparison of Products and References

[0126]

[0127] *-EXP.I (commercial product based on natural oils )**-EXP.II(Commercial products based on natural oils )***-EXP.III(based on natural oil )****-EXP.IV(Commercial product ) All commercially available products have known antifungal properties.

[0128] Growth inhibition was measured using potato dextrose agar (PDA) amended with the test compound to compare the colony growth of several fungi. Ordinary (unamended) PDA plates were used as controls. Aspergillus niger, Botrytis cinerea, Colletotrichum fioriniae, Fusarium moniliforme, F. oxysporum, Macrophomina phaseolina, Verticillium dahlia, and Xanthomonas arboricolapv. juglandis cultures were grown on acidified potato dextrose agar. Amended and control plates were inoculated with mycelial plugs (5 mm diameter) and then incubated at 25°C until each species colony in the control approached the edge of the plate. At that time, the colony radius was measured and the percentage inhibition of each test compound relative to the control plate radius was calculated.

[0129] Table 6: Summary of the percentage inhibition of growth of various important plant pathogens by various agricultural compositions and comparative products

[0130]

[0131] Values ​​with the same letter are not significantly different. Comparisons were made only within pathogens, not between pathogens.

[0132] The results of these in vitro tests showed that some of these compounds were very effective in inhibiting the growth of certain test pathogens. For example, 0.5% OR-159B mixed with 0.25% OR-278-C, 1% OR-159-B mixed with 0.25% OR-278-C (treatments 1 and 2), and 0.5% OR-159-B mixed with 0.25% OR-097-V and 1% OR-159-B mixed with 0.5% OR-097-V (treatments 3 and 4) had significantly stronger inhibition against all eight plant pathogens tested. Fusarium moniliforme, F. oxysporum, Macrophomina phaseolina, Verticillium dahlia, and Xanthomonas arboricola pv. juglandis were completely inhibited.

[0133] 0.5% OR-159-G, 1% OR-159-G and 2% OR-159-G and each mixed with 50% citric acid (treatments 8, 9 and 10) showed very little inhibition against A. niger or C. fioriniae (treatments 9 and 10), but showed some significant inhibition against B. cinerea, F. moniliforme, F. oxysporum, M. phaseolina, V. dahlia and X. arboricola pv. juglandis. A 2% ratio of OR-159-G (treatment 10) produced 100% inhibition of M. phaseolina and X. arboricolapv. juglandis (Table 6).

[0134] With one or two exceptions, all other treatments (treatments 11 to 15 and 17 and 18) showed inhibition of most fungi ranging from 44% to 100%. Exp. I, Exp. II and Exp. III were based on volatile natural oils and performed unsatisfactorily. Exp. IV was a commercially available product. Treatments 13 and 14 were based on the reference product PREV-10 based on orange oil and sodium tetraborate decahydrate. Its performance was inferior to that shown by the products according to the present disclosure (treatments 1-4).

[0135] The results obtained from this study are very promising, as most of the compounds tested here can significantly inhibit a wide range of serious plant pathogens. This indicates that after the registration of these compounds, growers will have materials that are effective against a wide range of important pathogens. The comparison of each pathogen is shown in Figures 1 to 8 .

[0136] A synergistic relationship is evident between the OR-159 fungicide and the chemical activator adjuvant, significantly improving control compared to using only citric acid-acidified OR-159. Mixing OR-159-B with OR-278-C and OR-159-B with OR-097-V showed excellent synergy and promising therapeutic effects, which are very helpful for disease control. The inclusion of the chemical activator demonstrated improved antipathogenic properties against fungi. This was surprising and unexpected.

[0137] pH challenge test

[0138] Product samples of certain embodiments were evaluated in a pH challenge test for their behavior when diluted in distilled water (DI water), CIPAC A water (20 ppm hardness), CIPAC D water (342 ppm hardness), and 1000 ppm ASTM water - pH was measured in pure water at three specific pH values ​​- 4.00, 7.00, and 9.00, and before the addition of an organic fungicide according to the present disclosure and before the addition of a chemical activator (adjuvant / pH adjuster).

[0139] Table 7: pH Challenge Testing Using Organic Fungicides and Chemical Activator Adjuvants Prepared According to the Present Disclosure

[0140] product pH(@25℃) pH(@25℃) pH(@25℃) DI water 4.00 7.00 9.00 OR-159-B (@1%) 7.45 7.21 8.8 OR-278-C (@1%) 4.55 4.40 4.50 CIPAC A water - 20ppm 4.00 7.00 9.00 OR-159-B (@1%) 7.62 7.78 8.67 OR-278-C (@1%) 4.33 4.50 4.56 CIPAC D water - 342ppm 4.00 7.00 9.00 OR-159-B (@1%) 7.80 8.01 8.61 OR-278-C (@1%) 4.3 4.53 4.57 ASTM water - 1000ppm 4.00 7.00 9.00 OR-159-B (@1%) 7.74 8.08 8.4 OR-278-C (@1%) 4.30 4.47 4.45

[0141] Samples of the agricultural compositions according to the present disclosure exhibited stable behavior even when diluted in soft and hard water, from low to high pH. The organic fungicides prepared according to the present disclosure exhibited high solubility and stability—all solutions were clear. After the pH adjusters and activating adjuvants prepared according to the present disclosure were added to solutions containing the organic fungicides, all tests showed very stable and similar final pH values ​​of approximately 4.30 to 4.56, demonstrating the adjuvant's high ability to adjust pH, regardless of the initial pH or quality of the water. All solutions exhibited clarity and complete dissolution of the product, which will facilitate the activity of the dissociated sorbate anion.

[0142] Examples of commercially available products include those from Oro The following products: Adjuvant based on ethoxylated alcohol and orange oil, Organic adjuvants based on ethoxylated alcohols, and the following products from other companies used as reference treatments: ( OPTI) from Fungicide and bactericide based on the QST 713 strain of Bacillus subtilis. According to the CIPAC MT 46 test, all evaluated samples were stable even at room temperature, cold (14 days at 0°C) or hot conditions (14 days at 54°C).

[0143] Table 8: Oro Commercial products and Physical and chemical results of the reference product

[0144]

[0145] Field trials evaluating products prepared according to the invention

[0146] The purpose of this trial was to evaluate several Oro Agri products and adjuvants for the control of powdery mildew on Washington wine grapes. Powdery mildew incidence and severity, as well as phytotoxicity, were the variables measured.

[0147] Method Summary: This trial was established on an 11-year-old Chardonnay wine grape plot in Grandview, Washington. The soil series consisted of Chanot silt loam, a loamy soil with loess as parent material. The trial plots were drip-irrigated and maintained with fertility and pesticides according to standard grower practices. Plots consisted of five grapevines and a buffered grapevine. Treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design with four replicates. Treatments included eight fungicide tank mixes in distilled water, as well as an untreated check (Table 9).

[0148] Table 9: List of test products and ratios used for each treatment

[0149]

[0150] Applications were made every 10 days throughout the season, for a total of 10 applications. The product was applied using a Stihl SR 200 backpack sprayer. The first spray volume was 50 gal / ac, the second was 100 gal / ac, and the remainder of the season was 150 gal / ac.

[0151] To promote powdery mildew growth, the test plots were inoculated with a conidial inoculum two weeks after anthesis. Infected leaves were collected from a site approximately 10 miles away, cut, and washed in distilled water containing 0.1% Tween 20. The suspension was applied to all plots using a Stihl SR 200 backpack sprayer, spraying to cover.

[0152] Phytotoxicity ratings were performed before each application throughout the season. Twenty-five bunches from each plot were also rated for incidence and severity. The median vine from each plot was harvested. Bunches were weighed. Subsamples of bunches from each plot were packed in ice packs in a refrigerator and shipped overnight to the Fresno State University Viticulture Laboratory for further quality analysis. pH, Brix, and titratable acidity were measured. Statistical analyses were performed using ANOVA with a Tukey-Kramer correction and an alpha of 0.10 in SAS 9.4.

[0153] The incidence of powdery mildew on leaves recorded in all plots averaged 99-100%. Mildew severity on untreated leaves was also high, approaching 75%. All product treatments statistically reduced severity relative to untreated ( Figure 9 The grower's standard Serenade Opti did not control leaf mold severity well, with an average of nearly half of the leaves showing symptoms. The addition of a surfactant did improve effectiveness, Resulting in a 25% reduction in severity. In addition to the 1% figure that outperformed the 2%, administration of OR-159-B showed a ratio response. 2% of OR-159-B, 1% of OR-159-B and Opti+ There was no statistical difference and it was the most effective product in reducing leaf lesion severity.

[0154] Berry mildew incidence was very high at the time of evaluation. Severity in the untreated plots averaged 37%, and all treatments statistically reduced bunch mildew severity ( Figure 10 The same trends observed for leaf disease severity in the OR-159-B treatment were also observed for bunch disease; except that the 1% rate numerically outperformed the 2% rate, the rate response was clear. Bunches receiving Serenade Opti had high mildew severity ratings, and the addition of Doesn't seem to help. However, compared to individual grower standards, As an effective adjuvant, it reduced the severity of clusters by 31%. In total, OR-159-B, followed by 1% and 2%, Opti+ It is clearly the most effective treatment in reducing the severity of bunch disease.

[0155] Yields of vinifying grapes are moderate, low enough to maintain berry quality ( Figure 11 Increasing the OR-159-B ratio did correspond to higher grape tonnage, with a 2% ratio resulting in the highest average yield in the trial. Opti yields were lower than when combined with the adjuvant. The worst plot was the untreated plot, at 5.5 tons / acre. These results do not closely reflect the severity of powdery mildew, so other factors, such as fruit set, may have a greater impact on yield than disease pressure. Additionally, there were no statistically significant differences in yield between treatments. Replications 3 and 4 had higher yields than the other two plots.

[0156] Conclusion a) Inoculation proved effective in inducing powdery mildew infection, as visible signs appeared approximately 10 days after the inoculation spray. Disease progression continued smoothly thereafter, with powdery mildew visible on stems and vines, as well as on leaves and berries. Excellent spray coverage was achieved with a 10-day interval spray schedule. No phytotoxicity was observed with the application of any Oro-Agri product at any time during the season, keeping in mind that OR-159-B was applied with the pH-adjusting adjuvant OR-278-C, which demonstrated consistent pH reduction when used at an approximately 1:1 ratio with OR-159-B.

[0157] Conclusion b) Powdery mildew pressure on leaves was high, with an average incidence of 100% and severity of 74% in untreated plots. All products reduced the severity of powdery mildew on leaves. OR-159-B at 1% and 2% (always with activator OR-278-C) Opti+ There was no statistical distinction and resulted in the lowest leaf severity percentage (approximately 34%).

[0158] Conclusion c) All treatments contained nearly 100% incidence of bunch disease. As expected, severity was highest in the untreated control plots, exceeding 36%. As with leaves, each treatment reduced powdery mildew severity on bunches. Again, the 1% OR-159-B figure performed best and was not significantly different from the 2% OR-159-B figure (which in turn was significantly different from the 2% OR-159-B figure). Opti+ There was no statistical difference).

[0159] Conclusion d) No treatments were statistically different in terms of percentage control relative to the untreated group. Numerically, OR-159-B at 1% provided the greatest control—54% on leaves and 68% on bunches—with OR-159-B at 2% a close second. Overall, OR-159-B shows promise as a powdery mildew control agent at 1% and even 2%. However, the severity ratings at this treatment (33% on leaves and 10% on berries) are likely not high enough for commercial use. Clearly effective as an adjuvant, statistically improving grower standards Opti performance.

[0160] Conclusion e) No statistical difference in yield was found between the treatments. Yield increased with increasing OR-159-B dosage, reaching a high of 8.3 tons / acre at 2% OR-159-B. Opti + adjuvant resulted in higher yields than Serenade Opti alone. However, yield did not correspond to powdery mildew ratings. Grape quality was acceptable with no statistical differences between treatments ( Figure 12 ).

[0161] Field Trial - Evaluation of the 2019 phytosanitary control method for wine grapes (Chancellor) and native grapes (Vitis lambrusca)) foliar and fruit fungicides – Trevor Nichols of Fernvale Nichols Research Center - Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI

[0162] The experiment was conducted in a mature 'Millennium Joy' (native grape Vitis lambrusca) vineyard at the Trevor Nichols Research Center in Fennville, MI. Vines were spaced 6 x 10 feet apart, cordoned, and hand-pruned. Treatments were applied to three-vine plots and replicated four times in a randomized complete block design. Spraying was performed using a research sprayer equipped with six 5-gallon water tanks, a 12-volt 3.8-gpm diaphragm pump set at 55 psi, and an XR TeeJet 8002VS nozzle mounted on a 5-foot boom. Spray volume was 40 gpa by July 23, then 50 gpa for the remainder of the season.

[0163] Spray dates and approximate phenological stages were as follows: June 1, 2019 (3-inch buds), June 15, 2019 (6-12-inch buds), June 25 (flowering), July 1, 2019 (first bloom after flowering), July 9, 2019 (second bloom after flowering), July 16, 2019 (third bloom after flowering), July 23, 2019 (fourth bloom after flowering), August 6, 2019 (fifth bloom after flowering), and August 20, 2019 (before harvest, 14.3 degrees Brix). Rainfall between spray dates was 2.51, 1.63, 0.07, 0, 0.09, 1.77, 1.13, and 1.44 inches, respectively. Downy mildew on leaves was rated on September 13, 2019, and sour bunch rot on bunches was rated on September 14, 2019; powdery mildew on leaves and bunches was rated on September 16, 2019.

[0164] In all cases, 25 randomly selected leaves and / or bunches from the central vine in each plot were visually rated for disease. Incidence was calculated as the percentage of leaves or bunches affected, while severity was calculated as the percentage of area showing symptoms on only the affected plant portion. Overall severity was calculated as (incidence x severity) / 100. Values ​​in parentheses represent percent control relative to untreated controls. Plots were monitored throughout the season for signs of phytotoxicity, but none were observed. The results are reported in Tables 10 to 12 below:

[0165] Table 10: Incidence (%) of downy mildew (Plasmoparaviticola) on leaves Severity (%) Summary of results for severe, (%) overall severity and (%) controlled - comparison of treatment performance

[0166]

[0167] Table 11: Sour bunch rot (Acetobacter sp.) on bunches spp.)) Summary of results for (%) morbidity (%) severity, (%) overall severity, and (%) control - comparison of treatment performance

[0168]

[0169] Table 12: Powdery mildew (Erysiphe necator) on leaves (%) Incidence (%) Severity Summary of results for (%) overall severity and (%) control - comparison of treatment performance

[0170]

[0171] in conclusion: For the three diseases rated, there were some differences between the fungicide treatments and the industry standard of Mancozeb / Kresoxim-methyl (Sovran) / Rovral / Vangard / Fracture / Mutang Max, which provided the greatest control for all three diseases.

[0172] Conclusions a) Bunch rot (Acetobacter spp.) pressure was very high due to weather conditions in 2019. All fungicide treatments provided 62-97% control compared to UTC, with several treatments significantly different from each other.

[0173] Conclusion b) In addition to the industry standard, the most effective treatments in controlling bunch rot (Acetobacter spp.) were: Mancozeb (Manzate) / Kresoxim-methyl (Sovran) / Iprodione (Rovral) / Vangard / OR-159-B 2%+OR-278-C 2% and Pristine / OR-159-B 2%+OR-278-C 2%.

[0174] Conclusion c) Downy mildew pressure (Plasmopara viticola) on leaves was also high. All fungicide treatments again significantly reduced disease on leaves by 76-95%. The industry standard, Mancozeb / Sovran / Rovral / Vangard / Fracture / Mustang Max, and Mancozeb / Sovran / Rovral / Vangard / OR-159-B2% + OR-278-C2% performed slightly better than the other treatments.

[0175] Conclusion d) Powdery mildew (Erysiphe necator) on leaves and bunches was also rated. All treatments effectively controlled the disease well compared to UTC, with ratings comparable to bunch rot and downy mildew, and provided significant control (i.e., 85-98% on leaves and 90-99% on bunches).

[0176] Field Trial - Evaluation of the 2019 Niagara Interspecific Hybrid (Vitis interspecific hybrid "Niagara") fungicide for foliar and berry diseases of grapes – Clark Clarksville Research Center Research Center)-Michigan State University, East Lansing Xin-MI

[0177] The experiment was conducted in a mature vineyard at the Clarksville Research Center in Clarksville. Vines were cordoned and hand-pruned, spaced 7 x 9 feet apart on a 2-wire trellis. Treatments were applied to 4-vine plots with four replicates in a randomized complete block design. Spraying was performed using a research sprayer equipped with six 5-gallon water tanks, a 12-volt 3.8-gpm diaphragm electric pump set at 55 psi, and an XR TeeJet 8002VS nozzle mounted on a 5-foot boom. The spray volume was 40 gpa.

[0178] Spray dates and approximate phenological stages were as follows: June 8, 2019 (4-6 inch buds), June 19, 2019 (12-16 inch buds), June 26 (flowering), July 3 (first after flowering), July 10, 2019 (second after flowering), July 24, 2019 (third after flowering), August 7, 2019 (fourth after flowering), and August 21, 2019 (fifth after flowering). Total rainfall between sprays was: 1.63, 2.66, 0.68, 0.21, 1.36, 0.97, and 1.45 inches, respectively.

[0179] On September 19, 2019, bunches were rated for black rot (Guignardia bidwellii); on leaves, downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola) was rated on September 19, 2019; on bunches, phomopsis fruit rot (Phosmopsis viticola) was rated on October 1, 2019; and on leaves and bunches, powdery mildew (Erysiphe necator) was rated on October 1, 2019. In each case, 25 leaves or bunches were randomly selected from the central vine of each plot for rating. Disease assessments were based on incidence (% of leaves or bunches infected) and severity (% of area infected only on diseased samples). Overall severity for each case was calculated as (incidence x severity) / 100. Monitor grapevines for signs of phytotoxicity throughout the season.

[0180] The reported results are shown in Tables 13 to 16 below:

[0181] Table 13: Incidence (%) of black rot (Guignardia bidwellii) on bunches Summary of results for severity, (%) overall severity and (%) control - comparison of treatment performance

[0182]

[0183] Spray dates and phonological stages were as follows: 1 = June 8 (4-6 inch buds), 2 = June 19 (12-16 inch buds), 3 = June 26 (flowering), 4 = July 3 (first after flowering), 5 = July 10 (second after flowering), 6 = July 24 (third after flowering), 7 = August 7 (fourth after flowering), 8 = August 21 (fifth after flowering).

[0184] yThe values ​​in parentheses represent the percentage of control relative to the untreated check.

[0185] Column means followed by the same letter are not significantly different (P≤0.05) according to Fisher's Protected test.

[0186] Table 14: Phomopsis fruit rot on bunches (Phomopsis vinifera (Phomopsis viticola)) (%) incidence (%) severity, (%) overall severity and (%)

[0187] Summary of Control Results - Comparison of Treatment Performance

[0188]

[0189] Spray dates and phonological stages were as follows: 1 = June 8 (4-6 inch buds), 2 = June 19 (12-16 inch buds), 3 = June 26 (flowering), 4 = July 3 (first after flowering), 5 = July 10 (second after flowering), 6 = July 24 (third after flowering), 7 = August 7 (fourth after flowering), 8 = August 21 (fifth after flowering).

[0190] yThe values ​​in parentheses represent the percentage of control relative to the untreated check.

[0191] Column means followed by the same letter are not significantly different (P≤0.05) according to Fisher's protected test.

[0192] Table 15: Incidence (%) of downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola) on leaves Summary of results for severity, (%) overall severity and (%) control - comparison of treatment performance

[0193]

[0194] Spray dates and phonological stages were as follows: 1 = June 8 (4-6 inch buds), 2 = June 19 (12-16 inch buds), 3 = June 26 (flowering), 4 = July 3 (first after flowering), 5 = July 10 (second after flowering), 6 = July 24 (third after flowering), 7 = August 7 (fourth after flowering), 8 = August 21 (fifth after flowering).

[0195] yThe values ​​in parentheses represent the percentage of control relative to the untreated check.

[0196] Column means followed by the same letter are not significantly different (P≤0.05) according to Fisher's protected test.

[0197] The values ​​shown are actual mean values. Statistical analysis was performed on square root (x)-transformed data.

[0198] Table 16: Powdery mildew (Erysiphe necator) on bunches (%) Incidence (%) Severity, Summary of results for (%) overall severity and (%) control - comparison of treatment performance

[0199] Spray dates and phonological stages were as follows: 1 = June 8 (4-6 inch buds), 2 = June 19 (12-16 inch buds), 3 = June 26 (flowering), 4 = July 3 (first after flowering), 5 = July 10 (second after flowering), 6 = July 24 (third after flowering), 7 = August 7 (fourth after flowering), 8 = August 21 (fifth after flowering).

[0200] yThe values ​​in parentheses represent the percentage of control relative to the untreated check.

[0201] Column means followed by the same letter are not significantly different (P≤0.05) according to Fisher's protected test.

[0202] Table 17: Powdery mildew (Erysiphe necator) on leaves (%) Incidence (%) Summary of results for severity, (%) overall severity and (%) control - comparison of treatment performance

[0203] Spray dates and phonological stages were as follows: 1 = June 8 (4-6 inch buds), 2 = June 19 (12-16 inch buds), 3 = June 26 (flowering), 4 = July 3 (first after flowering), 5 = July 10 (second after flowering), 6 = July 24 (third after flowering), 7 = August 7 (fourth after flowering), 8 = August 21 (fifth after flowering).

[0204] yThe values ​​in parentheses represent the percentage of control relative to the untreated check.

[0205] Column means followed by the same letter are not significantly different (P≤0.05) according to Fisher's protected test.

[0206] in conclusion: Disease pressure on bunches from Phomopsis fruit rot (Phosmopsis viticola) and black rot (Guignardia bidwellii) was high in this experiment. Disease pressure from powdery mildew (Erysiphe necator) and downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola) was moderate to high in this experiment, respectively.

[0207] Conclusions a) Phomopsis fruit rot (Phosmopsis viticola) and black rot (Guignardia bidwellii) disease - All treatments significantly reduced disease compared to the untreated control.

[0208] Conclusion b) The industry standard of Mancozeb (Manzate) / Azoxystrobin (Abound) / Revus Top (Revus Top) / Pristine was statistically the best treatment with 96-97% disease reduction.

[0209] Conclusion c) 2% OR-159-B, 1% OR-159-B, 0.5% OR-159-B, and 0.4% Prev-am were also very effective in controlling the disease. Microthiol Disperss and Kaligreen were the least effective in controlling the disease (control ranging from 19% to 58%).

[0210] Conclusion d) Several treatments significantly reduced powdery mildew and downy mildew. The most effective treatment was Mancozeb / Abound / Revus Top / Kajin

[0211] (Pristine), reduced powdery mildew by 100% and downy mildew by 99%.

[0212] Conclusion e) Very little control of powdery and downy mildew was observed in the Kaligreen and Microthiol Disperss treatments.

[0213] Conclusion f) 2% OR-159-B, 1% OR-159-B, 0.5% OR-159-B and 0.4% Prev- The treatment is also very effective in controlling powdery and downy mildew.

[0214] Conclusion g) Phytotoxicity in the form of leaf burns was observed only in the Microthiol Disperss treatment.

[0215] Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) are to be given their ordinary and customary meanings to those skilled in the art and are not to be limited to special or customary meanings unless expressly defined herein. It should be noted that the use of a particular term when describing certain features or aspects of the present disclosure should not be understood as indicating that the term is hereby redefined to include any particular feature of the feature or aspect of the present disclosure associated with the term. Terms and phrases used in this application and variations thereof, especially in the appended claims, should be interpreted as open-ended and not restrictive unless expressly stated otherwise. As an example of the foregoing, the term 'comprising' should be interpreted as 'including, but not limited to,' 'including but not limited to,' etc.; as used herein, the term 'comprising' is synonymous with 'including,' 'containing,' or 'characterized by,' and is inclusive or open-ended and does not exclude additional, unrecited elements or method steps; the term 'having' should be interpreted as 'having at least'; the term 'including' should be interpreted as 'including but not limited to'; the term 'example' is used to provide illustrative examples of the items discussed and is not an exhaustive or limiting list; adjectives such as 'known,' 'normal,' 'standard' and terms of similar meaning should not be interpreted as limiting the items described to a given period of time or items available at a given time, but should be interpreted to include known, normal or standard technology that may be available or known at any time now or in the future; and the use of terms such as 'preferably,' 'preferred,' 'desirable,' or 'ideal' and words of similar meaning should not be construed to imply that certain features are critical, essential, or even important to the structure or function of the invention, but are merely intended to highlight alternative or additional features that may or may not be used in a particular embodiment of the invention. Likewise, a group of items linked with the conjunction 'and' should not be read as requiring that each and every one of those items be present in the grouping, but rather should be read as 'and / or' unless expressly stated otherwise. Likewise, a group of items linked with the conjunction 'or' should not be read as requiring mutual exclusivity among the grouping, but rather should be read as 'and / or' unless expressly stated otherwise.

[0216] Where a range of values ​​is provided, it is understood that the upper and lower limits and every intervening value between the upper and lower limits of that range is encompassed within the embodiments.

[0217] With respect to the use of substantially any plural and / or singular terms herein, a person skilled in the art can convert from the plural to the singular and / or from the singular to the plural, as long as it is applicable to the context and / or application. For the sake of clarity, various singular / plural arrangements may be explicitly stated in this document. The indefinite article "a" or "an" does not exclude plural. A single processor or other unit may perform the functions of several items recited in the claims. The fact that certain measures are listed in mutually different dependent claims does not indicate that a combination of these measures cannot be used to advantage. Any figure signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

[0218] Those skilled in the art will further understand that if a specific number of claim references is intended to be introduced, such intention will be expressly recited in the claim, and that in the absence of such a reference, no such intention exists. For example, to aid understanding, the following appended claims may contain the use of the introductory phrases "at least one" and "one or more" to introduce claim recitations. However, the use of such phrases should not be construed as implying that the introduction of a claim reference by the indefinite article "a" or "an" limits any particular claim containing such introduced claim reference to embodiments containing only one such reference, even when the same claim includes the introductory phrases "one or more" or "at least one" and an indefinite article, such as "a" or "an" (e.g., "a" and / or "an" should generally be interpreted as meaning "at least one" or "one or more"); the same applies to the use of definite articles to introduce claim references. Furthermore, even if a specific number of an introduced claim reference is explicitly referenced, those skilled in the art will recognize that such reference should generally be interpreted to refer to at least the referenced number (e.g., abbreviated reference to "two references," without other modifiers, generally means at least two references, or two or more references). Furthermore, in those instances where a convention similar to “at least one of A, B, and C, etc.” is used, generally speaking, such construction is intended to be in the sense that one skilled in the art would understand the convention (e.g., “a system having at least one of A, B, and C” would include but is not limited to systems having A alone, B alone, C alone, A and B together, A and C together, B and C together, and / or systems having A, B, and C together, etc.). In those instances where a convention similar to “at least one of A, B, or C, etc.” is used, generally speaking, such construction is intended to be in the sense that one skilled in the art would understand the convention (e.g., “a system having at least one of A, B, or C” would include but is not limited to systems having A alone, B alone, C alone, A and B together, A and C together, B and C together, and / or systems having A, B, and C together, etc.). Those skilled in the art will further understand that virtually any disjunctive word and / or phrase presenting two or more alternative terms, whether in the specification, claims, or drawings, should be understood to contemplate the possibility of including one, any, or both of the terms. For example, the phrase "A or B" will be understood to include the possibilities of "A" or "B" or "A and B."

[0219] All numbers expressing quantities of ingredients, reagents, reaction conditions, and the like used in the specification should be understood as being modified in all instances by the term 'about'. Accordingly, unless indicated to the contrary, the numerical parameters set forth herein are approximate and may vary depending upon the desired properties sought to be obtained. Without intending to limit the application of the doctrine of equivalents to the scope of any claims, at least in any application claiming priority to the present application, each numerical parameter should be considered in light of the number of significant digits and ordinary rounding techniques.

[0220] According to the agricultural composition of the present disclosure, environmentally friendly, stable and effective antipathogenicity is provided. The synergistic interaction between the antipathogenic compound of the agricultural composition (illustrated as a fungicide in this article) and the chemical activator is unexpected and surprising. The agricultural composition allows easy administration and use in any type of soft water or hard water, acidic or alkaline water, and allows organic processing. In addition, the composition allows to be used alone or in combination with other pathogen treatment schemes for plant crops, seeds, flowers, fruits, vegetables, trees, animals, equipment, cleaning tools, greenhouses, farms or other spaces of industrial facilities before or after harvest.

[0221] In addition, although the foregoing has been described in some detail by way of illustration and example for the purposes of clarity and understanding, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that certain changes and modifications may be implemented. Therefore, the description and examples should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention to the specific embodiments and examples described herein, but rather encompass all modifications and substitutions that come with the true scope and spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. An agricultural composition comprising antipathogenic compounds including potassium sorbate, urea, and water as a diluent; and Chemical activators include citric acid, at least one (C 12 –C 16 ) (C1-C8) alkyl ester of an alkyl acid, an anionic surfactant, a nonionic surfactant, urea, and water as a diluent; wherein at least one (C 12 –C 16 ) (C1-C8) alkyl ester of an alkyl acid selected from the group consisting of isopropyl laurate, isopropyl myristate, and combinations thereof; in, The anionic surfactant is composed of sodium lauryl ether sulfate or triethanolamine dodecylbenzene sulfonate; Wherein, the nonionic surfactant is composed of ethoxylated fatty alcohol 6POE or polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate / ester; wherein the antipathogenic compound comprises water as a diluent such that the potassium sorbate accounts for 35-55% by weight of the antipathogenic compound and the urea accounts for 2-3% by weight of the antipathogenic compound; wherein the chemical activator comprises water as a diluent, such that the citric acid accounts for 30-55% by weight of the chemical activator, and the at least one (C 12 –C 16 )alkyl esters of alkyl acids account for 0.5-5% by weight of the chemical activator, the anionic surfactant accounts for 1-5% by weight of the chemical activator, and the nonionic surfactant accounts for 3-10% by weight of the chemical activator, wherein the nonionic surfactant is an ethoxylated alcohol having a degree of ethoxylation of 1 to 50, and wherein the urea accounts for 1.0-2.0% by weight of the chemical activator; wherein the anti-pathogenic compound has a pH in the range of 7.0 to 10.0, and wherein the chemical activator has a pH in the range of 0.0 to 3.0, such that in use the anti-pathogenic compound and the chemical activator are mixed and / or diluted to provide a stable tank mix of a diluted agricultural composition having a pH of 4 to 6.

2. The agricultural composition of claim 1, wherein the ethoxylated fatty alcohol comprises an ethoxylated fatty alcohol containing 8 to 22 carbon atoms.

3. The agricultural composition of claim 1 , wherein the antipathogenic compound is in a concentrated form comprising water as a diluent and urea, such that the potassium sorbate accounts for 35-44% by weight of the antipathogenic compound and the urea accounts for 2-3% by weight of the antipathogenic compound, the concentrated antipathogenic compound having a pH range of 7.0 to 10.0, and wherein the chemical activator is in concentrated form comprising water as a diluent, and wherein the acid is citric acid, such that the citric acid comprises 40-50% by weight of the chemical activator, wherein at least one (C 12 –C 16 )alkyl ester of an alkyl acid is isopropyl myristate and / or isopropyl laurate, such that the isopropyl myristate and / or isopropyl laurate account for 1-1.5% by weight of the chemical activator, wherein the anionic surfactant is sodium lauryl ether sulfate, such that the sodium lauryl ether sulfate accounts for 2.2-3.5% by weight of the chemical activator, wherein the nonionic surfactant is fatty alcohol ethoxylate 6POE, such that the fatty alcohol ethoxylate 6POE accounts for 6-10 wt % of the chemical activator, and the urea accounts for 1-2 wt % of the chemical activator, and the pH range of the concentrated chemical activator is between 0.0 and 3.0, Thus, in use, the concentrated anti-pathogenic compound and the concentrated chemical activator are mixed and / or diluted to provide a stable tank mix of the diluted agricultural composition having a pH between 4 and 6.

4. A method for preparing the agricultural composition according to claim 1, comprising the step of mixing the antipathogenic compound according to claim 1 and a chemical activator in water.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein: The mixing step further comprises: (i) diluting the antipathogenic compound of claim 1 with water in a weight ratio of 1:100 to 1:10 of the antipathogenic compound to water to obtain a stable diluted solution of the inactivated antipathogenic compound; and then (ii) diluting the chemical activator with a stable diluted solution of the non-activated antipathogenic compound in a weight ratio of 1:0.4 to 1:2 to obtain a stable tank mix of the diluted agricultural composition having a pH range of 4.0 to 6.

0.

6. The agricultural composition according to claim 1 for use in controlling agricultural pathogens and / or treating diseases caused by the agricultural pathogens.

7. A method of controlling agricultural pathogens, comprising the step of applying the agricultural composition of claim 1 to or near trees, plants, fruits, flowers, roots, or seeds before or after harvest.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the applying to or near a tree, plant, fruit, flower, root or seed is performed by an apparatus selected from the group consisting of an air-assisted sprayer, a conventional sprayer and an ultra-low volume equipment pivot, a sprinkler and combinations thereof.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the applying to or near a tree, plant, fruit, flower, root or seed is performed by a device selected from the group consisting of an air sprayer, an electrostatic sprayer, a fogger and a misting spray device and a chemical irrigation system and combinations thereof.

10. The method of claim 9, further comprising the step of applying the agricultural composition of claim 1 to or near animals, equipment, feed lots, feedlots, barns, animal housing units, tools, buildings, storage areas, or food contact areas to control disease-causing fungal and / or bacterial pathogens.

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